Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
  • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
  • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
  • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
  • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions
  • H01Q9/46—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions with rigid elements diverging from single point

Definitions

• the invention relates to antennas with circular polarization, and more precisely antennas having a radiation pattern of revolution around an axis and having a maximum of radiation in the plane perpendicular to the direction of this axis.
• the invention relates more specifically to antennas in patch technology.
• the plated or printed antennas include all of the aerials produced using a technology consisting in placing a thin metallic conductor above a ground plane.
• This metallic conducting wire constitutes the radiating element of the antenna and is of reduced dimensions and can be of arbitrary shape. In practice, it is often of simple geometry such as a square, a rectangle, a disc or a ring.
• This type of antenna has the advantages of microstrip lines: low mass and reduced bulk, planar structures that can be shaped, possibility of mass production, thus allowing low-cost production.
• the object of the invention is to improve the existing antennas and to propose an antenna which is simple to produce, and of reduced size, while providing a natural circular polarization which is particularly sharp.
• an antenna made of plated technology including a series of strands located substantially in the same main plane, each of the strands being fed by the same conductive wire, characterized in that each of these strands describes an initial segment which is radial with respect to a geometric axis perpendicular to the main plane, then each of the strands is extended according to a arc of a circle centered on this geometric axis, then again describes a substantially radial segment, directed in the direction of the geometric axis, thus skirting a radial segment of the neighboring strand without touching it.
• the antenna consists of three main elements, namely a rigid and rectilinear supply wire 100, a set 200 of four radiating strands, and a ground plane 300.
• the four strands, referenced 210, 220, 230 and 240 are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the wire 100, and the ground plane 300 is placed parallel to the main plane of the strands.
• the general shape delimited by the strands as well as the ground plane 300 are both geometrically centered on the supply wire 100.
• the wire 100 therefore defines here a main axis of symmetry X of the antenna.
• Each strand 210, 220, 230, 240 is electrically connected to the wire 100. From the supply wire 100 of each strand has a shape similar to that of the strand 210, which will now be described.
• the strand 210 first describes an initial segment 210 which is here strictly radial and which ends at a distance from the axis X by a bend 213, bend 213 which then initiates the part in an arc of a circle 214 of the strand considered 100.
• This part or segment in an arc 214 describes here an angle of 90 ° around the axis, to end again by a bend 215 at a right angle. This second bend 215 then initiates a terminal segment 216 of the strand considered directed towards the axis of symmetry X, stopping near the axis 100 without touching it.
• Each of the strands has the same configuration, the part in an arc turning around the axis 100 in the same direction (trigonometric or inverse trigonometric) for each strand.
• Each strand here rotates counterclockwise relative to the X axis.
• the set of strands defines by its outline a circular shape separated into four arcs of 90 °.
• Each of the strands describes, by its two rectilinear segments and its segment in an arc, the outline of a quarter constituting a quarter of a disc.
• each radial segment which is connected to the central wire is bordered by a radial segment, which itself is not connected to the wire supply 100.
• each of these strands further describes two substantially radial segments, situated at 90 ° from one another, and each skirting a neighboring segment belonging to a neighboring strand.
• all of the strands 210, 220, 230 and 240 form four pairs of parallel and radial segments, each segment considered to be a pair belonging to a different strand. These pairs of parallel segments are present every 90 degrees around the axis of symmetry of the antenna.
• the supply wire 100 is here a straight wire stopping at the center of the strands, and not extending beyond the plane of the latter.
• This supply wire 100 is formed by the central conductor of a coaxial cable.
• the outer frame 150 of this coaxial cable stops, however, well before the internal conductor of the coaxial cable.
• the coaxial external frame 150 is in electrical connection with the ground plane 300, which forms a conductive disc of the same diameter as the circle of the strands and parallel to the latter.
• This solid disc 300 is located at a distance from the strands which is of the order of the diameter of the circle that these strands describe.
• the external reinforcement of the coaxial cable connects it to a potential different from that supplying the strands.
• the two conductors 100 and 150 of the coaxial cable are connected to the terminals of an electrical source, not shown here, which lies beyond the ground plane 300, opposite the strands.
• the ground plane 300 is therefore between this source and the plane of the strands.
• the power source not shown can be produced for example using a circuit in printed planar technology, a power supply according to this technology can alternatively be placed anywhere in the antenna, for example in the plane of the strands or on the ground plane 300.
• the mechanical axis constituted by the supply wire 100 is also the axis of symmetry of the radiation diagram.
• a maximum of radiation is emitted on the horizon, that is to say axially around the wire 100 and in the direction of the plane of the strands, while a minimum of radiation is present in the direction defined by the axis of symmetry.
• the antenna Over a relatively wide relative frequency band (> 10%), the antenna generates a natural circular polarization. Indeed, on this frequency band, the central part of the antenna, and in particular the vertical feed wire 100 of the antenna, generates a component of the vertically polarized electromagnetic field having a maximum on the horizon.
• the peripheral part in the form of a circle of the antenna generates a component of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic field also having a maximum on the horizon.
• the gain obtained with this antenna is typically 2 dB for elevation angles between 0 ° and 60 °.
• the geometry of the antenna also makes it possible to obtain a phase shift of 90 ° between these two radiated components and the same amplitude for each of them.
• a circular polarization is therefore obtained with a maximum directed at the horizon.
• the direction of winding of the strands fixes the main polarization.
• the reverse trigonometric winding direction as presented here implies a right circular polarization.
• Each strand has a length of the order of half a wavelength at the working frequency, that is to say of the order of half a wavelength at the preferred frequency for this antenna.
• additional strands can be superimposed on the initial four strands.
• These additional strands may or may not be electrically connected to the initial strands and may or may not be of the same size as the initial strands.
• Operation in multifrequency mode is also possible, either by stacking several sets of strands such as that described here, preferably in parallel and superimposed planes and of different diameters, or by means of a multiplexer connected to a set coplanar strands.
• the total thickness of the proposed antenna is small compared to the wavelength (typically of the order of 0.04 ⁇ ), which makes it compact.
• the antenna presented here is very compact because its strands are folded.
• the outside diameter of the circle composed of the four radiating strands is of the order of 0.25 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the preferred working wavelength for this antenna.
• Such a small diameter allows a reduced size of the antenna with regard to the wavelength.
• This antenna can be made of metal.
• the mass of this antenna can, by the choice of a suitable material, be even lower.
• the antenna is supplied by a single wire and no additional phase shift circuit is necessary for its operation, which makes it a structure that is simple to produce both electrically and mechanically.
• This antenna and in particular all of the strands, is easily achievable in plated technology, that is to say for example by producing all the strands in the form of a printed circuit on a substrate film. More generally, the antenna according to the invention and easily produced in series production.

Landscapes

• Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
• Details Of Aerials (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
• Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=29719902

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Families Citing this family (12)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2002
  • 2002-06-20 FR FR0207625A patent/FR2841388B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-06-20 AU AU2003260614A patent/AU2003260614A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-06-20 US US10/519,200 patent/US7123203B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-06-20 EP EP03760761A patent/EP1516392B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-20 AT AT03760761T patent/ATE366464T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-06-20 DE DE60314751T patent/DE60314751T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-20 CA CA2489776A patent/CA2489776C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-06-20 CN CNB038144956A patent/CN100477380C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-06-20 ES ES03760761T patent/ES2289329T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-20 KR KR1020047020776A patent/KR20050036915A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-06-20 WO PCT/FR2003/001901 patent/WO2004001900A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2003-06-20 DK DK03760761T patent/DK1516392T3/da active
  • 2003-06-20 JP JP2004514964A patent/JP4167223B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-10-25 HK HK05109473.2A patent/HK1077678A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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