EP1470261B1 - Sinterfähige metallpulvermischung zur herstellung gesinterter bauteile - Google Patents
Sinterfähige metallpulvermischung zur herstellung gesinterter bauteile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1470261B1 EP1470261B1 EP02806652A EP02806652A EP1470261B1 EP 1470261 B1 EP1470261 B1 EP 1470261B1 EP 02806652 A EP02806652 A EP 02806652A EP 02806652 A EP02806652 A EP 02806652A EP 1470261 B1 EP1470261 B1 EP 1470261B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder mixture
- powder
- sinterable
- sintered
- metals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000754 repressing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001522319 Chloris chloris Species 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 C 2 -C 5 -alkenes Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 101150077981 groEL gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/026—Mold wall lubrication or article surface lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sinterable powder mixture for Production of sintered components, in particular for the automotive industry, based on an Al powder, and produced therefrom sintered components and a method of manufacture such components.
- Aluminum is one due to its special properties preferred material, especially in the space industry and automotive industry. Made of aluminum or aluminum Materials produced components are compared with conventional, for example made of cast iron components, much easier. By reducing the weight are an increase for example in automobiles the efficiency and a reduction in fuel consumption and to achieve an improvement in exhaust emissions.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a powder mixture and components produced therefrom and corresponding To provide methods which are the aforementioned Do not have disadvantages.
- a sinterable Powder mixture for the production of sintered components comprising 60 to 98.5 Gew%, based on the total amount of the powder mixture, preferred 75 to 92% by weight, of an Al base powder of metals and / or their alloys, including Al and optionally containing at least one of the following metals :, 0,2 to 30 wt% Mg, 0.2 to 40 wt% Si, 0.2 to 15 wt% Cu, 0.2 to 15 wt% Zn, 0.2 to 15 wt% Ti, 0.2 to 10 wt% Sn, 0.2 up to 5% by weight of Mn, 0.2 to 10% by weight of Ni and / or less than 1% by weight As, Sb, Co.
- a metal powder selected from a first group of metals and / or their Alloys consisting of Mo and / or W, and optionally one second group of metals and / or their alloys consisting of Cu, Sn, Zn, Li and / or Mg.
- the Powder mixture manufactured powder metallurgical components be, which have a very high hardness.
- the values for the hardness is selected for components made with a powder from the first group of metals and / or their alloys, are compared to those without adding this first group of metals and / or their alloys by 5 increased to 35%, preferably 10 to 25%.
- adding the first group of metals and / or their alloys to one Al base powder is in particular the by the pressing process, in particular the re-compaction, caused cold welding the particles improved with each other. hereby Eventually, the diffusion of the individual particles will also occur during the single sintering process, thereby improving Components with higher strength values and higher hardness to be obtained.
- the sinterable powder mixture further comprises the aforementioned second group of metals and / or their alloys, consisting of Cu, Sn, Zn, Li and / or Mg.
- the aforementioned second group of metals and / or their Alloys probably causes, especially during the pressing process, in particular during the densification, with the Al base powder an alloy and / or intermetallic Phase is formed. As a result, the training of Oxide skins on the surface of the used.
- Al base powder obstructed.
- the second group of metals and / or their alloys in one at least partially liquid state at the sintering temperature over, causing the connection in particular of the first group of metals and / or their alloys to the aluminum base powder improved becomes.
- the ratio of the amount of the first group of metals and / or their alloys to that of second group in the powder mixture in a range of 1: 8 to 15: 1 parts by weight.
- In such Mixing ratios will provide maximum connectivity Metals and / or alloys of the first group to the Al-base powder achieved. This can be done with the powder mixture Components are obtained with high hardness.
- the Al base powder contains 0.2 to 15% by weight of Mg, 0.2 to 16 wt% Si, 0.2 to 10 wt% Cu and / or 0.2 to 15 wt% Zn, based in each case on the total amount of Al-based powder on.
- the second group of metals and / or their alloys Cu, Zn and / or Sn.
- the sinterable powder mixture comprises lubricant in an amount of 0.2 to 5 wt%, based on the total amount of the powder mixture.
- lubricants may be self-lubricating agents such as MoS 2 , WS 2 , BN, MnS, graphite and / or other carbon modifications such as coke, polarized graphite or the like.
- 1 to 3% by weight of lubricant is added to the sinterable powder mixture.
- the sinterable powder mixture can further binders and / or lubricants. These are preferably selected from a group comprising polyvinyl acetates, waxes, in particular amide waxes such as ethylenebisstearoylamide, shellac, Polyalkylene oxides and / or polyglycols. polyalkylene and / or glycols are preferably used as polymers and / or Copolymers with average molecular weights in a range from 100 to 500,000 g / mol, preferably from 1,000 to 3,500 g / mol, more preferably 3,000 to 6,500 g / mol. used.
- the means are preferably in an amount in a range of about 0.01 to 12% by weight, preferably in a range of 0.5 to 5 % By weight, more preferably 0.6 to 1.8% by weight, in each case on the total amount of the powder mixture used.
- the bandage- and / or lubricants also facilitate the removal of the components produced from the sinterable powder mixture from the mold.
- the powder mixture can be made by mixing the individual ingredients with usual equipment such as tumble mixers both in the heat (warm mixing) as well as at room temperature (cold mixing) are prepared, with the warmth preferred is.
- the present invention relates to a sintered component, produced according to the inventive method.
- Such sintered components according to the invention have strength values and hardnesses which are significantly higher than those which have been produced by conventional methods.
- the sintered components according to the invention preferably have a tensile strength of at least 140 N / mm 2 , measured in accordance with DIN EN 10002-1. More preferably, the tensile strength is more than 200 N / mm 2 , more preferably more than 300 N / mm 2 .
- the sintered components of the invention has an elastic modulus of at least 70 kN / mm 2, measured according to DIN EN 10002-1, on which more preferably groE ß e r 80 kN / mm 2.
- the inventive sintered components have a hardness (HB 2.5 / 62.5 kg) of at least 100, measured in accordance with DIN EN 24498-1, on.
- the Hardness is more preferably greater than 110, more preferably greater than 125.
- the sintered Component designed as a gear, impeller, in particular ⁇ lpumpenrad, and / or connecting rod and / or rotor set.
- composite parts wherein the main body such a composite part, for example, from a aluminum-containing powder mixture can be prepared and the body further connected to the main body of one further material, such as iron or cast steel, sintered or solid, or solid cast aluminum.
- the composite part for example, only on the front pages or its surface a sintered layer of one aluminum-containing powder mixture, whereas the main body of, for example, steel or cast iron, sintered or massive, is.
- the sintered components can thereby calibrated and / or cured in the heat.
- the process according to the invention has the great advantage that by the already achieved in the third step high density Before the actual sintering components can be produced, which on the one hand excellent strength values, on the other hand also have very high densities and hardnesses.
- the according to the inventive method followed by densification of the sintering step subsequent usual post-processing steps such as calibration and / or curing by aging in the Heat can be shortened considerably, or if necessary the usual afterburning or the calibration omitted become. This shortening of the whole process becomes one Productivity increase and thus an economic advantage reached.
- the present on the surface of the material used oxide layers are mechanically broken, whereby a better cold welding during the pressing process between the individual material particles is achieved. Furthermore, this also improves the diffusion during the actual sintering process of the individual material particles. As a result, components with increased strength values and in particular higher hardness can be obtained.
- the pressing process carried out in the second and third step of the process according to the invention can be carried out both at elevated temperature, in particular with the addition of the abovementioned agents, in particular polyethylene glycols (hot pressing), but also at room temperature (cold pressing), as well as via vibration compression.
- Vibratory compression is understood here to mean a process in which, during the pressing process, at least at times an oscillation superimposes the pressing process, wherein the vibration can be introduced, for example, via at least one pressing ram.
- Al-based sinterable powder mixtures may also contain high melting components such as platinum or the like.
- the powder used and its particle size are dependent on the respective application.
- the sinterable material may be wholly or partly made of short fibers or fibers, preferably fibers with diameters between about 0.1 and 250 microns and a length of a few microns to millimeters in size, up to 50 mm such as metal fiber fleece.
- the sinterable material is applied to the base body by conventional methods
- WPS Wet Powder Spraying
- Particularly preferred solvents are selected from a group comprising water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, terpenes, C 2 -C 5 -alkenes, toluene, trichlorethylene, diethyl ether and / or C 1 -C 6 -aldehydes and / or ketones. Preference is given to solvents which are vaporizable at temperatures below 100 ° C.
- the amount of the solvents used is in a range of about 40 to 70% by weight, based on the sinterable powder mixture used, preferably in a range of about 50 to 65% by weight.
- the third-stage post-compaction (which can also be called intermediate compression) can by the pressing of a greenware usual and well-known procedures be made.
- a greenware usual and well-known procedures be made.
- the second Step pressed green body again into a usual matrix form introduced and in this at least partially by appropriate Preßstempel be compacted.
- the green compact is dewaxed in a further step before the third step.
- the dewaxing is preferably carried out under nitrogen, hydrogen, air and / or mixtures of said gases, in particular with targeted air supply.
- the dewaxing can be done with endogas and / or exogas, but also in vacuum.
- the dewaxing can preferably be effected by superimposed microwaves and / or ultrasound, or else only by microwaves for temperature control.
- the dewaxing can also be carried out via solvents such as alcohol or the like or supercritical carbon dioxide with or without the action of temperature, microwaves or ultrasound or a combination of the abovementioned methods.
- a density is achieved which is about 2 to about 40% higher than that before the recompression, preferably 5 to 30%, more preferably 15 to 25%.
- green compacts having an initial density in a range of 2.1 to 2.5 g / cm 3 , preferably 2.2 to 2.4 g / cm 3 , more preferably 2.25 to 2.38 g / cm 3 , measured according to DIN ISO 2738, pressed.
- the optionally dewaxed green compact is introduced before introduction of the green compact sprayed with a lubricant. It The dewaxed green compact can also be soaked in lubricant become. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous that the sintering process in the fourth step under nitrogen with a dew point less than -40 ° C, preferably less than -50 ° C, is performed. In this case, the sintering is preferably carried out under pure nitrogen.
- the sintering at a corresponding density and / or composition of the green body also under air, hydrogen, Mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen with or without targeted air supply, endogas, exogas or in a vacuum be performed, wherein the sintering by superimposed microwaves or via microwaves for temperature control can be done.
- the sintering step may preferably be followed by an optional one necessary heat treatment, in particular a homogenization annealing, be connected.
- the heat treatment depending on the chemical composition of the obtained component.
- the sintered component also starting from the sintering or homogenizing annealing temperature preferably in water or via a gas-fired cooling be deterred.
- an additional surface compaction more generally: an introduction of residual compressive stresses in surface areas, by sand or shot peening, rolling or the like is possible.
- a calibration can be carried out before or after the homogenization annealing.
- the calibration is carried out at room temperature or elevated temperature up to the forging temperature, even using pressures up to 900 N / mm 2 .
- the calibration can be made even above the solidus line, in which case the component can also be removed directly from the sintering heat.
- the calibration and / or forging tools used for calibration can be completely or partially conical be, whereby on certain areas of the components particularly high densities can be achieved.
- the temperature of the Calibration and / or forging tools can depend on of the component to be processed differ and, where appropriate be kept in the isothermal range. A surface compaction or introduction of compressive residual stresses in the surface is also before or after a heat treatment or calibration possible.
- coatings on the sintered component are applied.
- Coatings also purely chemical way such as by means of anti-friction varnishes, which may contain Teflon, or Nanocomposite materials are applied.
- Through a coating can the surface of the components in terms of Hardness, roughness and coefficient of friction exactly on the Purpose to be modified modified.
- An Al base powder of composition Al4Cu1Mg0.5Si (corresponds the designation AC2014 of a conventional aluminum alloy, wherein the base powder 4 wt% Cu, 1 wt% Mg, 0.5 Wt% Si and 94.5 wt% Al, based on the total amount of powder, ) of the company ECKA granules GmbH & Co. KG, Velden, Germany, with the company name ECKA Alumix 123 (92.5% by weight Al), with 1.5% by weight of an amide wax as binder the company Hoechst with the name micro wax C was with molybdenum or tungsten powder according to the table below 1 mixed. The mixture was carried out in a tumble mixer by adding the molybdenum or tungsten powder to the submitted Al-base powder at room temperature for 5 min.
- the Al base powder had a particle size distribution between 45 and 200 ⁇ m, the average particle diameter D 50 being 75 to 95 ⁇ m.
- the admixed molybdenum or tungsten powder was obtained from HC Starck GmbH & Co. KG, Goslar, Germany, and had an average particle diameter D 50 of 25 ⁇ m with a particle size distribution in a range of about 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the powder mixture was placed in a mold and pressed under a pressure of about 175 N / mm 2 (calculated for a wheel face of 20 cm 2 ) for about 0.2-0.5 sec at room temperature to a green compact in the form of a pump wheel.
- the density of the green compacts was about 2.35 to 2.38 g / cm 3 .
- the green compact thus produced was dewaxed for about 30 minutes at about 430 ° C and then at a sintering temperature of 610 ° C under a pure nitrogen atmosphere with a dew point of -50 ° C in a belt furnace, which at a speed of 3.4 m / h, sintered for 30 min.
- the green bodies were on Al 2 O 3 plates. Subsequently, homogenizing annealing was carried out for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 515 ° C. Subsequently, the sintered impeller was shock-cooled by quenching with water at a temperature of about 40 ° C for 10 sec.
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
- in einem ersten Schritt die Pulvermischung in eine erste Form eingegeben wird;
- in einem zweiten Schritt die Pulvermischung zu einem Grünling gepreßt wird;
- in einem dritten Schritt der Grünling zumindest teilweise nachverdichtet wird; und
- in einem vierten Schritt der nachverdichtete Grünling gesintert wird.
Der im zweiten und dritten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgte Preßvorgang kann sowohl bei erhöhter Temperatur, insbesondere unter Zugabe der oben genannten Mittel, insbesondere Polyethylenglykole (Warmpressen), jedoch auch bei Raumtemperatur (Kaltpressen), als auch über Vibrationsverdichten erfolgen. Unter Vibrationsverdichten wird hier ein Verfahren verstanden, bei welchem während des Preßvorgangs zumindest zeitweise eine Schwingung den Preßvorgang überlagert, wobei die Schwingung beispielsweise über wenigstens einen Preßstempel eingeleitet werden kann. Auch eine Kombination der vorgenannten Preßverfahren ist möglich. Sinterfähige Pulvermischungen auf Al-Basis können auch hochschmelzende Bestandteile enthalten wie beispielsweise Platin oder dergleichen. Das verwendete Pulver und seine Teilchengröße sind vom jeweiligen Einsatzzweck abhängig. Weiterhin kann das sinterfähige Material ganz oder teilweise aus Kurzfasern bzw. Fasern sein, vorzugsweise Fasern mit Durchmessern zwischen etwa 0,1 und 250 µm und einer Länge von wenigen µm bis zu Millimetergröße, bis hin zu 50 mm wie z.B. Metallfaservlies.
Vorteilhafterweise wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren mit der im dritten Schritt vorgenommenen Nachverdichtung eine Dichte erzielt, welche etwa 2 bis etwa 40% über derjenigen vor dem Nachverdichten liegt, bevorzugt 5 bis 30%, weiter bevorzugt 15 bis 25%.
Werkstoff | R m * | E-Modul | A** | Härte |
N/mm2 | kN/mm2 | % | HB ⊘ 2,5/62,5 kg | |
Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% Mo | 205 | 87 | 0,01 | 122 |
Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% Mo | 152 | 104 | 0,01 | 148 |
Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% W | 144 | 74 | 0,01 | 105 |
Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% W | 135 | 74 | 0,01 | 102 |
Rm* = Zugfestigkeit | ||||
A ** = Dehnung |
Nr. | Werkstoff | Nachverdichtung | R m * | E- Modul | A** | Härte | |
ja | nein | N/mm2 | kN/mm2 | % | HB ⊘ 2,5/62,5kg | ||
2a | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 226 | 88 | 0,03 | 138 | |
2a' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 253 | 89 | 0,01 | 146 | |
2b | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 10 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 206 | 93 | 0,01 | 142 | |
2b' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 10 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 227 | 96 | 0,03 | 150 | |
2c | Al4Cu1Mg0.5Si + 12 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 187 | 96 | 0,01 | 159 | |
2c' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 12 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 193 | 100 | 0,01 | 164 | |
2d | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 178 | 101 | 0,01 | 159 | |
2d' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% (80 Gew% Mo + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 191 | 107 | 0,01 | 179 | |
2e | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 155 | 75 | 0,03 | 110 | |
2e' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 8 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 237 | 79 | 0,04 | 122 | |
2f | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 10 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 173 | 74 | 0,05 | 107 | |
2f' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 10 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 243 | 81 | 0,03 | 121 | |
2g | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 12 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 147 | 73 | 0,05 | 107 | |
2g' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 12 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 233 | 86 | 0,04 | 121 | |
2h | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 146 | 76 | 0,05 | 107 | |
2h' | Al4Cu1Mg0,5Si + 14 Gew% (80 Gew% W + 20 Gew% Cu) | x | 213 | 84 | 0,03 | 130 | |
Rm * = Zugfestigkeit | |||||||
A ** = Dehnung |
Claims (14)
- Sinterfähige Pulvermischung zur Herstellung gesinterter Bauteile, insbesondere für den Automobilbau, umfassend 60 bis 98,5 Gew%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Pulvermischung, eines Al-Basispulvers aus Metallen und/oder deren Legierungen, umfassend Al und gegebenenfalls mit Gehalten von mindestens einem der folgenden Metalle: 0,2 bis 30 Gew% Mg, 0,2 bis 40 Gew% Si, 0,2 bis 15 Gew% Cu, 0,2 bis 15 Gew% Zn, 0,2 bis 15 Gew% Ti, 0,2 bis 10 Gew% Sn, 0,5 bis 5 Gew% Mn, 0,2 bis 10 Gew% Ni und/oder weniger als 1 Gew% an As, Sb, Co, Be, Pb und/oder B, wobei die Gewichtsprozentanteile jeweils bezogen sind auf die Gesamtmenge an Al-Basispulver; und 0,8 bis 40 Gew%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Pulvermischung, eines Metallpulvers ausgewählt aus einer ersten Gruppe von Metallen und/oder deren Legierungen, bestehend aus Mo und/oder W, sowie gegebenenfalls einer zweiten Gruppe von Metallen und/oder deren Legierungen, bestehend aus Cu, Sn, Zn, Li und/oder Mg.
- Sinterfähige Pulvermischung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Menge der ersten Gruppe von Metallen und/oder deren Legierungen zu derjenigen der zweiten Gruppe in der Pulvermischung in einem Bereich von 1: 8 bis 15:1 Gewichtsanteilen liegt.
- Sinterfähige Pulvermischung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Al-Basispulver neben Al 0,2 bis 15 Gew% Mg, 0,2 bis 16 Gew% Si, 0,2 bis 10 Gew% Cu und/oder 0,2 bis 15 Gew% Zn, bezogen jeweils auf die Gesamtmenge des Al-Basispulvers, aufweist.
- Sinterfähige Pulvermischung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Gruppe von Metallen und/oder deren Legierungen Cu, Zn und/oder Sn aufweist.
- Sinterfähige Pulvermischung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Schmiermittel in einer Menge von 0,2 bis 5 Gew%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Pulvermischung, umfaßt.
- Gesintertes Bauteile hergestellt aus einem sinterfähigen Pulver gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5.
- Gesintertes Bauteil gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Zugfestigkeit von mindestens 140 N/mm2, gemessen gemäß DIN EN 10002-1, aufweist.
- Gesintertes Bauteil gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einen Elastizitätsmodul von mindestens 70 kN/mm2, gemessen gemäß DIN EN 10002-1, aufweist.
- Gesintertes Bauteil gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Härte (HB 2,5/62,5 kg) von mindestens 100, gemessen gemäß DIN EN 24498-1, aufweist.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von gesinterten Bauteilen, auch Verbundteilen, aus einer Pulvermischung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobeiin einem ersten Schritt die Pulvermischung in eine erste Form eingegeben wird;in einem zweiten Schritt die Pulvermischung zu einem Grünling gepreßt wird;in einem dritten Schritt der Grünling mindestens teilweise nachverdichtet wird; undin einem vierten Schritt der nachverdichtete Grünling gesintert wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem dritten Schritt der Grünling entwachst wird.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mit der im dritten Schritt vorgenommenen Nachverdichtung erzielte Dichte des Grünlings etwa 2 bis 40% über derjenigen vor dem Nachverdichten liegt.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im dritten Schritt vor Einbringung des Grünlings in eine zweite Form diese mit einem Gleitmittel besprüht wird.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sinterprozeß im fünften Schritt unter Stickstoff mit einem Taupunkt kleiner -40°C durchgeführt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10203285A DE10203285C1 (de) | 2002-01-29 | 2002-01-29 | Sinterfähige Pulvermischung zur Herstellung gesinterter Bauteile |
DE10203285 | 2002-01-29 | ||
PCT/EP2002/012088 WO2003064710A1 (de) | 2002-01-29 | 2002-10-30 | Sinterfähige metallpulvermischung zur herstellung gesinterter bauteile |
Publications (2)
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EP1470261A1 EP1470261A1 (de) | 2004-10-27 |
EP1470261B1 true EP1470261B1 (de) | 2005-07-27 |
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EP02806652A Revoked EP1470261B1 (de) | 2002-01-29 | 2002-10-30 | Sinterfähige metallpulvermischung zur herstellung gesinterter bauteile |
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US (1) | US20050034559A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1470261B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2005516118A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100696312B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1617940A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE300626T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0215554A (de) |
DE (2) | DE10203285C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2244838T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA04007248A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003064710A1 (de) |
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ATE536229T1 (de) * | 2003-10-02 | 2011-12-15 | Hitachi Powdered Metals | Herstellungsverfahren für hochfeste, geschmiedete und gesinterte aluminiumbauteile aus verbundwerkstoffen |
DE102005055366A1 (de) | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-14 | Mahle International Gmbh | Pleuel für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zur Beschichtung seiner Gleitlagerflächen |
DE102005027049A1 (de) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-14 | Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh | Belastbare Verzahnung |
WO2009029168A2 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-03-05 | Springfield Munitions Company, Llc | Metal composite article and method of manufacturing |
WO2012082621A1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-21 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc | Aluminum alloy powder metal with high thermal conductivity |
CN103228803A (zh) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-07-31 | Gkn烧结金属有限公司 | 改进的含过渡元素的铝合金粉末金属 |
WO2013154145A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-12 | 2013-10-17 | アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 | 混合粉末の高密度成形方法および高密度成形装置 |
KR20150011810A (ko) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-02-02 | 아이다 엔지니어링, 엘티디. | 혼합분말의 고밀도 성형방법 및 고밀도 성형장치 |
US9038802B2 (en) | 2012-07-30 | 2015-05-26 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Llc | Clutch backing plate for bearing support |
FR2997325A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-02 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique en aluminium fritte |
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CN104878262B (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-18 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | 一种高强度铝合金及其制备方法 |
CN105345006A (zh) * | 2015-06-11 | 2016-02-24 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院 | 适用于大尺寸铍材生产的直热式热压装备 |
US9915007B2 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2018-03-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electro ceramic coated aluminum transmission components |
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CN107287474A (zh) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-24 | 陈雨琴 | 超强耐磨合金材料 |
CA3028195A1 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-10 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc | Method for improving fatigue strength on sized aluminum powder metal components |
CN108672702A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 宁波市奇强精密冲件有限公司 | 减震器转向节支架 |
CN108531784B (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-08-11 | 河北工业大学 | 一种机械合金化制备铝钛镁三元金属间化合物粉体的方法 |
US11867222B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2024-01-09 | John Eric Chapman | Hybrid washer |
US11213887B2 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2022-01-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Ultra hard electrically-responsive and environmentally resistant metals for oilfield services |
AT521546B1 (de) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-07-15 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbindung zwischen zwei metallischen Bauteilen |
CN109022935A (zh) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-18 | 张家港市五湖新材料技术开发有限公司 | 一种铝镍钛合金材料的制备方法 |
CN109630547B (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-05-22 | 武汉东顺汽车配件有限公司 | 汽车减磨衬套 |
CN109554636A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 安徽鑫铂铝业股份有限公司 | 一种高性能色选机滑道用铝型材 |
CN112251650A (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | 一种铝合金及其制备方法 |
CN114293048B (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-08-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种高致密度、成分可控的高硅铝合金材料及制备方法 |
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US2287251A (en) * | 1939-07-07 | 1942-06-23 | Jones William David | Manufacture of nonporous metal articles |
SU491717A1 (de) * | 1973-10-29 | 1975-11-15 | ||
US4177069A (en) * | 1977-04-09 | 1979-12-04 | Showa Denko K.K. | Process for manufacturing sintered compacts of aluminum-base alloys |
US4460541A (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1984-07-17 | Reynolds Metals Company | Aluminum powder metallurgy |
JPS6386831A (ja) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-04-18 | Alum Funmatsu Yakin Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | アルミニウム基焼結合金の加工用素材の製造方法 |
US5176740A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1993-01-05 | Showa Denko K.K. | Aluminum-alloy powder, sintered aluminum-alloy, and method for producing the sintered aluminum-alloy |
US5061323A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1991-10-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composition and method for producing an aluminum alloy resistant to environmentally-assisted cracking |
JPH0625782A (ja) * | 1991-04-12 | 1994-02-01 | Hitachi Ltd | 高延性アルミニウム焼結合金とその製造法及びその用途 |
US5232659A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1993-08-03 | Brown Sanford W | Method for alloying lithium with powdered aluminum |
AUPN273695A0 (en) * | 1995-05-02 | 1995-05-25 | University Of Queensland, The | Aluminium alloy powder blends and sintered aluminium alloys |
US5972523A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1999-10-26 | The Chinese University Of Hong Kong | Aluminum metal matrix composite materials reinforced by intermetallic compounds and alumina whiskers |
-
2002
- 2002-01-29 DE DE10203285A patent/DE10203285C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-30 DE DE50203794T patent/DE50203794D1/de not_active Revoked
- 2002-10-30 JP JP2003564298A patent/JP2005516118A/ja active Pending
- 2002-10-30 AT AT02806652T patent/ATE300626T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-30 ES ES02806652T patent/ES2244838T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-30 WO PCT/EP2002/012088 patent/WO2003064710A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-30 CN CNA028277031A patent/CN1617940A/zh active Pending
- 2002-10-30 BR BR0215554-0A patent/BR0215554A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-30 KR KR1020047010480A patent/KR100696312B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-30 MX MXPA04007248A patent/MXPA04007248A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-10-30 EP EP02806652A patent/EP1470261B1/de not_active Revoked
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2004
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20040066937A (ko) | 2004-07-27 |
US20050034559A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
DE50203794D1 (de) | 2005-09-01 |
JP2005516118A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
WO2003064710A1 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
MXPA04007248A (es) | 2004-10-29 |
DE10203285C1 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
EP1470261A1 (de) | 2004-10-27 |
ATE300626T1 (de) | 2005-08-15 |
BR0215554A (pt) | 2004-12-21 |
ES2244838T3 (es) | 2005-12-16 |
CN1617940A (zh) | 2005-05-18 |
KR100696312B1 (ko) | 2007-03-19 |
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