EP1488020B1 - Hartmetall- oder cermet-schneidwerkstoff sowie dessen verwendung - Google Patents
Hartmetall- oder cermet-schneidwerkstoff sowie dessen verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1488020B1 EP1488020B1 EP03722231A EP03722231A EP1488020B1 EP 1488020 B1 EP1488020 B1 EP 1488020B1 EP 03722231 A EP03722231 A EP 03722231A EP 03722231 A EP03722231 A EP 03722231A EP 1488020 B1 EP1488020 B1 EP 1488020B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- weight
- cutting tool
- cutting
- chromium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cutting tool made of a hard metal or cermet cutting material for machining chromium-containing metal workpieces, such as e.g. Austenitic, Ni-base alloys, stellites or steels, with a carbide, nitrides and / or carbonitride-containing hard material phase and a 3 to 25 mass% binder phase of iron, cobalt and nickel.
- chromium-containing metal workpieces such as e.g. Austenitic, Ni-base alloys, stellites or steels
- the invention further relates to a use of this cutting tool for the machining machining of metal workpieces.
- the binder serves to form a liquid phase at sintering temperature which can be in equilibrium with and wet the hard material phase.
- the liquid binder phase should have a considerable solubility for the hard material phase with the sintering temperature, but should excrete it on cooling again. Reactions of the binder phase with the hard material phase, which lead to consumption or to the degradation of the binder phase, should be avoided as far as possible.
- the binder phase should have mechanical properties which correspond to the intended use and the prevailing temperatures in such a way that the binder for a hard and tough as possible cohesion of the hard metal or cermet body leads.
- the cutting tool made of a hard metal or cermet cutting material has a binder phase with 10 mass% to 75 mass% Co, 10 mass% to 75 mass% Ni, 5 mass% to 30 mass% Cr,> 20 mass% to 60 mass% Fe, wherein the sum of the metals Co, Ni, Cr and Fe does not exceed 100%.
- the binder phase may additionally contain up to 5 mass% V, Mo and / or Al, up to the solubility limit Ti, W, Ta / Nb, Zr and / or Hf and up to 15 mass% Mn.
- oxygen, nitrogen and / or boron can be present in the binder to the maximum solubility.
- the content of carbon in the cutting material is adjusted so that there is no ⁇ and no C porosity.
- the binder phase has no hexagonal proportions.
- the cutting core of the inventive core idea that between the metal to be machined and the cutting material with respect to the Cr content no or only the smallest possible difference in the concentrations of recumbent components between the workpiece and tool is present. This is intended to minimize interdiffusion of the cobalt from the hard metal or cermet cutting material on the one hand and the alloying elements of the steel on the other hand during machining.
- the binder phase of the cutting material in addition to iron, nickel and cobalt must also contain chromium, with a good wettability of nickel and cobalt cause for the at least 10 and a maximum of 75% content in the binder phase.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schneidwerkzeug aus einem Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoff zum Zerspanen von Chrom-haltigen Metallwerkstücken, wie z.B. Austeniten, Ni-Basislegierungen, Stelliten oder Stählen, mit einer Carbide, Nitride und/oder Carbonitride enthaltenden Hartstoffphase und einer 3 bis 25 Massen%igen Binderphase aus Eisen, Cobalt und Nickel.
- Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Verwendung dieses Schneidwerkzeuges zur zerspanenden Bearbeitung von Metallwerkstücken.
- In Hartmetallen wie in Cermets dient der Binder dazu, bei Sintertemperatur eine flüssige Phase zu bilden, die im Gleichgewicht mit der Hartstoffphase bestehen und diese benetzen kann. Die flüssige Bindephase soll eine beachtliche Löslichkeit für die Hartstoffphase mit der Sintertemperatur haben, soll dieselbe jedoch beim Abkühlen wieder ausscheiden. Reaktionen der Bindephase mit der Hartstoffphase, die zur Aufzehrung bzw. zum Abbau der Binderphase führen, sollen möglichst unterbleiben. Weiterhin soll die Binderphase mechanische Eigenschaften besitzen, die dem Einsatzzweck und den hierbei herrschenden Temperaturen derart entsprechen, dass der Binder für einen möglichst harten und zähen Zusammenhalt des Hartmetall- oder Cermetkörpers führt.
- Es ist auch bereits bekannt, dass zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsfestigkeit von Hartmetallen Cr3C2 mit ca. 8 bis 18 % Nickel als Binder dienen können.
- Bei Zerspanungsoperationen wie dem Drehen, Fräsen oder Bohren von Stahlsorten, insbesondere austenitischen Stählen, ist häufig ein Verkleben des Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoffes mit dem Stahlwerkstück festzustellen, was wegen dem daraus resultierenden erhöhten Verschleiß des Schneidwerkzeuges sowie der schlechten Bearbeitungsqualität am Werkstück unerwünscht ist.
- Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Schneidwerkzeug und ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit denen dieser Nachteil behoben wird.
- Erfindungsgemäß besitzt das Schneidwerkzeug aus einem Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoff eine Binderphase mit 10 Massen% bis 75 Massen% Co, 10 Massen% bis 75 Massen% Ni, 5 Massen% bis 30 Massen% Cr, > 20 Massen% bis 60 Massen% Fe, wobei die Summe der Metalle Co, Ni, Cr und Fe 100 % nicht übersteigt. Wahlweise kann die Binderphase zusätzlich bis zu jeweils 5 Massen% V, Mo und/oder Al, bis zur Löslichkeitsgrenze Ti, W, Ta/Nb, Zr und/oder Hf sowie bis zu 15 Massen% Mn enthalten. Weiterhin können im Binder Sauerstoff, Stickstoff und/oder Bor bis zur maximalen Löslichkeit enthalten sein.
- Weiterbildungen dieses Schneidwerkzeuges sind in den Ansprüchen 2 und 3 beschrieben.
- Der Gehalt an Kohlenstoff im Schneidwerkstoff ist so eingestellt, dass keine η- und keine C-Porosität vorliegen. Vorzugsweise besitzt die Binderphase keine hexagonalen Anteile.
- Grundsätzlich liegt dem Schneidwerkzeug der erfinderische Kerngedanke zugrunde, dass zwischen dem zu bearbeitenden Metall und dem Schneidwerkstoff bezüglich des Cr-Gehaltes keine oder nur eine möglichst geringe Differenz in den Konzentrationen der Liegerungsbestandteile zwischen Werkstück und Werkzeug vorliegt. Hiermit soll eine Interdiffusion des Cobalts aus dem Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoff einerseits und den Legierungselementen des Stahles andererseits beim Zerspanen minimiert werden. Zu diesem Zweck muss die Bindephase des Schneidwerkstoffes neben Eisen, Nickel und Cobalt auch Chrom enthalten, wobei eine gute Benetzbarkeit von Nickel und Cobalt Ursache für den mindestens 10 und maximal 75 %igen Gehalt in der Binderphase ist. Anders als bei dem aus der WO 99/10549 bekannten Co-Ni-Fe-Binder mit 40 bis 90 Gew.% Cobalt, Rest Eisen und Nickel mit wenigstens 4 Gew.%, aber nicht mehr als 36 Gew.% Nickel bzw. Eisen, wobei das Verhältnis Ni/Fe zwischen 1,5 : 1 bis 1 : 1,5 liegen soll, ist bei dem vorliegenden Werkstoff zum Zerspanen Cr zwingend im Binder enthalten. Anders als eine Cobalt-Binderphase mit einer hexagonalen Struktur, bildet sich bei dem beschriebenen Binder eine fcc-Struktur aus. Allerdings kann die Klebneigung des Schneidwerkstoffes nur bei signifikanten Cr-Gehalten im Binder vermieden werden.
- Obwohl die Mechanismen der Reaktionen und Wechselwirkungen zwischen den im Stahl enthaltenen Metallen und Kohlenstoff sehr komplex sind, hat sich überraschenderweise beim Zerspanen von Cr-haltigen Metallwerkstücken mittels eines Schneidwerkstoffes gezeigt, dass optimale Ergebnisse dann erzielt werden konnten, wenn der Cr-Anteil in der Binderphase des Schneidwerkstoffes dem Cr-Anteil in dem Werkstückstoff annähernd gleich ist.
Claims (5)
- Schneidwerkzeug aus einem Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoff zum Zerspanen von Chrom-legierten Stahlwerkstücken, mit einer Carbide, Nitride und/oder Carbonitride enthaltenden Hartstoffphase und einer Binderphase aus Eisen, Cobalt und Nickel,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Binderphase aus den folgenden Elementen besteht: 10 Massen% bis 75 Massen% Co, 10 Massen% bis 75 Massen% Ni, 5 Massen% bis 30 Massen% Cr, > 20 Massen% bis 60 Massen% Fe wahlweise zusätzlich bis zu jeweils 5 Massen% V, Mo und/oder Al, bis zur maximalen Löslichkeit Ti, W, Ta/Nb und/oder bis zu 15 Massen% Mn und/oder weiterhin wahlweise O, N und/oder B bis zur maximalen Löslichkeit. - Schneidwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der C-Gehalt im Schneidwerkstoff so eingestellt sind, dass keine η-Phase und keine C-Porosität vorliegen.
- Schneidwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Binderphase keine_hexagonalen Anteile besitzt.
- Verwendung des Schneidwerkzeuges nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 zur zerspanenden Bearbeitung von Stahlwerkstücken, vorzugsweise von Werkstücken aus Cr-haltigen Legierungen.
- Verwendung eines Schneidwerkzeuges nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zur zerspanenden Bearbeitung von chromhaltigen Metallwerkstücken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Chrom-Anteil in der Binderphase des Schneidwerkzeuges nicht größer ist als der Chrom-Anteil in der Stahllegierung des Werkstückes.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10213963A DE10213963A1 (de) | 2002-03-28 | 2002-03-28 | Hartmetall- oder Cermet-Schneidwerkstoff sowie Verfahren zur zerspanenden Bearbeitung von Cr-haltigen Metallwerkstücken |
| DE10213963 | 2002-03-28 | ||
| PCT/DE2003/000946 WO2003083149A1 (de) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-03-21 | Hartmetall-oder cermet-schneidwerstoff sowie dessen verwendung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1488020A1 EP1488020A1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
| EP1488020B1 true EP1488020B1 (de) | 2006-08-02 |
Family
ID=27816033
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03722231A Expired - Lifetime EP1488020B1 (de) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-03-21 | Hartmetall- oder cermet-schneidwerkstoff sowie dessen verwendung |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050115742A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1488020B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005521790A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE335093T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10213963A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2270016T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003083149A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007047312A1 (de) | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Werkzeug |
| EP2527480A1 (de) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | H.C. Starck GmbH | NiFe-Binder mit universeller Einsetzbarkeit |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT8346U1 (de) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-06-15 | Ceratitzit Austria Ges M B H | Beschichtetes werkzeug |
| US20120107603A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | General Electric Company | Article formed using nanostructured ferritic alloy |
| JP5999362B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-09-28 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
| JP6315197B2 (ja) | 2014-09-26 | 2018-04-25 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 複合焼結体切削工具 |
| WO2016104620A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-06-30 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 複合焼結体切削工具および表面被覆複合焼結体切削工具 |
| JP6614491B2 (ja) | 2014-12-25 | 2019-12-04 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 複合焼結体切削工具および表面被覆複合焼結体切削工具 |
| CN106834809A (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 南京理工大学 | 一种以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2107884A1 (de) * | 1970-02-18 | 1971-11-25 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Verbundkörper von hoher Festigkeit auf der Grundlage von metaUverbundenem Wolframcarbid |
| SE420844B (sv) * | 1979-05-17 | 1981-11-02 | Sandvik Ab | Sintrad hardmetall av nickelbaserad bindemetall och volframkarbid |
| US5057147A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-10-15 | Gte Products Corporation | Method for preparation of WC-NI grade powder |
| SE9100227D0 (sv) * | 1991-01-25 | 1991-01-25 | Sandvik Ab | Corrosion resistant cemented carbide |
| SE513978C2 (sv) * | 1994-12-30 | 2000-12-04 | Sandvik Ab | Belagt hårdmetallskär för skärande metallbearbetning |
| US6024776A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-02-15 | Kennametal Inc. | Cermet having a binder with improved plasticity |
| SE519235C2 (sv) * | 1999-01-29 | 2003-02-04 | Seco Tools Ab | Hårdmetall med härbar bindefas |
| US6554548B1 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2003-04-29 | Kennametal Inc. | Chromium-containing cemented carbide body having a surface zone of binder enrichment |
| SE522571C2 (sv) * | 2001-02-08 | 2004-02-17 | Sandvik Ab | Tätningsringar av hårdmetall för dricksvattenstillämpningar |
-
2002
- 2002-03-28 DE DE10213963A patent/DE10213963A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-21 US US10/509,304 patent/US20050115742A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-21 JP JP2003580582A patent/JP2005521790A/ja active Pending
- 2003-03-21 DE DE50304470T patent/DE50304470D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-21 AT AT03722231T patent/ATE335093T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-21 ES ES03722231T patent/ES2270016T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-21 EP EP03722231A patent/EP1488020B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-21 WO PCT/DE2003/000946 patent/WO2003083149A1/de active IP Right Grant
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007047312A1 (de) | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Werkzeug |
| EP2527480A1 (de) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | H.C. Starck GmbH | NiFe-Binder mit universeller Einsetzbarkeit |
| WO2012163804A1 (de) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-12-06 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | FeNi-BINDER MIT UNIVERSELLER EINSETZBARKEIT |
| US9821372B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2017-11-21 | H. C. Starck Gmbh | FeNi binder having universal usability |
| US11207730B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2021-12-28 | Höganäs Germany GmbH | FeNi binder having universal usability |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10213963A1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
| US20050115742A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| WO2003083149A1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
| JP2005521790A (ja) | 2005-07-21 |
| EP1488020A1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
| DE50304470D1 (de) | 2006-09-14 |
| ATE335093T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
| ES2270016T3 (es) | 2007-04-01 |
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