EP1458765A2 - Polysaccharide amphotere, composition et utilisation - Google Patents
Polysaccharide amphotere, composition et utilisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1458765A2 EP1458765A2 EP02796866A EP02796866A EP1458765A2 EP 1458765 A2 EP1458765 A2 EP 1458765A2 EP 02796866 A EP02796866 A EP 02796866A EP 02796866 A EP02796866 A EP 02796866A EP 1458765 A2 EP1458765 A2 EP 1458765A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polysaccharide
- derivatives
- composition
- hair
- gum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0057—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Xylans, i.e. xylosaccharide, e.g. arabinoxylan, arabinofuronan, pentosans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Xylans, e.g. rhodymenans; Hemicellulose; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/59—Mixtures
- A61K2800/594—Mixtures of polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of particular amphoteric polysaccharides in cosmetic compositions, in particular in hair compositions.
- cationic polysaccharides in the cosmetic field, and in particular in a hair conditioner axis is known.
- cationic polysaccharides have a strong interaction with the hair and thus make it possible to induce good conditioning properties.
- the polysaccharides thus modified can have certain disadvantages
- amphoteric or zwitterionic cellulose ethers in cosmetic compositions for the treatment of hair.
- These amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives exhibit good water solubility in the medium, in particular in the presence of anionic surfactant.
- amphoteric starches such as a starch modified with 2-chloroethyl aminodipropionic acid, in combination with a fixing polymer, to obtain a hair composition having excellent cosmetic properties. such as softness, detangling and touch, as well as synergistic styling and / or fixing properties.
- the amphoteric starches described in this document are of structure St-OR, in which St-0 represents a starch molecule and R an aminoalkyl group.
- St-0 represents a starch molecule
- R an aminoalkyl group.
- a skin or hair care composition comprising as an emulsion thickener or stabilizer, an amino-multicarboxylated starch derivative.
- starch derivatives also find application in the paper industry, as a reinforcing or retention agent, as is illustrated by US5455340.
- the starch derivatives concerned are of structure St-0- (CH 2 ) nR, in which St-0 represents a starch molecule and R a substituted amine.
- amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives intended to treat keratinous substances, in particular the hair.
- This document describes in particular amphoteric guar gum derivatives and in particular an amphoteric guar gum comprising hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium groups.
- amphoteric polysaccharides described in the prior art are of the O-glycoside type, that is to say that the substituents are carried by the saccharide via an oxygen-carbon bond, generally of the ether or ester type.
- amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives for which the bond was of the ester type had the drawback of being easily hydrolyzable as a function of variations in the pH of the medium.
- the compositions comprising them therefore exhibit a certain instability with respect to the pH, which can make the use of such compounds prohibitive.
- amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives for which the bond was of the ether type was not easy, in particular because these derivatives are partially degraded during their preparation which is carried out in basic medium (around pH 11). Indeed, the use of sodium hydroxide leads to a reduction in the degree of polymerization of the polysaccharides, therefore a reduction in their molar mass, which is difficult to predict and to control.
- amphoteric polysaccharides which do not have the drawbacks of the prior art, which are stable with respect to the medium comprising them, in particular with respect to the pH, while not being easily degradable, and whose preparation is easy and controllable.
- An object of the present invention is an amphoteric polysaccharide comprising at least one anionic group and at least one cationic group directly carried by the polysaccharide via a covalent carbon - nitrogen, said cationic group is selected from quaternary ammonium groups of the formula: -N + R 1 R 2 R 3 and the quatemable groups of formula:
- Ri, R2, R3, R' 1 and R ' 2 represent, independently of each other, a radical hydrocarbon, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, C 1 -C 50 , possibly including one or more heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms.
- compositions comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, in particular cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable, at least one polysaccharide as defined above.
- Another object of the invention is the use of at least one polysaccharide as defined above, and / or of a composition comprising it, for conditioning the hair, and / or for improving the disentangling properties, softness and shine of hair
- amphoteric polysaccharide is meant in the context of the present invention amphoteric polymers therefore comprising at least one anionic group and at least one cationic group, and polymers capable of being made amphoteric, comprising for example a quaternizable amino group and / or an acid group.
- the initial polysaccharide can be chosen from all polymers, synthetic, natural or modified natural, hydrocarbon, linear or branched, consisting of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
- This polysaccharide can be of vegetable, bacterial, animal or marine origin.
- an initial polysaccharide is chosen which will allow the preparation of a water-soluble or water-dispersible amphoteric polysaccharide.
- Said initial polysaccharide can itself advantageously be water-soluble or water-dispersible.
- water-soluble polysaccharide means a polysaccharide having a solubility in water of at least 0.1% by weight, at 20 ° C. under a pressure of 1.013 ⁇ 10 5 Pa.
- hydrodispersible polysaccharide a polysaccharide having a capacity to form a dispersion, that is to say a two-phase system where the first phase is formed of finely divided particles, distributed uniformly in the second continuous phase.
- Water-dispersible polymers generally have a transparent to bluish appearance. Their transparency can be measured by a transmittance coefficient at 600 nm ranging from 10 to 90%, or by a turbidity ranging from 60 to 600 NTU (Turbidity measured with the HACH model 21 OOP portable turbidimeter).
- the polysaccharides used for the preparation of the amphoteric polysaccharides according to the invention can be initially neutral, cationic or anionic.
- amphoteric polysaccharide from which the amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can be prepared, mention may be made of pullulan, cellulose and certain of its derivatives such as hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or methylcellulose; guar gum and certain derivatives such as hydroxyethylguar or hydroxypropylguar gum; starch and its neutral derivatives such as hydroxyethyl starch or hydroxypropyl starch; dextran; carob gum; chitin, chitosan; polydextrose; the konjac mannan.
- pullulan cellulose and certain of its derivatives such as hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or methylcellulose
- guar gum and certain derivatives such as hydroxyethylguar or hydroxypropylguar gum
- starch and its neutral derivatives such as hydroxyethyl starch or hydroxyprop
- amphoteric polysaccharide from which the amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can be prepared, mention may be made of xylan, pectin, alginic acid, sodium, potassium or ammonium alginates; certain cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose; certain guar gum derivatives such as a carboxymethylguar gum or a carboxymethylhydroxypropylguar gum; certain starch derivatives such as starch acetate or a carboxymethyl starch; agar-agar, carragheenanes, furcellarane, gellan gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, hyaluronic acid; certain chitosan derivatives such as an N, 0-carboxymethylchitosan, an N-hydroxyalkylchitosan, an O-carboxymethylchitosan.
- amphoteric polysaccharide from which the amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can be prepared, mention may be made of certain guar derivatives such as quaternized guar gum derivatives such as Jaguar; certain quaternized starch derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-3- (trimethylammonium) propyl starch chloride; certain quaternized derivatives of cellulose such as a 2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride of ethylcellulose; quaternized derivatives of chitosan.
- certain guar derivatives such as quaternized guar gum derivatives such as Jaguar
- certain quaternized starch derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-3- (trimethylammonium) propyl starch chloride
- certain quaternized derivatives of cellulose such as a 2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride of ethylcellulose
- quaternized derivatives of chitosan quaternized derivatives of chitosan.
- anionic groups can be chosen from acid groups within the meaning of Bronsted (as defined in Advanced Organic Chemistry by J. March edition John Wiley & Sons, New York 1992). Mention may in particular be made of carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfenic acid and pyruvic acid groups.
- the anionic group is a carboxylic acid group.
- the anionic group can also be in the form of an acid salt, in particular a sodium, calcium, lithium or potassium salt.
- the anionic group can be either directly carried by the polysaccharide, or spaced from the polysaccharide by a lateral graft.
- Said lateral graft can be a divalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 16 carbon atoms, linear, branched, cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen , sulfur and / or phosphorus. Mention may in particular be made of the following divalent radicals: methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene.
- Said graft is linked to the polysaccharide by a covalent bond.
- these are covalent bonds which are not hydrolysable under the conditions of final use of the amphoteric polysaccharide, that is to say in water, in the presence of a usual cosmetic surfactant, at 20 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure .
- the polysaccharide according to the invention is characterized in that the cationic group (s) is (are) directly carried by the polysaccharide, via a carbon-nitrogen covalent bond, and replaces (s) ) to a hydroxyl radical initially present on the polysaccharide.
- amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can comprise several cationic groups, which can be identical or different.
- the cationic group is a quaternary ammonium group of formula: -N + R ⁇ Rs or a quatemable group of formula: in which :
- Ri, R 2 , R 3 , R ' 1 and R' 2 represent, independently of each other, a hydrocarbon radical, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, in CrC- 50 , possibly including one or more heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms.
- the quaternary ammonium group can also be in the form of a salt, in particular a halide such as a chloride or a bromide.
- Ri, R 2 , R 3 , R ' 1 and / or R' 2 are chosen, independently of one another, from saturated linear hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 18, and better still 1 to 8, carbon atoms, and in particular from the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, hexyl and octyl groups.
- the degree of anionic substitution (DS (-)) of the amphoteric polysaccharides according to the invention represents the ratio of the number of hydroxyls substituted by an anionic group in the repeating unit to the number of elementary monosaccharides constituting the unit. This degree can preferably vary from 0.01 to 0.9, in particular from 0.05 to 0.8, and preferably from 0.1 to 0.7.
- the degree of cationic substitution (DS (+)) of the amphoteric polysaccharides according to the invention represents the ratio of the number of hydroxyls substituted by a cationic group in the repeating unit with the number of elementary monosaccharides constituting the unit. This degree can preferably vary from 0.01 to 0.9, in particular from 0.05 to 0.8, and preferably from 0.1 to 0.7.
- amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can be prepared according to all the methods known to those skilled in the art.
- amphoteric polysaccharide according to the invention can be present in the compositions in concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition comprising it.
- This composition comprises a physiologically acceptable medium, that is to say a medium compatible with all keratin materials such as the skin, the scalp, the nails, the mucous membranes, the eyes and the hair or any other cutaneous zone of the body.
- This composition can be a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition and can therefore comprise a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable medium.
- the physiologically acceptable medium can consist solely of water or of a mixture of water and a solvent such as a C 1 -C 5 alcohol, such as ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, n-butanol; a polyol such as glycerin; a glycol such as butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols such as PEG-8; polyol ethers.
- a solvent such as a C 1 -C 5 alcohol, such as ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, n-butanol
- a polyol such as glycerin
- a glycol such as butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols such as PEG-8
- polyol ethers such as a C 1 -C 5 alcohol, such as ethanol, isopropanol, tert-but
- compositions according to the invention can also contain one or more additives such as. polymers, fixing or not, anionic, amphoteric, zwitteronic, nonionic or cationic; surfactants; pearlescent agents; opacifiers; organic solvents; perfumes; thickeners; gelling agents; oils and / or waxes of mineral, vegetable, animal or synthetic origin; fatty acid esters; dyes, volatile or non-volatile silicones, organomodified or not, cyclic or acyclic, branched or not; mineral or organic particles; pigments and fillers; preservatives; cosmetic active ingredients; sun filters; of the pH stabilizers.
- additives such as. polymers, fixing or not, anionic, amphoteric, zwitteronic, nonionic or cationic; surfactants; pearlescent agents; opacifiers; organic solvents; perfumes; thickeners; gelling agents; oils and / or waxes of mineral, vegetable, animal or synthetic origin; fatty acid esters; dye
- composition according to the invention can be in all dosage forms suitable for topical application, and in particular in the form of an aqueous or hydroalcoholic gel, a water-in-oil, oil-in-water or multiple emulsion, an aqueous dispersion. based on ionic and / or nonionic lipid vesicles, containing or not a dispersed oil. It can be in the form of serum, cream, milk, thickened lotion or not, foam.
- composition according to the invention can be used for the treatment and care of the skin of the face and / or the body, the mucous membranes (lips), the scalp and / or the hair.
- facial care cream, shower gel, bath gel, hair coloring composition composition for permanent deformation of the hair, composition for cleansing and / or removing make-up from the face, sun protection composition
- hair cleaning compositions such as a shampoo, a conditioner to rinse or not
- hair composition for maintaining the hairstyle such as a hairspray, a gel, a mousse or a styling spray
- compositions according to the invention can advantageously be used as hair products, in particular rinsed or non-rinsed, in particular for washing, care, conditioning, maintaining the hairstyle, shaping, coloring, bleaching, permanent deformation or straightening of the hair.
- polysaccharides according to the invention make it possible to improve the disentangling, softness and shine properties of the hair treated with the aid of the compositions comprising them. They can therefore be advantageously used in hair conditioning compositions.
- tosyl xylan 1 g is dissolved in 50 ml of DMA, at 20 ° C .; after dissolution, 10 ml of water and then 6 g of triethylamine are added. The mixture is heated at 100 ° C for 24 hours, then cooled to 20 ° C and the quaternized xylan is precipitated in 400 ml of acetone. The precipitate is separated, washed and dried under vacuum at 50 ° C for 24 hours.
- amphoteric xylan is obtained, carrying carboxylic groups and triethylammonium groups.
- a styling gel comprising (MA: active material):
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0116388 | 2001-12-18 | ||
FR0116388A FR2833599B1 (fr) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Polysaccharide amphotere, composition et utilisation |
PCT/FR2002/004016 WO2003054025A2 (fr) | 2001-12-18 | 2002-11-22 | Polysaccharide amphotere, composition et utilisation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1458765A2 true EP1458765A2 (fr) | 2004-09-22 |
Family
ID=8870637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02796866A Withdrawn EP1458765A2 (fr) | 2001-12-18 | 2002-11-22 | Polysaccharide amphotere, composition et utilisation |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050124798A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1458765A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2005517051A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2002361337A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2449174A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2833599B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003054025A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10354015A1 (de) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-06-02 | Wella Ag | Wasserglas enthaltendes, verdicktes Haarbehandlungsmittel |
FR2874318B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-11-24 | Oreal | Utilisation en cosmetique de composes polysaccharidiques amphoteres a chaine(s) polymerique(s) cationique(s) |
JP2008514736A (ja) * | 2004-08-19 | 2008-05-08 | ロレアル | スルホネート基を含む新規な両性多糖類化合物、それを含む組成物及びその化粧品における使用 |
FR2874381B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-11-24 | Oreal | Nouveaux composes polysaccharidiques amphoteres a fonction(s) aldehyde, composition les comprenant et leur utilisation en cosmetique |
FR2874380B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-11-24 | Oreal | Nouveaux composes polysaccharides amphoteres a fonction(s) sulfonate, composition les comprenant et leur utilisation en cosmetique |
JP3947756B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-07-25 | ホーユー株式会社 | 酸化染毛剤組成物 |
CN102875692B (zh) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-07-30 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种交联两性蔗渣木聚糖的制备方法 |
CN104474985B (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-08-10 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种交联两性蔗渣木聚糖微球的制备方法 |
CN104610554A (zh) * | 2015-03-08 | 2015-05-13 | 桂林理工大学 | 一种释药性交联酯化-季铵化蔗渣木聚糖的制备方法 |
CN107556404A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-09 | 北京林业大学 | 氨基木聚糖的制备方法 |
US11389388B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-07-19 | L'oreal | Leave-on hair styling compositions and methods of use |
CN110845635B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏哈齐诺生物环保科技有限公司 | 一种两性多糖吸水材料的制备方法 |
CN113773408B (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-12-06 | 汕头大学 | 一种昆布多糖类化合物及其制备方法与应用 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4301067A (en) * | 1979-06-05 | 1981-11-17 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Chitin containing poly-ion complex |
DE3513277A1 (de) * | 1985-04-13 | 1986-10-23 | Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt | Kosmetische mittel auf der basis von quaternaeren hydroxyalkyl-substituierten chitosanderivaten |
DE3833658A1 (de) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von amphoteren und zwitterionischen celluloseethern in haarpflegemitteln |
US5017565A (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1991-05-21 | Lange Iii Louis G | Use of sulfated polysaccharides to inhibit pancreatic cholesterol esterase |
US5455340A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1995-10-03 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Starches modified with amino-multicarboxylates |
FR2721933B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-09-27 | Gattefosse Ets Sa | Derives du chitosane, procede pour sa preparation et composition cosmetique contenant de tels derives |
JP3608650B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-05 | 2005-01-12 | 日本食品化工株式会社 | 両性澱粉、その製造方法および紙または板紙の製造方法 |
DE10019140A1 (de) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-01 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | N, O-substituierte Biopolymere |
-
2001
- 2001-12-18 FR FR0116388A patent/FR2833599B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-11-22 JP JP2003554740A patent/JP2005517051A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-22 CA CA002449174A patent/CA2449174A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-22 AU AU2002361337A patent/AU2002361337A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-22 EP EP02796866A patent/EP1458765A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-22 WO PCT/FR2002/004016 patent/WO2003054025A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-22 US US10/499,218 patent/US20050124798A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO03054025A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2833599B1 (fr) | 2004-01-30 |
AU2002361337A8 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
AU2002361337A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
CA2449174A1 (fr) | 2003-07-03 |
WO2003054025A2 (fr) | 2003-07-03 |
WO2003054025A3 (fr) | 2003-12-18 |
US20050124798A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
FR2833599A1 (fr) | 2003-06-20 |
JP2005517051A (ja) | 2005-06-09 |
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