EP1500889B1 - Systême de contrôle d'un four pour des céramiques - Google Patents
Systême de contrôle d'un four pour des céramiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1500889B1 EP1500889B1 EP04017200A EP04017200A EP1500889B1 EP 1500889 B1 EP1500889 B1 EP 1500889B1 EP 04017200 A EP04017200 A EP 04017200A EP 04017200 A EP04017200 A EP 04017200A EP 1500889 B1 EP1500889 B1 EP 1500889B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- kiln
- ceramic products
- regulating
- row
- monitoring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D2021/0057—Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects
- F27D2021/0078—Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects against the presence of an undesirable element in the atmosphere of the furnace
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a monitoring system of a ceramics kiln, i.e. a system for checking that the products emerging from a ceramics firing kiln meet preset quality standards and for intervening to regulate the ceramics kiln, in order to eliminate possible firing defects.
- SU 426 126 A discloses an apparatus for controlling the firing process of ceramic tiles in a kiln.
- the apparatus comprises a non-planarity measurement device installed at the outlet of the kiln and connected to the temperature regulating means of the kiln. In this way, tile deformation is reduced.
- Firing ceramic products in particular ceramic tiles, is a very delicate phase of the productive process because any defects in the products that arise because of firing defects lead to product rejects or to products that are not top quality.
- monitoring of the output of a ceramics kiln is performed by specialised personnel who periodically check the quality of the ceramic products emerging from the kiln, for example, in the case of ceramic tiles, their calibre and flatness, and who adjust the regulating system of the different zones of the kiln to remedy any firing defects.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a system for automatically monitoring the output of a ceramics kiln and for regulating the kiln if irregularities are detected.
- a method for monitoring and regulating a ceramics kiln that comprises the following phases:
- an apparatus is provided as defined in claim 11.
- the system according to the invention enables human personnel to be dispensed with for monitoring output, and regulating the firing parameters of a ceramics kiln; it also enables said monitoring to be conducted much more frequently than human personnel would be able to do, thereby making it possible to remedy possible firing defects in very short spaces of time, thereby minimising product rejects due to said firing defects.
- checking dimensions and flatness occurs by means of optical scan of the products picked up at the outlet of the ceramics kiln.
- the dimensional data detected by said optical scan are compared with reference values and the results of this comparison are used to modify operating parameters of the ceramics kiln, when said dimensional data differ from said reference values by an amount that is greater than a preset amount.
- said dimensional data are sent to a data-processing unit that is suitable for interacting with the monitoring and regulating system of the ceramics kiln; alternatively, said dimensional data are sent directly to the monitoring system regulating the kiln.
- each row of said products, after optical scan and printing, is stacked in a single pile.
- 1 indicates a kiln for firing ceramic products, in particular flat ceramic products, for example a roller kiln for firing ceramic tiles, at the outlet of which a conveying line 2 is arranged for the ceramic products 4 emerging from the kiln 1 in rows 3 that are parallel to one another.
- a picking up and transfer device 5 arranged transversely to the conveying line 2, picks up at preset intervals of time a row 3 of ceramic products 4 from the conveying line 2, and transfers it by rotating it by 90° onto a further conveying line 6 along which there are arranged in succession a cooling device 7, a two-three dimensional scan device 8, a printing device 9 and a stacking device 10.
- the ceramic products 4 moving along the further conveying line 6 first pass through the cooling device 7, which lowers the temperature of the products to a preset value, for example to the value of ambient temperature, in such a way that the optical scan measurements are conducted in a substantially constant manner for the different rows of products subsequently picked up from the conveying line 2.
- the optical scan device 8 may be of the type suitable for conducting optical scan of the products 4 whilst the latter are moving along the further conveying line 6, or of the type that requires a temporary stop of each product 4 in order to be able to conduct the optical scan thereof.
- the data detected by the optical scan device are sent to a data-processing system 12 in which the data are compared with reference data to establish whether the dimensions of the sides of the ceramic product and its flatness fall within a range of values considered to be acceptable for being able to classify the products as top quality products or not.
- the data-processing system 12 intervenes on the monitoring and regulating system 13 of the kiln 1 or intervenes directly on the regulating devices installed in the kiln by varying the kiln operating parameters to eliminate the firing defects that have led to dimensional and/or flatness defects in the ceramic products 4.
- Varying the operating parameters of the kiln occurs according to preset methods that depend on the type of defect detected by the optical scan and the position of the defective product 4 or products 4 in the row 3 picked up at the outlet of the ceramics kiln 1.
- the data-processing system 12 actuates an alarm signal to request the intervention of the kiln 1 maintenance personnel, stopping if necessary the kiln and the system that supplies it.
- the alarm signal may be transmitted by modem, or telephone, to a remote control station.
- the optical scan device 8 can be operationally connected directly with the monitoring and regulating means 13 of the kiln 1. In this case the processing of the data on the optical scan will be carried out directly by said monitoring and regulating means 13.
- the ceramic products 4 After passing into the optical scan device 8, the ceramic products 4 pass through a printing device 9 by means of which data identifying the product, the time of picking up of the product from the conveying line 2, data on the dimensional parameters of the product and any indications of detected faults are printed on each product 4.
- the ceramic products 4 After passing through the printing device 9, the ceramic products 4 reach a stacking device 10 that places in a single pile 11 the products of each row 3 picked up from the conveying line 2. The piles 11 of products 4 are then taken to a storage zone, that is not shown, where they can be examined by the personnel in charge of maintenance and supervision of the system.
- Automation of the process of monitoring of the ceramic products 4 and of regulation of the kiln on the basis of said monitoring enables the time frequency to be optimised with which the monitoring is conducted in such a way as to minimise product rejects that may arise because of temporary kiln 2 malfunctions. This is particularly advantageous during night time and holiday periods of operation of the kiln 2, during which the monitoring performable by specialised personnel would be significantly less frequent, with a significant increase in the percentage of product rejects in the event of kiln 2 malfunction.
- Figure 2 illustrates a section of a ceramics kiln 1 that is particularly suitable for being used with the system according to the invention.
- the ceramics kiln 1 is equipped with a plurality of burners 15, arranged on each wall of the combustion chamber 14, in two rows, which may be staggered, one of which is distributed above the plane defined by the rollers 19 that convey the ceramic products 4 through the kiln 1 whereas the other is distributed below said plane.
- the burners 15 are of the type that produces a plurality of flames directed radially in relation to the head of the burner, i.e. directed substantially on a plane parallel to the walls of the kiln.
- the burners 15 may be of the rotating type that produces a crown of flames directed radially in relation to the head of the burner, i.e. directed substantially on a plane parallel to the walls of the kiln. This type of burner enables a more uniform temperature to be obtained in the section of the kiln, in such a way as to prevent the possibility of zones being created with noticeably different temperatures, which would negatively influence firing of the products 4.
- thermocouple 16 With each burner 15 a respective wall thermocouple 16 is associated that detects the temperature existing along the wall of the kiln, near the respective burner 15.
- thermocouple 16 is operationally connected to a respective regulating device 17 that controls regulating means 18 that regulates the supply to the respective burner 15.
- the regulating devices 17 intervene on the supply to the respective burners 15 according to the temperature values detected by the thermocouples 16 and by further known thermocouples that are not shown that are installed in such a way as to measure the temperature in the central zone of the kiln.
- the regulating devices 17 intervene by varying the supply to the burners 15 in such a way as to maintain a substantially uniform temperature inside the combustion chamber 14 of the kiln 2 on its entire section.
- the system according to the invention can be operationally connected to the regulating devices 17, to provide regulation of the temperature in the different zones of the kiln, in order to compensate for any firing defects in the products 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Claims (27)
- Méthode pour le contrôle et la régulation d'un four (1) pour des céramiques, comprenant les phases suivantes:prélèvement, à intervalles de temps prédéfinis, d'un échantillon de produits céramiques (4) émergeant du four (1);mesure des dimensions en plan et de la planéité de chacun desdits produits (4);vérification du fait que lesdites dimensions et que ladite planéité soient comprises entre des valeurs prédéfinies;modification de la régulation du four (1) si lesdites dimensions et/ou ladite planéité ne sont pas comprises entre lesdites valeurs prédéfinies.
- Méthode selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit prélèvement comprend le prélèvement d'une file de produits céramiques (4) de moyens convoyeurs (2) situés à la sortie dudit four (1), ladite file de produits (4) étant disposée transversalement sur lesdits moyens convoyeurs (2).
- Méthode selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle ladite mesure est effectuée par l'intermédiaire de moyens de scannage optique (8).
- Méthode selon n'importe laquelle des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle, entre ledit prélèvement et ladite mesure, ladite file (3) de produits céramiques (4) est pivotée de 90°.
- Méthode selon n'importe laquelle des revendications, dans laquelle, entre ledit prélèvement et ladite mesure, lesdits produits céramiques (4) sont refroidis à une température prédéfinie par des moyens de refroidissement (7).
- Méthode selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre une comparaison des données obtenues par ladite mesure avec des données prédéfinies, et une modifications des paramètres de fonctionnement du four (1) pour céramiques au moyen de moyens de régulation et de contrôle (13) du four (1) sur la base des résultats de ladite comparaison.
- Méthode selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite comparaison est effectuée par des moyens d'élaboration de données (12) qui interagissent avec lesdits moyens de contrôle et de régulation (13).
- Méthode selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite comparaison est effectuée par lesdits moyens de contrôle et de régulation (13).
- Méthode selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre, après ladite mesure, l'impression sur lesdits produits céramiques (4) de données d'identification des supports et des résultats de ladite mesure.
- Méthode selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle, après ladite impression, les supports céramiques (4) de chaque file (3) sont disposés dans une pile (11) respective.
- Dispositif de contrôle et de régulation d'un four (1) pour céramiques adapté à mettre en oeuvre la méthode selon n'importe laquelle des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (5) de prélèvement de produits céramiques (4) à la sortie dudit four (1), des moyens de refroidissement (7) desdits produits céramiques (4), des moyens de scannage optique desdits produits céramiques (4), des moyens de contrôle et de régulation (13) du four (1) pour céramiques, opérationnellement connectés auxdits moyens de scannage optique (8).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 11, dans lequel lesdits moyens de contrôle et de régulation (13) sont opérationnellement connectés auxdits moyens de scannage optique (8) par l'intermédiaire des moyens d'élaboration de données (12).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel lesdits moyens de prélèvement (5) prélèvent à chaque fois une file (3) de produits céramiques (4) sur un convoyeur (2) situé en sortie dudit four (1).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre des moyens de rotation, pour pivoter de 90° ladite file (3) de produits céramiques (4).
- Dispositif selon les revendications 11 à 14, comprenant en outre un autre convoyeur (6) pour convoyer les produits céramiques (4) prélevés par lesdits moyens de prélèvement (5).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 15, dans lequel lesdits moyens de refroidissement (7) et lesdits moyens de scannage optique (8) sont disposés le long dudit autre convoyeur (6).
- Dispositif selon les revendications 11 à 16, comprenant en outre des moyens d'impression (9) adaptés à l'impression desdits produits céramiques (4).
- Dispositif selon les revendications 11 à 17, comprenant de plus des moyens d'empilage (10) adaptés à l'empilage desdits produits céramiques (4).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 18, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'empilage (10) empilent en une seule pile. (11) une seule file (3) respective de produits céramiques (4).
- Dispositif selon les revendications 17 à 19, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'impression (9) et lesdits moyens d'empilage (10) sont disposés en succession le long de ladite autre ligne de convoyage (6) après lesdits moyens de scannage optique (8).
- Dispositif selon les revendications 11 à 20, dans lequel ledit four (1) pour céramiques comprend une chambre de combustion (14) à l'intérieur de laquelle lesdits produits céramiques (4) sont convoyés par des rouleaux motorisés (20), sur des parois opposées de ladite chambre de combustion (14) étant disposées des files de brûleurs (15), chacun desdits brûleurs (15) étant du type produisant une pluralité de flammes distribuées substantiellement sur un plan parallèle auxdites parois.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 21, dans lequel lesdits brûleurs (15) sont de type rotatif et ladite pluralité de flammes est une couronne de flammes distribuées sur ledit plan.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 21, ou 22, caractérisé en ce que sur chaque paroi de ladite chambre de combustion (14) sont disposées une première et une seconde file desdits brûleurs (15), ladite première file étant disposée au-dessus desdits rouleaux (19) et ladite seconde file étant disposée au-dessous desdits rouleaux (19).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 23, dans lequel lesdites premières et seconde files sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre.
- Dispositif selon les revendications 21 à 24, dans lequel chaque brûleur (15) est associé à un respectif thermocouple de paroi (16).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 25, dans lequel chaque thermocouple de paroi (16) est opérationnellement associé à un respectif dispositif de régulation (17) apte à interagir avec des moyens de régulation (18) adaptés pour réguler l'alimentation des respectifs brûleurs (15).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 26, dans lequel ledit dispositif de régulation (17) est opérationnellement associé auxdits moyens de contrôle et de régulation (13).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL04017200T PL1500889T3 (pl) | 2003-07-25 | 2004-07-21 | Układ monitorowania pieca do wyrobów ceramicznych |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMO20030218 | 2003-07-25 | ||
IT000218A ITMO20030218A1 (it) | 2003-07-25 | 2003-07-25 | Sistema di controllo di un forno ceramico. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1500889A1 EP1500889A1 (fr) | 2005-01-26 |
EP1500889B1 true EP1500889B1 (fr) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=30012818
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04017200A Not-in-force EP1500889B1 (fr) | 2003-07-25 | 2004-07-21 | Systême de contrôle d'un four pour des céramiques |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1500889B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE408108T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004016428D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2312889T3 (fr) |
IT (1) | ITMO20030218A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL1500889T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1500889E (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITRE20060007A1 (it) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-07-27 | Sacmi Forni Spa | Metodo e apparecchiatura per la gestione ottimizzata di un forno di cottura per piastrelle ceramiche. |
ITRE20060094A1 (it) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-29 | Sacmi Forni Spa | Forno a tunnel per manufatti ceramici |
CN101943519B (zh) * | 2009-07-08 | 2012-08-08 | 王文庭 | 砖坯自动调节装置 |
ITMO20110146A1 (it) * | 2011-06-13 | 2012-12-14 | Tck S R L | Dispositivo per modulare l'aria combustibile in impianti di combustione a gas di forni. |
CN106742382B (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳市洪涛装饰股份有限公司 | 一种可以自动检测瓷砖平整度的瓷砖包装装置 |
CN106743524B (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-06-11 | 胡珂 | 一种可以自动检测瓷砖平整度的瓷砖包装方法 |
CN106742195B (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-08-30 | 余志浩 | 一种清洁型可以自动检测瓷砖平整度的瓷砖包装装置 |
EP4241951A1 (fr) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-13 | Marazzi Group Srl | Un procédé de fabrication d'un carrelage céramique et équipement pour la fabrication d'un carrelage céramique |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4550551A (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1985-11-05 | Desantis Raymond P | Sagger loader and conveyor apparatus and method |
JPS62238329A (ja) * | 1986-04-08 | 1987-10-19 | Toshiba Corp | 連続加熱炉の炉温設定装置 |
ES2025720T3 (es) * | 1987-04-16 | 1992-04-01 | Italimpianti Societa Italiana Impianti P.A. | Horno de recalentamiento con quemadores de llama rotativa para llantas y palanquillas. |
DE4137148A1 (de) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Transtec | Verfahren zur steuerung eines tunnelofens |
DE4141050C2 (de) * | 1991-12-13 | 2000-07-27 | Lippert Masch Stahlbau J | Anlage zum Manipulieren von keramischem Gut und von Brennhilfsmitteln |
EP0781719B1 (fr) * | 1995-12-28 | 2000-09-13 | EISENMANN MASCHINENBAU KG (Komplementär: EISENMANN-Stiftung) | Dispositif et procédé pour le transport de briques perforées formées par voie humide |
DE19945686A1 (de) * | 1999-08-23 | 2001-03-08 | Siemens Ag | Anlage zur Herstellung von Keramikprodukten |
-
2003
- 2003-07-25 IT IT000218A patent/ITMO20030218A1/it unknown
-
2004
- 2004-07-21 PT PT04017200T patent/PT1500889E/pt unknown
- 2004-07-21 EP EP04017200A patent/EP1500889B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-07-21 ES ES04017200T patent/ES2312889T3/es active Active
- 2004-07-21 DE DE602004016428T patent/DE602004016428D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-21 PL PL04017200T patent/PL1500889T3/pl unknown
- 2004-07-21 AT AT04017200T patent/ATE408108T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITMO20030218A1 (it) | 2005-01-26 |
ATE408108T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
EP1500889A1 (fr) | 2005-01-26 |
PL1500889T3 (pl) | 2009-02-27 |
DE602004016428D1 (de) | 2008-10-23 |
ES2312889T3 (es) | 2009-03-01 |
ITMO20030218A0 (it) | 2003-07-25 |
PT1500889E (pt) | 2008-12-05 |
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