EP1449944A1 - Nipper mechanism for a combing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A textile combing machine has an adjustable guide (32) regulating a gap (E) between a lower tong plate (12) and a clamp line defined by the pair of opening cylinders (24). The gap is regulated at the tong position of maximum advancement. A textile manufacturing combining assembly has a tong station with a tong frame (8) moving back and forth. The tong frame has a lower tong plate (12) whose lip (30) forms a clamping point against the upper clamp plate (14). An assembly within the clamp feeds a fibre mass (W) while the clamp assembly moves back and forth. The fibres (W) feed to a pair of opening cylinders (24) within the machine frame. A round rotating comb is located under the lower clamp plate (12) and removes loose tufts (FB). Guides (32) vary the selected length of tufts removed or passed according to the fibre feed mode, maintaining the combed material within a minimum and constant separation range (E). The adjustable guide (32) regulates the gap (E) between the lower tong plate (12) and clamp line defined by the pair of opening cylinders (24) at the tong position of maximum advancement.

Description

The invention relates to a forceps unit of a combing machine, with one and forth movable pliers frame, which has a lower pliers plate, which with an upper pliers plate movably mounted in the pliers frame in the area of the Pliers lip can form a nip and one within the Pliers aggregate attached means for feeding a fiber mass in the fore and / or return of the pliers unit, the pliers unit in

Machine frame mounted tear-off cylinder pair is subordinate and with a Rotatable circular comb arranged below the lower pliers plate for combing out whiskers.

In practice, it is necessary to adjust the proportion to be combed out on the combing machine (in short called combs) as required. The proportion of combeds ranges between 5 and 20% and generally depends on the desired yarn quality, which results from the subsequent spinning of the combed fiber mass. In addition, the proportion of combs depends on the fiber mass (material template).
In other words, when combing out to a high degree, the long fibers remain in the combed fiber mass, while the short fibers almost completely end up in the outlet of the combs. These long fibers can then be used to produce very fine yarns, since significantly fewer fibers are required in the cross-section of the yarn without the necessary yarn strength being impaired. A high proportion of combeds naturally has a direct impact on the production quantity, which ultimately has a direct impact on the earnings of the spinning mill. It is therefore necessary for the spinning master to find a balance between the required quality of the yarn and the loss in production volume due to the combed out part. As a result, the choice of the degree of combing is of great importance.
When combing out, it is therefore important to ensure that the fibers can be selected precisely.
In order to be able to adjust the combing machine or its combing devices to a corresponding combing out, various methods are known.

One method is the adjustment of the ecartement, which marks the distance between the pliers lip of the lower pliers plate and the clamping point of the tear-off cylinders. A large ecartement results in a high degree of combing, while a small ecartement results in a small degree of combing out. To set the ecartement, the coupling on the pliers shaft is rotated so that the position of the swinging movement or the pivoting of the pliers changes by a corresponding amount, which makes the ecartement larger or smaller depending on the adjustment. It is also possible to influence the amount of combing through the choice of the type of feed of the feed cylinder. If the feed amount is fed from the feed cylinder in the feed of the tongs (feed), the combing out is smaller than if this were done in the return of the tongs (feed). Since the circular comb contains the full amount of food when combing back the comb, the combed out portion is also greater than with the feed. It is also known to provide a mixed feed, with part of the feed amount being fed in the feed and the rest in the return.
Mixed forms are also possible, the combing being set with the choice of the type of food and the ecartement.
In the known measures described above, good results can sometimes be achieved, but short fibers repeatedly enter the combed nonwoven, which adversely affect the desired quality. This is particularly the case when you have to work with a large apartment to increase the number of combed animals. As soon as the distance between the clamping point of the tear-off cylinder and the pliers is increased, the tear-off distance or the length of the fiber mass taking part in the stretching process also increases during the tear-off process. The greater this length, the more floating (short) fibers are in this area. These floating fibers are uncontrolled. As a result, it is undetermined whether these fibers are now taken along during the tear-off process (which is synonymous with a drawing process) or whether they are retained and are combed out by the circular comb during the subsequent combing-out process.

It is therefore the object of the invention to propose a device with which the tear-off distance is made possible to be kept as small as possible so that approximately the conditions can be achieved on a conventional route, but with the possibility of setting the percentage of combed within a Type of food should be preserved.

This object is achieved in that means are provided by means of which the length of the fiber beard presented to the comb segment of the circular comb can be changed with a constant distance (ecartement) between the pliers plate and the clamping line of the tearing cylinder pair in the front end position of the pliers assembly.
This makes it possible to optimally adjust the tear-off distance precisely to the respective pile of the fiber mass, without the adjustment to the desired combing being impaired. This design ensures that there are constant conditions during the tear-off process with each setting by appropriate means, which define, for example, the path for the fiber mass or cotton web between a feed (e.g. feed cylinder) and the clamping point of the tongs. This means that it is possible to set the tear-off distance to a minimum dimension, which corresponds approximately to the dimension of the drafting distances with a conventional drafting system. As a result, the proportion of uncontrolled fibers during the tear-off process can be reduced to a minimum. At the same time, it is possible under these conditions that the proportion of combs can be varied within certain limits depending on the requirements.
In order to vary the fiber length presented to the circular comb, it is proposed, for example, that the means consist of a guide means which is attached above the lower pliers plate in the area between the means for feeding and the clamping point of the pliers unit and guides the fiber mass on its underside.
As further proposed, the guide means can be releasably connected to the lower pliers plate via fastening means, or the position of the guide surface of the guide means relative to the pliers plate can be changed.

Furthermore, the guide means can be pivotally fastened transversely to the conveying direction of the cotton web, which makes it possible to carry out a continuous adjustment.
For lateral guidance of the wad of cotton, it is proposed that the guide means be provided with lateral guides projecting vertically beyond the guide surface. As a result, in particular the side edges of the cotton web are guided in this area, as a result of which the cotton end can be fed specifically to the subsequent tear-off cylinders.
The guide means can preferably have a wedge-shaped cross section, which is attached to a feed cylinder which interacts with a feed trough.

Further advantages are shown in the following exemplary embodiments

Fig.1

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer bekannten Kämmaschine im Bereich des Zangenaggregates.

Fig.2

eine vergrösserte Teilansicht des Zangenaggregates nach Fig.1 mit einem erfindingsgemässem Führungselement

Fig.3

eine verkleinerte Ansicht nach Fig.2 mit einem anderen Führungselement

Fig.4

eine verkleinerte Ansicht X-X nach Fig.2

Fig.5

eine weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.3

Fig.5a

eine Ansicht Y nach Fig.5

Fig.5b

eine Seitenansicht nach Fig.5a

Show it:

Fig.1

is a schematic side view of a known combing machine in the area of the forceps unit.

Fig.2

an enlarged partial view of the pliers unit according to Figure 1 with an inventive guide element

Figure 3

a reduced view of Figure 2 with another guide element

Figure 4

a reduced view XX of Fig.2

Figure 5

a further embodiment according to Figure 3

5a

a view Y according to Fig.5

5 b

a side view of Fig.5a

Figure 1 shows a known pliers unit 1 (called "pliers" for short), which on the Crank arms 2, 3 is pivotally mounted. There are two crank arms 2 each laterally mounted on a round comb 4 on its round comb shaft 5 pivotally. The circular comb 4 has a comb segment 7 on part of its circumference. The other end of the swivel arms 2 is rotatable on the tong frame 8 attached. The rear swivel arm 3 (there may also be two) is open a pliers shaft 10 rotatably mounted. The opposite free end of the Swivel arm 3 is rotatable with the pincer frame 8 via a shaft 9 connected.

The pliers 1 essentially consist of a fixed to the pliers frame 8 connected lower pliers plate 12 and an upper pliers plate 14 (partially also called pliers knife), which is attached to two swivel arms 15, 15 '. These pivot arms are pivotable on a pivot axis 16 Pliers frame 8 attached. The swivel arms 15, 15 'are each with one Strut 18 connected, which in turn via an axis 20 on a driven Eccentric 21 are stored. Seen in the material flow direction F is behind the pliers 1 a tear-off cylinder pair 24 is provided. A fixed comb 11 is indicated schematically, which is fastened to the tong frame 8 via fastening means, not shown, and in which the fiber beard FB is drawn in when its end E towards the Clamping point K of the following tear-off cylinder 24 via the movement of the End of the fleece V is transported

Within the tongs 1, a feed cylinder 27 is rotatably mounted, which does not have one Drive shown in more detail is connected and a discontinuous rotary movement is carried out in order to transport the supplied wad W in sections. The Feed cylinder 27 has a shaft 28, over which it over at both ends Bearings, not shown, are rotatably mounted in bearing holders of the tong frame becomes. The feed cylinder 27 can be driven via a known ratchet drive take place, which is controlled by the movement of the upper pliers plate 14. It is however, it is also possible to drive the feed cylinder 27 independently of the Movement of the upper pliers plate, e.g. over a Cam can take place, such as this in GB-PS 933,946. It would be the cam used in this version is also conceivable directly on the To attach a round comb shaft, as e.g. is shown in DE-PS 231 797. The Drive of the feed cylinder 27 can be in the forward or return of the forceps or pro rata in the forward and return.

2 shows an enlarged partial section of the pliers 1 in the front area of the pliers lip 30 of the lower pliers plate 12. Below the feed cylinder 27, the pliers plate 12 has a feed trough 26 which interacts with the feed cylinder in order to wad the cotton wool in the direction of the front pliers lip 30 to transport.
Directly after the feed trough 26, a guide part 32 with a wedge-shaped cross section is attached to the lower tong plate 12. In the present example, the guide part has two lateral guides 33 which project above the guide surface 35 of the guide part 32 in the vertical direction. The attachment of the lateral guides 33 can be seen in FIG. 4, which shows a partial view X according to FIG. 2. This FIG. 4 also shows that the lateral guides 33 are each provided with stepped bores 36, into each of which a screw 38 is inserted, in order to screw the guide part 32 to the lower pliers plate 12 or to fasten it thereon. This is only one type of attachment; others would also be conceivable. In any case, the attachment should be detachable, so that the guide part can be exchanged for another guide part with different dimensions, for example.

Another embodiment of a guide part is shown in FIG. 5, which is designed in the form of a guide plate 40 which is pivotally mounted about an axis 41. To fix the guide plate 40 in a desired position, it is provided with side threaded bolts 42, which each protrude through slots 43 which are present in side guides 45. Clamping between the guide plate 40 and the side guides 45 is generated via a nut 44 in each case, and a locking in a selected position is thereby achieved.
These side guides 45 (only one shown in FIG. 5 a) are fastened to the lower pliers plate 12 by means of screws, for example, and can also be provided with receptacles (not shown) in order to support the pivot axis 41 of the guide plate 40.

The mode of operation of the guide part 32 shown will now be described with reference to FIGS Fig.3 explained in more detail.

The wadding W, which is unwound from a winding (not shown in more detail), is introduced into the gap between the feed cylinder 27 and the feed trough 26. The cotton is conveyed in the direction of the tear-off cylinder 24 by a discontinuous drive, not shown in detail. This conveying (also called feeding) can take place during the forward movement of the pliers 1 in the direction of the tear-off cylinders 24 (forward feeding) or during the backward movement (return feeding). A mixed feed is also conceivable during the supply and return of the clamp.
2, the pliers 1 are in their foremost position (front dead center position) in which they are open. The cotton web leaving the feed trough 26 is guided over a guide surface 35 of the guide part 32 on its underside and placed on the end of a fleece V which has previously been partially returned and then transferred to the clamping point K by the transport movement of the fleece to the clamping point K. During the movement sequence described, the cotton end (abbreviated to "fiber beard FB") comes into the area of the needles of a fixed comb 11. The fibers of the fiber beard FB, which come into the clamping point K, are pulled out of the fiber beard by the rotary movement of the tear-off cylinder 24 and with it End of the fleece V soldered. So-called "floating fibers" are also partially removed, which are not retained in the cotton wool by the static friction.
So that as few such and uncontrolled floating fibers as possible can participate during the tear-off process, it is necessary to keep the tear-off distance AL (distance between clamping point K of the tear-off cylinder and clamping point KM in the feed trough 26) as small as possible. As a result, the distance E between the clamping point K and the pliers lip 30 should also be kept as small as possible in its foremost position. This distance E is generally referred to as ecartement. The distance ratios that exist in a conventional drafting system should actually be aimed for. This ensures that a controlled tear-off process takes place and undesired short fibers are excreted via the comb segment 7 of the circular comb 4.
In order to achieve a higher degree of combing, in the known solutions, for example, the Ecartement E is increased, so that during the subsequent round combing the comb segment of the round comb has a longer fiber beard FB. As a result, more fibers are gripped by the comb segment 7, which are no longer held or clamped by the lower clamping point KU of the pliers lip 30 when the pliers 1 are closed. (See dashed illustration of Fig. 3). With the adjustment of the Ecartement E, the desired combing-out height can easily be varied, however, when the Ecartement is increased, the conditions during the tear-off process or stretching process deteriorate. In order to avoid this, the use of the guide part 32 is proposed, with the proportion of combs or the combing out being able to be varied while the compartment E remains the same. In order to achieve constant conditions, it must be ensured that the wadding W or the fiber beard FB is in a plane during the tear-off process, which extends from the deflection point UL of the feed trough to the clamping point K of the tear-off cylinder. Ie this plane limits the position of the guide surface 35 of the guide part used.

FIG. 3 shows the effects of using different guide parts 32a and 32b.
When the guide part 32b is installed, the guide surface 35b is located further down, as a result of which the distance between the deflection point UL and the lower clamping point KU of the pliers lip 30 is also shortened.
As can be seen in the dashed position of the pliers 1 in FIG. 3, in which the combing takes place, the fiber beard FB presented to the comb segment 7 via the pliers lip 30 has a length L2. The length L2 is greater than the length L1 that is present when using a dashed part 32a, since the distance between the deflection point UL and the lower clamping point KU of the pliers lip 30 is longer.
The pliers geometry of the pliers lip 30 is selected such that the lower clamping point KU achieved with the pliers lip of the upper pliers plate is approximately in the region of the lower limit of the pliers lip. The upper clamping point KO is in the area of a pliers recess, which follows the guide part. However, other forms of the pliers lip are also conceivable, which can be used in this case.

It is thus possible to vary the proportion of combeds as desired without having to change the optimized tear-off ratios (or a minimal ecartement).
The lateral guides 33 of the guide part 32 additionally ensure that the edges of the fiber beard are guided cleanly during the tear-off process and can maintain their structure.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the guide plate 40 is adjusted accordingly in its angular position in order to change the proportion of combed material. Here, the lateral guidance of the fiber beard FB takes over the lateral guidance 45, which of course can also be shaped accordingly.

Claims (9)

Forceps unit (1) of a combing machine, with a forceps frame (8) which can be moved back and forth, which has a lower forceps plate (12), which has a clamping point (KO) with an upper forceps plate (14) movably mounted in the forceps frame in the region of the forceps lip (30) , KU) and a means (27) attached within the pliers unit (1) for feeding a fiber mass (W) during the forward and / or return of the pliers unit, with a pair of tear-off cylinders (24) mounted in the machine frame being arranged downstream of the pliers unit (1) and with a rotatably mounted circular comb (4) arranged below the lower pliers plate (12) for combing out fiber whiskers (FB), characterized in that means (32, 40) are provided via which the comb segment (7) of the circular comb (4) submitted length (L1, L2) of the fiber beard (FB) can be changed within the selected type of food with a constant distance E (Ecartement) between the collet plate (12) and the clamping line (K) of the tear-off cylinder pair (24) in the front end position of the pliers unit. Pliers unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means consists of a guide means (32, 40) which above the lower pliers plate (12) in the area between the means (27) for feeding and a first clamping point (KO) of the Pliers unit (1) is attached and the fiber mass (W) leads on its underside. Pliers unit (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide means (32) is releasably connected to the lower pliers plate (12) via fastening means (38). Pliers unit (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the position of the guide surface (35) of the guide means (32, 40) relative to the pliers plate (12) can be changed. Pliers unit (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide means (40) is pivotally attached transversely to the conveying direction (F) of the cotton web (W). Pliers unit (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the guide means (32) is provided with lateral guides (33) projecting in the vertical direction beyond the guide surface (35). Pliers unit (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the guide means (32) has a wedge-shaped cross section in the region of the guide surface (35). Forceps unit (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means for feeding the cotton wool consists of a feed cylinder (27) which interacts with a feed trough (26). Tongs unit (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide means (32, 40) connects directly to the feed trough (26).

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