EP1476643A1

EP1476643A1 - Valve control

Info

Publication number: EP1476643A1
Application number: EP04703749A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin Lechner; Falk Schneider
Original assignee: Mahle Ventiltrieb GmbH
Current assignee: Mahle Ventiltrieb GmbH
Priority date: 2003-01-30
Filing date: 2004-01-21
Publication date: 2004-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2024-01-21
Also published as: US7299774B2; EP1476643B1; US20050211202A1; DE10303601A1; CN1717535A; JP2006517016A; DE502004000456D1; CN100458107C; JP4440253B2; WO2004067922A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve control for actuating at least one valve (6), especially an inlet or outlet valve of an internal combustion engine, wherein the dimension of the valve lift of the at least one valve (6) corresponds to a superposition of two cam profiles (1, 2) which can be adjusted in phases in relation to each other and are displaced synchronously. The aim of the invention is to improve the construction and functioning of said valve control. As a result, a guiding means between an intermediate element (4) and the first cam profile (1) is embodied as third cam profile (3) which is formed in a complementary manner with respect to the first cam profile (1) and rotates in a synchronous manner therewith.

Description

valve control

The invention relates to a valve control for actuating at least one valve, in particular an intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such valve controls are known, for example, in principle from DE-PS 119741, GB-PS 170877, GB-PS 654240, DE 3531000 AI and GB 2180597 A. In such controls, a valve lift is only achieved when the intermediate element is actuated by both cam profiles. The resulting valve lift corresponds to the sum function of both cam profiles. The duration of the opening and the valve lift can be changed by shifting the cams in phase.

GB 2180597 A, for example, shows the way in which the valve lift and the opening duration can be set in such controls. A particular disadvantage of these solutions is that, in the times without valve lift, in contrast to the standard valve lift, between the intermediate element and a cam profile or between the valve and the actuator has a very large game that normally corresponds to the valve lift of a cam.

Due to such a game, it is necessary to provide a stop for the freedom of movement of the stroke actuating element in order to ensure the necessary clearance (play) for the one cam profile, which can be, for example, the closing cam profile, when using an automatic game compensation element. On the other hand, suitable means can be used to try to keep both cam profiles always in engagement with the intermediate lever, as is the case with a solution according to GB 2180597 A. The game is there between the stroke actuator and the intermediate element and uss to be bridged with every movement. In such systems, a force, for example a spring force, is always required in order to rule out undefined intermediate positions of the stroke actuating element in dynamic operation. Corresponding solutions are shown in DE 19802738 AI and EP 1022443 B1.

By arranging a stop, as shown for example in the device according to DE 19802738 AI, it is possible to implement a stop for the movement of the stroke actuating element with the intermediate element without an additional device arranged in the cylinder head, in that the intermediate lever has a support contour mounted concentrically to the movement axis is supported on the camshaft. It is possible to use a conventional hydraulic lash adjuster. An attempt to create a backlash-free arrangement is shown in US 5178105. The two cam profiles are designed with very long, oppositely designed ramps to enable play-free operation in the adjustment range. Due to the geometric boundary conditions, however, the adjustment range is relatively limited, which means that valve lift actuation is not possible for a valve control that is throttle-free in an internal combustion engine.

The invention is concerned with the problem of improving the aforementioned disadvantages of large play, difficult automatic play compensation and the need for a pressing force in the direction of a cam profile on the one hand or a very limited adjustment range on the other hand and at the same time to provide a generic valve control with which a “throttle-free load control "is easily possible with an internal combustion engine of a particular vehicle.

A solution according to the invention of this complex of problems shows a generic valve control according to the characterizing feature of patent claim 1.

Advantageous and expedient embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. The invention is based on the general idea that the guiding area of the intermediate element, which should contact one of the two cam profiles without lifting, feed and use an additional, moving cam profile for this.

In an embodiment according to claim 2, in which all, a total of three, cam profiles are arranged in a basic circle-concentric manner on an adjusting camshaft, no additional stop for the intermediate element is necessary when using a conventional hydraulic valve lash adjuster element. Rather, the intermediate element is clamped continuously without play between the cam profiles on the one hand and the stroke actuating element on the other hand.

Particularly advantageous and expedient exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing with the exception of FIG. 1, which shows the prior art.

In this show

1 shows a variable valve control with two camshafts according to the prior art according to EP 1 022 443 B1,

2.2A shows a first basic embodiment of a valve control according to the invention with three separate cam profiles on three separate cam shafts in two different configurations, 3 shows a second embodiment of the valve control with an adjusting camshaft with three cam profiles in the roll tap and an axle bearing of the intermediate element relative to a stroke actuating element of the valve,

4 shows a third form of valve control, in which, compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, instead of the roller tap on the cam profiles, a sliding tap and instead of the axle bearing of the intermediate element, a spherical-spherical bearing is provided,

4A shows a section through an area of the valve control according to the line IVA - IVA in FIG. 4,

4B shows a section through an area of the valve control according to the line IVB - IVB in FIG. 4,

5 shows an embodiment of the valve control according to the basic principle according to FIG. 4 with a rolling tap on the cam profiles instead of the sliding tap in FIG. 4,

5A shows a section through an area of the valve control according to the line VA-VA in FIG. 5,

5B shows a section through an area of the valve control according to the line VB - VB in FIG. 5, 5C shows an alternative embodiment to the variant according to FIG. 5B,

6 shows a further embodiment of the valve control in accordance with the basic principle according to FIG. 3 with a rolling tap on the cam profiles and a linearly displaceable mounting of the intermediate element on the stroke actuating element,

7 shows a modification of the control device according to FIG. 6 by replacing the rolling tap on the cam profiles by a sliding tap,

8 shows a three-dimensional representation of the valve control according to FIG. 4,

9 is a three-dimensional representation of the valve control in FIG. 7,

10 shows a valve control with elements according to the invention for actuating a pair of valves with a connecting line of the center points of the openings of the two valves of this pair which is inclined to a camshaft axis,

11 shows a special embodiment of a valve control with elements according to the invention for actuating a pair of valves in section, for example in an embodiment according to FIG. 10. State-of-the-art valve control in FIG. 1

Two synchronously rotating and phase-adjustable camshafts with a first and second cam profile 1 or 2 actuate an intermediate element 4 designed as a lever with two contact rollers, which transmits the total movement via a bearing axis to a lever serving as a stroke actuating element 5, which lever via a play compensation device 9 Valve 6 actuated. The stroke actuating element 5 is pressed against a stop 8 in the zero stroke phase by the force of the play compensation device 9. A spring 7 ensures that the intermediate element 4 is always in contact with the contact roller as the first guide region 111 of the intermediate element 4 and the first cam profile 1. In the base circle phase, play is present between the second cam profile 2 and the corresponding contact roller as the second guide area 222 of the intermediate element 4. A valve lift is only possible if both cam profiles 1, 2 are in contact with the intermediate element 4 at the same time. The valve opening is usually achieved by one of the two camshafts, while the second camshaft must be in the stroke position. The closing movement is then achieved by the transition from the stroke position to a base circle phase on the second camshaft with the second cam profile 2. By adjusting the phase of the two camshafts with the two cam profiles 1, 2 against each other, the valve lift and the opening duration can be varied. Embodiments according to the invention

Parts with the same function are given the same reference numbers in all figures of the drawing.

The basic structure of the embodiment according to the invention according to FIG. 2 corresponds to that according to FIG. 1. The most important difference is that the function of the spring 7 in the embodiment according to the invention is taken over by a third camshaft with a third cam profile 3. This third cam profile 3 causes the first guide area 111 of the intermediate element 4 to be guided while maintaining continuous contacting of the first guide area 111 on the first cam profile 1. The hydraulic play compensation element 9 presses the stroke actuating element 5 against an adjustable stop 8. Depending on the position of the individual cam profiles 1 to 3 to each other, the valve 6 is actuated via the intermediate element 4 by the two camshafts with the first or second cam profile 1, 2 or the intermediate element 4 is positively guided between the cam profiles 1 and 3 of the camshafts concerned, the stroke actuating element 5 and the valve 6 not be moved. In this phase, play occurs between the camshaft with the second cam profile 2 and the roller as the second guide region 222 on the intermediate element 4.

In an improved variant according to FIG. 2A, in addition to the return spring 7 from the prior art, it is also possible to NEN still necessary in the execution of FIG. 2 according to the prior art stop. This is achieved in the embodiment according to FIG. 2A by arranging the camshaft with the third cam profile 3 on the side of the intermediate element 4, on which the guide area 222 can be contacted together with the second cam profile 2. A stop 8 is not available in this version.

3, the three cam profiles 1, 2, 3 are arranged concentrically on a common camshaft. In order to be able to achieve a phase adjustment, the second cam profile 2 is phase adjustable in relation to the other two cam profiles 1 and 3, which are firmly connected to the camshaft. This phase adjustment can be achieved with the constructive measures customary for this in the prior art. A known embodiment consists, for example, in attaching the cam profiles to be adjusted relative to one another on concentrically arranged camshafts that can be rotated relative to one another, for which purpose the outer camshaft has radial recesses for the cam profiles connected to the internal shaft.

3, the actuating movement of the camshaft is transmitted to the intermediate element 4 on the one hand by the first cam profile 1, which cooperates exclusively with the first guide area 111 of the intermediate element and on the second and third cam profile, these two last-mentioned cam profiles 2, 3 alternate cooperate exclusively with the second guide area 222 of the intermediate element 4. The positive control of the cam profile 1 is given by the design of the third cam profile 3 as a complementary profile to the first cam profile 1. With a phase shift of the second cam profile 2 with respect to the rest of the camshaft with the cam profiles 1, 3, a changed superimposition of the cam profiles results in a changed movement of the intermediate element 4 and thus a variation in the valve lift generated and the opening time for the valve 6. During a valve opening phase due to the cam profiles 1, 2, there is no contact between the third cam profile 3 and the intermediate element 4.

4 has a structure which is fundamentally comparable with the embodiment according to FIG. 3. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, however, in contrast to that according to FIG. 3, the movement of the cam profiles 1 to 3 is not transmitted to the intermediate element 4 by means of rolling contacts, but via sliding contacts. This intermediate element 4 is in contact with a stroke actuating element 5, through which the valve 6 is actuated, via a spherical cap bearing 100. The power transmission system consisting of the stroke actuating element 5 and the intermediate element 4 is held without play between the first and third cam profiles 1, 3 and the valve 6 via the play compensation element 9. The contours of the first and second guide regions 111, 222 of the intermediate element 4 in its embodiment according to FIG. 4 are shown in the sections according to FIGS. 4A and 4B. There it can be seen how a very simple and space-saving solution is possible through the arrangement of the cam profiles 1 to 3 and the shape of the intermediate element 4. 4A, the contact area for the cam profiles 2 and 3 is in an inner section 11 of the intermediate element 5 and takes place alternately between the second cam profile 2 (here, locking cams) and the divided third cam profile 3 (reset cams). The divided first cam profile 1 (here opening cams) has sufficient clearance and does not contact the intermediate element 4 in its second guide area 222.

In FIG. 4B, the arrangement is reversed, the split cam profile 1 (here opening cams) actuates the intermediate element 4 in the outer regions 12 and 13, the two cam profiles 2 and 3 not touching the intermediate element 4.

5 corresponds essentially to that of FIG. 4 with the difference that, on the one hand, the cam profiles 1 to 3 are tapped and that, on the other hand, the intermediate element 4 is connected to the stroke actuating element 5 via an axle bearing 101. The sections in FIGS. 5A, 5B show that a roller 14 provided in the first guide region 111 of the intermediate element 4 can alternately be in contact with the cam profiles 2 and 3, not shown. 5B, it can also be seen how the second guide sections 222 of the intermediate element 4 are designed as rollers for a roll tap. This applies to the embodiment according to FIG. 5C Same. Here, only the bearings of the rollers are shaped or stamped differently from the material of the intermediate element 4.

Fig. 6 shows a very simple and space-saving valve control. The intermediate element 4 is in sliding contact with a plunger component 10 as a special design of a stroke actuating element 5 via an adjusting plate 17, which can be made of ceramic, for example. The mounting of the intermediate element 4 in the direction of the axis of the camshaft with the cam profiles 1 to 3 is achieved by opposite side walls 15 of the intermediate element 4 by these abutting the associated base bodies of the cam profiles 1 to 3 as abutments. Instead of opposite side walls 15 of the intermediate element 4, the intermediate element 4 can be formed in any inner region with a guide wall engaging between the cam profiles as a counter bearing.

As an alternative to setting the game using the setting plate 17, plungers with different thicknesses can also be used for setting the game.

7, the roller tap on the cam profiles 1 to 3 is replaced by a sliding tap. The adjusting plate 17 as a stroke actuating element 5 is arranged directly between the valve 6 and the intermediate element 4. The plunger 10 serving only as a guide element is held without play on the adjusting plate 17 via an elastic additional support 16.

10 relates to a valve control with elements according to the invention for actuating a pair of valves with a pivot axis 19 of the stroke transmission element 5 which is inclined to a camshaft axis. This valve arrangement is referred to below as "axis-twisted". Such a valve control can be carried out by a transmission device, 4, 5 and in particular 8 and a stroke actuating element 5 according to, for example, Fig. 8. While in the embodiment according to Fig. 8 a "third cam profile 3" according to the invention on the common camshaft is present, such with regard to the advantages of such a device in an application with “axially twisted” valves can basically be absent, as the embodiment in FIG. 10 shows. In the absence of the “third cam profile 3” according to the invention, to ensure permanent contact from Intermediate element 4 with a cam profile 1, 2 requires a spring 7 in the sense of the prior art according to FIG. 1 within the transmission device between the camshaft and valves. This spring 7 is present in the device according to FIG. 10, but cannot be seen as lying behind the intermediate element 4 in the drawing. A ball-spherical bearing 100 between the intermediate element 4 and the stroke actuating element 5 is decisive for the function of the device according to FIG. 10 Actuating forces are transmitted from one camshaft to two “axially twisted” valves. In extreme cases, the directional deviation can reach up to 90 °. The spherical-spherical bearing 100 can cause the tilting movement of the intermediate element 4 due to the cam actuation as well as the relative movement during the valve lift the different directions of the axes 18 of the camshaft and the pivot axis 19 of the intermediate element 4 can be easily compensated for together with the stroke actuating element 5. In the embodiment according to FIG Valve bridge can be dispensed with.

With regard to the intermediate element 4 and the stroke actuating element 5, the embodiment according to FIG. 11 basically has the same structure as the embodiment according to FIG. 10. In particular, in FIG. 11 the spring required in accordance with the known prior art in the absence of the “third cam profile” according to the invention 7 - the illustration of which is not recognizable in Fig. 10 - drawn in a special form of a bearing, which is formed by means of abutments 21 and 22 molded into the intermediate element 4 and the stroke actuating element 5 such that these two parts 4, 5 are not yet in form a transportable assembly in the assembled state in which they can be installed in the controller.

The abutments 21, 22 can be formed in particular on the intermediate element 4 such that for the intermediate rule element 4 is achieved by the abutment 21 opposite axial side walls 20 of a slot 23, an axial guidance of the intermediate element 4.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 11, a stop 24 is provided on the intermediate element 4 as a contact area formed concentrically to the axis of rotation of the intermediate element 4 in the sense of the stop 8 according to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order in particular in the case of a missing “third cam profile” to be able to provide automatic valve clearance compensation 9.

10 and 11, the first and second cam profiles 1 and 2 can be phase-shifted with respect to one another.

At this point, it is expressly emphasized again that the embodiments with a missing “third cam profile” according to FIGS. 10 and 11 are only a generalization of the embodiment according to the invention with a “third cam profile” according to FIG. 8 in particular, in order to illustrate the advantages of a camshaft With the first and second cam profile in the sense of the invention, the use of an intermediate element 4 connected to a stroke actuating element 5 by means of a spherical-spherical bearing 100 in a “axially twisted” valve arrangement can basically be achieved.

All of the functional principles shown are only examples and can also be combined with one another as desired. The valve control principle according to the invention can preferably be used for the actuation of one or more valves with a cam package.

Claims

Expectations

1. Valve control for actuating at least one valve (6), in particular an intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine, in the

- The dimension of the valve lift of the at least one valve (6) corresponds to a superimposition of two synchronously moved cam profiles (1, 2),

- one of these two cam profiles (1; 2) mainly determines the valve opening and the other cam profile (2; 1) mainly determines the valve closing area,

- The two cam profiles (1, 2) are phase-adjustable relative to one another,

- Can be varied by the phase shift of the valve lift and the opening time of the at least one valve (6),

- the two cam profiles (1; 2) determine the valve lift via an intermediate element (4) acting on a stroke actuating element (5) of the valve (6),

- Two guide areas of the intermediate element (4), namely a first guide area (111) contacts a first of the two cam profiles (1) in all rotational positions, while this in the second cam profile (2) compared to the second guide area (222) at least in one nem part of the base circle area of this second cam profile (2) does not apply, - by means of a guide means there is permanent contact of the first guide area (111) of the intermediate element (4) on the first cam profile (1), characterized in that the guide means as a third, a third cam profile (3) that is complementary in shape to the first cam profile (1) and that rotates synchronously with this first cam profile (1).

2. Valve control according to claim 1, characterized in that all three cam profiles (1, 2, 3) are arranged in a basic circle on a common adjusting camshaft.

3. Valve control according to claim 2, characterized in that only the second cam profile (2) is phase adjustable.

4. Valve control according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the intermediate element (4) engages around the camshaft with the cam profiles (1 to 3) in a V-shape from the outside with first and second guide regions (111, 222) provided at the ends, wherein the first cam profile (1) exclusively contacts the first guide area (111) and that The second and third cam profiles only contact the second guide area (222) alternately with one another.

5. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that only a single second guide area (222) for alternately guiding the second and third cam profile (2, 3) is provided.

6. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the intermediate element (4) relative to the stroke actuating element (5) is linearly displaceably mounted.

7. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate element (4) relative to the stroke actuating element (5) is pivotally mounted about an axis.

8. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate element (4) via a spherical-spherical bearing (100) is connected to the stroke actuating element (5).

9. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that at least the base body of one of the cam profiles (1 to 3) as for the intermediate element (4) in the direction of rotation axis of the cam profiles (1 to 3) serving axial guide bearing is formed.

10. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the cam profiles (1 to 3) is designed in two parts in the form of two narrow cam webs located at a certain distance.

11. Valve control according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one of the remaining cam profiles (1 to 3) is arranged between the two narrow cam webs.

12. Valve control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hydraulic valve compensation element (9) cooperates with the stroke actuating element (5) of the valve (6) to compensate for play.

13. Valve control according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized gekennz ichnet that the intermediate element (4) is a lever formed from sheet metal, which is executed in section W- or staircase-shaped, in addition to the necessary rigidity, the clearance for each in Ensure that the cam profiles (1 - 3) are engaged.

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