EP1528175B1 - Method for the realisation of facades, roofs or floors using self supporting fire resistant panels - Google Patents
Method for the realisation of facades, roofs or floors using self supporting fire resistant panels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1528175B1 EP1528175B1 EP04292553.7A EP04292553A EP1528175B1 EP 1528175 B1 EP1528175 B1 EP 1528175B1 EP 04292553 A EP04292553 A EP 04292553A EP 1528175 B1 EP1528175 B1 EP 1528175B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- metal
- concrete
- reinforcing element
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of producing facades, roofs and floors by assembling a series of self-supporting panels resistant to fire.
- the upper surface of the formwork is provided with means forming this connection between the steel and the concrete, in order to reduce the stresses of grazing forces between steel and concrete.
- the connecting means take the form of small ribs.
- This type of formwork has many disadvantages in the manufacture of the floor on site, both in terms of installation speed and quality of implementation. In addition, it does not allow for vertical structures such as facades or even inclined structures such as roofs. Finally, its fire resistance and mechanical characteristics are not optimal.
- the panel consists of a single module and a concrete layer covering the entire surface of said thermal insulation layer and completely surrounding said metal reinforcing element.
- the panel consists of two modules and a concrete layer covering the entire surface of each of the thermal insulation layers and completely surrounding each of the metal reinforcing elements.
- the self-supporting panel according to the invention can be used in horizontal position, vertical or oblique, for the realization of structures mentioned above.
- the set of orientation characteristics described refers to a panel placed horizontally on the ground. If the panel were placed vertically, it would naturally replace the horizontal terms by vertical and vice versa in the description of this panel.
- a self-supporting panel 1 consisting, on the one hand of a module 2 and on the other hand of a concrete layer 3.
- the module 2 comprises a U-shaped metal section 4 which here consists of 'galvanized steel.
- This section 4 consists of a central zone 5 substantially horizontal and extended at both ends by webs 6 and 6 '.
- These souls 6 and 6 ' are themselves extended by a substantially horizontal sole 7, respectively 7'.
- the sole 7 is oriented towards the inside of the panel 1, while the sole 7 'is oriented towards the outside of this panel 1.
- a block of rock wool 8 which is in section in the form of a six-sided polygon and which has in particular a large thickness in its central part, which decreases going towards the edges of the block.
- This block has a maximum thickness less than the height of the profile 4.
- FIG 2 it can be seen a second embodiment of a self-supporting panel 10 according to the invention, which consists, on the one hand of two modules 11 and 12, and on the other hand a layer of concrete 13 covering and solidarisant the two modules 11 and 12.
- the modules 11 and 12 are identical to the module 2 which has just been described for the first embodiment.
- each panel 20, 21 comprises a metal section 20 ', 21' which comprises interlocking ribs 20 ", 21" which are of different but complementary conformation and make it possible, after they have been brought into contact, to avoid any respective movement of the panels 20 and 21 in a direction perpendicular to that of the plane of the panels 20 and 21.
- the panel 20 is also provided with two seals 22 and 23 which will ensure a seal between the panels 20 and 21, after assembly.
- the panel according to the invention has an improved fire resistance, whatever its disposition with respect to the direction of propagation of the fire.
- the geometric shape of this profile ensures, through the souls, a connection between the metal face of the panel and its concrete face.
- This link is essential in the behavior of the system during a fire. Indeed, the exposed metal face in this case quickly has more resistance, but can remain stable for several hours and provide a screen role.
- connection between the concrete face and the metal face is mechanically reinforced by the metal reinforcing element welded or connected by another system to the webs of the profile and embedded in the thickness of the concrete layer.
- the rock wool contained in the self-supporting panel is a real fire screen and especially the temperature rise of the unexposed face. Not being directly exposed to fire, its mechanical stability is ensured for several hours.
- the concrete layer not being subjected to the flame and little to the rise in temperature, is not concerned by the fire on the other side.
- the operation is mechanically identical to the previous case, with the difference that the thickness of the concrete layer is sufficient on its own, to withstand for at least two hours. This configuration is therefore even more favorable to the good behavior of the panel exposed to the fire.
- the rockwool also provides the same heat shield function and considerably limits the temperature transfer between the exposed face and the non-exposed one.
- the panel according to the invention differs in particular formwork of the prior art in that it is self-supporting and can be manufactured in the workshop, then easily routed to the site or it can be installed immediately by assembling the prefabricated panels.
- the panel according to the invention also has the advantage of being used both for facades, for floors or roofs, which allows to have a single panel model in stock for the realization of these structures.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de réalisation de façades, toitures et planchers par assemblage d'une série de panneaux autoportants résistants au feu.The present invention relates to a method of producing facades, roofs and floors by assembling a series of self-supporting panels resistant to fire.
Il est connu des brevets
Afin d'assurer une liaison entre le coffrage et la dalle en béton, la surface supérieure du coffrage est munie de moyens formant cette liaison entre l'acier et le béton, afin de réduire les tensions d'efforts rasants entre acier et béton. Dans ce document, les moyens de liaison prennent la forme de petites nervures.In order to ensure a connection between the formwork and the concrete slab, the upper surface of the formwork is provided with means forming this connection between the steel and the concrete, in order to reduce the stresses of grazing forces between steel and concrete. In this document, the connecting means take the form of small ribs.
Ce type de coffrage présente de nombreux inconvénients au niveau de la fabrication du plancher sur chantier, tant en terme de vitesse de pose que de qualité de réalisation. En outre, il ne permet pas de réaliser des structures verticales telles que des façades ou bien encore des structures inclinées telle que des toitures. Enfin, sa résistance au feu et ses caractéristiques mécaniques ne sont pas optimales.This type of formwork has many disadvantages in the manufacture of the floor on site, both in terms of installation speed and quality of implementation. In addition, it does not allow for vertical structures such as facades or even inclined structures such as roofs. Finally, its fire resistance and mechanical characteristics are not optimal.
Un procédé similaire à celui de la présente invention est décrit dans le brevet
Le but de la présente invention est donc de remédier aux inconvénients des réalisations de l'art antérieur, en mettant à disposition un panneau autoportant polyvalent, présentant une grande résistance au feu ainsi qu'une bonne résistance mécanique et une grande facilité de mise en oeuvre sur chantier pour la réalisation de structures variées.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour premier objet un panneau autoportant résistant au feu, pour le bâtiment, constitué, d'une part, par un ou plusieurs modules comportant :
- un profilé métallique en forme de U comprenant une plage centrale horizontale s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal du profilé, deux âmes latérales sensiblement verticales comportant des nervures d'emboîtement, et prolongeant chaque côté de la plage centrale et deux semelles sensiblement horizontales venant prolonger chacune des âmes latérales, ledit profilé étant éventuellement muni d'un revêtement de protection contre la corrosion,
- un élément de renfort métallique sensiblement horizontal s'étendant entre les âmes du profilé, solidarisé avec ledit profilé métallique,
- une couche d'isolant thermique disposée en appui sur ladite plage centrale, entre lesdites âmes, et sous ledit élément de renfort métallique, ledit isolant thermique étant constitué de laine de roche,
For this purpose, the invention firstly relates to a self-supporting fireproof panel, for the building, constituted, on the one hand, by one or more modules comprising:
- a U-shaped metal section comprising a horizontal central zone extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile, two substantially vertical lateral webs having interlocking ribs, and extending each side of the central zone and two substantially horizontal soles extending each lateral webs, said section possibly being provided with a protective coating against corrosion,
- a substantially horizontal metal reinforcing element extending between the webs of the profile, secured to said metal section,
- a layer of thermal insulation disposed in abutment on said central zone, between said cores, and under said metal reinforcing element, said thermal insulation being made of rockwool,
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le panneau est constitué d'un seul module et d'une couche de béton recouvrant toute la surface de ladite couche d'isolant thermique et entourant entièrement ledit élément de renfort métallique.In a preferred embodiment, the panel consists of a single module and a concrete layer covering the entire surface of said thermal insulation layer and completely surrounding said metal reinforcing element.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation préféré, le panneau est constitué de deux modules et d'une couche de béton recouvrant toute la surface de chacune des couches d'isolant thermique et entourant entièrement chacun des éléments de renfort métallique.In another preferred embodiment, the panel consists of two modules and a concrete layer covering the entire surface of each of the thermal insulation layers and completely surrounding each of the metal reinforcing elements.
Il va bien entendu de soit que l'on pourra ajuster le nombre et la taille des modules en fonction des dimensions et des spécificités techniques de la structure à réaliser.It goes of course of course that we will be able to adjust the number and the size of the modules according to the dimensions and the technical specificities of the structure to be realized.
Le panneau autoportant selon l'invention peut également comprendre les caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en combinaison :
- l'élément de renfort métallique est un treillis métallique soudé sur les semelles horizontales du profilé métallique en forme de U,
- le profilé métallique en forme de U est réalisé en acier, éventuellement galvanisé ou émaillé,
- l'isolant thermique présente, au moins à ses deux extrémités, une épaisseur inférieure à la hauteur du profilé métallique, et la couche de béton est en contact avec les âmes du profilé métallique-.,
- the metal reinforcing element is a wire mesh welded to the horizontal flanges of the U-shaped metal section,
- the U-shaped metal profile is made of steel, possibly galvanized or enamelled,
- the thermal insulation has, at least at both ends, a thickness less than the height of the metal section, and the concrete layer is in contact with the webs of the metal profile.
Il est clair que le panneau autoportant selon l'invention pourra être utilisé en position horizontale, verticale ou oblique, pour la réalisation des structures mentionnées ci-dessus.It is clear that the self-supporting panel according to the invention can be used in horizontal position, vertical or oblique, for the realization of structures mentioned above.
Dans le cadre de la présente demande, l'ensemble des caractéristiques d'orientation décrites se réfère à un panneau posé horizontalement sur le sol. Si le panneau était posé verticalement, il faudrait naturellement remplacer les termes horizontaux par verticaux et vice versa dans la description de ce panneau.In the context of the present application, the set of orientation characteristics described refers to a panel placed horizontally on the ground. If the panel were placed vertically, it would naturally replace the horizontal terms by vertical and vice versa in the description of this panel.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite de façon plus précise mais non limitative, en regard des figures annexées dans lesquelles :
- la
figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un panneau autoportant constitué d'un seul module, - la
figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un second mode de réalisation d'un panneau autoportant constitué de deux modules, - la
figure 3 est une représentation partielle de l'assemblage de deux panneaux selon l'invention pour la réalisation d'une structure telle qu'un plancher.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a self-supporting panel consisting of a single module, - the
figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of a self-supporting panel consisting of two modules, - the
figure 3 is a partial representation of the assembly of two panels according to the invention for the realization of a structure such as a floor.
Si l'on se réfère tout d'abord à la
A l'intérieur du profilé 4, a été disposé un bloc de laine de roche 8 qui se présente en coupe sous la forme d'un polygone à six côtés et qui a notamment une épaisseur importante dans sa partie centrale, qui diminue en allant vers les bords du bloc. Ce bloc a une épaisseur maximale inférieure à la hauteur du profilé 4.Inside the section 4, was disposed a block of
Au-dessus de ce bloc 8, un treillis métallique 9 a été soudé sur les semelles 7 et 7' du profilé 4. Enfin, une couche de béton 3 a été coulée sur ce module, de telle sorte que le béton vienne en contact avec l'ensemble de la surface de la laine de roche 8, mais aussi avec les âmes 6 et 6', ainsi qu'avec le treillis métallique 9 qui est entièrement immergé dans le béton.Above this
Si on se réfère à présent à la
Les modules 11 et 12 sont identiques au module 2 qui vient d'être décrit pour le premier mode de réalisation.The
La
On munit également le panneau 20 de deux joints 22 et 23 qui permettront d'assurer une étanchéité entre les panneaux 20 et 21, après assemblage.The
Le panneau selon l'invention présente une résistance améliorée au feu, quelle que soit sa disposition vis-à-vis de la direction de propagation de l'incendie.The panel according to the invention has an improved fire resistance, whatever its disposition with respect to the direction of propagation of the fire.
Ainsi si les flammes se trouvent du côté du profilé métallique, la forme géométrique de ce profilé assure, par l'intermédiaire des âmes, un lien entre la face métallique du panneau et sa face en béton. Ce lien est primordial dans le comportement du système lors d'un incendie. En effet, la face métallique exposée dans ce cas a rapidement plus de résistance, mais peut rester stable pendant plusieurs heures et assurer un rôle d'écran.Thus if the flames are on the side of the metal profile, the geometric shape of this profile ensures, through the souls, a connection between the metal face of the panel and its concrete face. This link is essential in the behavior of the system during a fire. Indeed, the exposed metal face in this case quickly has more resistance, but can remain stable for several hours and provide a screen role.
Ce lien entre la face en béton et la face métallique est mécaniquement renforcé par l'élément de renfort métallique soudé ou connecté par un autre système aux âmes du profilé et noyé dans l'épaisseur de la couche de béton.This connection between the concrete face and the metal face is mechanically reinforced by the metal reinforcing element welded or connected by another system to the webs of the profile and embedded in the thickness of the concrete layer.
La laine de roche contenue dans le panneau autoportant est un véritable écran au feu et notamment à l'élévation de température de la face non exposée. N'étant pas directement exposée au feu, sa stabilité mécanique est assurée pendant plusieurs heures.The rock wool contained in the self-supporting panel is a real fire screen and especially the temperature rise of the unexposed face. Not being directly exposed to fire, its mechanical stability is ensured for several hours.
La couche de béton n'étant pas sollicitée à la flamme et peu à l'élévation de température, n'est en rien inquiétée par l'incendie sur l'autre face.The concrete layer not being subjected to the flame and little to the rise in temperature, is not worried by the fire on the other side.
Si la flamme se présente du côté du béton, le fonctionnement est mécaniquement identique au cas précédent, à la différence que l'épaisseur de la couche de béton est suffisante à elle seule, pour résister pendant au moins deux heures. Cette configuration est par conséquent encore plus favorable au bon comportement du panneau exposé à l'incendie.If the flame is on the concrete side, the operation is mechanically identical to the previous case, with the difference that the thickness of the concrete layer is sufficient on its own, to withstand for at least two hours. This configuration is therefore even more favorable to the good behavior of the panel exposed to the fire.
La laine de roche assure dans ce cas également la même fonction d'écran thermique et limite considérablement le transfert de température entre la face exposée et celle qui ne l'est pas.In this case, the rockwool also provides the same heat shield function and considerably limits the temperature transfer between the exposed face and the non-exposed one.
Il est important de noter que le panneau selon l'invention se distingue notamment des coffrages de l'art antérieur en ce qu'il est autoportant et peut donc être fabriqué en atelier, puis acheminé facilement sur le chantier ou il pourra être posé immédiatement par assemblage des panneaux préfabriqués.It is important to note that the panel according to the invention differs in particular formwork of the prior art in that it is self-supporting and can be manufactured in the workshop, then easily routed to the site or it can be installed immediately by assembling the prefabricated panels.
Outre une grande rapidité de pose, cela permet de garantir des dimensions géométriques constantes pour chaque panneau, d'où la suppression de tout ajustement sur le chantier.In addition to high speed of installation, it ensures constant geometric dimensions for each panel, eliminating any adjustment on the site.
Le panneau selon l'invention présente également l'avantage de pouvoir être utilisé aussi bien pour des façades, que pour des planchers ou des toitures, ce qui permet d'avoir un seul modèle de panneau en stock pour la réalisation de ces structures.The panel according to the invention also has the advantage of being used both for facades, for floors or roofs, which allows to have a single panel model in stock for the realization of these structures.
Enfin, il est réversible et peut donc être utilisé en fonction des besoins en orientant sa face métallique vers l'intérieur ou l'extérieur du bâtiment, ce qui représente une facilité de mise en oeuvre supplémentaire, tout en accroissant encore sa polyvalence.Finally, it is reversible and can therefore be used as needed by orienting its metal face to the inside or outside of the building, which represents an additional ease of implementation, while further increasing its versatility.
Claims (5)
- Method for producing facades, roofs or floors by means of fire-resistant self-supporting panels (1, 10), consisting of:- providing one or more modules (2, 11, 12) comprising:o a U-shaped metal profile (4) comprising a horizontal central area (5) extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile (4), two substantially vertical lateral webs (6, 6') comprising insertion ribs (20", 21") extending each side of the central area (5) and two substantially horizontal sole plates (7, 7') extending each of the lateral webs, said profile (4) optionally being provided with a corrosion-protection coating,o a substantially horizontal metal reinforcing element (9) extending between the webs (6, 6') of the profile (4), secured to said metal profile (4),o a thermally insulating layer (8) disposed in abutment on said central area (5) between said webs (6, 6') and under said metal reinforcing element (9), said thermal insulator (8) consisting of rock wool and having, at the two ends thereof, a thickness less than the height of said metal profile (4),- pouring, in the factory, a layer of concrete (3) covering the entire surface of said thermally insulating layer (8) and entirely surrounding said metal reinforcing element or elements (9), said layer of concrete (3) being in contact with said webs of said metal profile (4), so as to form a fire-resisting self-supporting panel (1, 10),- conveying said panels on site,- assembling said panels by means of the insertion ribs (20", 21").
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the panel consists of a single module (2) and a layer of concrete (3) covering the entire surface of said thermally insulating layer (8) and entirely surrounding said metal reinforcing element (9).
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the panel consists of two modules (11, 12) and a layer of concrete (13) covering the entire surface of each of said thermally insulating layers and entirely surrounding each of said metal reinforcing elements.
- Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said metal reinforcing element (9) is a metal lattice welded onto said horizontal sole plates of the U-shaped metal profile (4).
- Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that said U-shaped metal profile (4) is produced from steel, optionally galvanised or enamelled.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0312744A FR2861770B1 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | FIRE-RESISTANT SELF-SUPPORTING PANEL FOR BUILDING |
FR0312744 | 2003-10-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1528175A1 EP1528175A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
EP1528175B1 true EP1528175B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
Family
ID=34400888
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04292553.7A Active EP1528175B1 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-27 | Method for the realisation of facades, roofs or floors using self supporting fire resistant panels |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1528175B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2562026T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2861770B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1019249A3 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-05-08 | Joris Ide Nv | BUILDING PANEL. |
CN109235747A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 肇庆三乐集成房屋制造有限公司 | A kind of reinforced fiber cement board and preparation method thereof |
WO2024095039A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-10 | Arcelormittal | Composite floor deck member and assembly thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR841373A (en) * | 1938-01-20 | 1939-05-17 | Building material and its applications | |
FR2219284B1 (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1975-12-12 | Montharry Daniel M | |
BE836061A (en) | 1975-11-28 | 1976-03-16 | Le Clercq Pierre | METAL FORMWORK FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS |
FR2599409A1 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1987-12-04 | Walter Jean Jacques | Insulating slab. |
SE512156C2 (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 2000-02-07 | Anders Granstroem | floor structure |
FR2792963B1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2001-07-13 | Vincent Birarda | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARRYING FLOORS |
FR2818301B1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2003-09-26 | Usinor | FLOOR USED FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION MADE UP OF U-SHAPED METAL PROFILES |
-
2003
- 2003-10-30 FR FR0312744A patent/FR2861770B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-10-27 EP EP04292553.7A patent/EP1528175B1/en active Active
- 2004-10-27 ES ES04292553.7T patent/ES2562026T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2861770B1 (en) | 2006-01-27 |
ES2562026T3 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
EP1528175A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
FR2861770A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
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