EP1446631A1 - Procede et dispositif d'evacuation de materiaux, notamment de granules, contenant des matieres a haute energie - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'evacuation de materiaux, notamment de granules, contenant des matieres a haute energie

Info

Publication number
EP1446631A1
EP1446631A1 EP02792763A EP02792763A EP1446631A1 EP 1446631 A1 EP1446631 A1 EP 1446631A1 EP 02792763 A EP02792763 A EP 02792763A EP 02792763 A EP02792763 A EP 02792763A EP 1446631 A1 EP1446631 A1 EP 1446631A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
moving bed
uncooled
inlet opening
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02792763A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1446631B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Wilhelm
Freimut Marold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gfe & Co KG Gesellschaft fur Entsorgung GmbH
Original Assignee
Gfe & Co KG Gesellschaft fur Entsorgung GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gfe & Co KG Gesellschaft fur Entsorgung GmbH filed Critical Gfe & Co KG Gesellschaft fur Entsorgung GmbH
Publication of EP1446631A1 publication Critical patent/EP1446631A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1446631B1 publication Critical patent/EP1446631B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
    • F42B33/067—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs by combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the disposal of materials containing high-energy substances, in particular grenades, in which the materials are mixed in a pressure-resistant housing with a bulk material with which they form a moving bed, with a certain distance from the uppermost surface area of the moving bed inside which a reaction of the high-energy substances is initiated under controlled conditions;
  • a moving bed moving from top to bottom in the housing in which a reaction of the high-energy substances under controlled conditions is initiated at a certain distance from the uppermost surface area, and this in dynamic equilibrium between the supply of a bulk material and the material to be disposed of Materials on the one hand and the discharge of the bulk material which contains solid residues originating from the reaction, on the other hand, is formed; c) at least one inlet opening for the bulk material in the upper region of the housing;
  • a return device via which at least part of the bulk material is returned from an outlet opening to an inlet opening.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the need for energy supplied from outside is less.
  • this object is achieved in that the bulk material is at least partially returned uncooled and introduced into the moving bed at a point which is distant from the point at which the materials to be disposed of are introduced and at which a higher temperature may prevail.
  • a first variant of the method according to the invention consists in that the uncooled bulk material is introduced into the moving bed at a point which is radially outside the point of introduction of the materials to be disposed of. It is made use of the experience that only a weak exchange of material and heat takes place in the moving bed in the radial direction. Thus, although hot bulk material is supplied in the radially outer area of the moving bed, the radially inner area of the heating bed, which primarily guides the materials to be disposed of, remains sufficiently cool.
  • a second variant of the method consists in that the uncooled bulk material is introduced a certain distance below the uppermost surface area of the moving bed. As a result of the fact that the uncooled bulk material is not introduced at the uppermost point of the moving bed, it does not heat up the area of the moving bed above its point of introduction, so that it stays cool. As a result, the material to be disposed of can penetrate deep enough into the moving bed before the reaction begins.
  • the uncooled part of the bulk material flow is advantageously about 20 to 70% of the total bulk material flow.
  • the energy balance is further improved in the embodiment of the method in which a heating gas flow is circulated at least through the edge region of the moving bed.
  • the proportion of the circulating heating gas flow in the total heating gas flow can in particular correspond to the proportion of the uncirculated portion of the bulk material flow in the total bulk material.
  • the return device is designed such that at least a portion of the bulk material is returned uncooled to an inlet opening which of the inlet opening for the materials to be disposed of is located at a point where a higher temperature may prevail in the moving bed.
  • a first embodiment of this device is characterized in that the inlet opening for the uncooled bulk material is located radially outside the inlet opening for the materials to be disposed of.
  • the return device can contain a cooler, via which a part of the bulk material is returned to an inlet opening.
  • a cooler via which a part of the bulk material is returned to an inlet opening.
  • the inlet opening for the cool part of the returned bulk material lies at a higher point in the housing than the inlet opening for the uncooled bulk material. This measure also promotes the formation of a vertical temperature profile in which the temperature rise in the uppermost region of the moving bed does not take place too quickly.
  • An embodiment of the device according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the housing has at least one in the radially outer, lower region has another discharge opening, which hot bulk material is removed and fed uncooled to the associated inlet opening.
  • An energetically particularly favorable embodiment of the device is characterized by a heating gas flow which is at least circulated through the edge region of the moving bed.
  • Figure 1 a first embodiment of a device for the disposal of grenades containing arsenic-organic warfare agents
  • Figure 2 schematically a second embodiment of such a device
  • FIG. 3 the upper area of a third exemplary embodiment of such a device
  • Figure 4 the upper region of a fourth embodiment of such a device
  • Figure 5 a device for the disposal of explosive grenades.
  • FIG. 1 shows, as the main component of the device with which grenades containing arsenic containing warfare agents in particular can be disposed of, a shaft furnace 1.
  • This comprises a housing 2 with an upper, essentially cylindrical section 3 and a lower discharge section 4, which tapers conically downwards.
  • the discharge section 4 has an outlet opening 5, via which the interior of the discharge section 4 communicates with a discharge collecting space 6.
  • a gas outlet opening 8 is provided at a somewhat greater distance from the bottom of the discharge collecting space 6.
  • a lid-like upper housing part 10 is placed, in which there are various inlet openings 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.
  • the inlet openings 11, 12, 13, 14 can each be arranged in pairs which perform the same function, that is to say are connected in parallel in terms of flow, and are arranged symmetrically to the central inlet opening 15.
  • a bed is supplied to the interior of the housing 2 in a manner to be described in more detail, which in the new state of the device consists exclusively of steel balls during operation a mixture of steel balls and scrap created by the detonation of grenades.
  • this bed fills part of the discharge collecting space 6, the entire conical discharge section 4 and the entire cylindrical section 3 of the housing in the operational state of the shaft furnace 1.
  • the steel balls are dimensioned such that they form a "flowable" bed IS in the manner of a moving bed within the housing 1.
  • Ignition device 18 At a certain distance below the surface of the moving bed 16 adjacent to the upper housing part 10 is one Ignition device 18, for example in the form of two electrodes generating an electric field, is provided.
  • the grenades to be disposed of are supplied via the middle inlet opening 15 in the upper housing part 10. These mix with the mixture of scrap and steel balls introduced via the inlet openings 11, 14 and move together with this, integrated into the moving bed 16, downward within the shaft furnace 1, as will become clearer below.
  • Heating gas is introduced via the central inlet openings 13 seen in the radial direction and auxiliary materials such as water, fuels, air, cooling gas and chemicals are introduced via the inlet openings 12 adjacent to the outer inlet openings 11, depending on the type of materials disposed of in the shaft furnace 1 should be.
  • Inlet openings 11, 13, 15 that are not required are of course closed when the shaft furnace 1 is in operation.
  • the discharge opening 7 of the discharge collecting space 6 is connected to a detoxification system 20 by a line 19.
  • Another line 21 also connects the gas outlet opening 8 to the detoxification system 20.
  • the exact structure of the detoxification system 20, with which the chemical warfare agents contained in the grenades are detoxified, is of no interest in the present context.
  • the chemical / physical processes taking place here can correspond to those described in DE 44 38 414 C2. It is sufficient to know that various products can be removed from the detoxification system 20 via four lines: Bulk material, on the surface of which reaction products may have separated, leaves the line via the line 22. processing system 20. Various residues are discharged in solid form via line 23. Scrap that comes from the grenade pods exits via line 24, as does cleaned gas via line 25 that can be fed into a chimney.
  • the line 22 carrying bulk material branches at point 26 into a first line 27 and a second line 28.
  • the first line 27 leads directly to the radially outermost inlet openings 11 in the upper housing part 10.
  • a cooler 30 is located in the second line 28 which the bulk material can be cooled down to a lower temperature; the line 28 leads from the cooler 30 further to the two inlet openings 14 adjacent to the central inlet opening 15.
  • a line 31 also opens into the line 28, via which fresh steel balls can be introduced if required.
  • the grenades to be disposed of are in a correspondingly coordinated amount via the inlet opening 15 in the housing. fed top 10 and mixed with the bulk material.
  • the moving bed 16 On the upper housing part 10, the moving bed 16 has, at least in the vicinity of the inlet openings 14 and 15, a temperature which is clearly below the ignition temperature of the grenades, for example at 120 ° C. However, the deeper the grenades with the bulk material in the moving bed 16 sink down, the higher the temperature to which they are exposed. If the grenades come close to the ignition device 18, they already have a temperature which is not far from the ignition temperature. All that is now required is a relatively small further increase in temperature due to a further supply of energy and / or the ignition device 18 in order to trigger the controlled explosion. The thermal and mechanical energy released in the process is absorbed by the bulk material surrounding the grenades and partly passed on to the walls of the housing 2, which are designed for this purpose in a suitable manner.
  • the moving bed 16 is not only heated by the thermal and mechanical energy of the detonation; rather, part of the heat must be supplied from the outside with the help of the heating gas which is introduced via the inlet openings 13 in the upper housing part 10.
  • the vertical temperature profile described above which prevails in the central region of the moving bed 16, differs because of the supply of hot bulk material via the inlet openings 11 from the vertical temperature profile which is present in the radially outer region of the moving bed 16.
  • the moving bed 16 essentially contains steel balls, metal scrap, which resulted from the explosion from the metallic shell, chemicals as reaction products and gases.
  • the solid bulk material is fed to the detoxification system 20 via the discharge opening 7 and the line 19.
  • the gases which have passed through the shaft furnace 1 in the same direction as the bulk material are likewise introduced into the detoxification system 20 via the outlet opening 8.
  • the bulk material which still leaves the detoxification system 20 via line 22 at a high temperature, is now divided into two partial flows in accordance with the heat balance of the shaft furnace 1 at the branching point 26.
  • a first partial flow 27 of the bulk material passes uncooled, ie at a high temperature, via the line
  • the second partial flow 28 of the bulk material which is cooled in the cooler 30 and introduced into the interior of the shaft furnace 1 via the line 28 and the inlet openings 14, is kept as small as possible; it ensures that the temperature profile existing in the vertical direction in the interior of the shaft furnace 1 takes the desired course, that is, in the upper, central region of the bulk material 16, the ignition temperature of the grenades does not yet occur, but only at a sufficient distance from the upper surface of the Detonate bulk goods 16.
  • the second exemplary embodiment of the disposal device shown in FIG. 2 largely corresponds to that described above with reference to FIG. 1. Corresponding parts are therefore identified by the same reference number plus 100. The following description is limited to differences which the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 has compared to that of FIG. 1.
  • the housing 102 has further discharge openings 140 arranged in the radially outer and lower region, to which the in the radially outer region of the interior of the moving bed 116 bulk material is guided with the aid of guide surfaces 141 which flare conically downward.
  • the additional discharge openings 140 are connected to the inlet openings 111 in the upper housing part 110 via lines 127a, 127b.
  • the bulk material which leaves the detoxification system 120 via the line 122 is not split into two partial flows, but is fed entirely to a cooler 130 and is cooled there to a low temperature.
  • This bulk material is fed via line 128 in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 to the inlet openings 114 in the upper housing part 110.
  • the cover-like housing part 10 or 110 was designed such that the inlet openings 10 to 15 or 110 to 115 were approximately at the same height. This is different in the embodiment - example of Figure 3. This figure shows only the upper region of the device adjacent to the upper housing part. Otherwise, it corresponds to either the device according to FIG. 1 or that according to FIG. 2. Parts in FIG. 3 which correspond to those in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference symbols plus 200.
  • the upper housing part 210 which rests on the upper edge of the cylindrical housing region 203, is designed in the following manner: a central region 210a, which is circular in plan view, lies higher than a radially outer region 210b, which is annular in plan view.
  • the regions 210a and 210b of the upper housing part 210 are connected to one another by a cylindrical region 210c which is coaxial with the axis of the housing region 203. Since the interior of the housing 202 is completely filled with the moving bed 216, this means that the surface 216a of the moving bed 216 in the central area is higher than the surface 216 b in the edge area.
  • the middle inlet opening 215 in the upper housing part 210, via which the waste material is fed, and the adjacent inlet openings 214, via which the cold bulk material is fed, are located in the upper region 210a of the upper housing part, while the inlet openings 213, 212 and 211, via which Heating gas, auxiliary materials or hot bulk goods in the interior of the
  • Shaft furnace 201 are introduced, are located in the lower-lying annular region 210 a of the upper housing part 210.
  • the hot bulk material is only introduced to a certain "depth" below the uppermost surface area 216a of the moving bed 216; the part of the moving bed 216 located within the “elevation” of the upper housing part 210 is not heated by the hot bulk material.
  • FIG. 4 is a representation similar to FIG. 3, so it only shows the area of the upper housing part. Parts in FIG. 4 which correspond to those in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference number plus 300.
  • the upper housing part 310 of Figure 4 is double graded. It has a central region 310a which is circular in plan view, a first region 310b which is adjacent to it in plan view and a second region, radially outer region 310d which is annular in plan view.
  • the central region 310a is connected to the first annular region 310b of the upper housing part 310 via a first cylindrical region 310c and the first annular region 310b is connected to the second, outer annular region 310d of the upper housing part 310 by a second cylindrical region 310e.
  • This gradation of the upper housing part 310 is reflected in a double surface gradation of the upper surface of the moving bed 316, which has a central, highest region 316a, an adjacent, somewhat lower annular region 316b and a deepest, radially outer annular region 316c has.
  • the inlet opening 315 for the waste material and the inlet openings 314 for the cold bulk material that are adjacent to it are again in the uppermost, central region 310a of the upper housing part 310, the inlet openings 313 and 312 for the heating gas or auxiliary materials are in the adjacent annular region 310b of the upper housing part 310, while the inlet openings 311 for the hot returned bulk material can be found in the radially outermost region 310d of the upper housing part 310.
  • the various components are added at those "depths" below the uppermost surface area 316a of the moving bed 316 at which this is most favorable for maintaining the desired vertical temperature profile in the moving bed 316.
  • the device shown in FIG. 5 is intended for the disposal of explosive grenades, that is to say those grenades which contain no chemical warfare agents and instead contain a larger amount of explosives.
  • the general structure of this device is similar to that of FIG. Corresponding parts are therefore identified by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2, plus 300.
  • the housing 402 of this device therefore contains not only a lower central discharge opening 305 for the bulk material but also additional discharge openings 440 in the radially outer, lower region.
  • the differences between the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 2 and 5 are as follows:
  • the housing upper part 410 is simply stepped, similar to that which is shown in FIG. 3. I.e. , it has a higher circular top view
  • Area 410a in which, in addition to the central inlet opening 415 for the material to be disposed of, there are inlet openings 414 for the cold steel balls and inlet openings 413 for heating gas and inlet openings 412 for auxiliary materials.
  • the radially outer, lower-lying area 410b of the housing upper part which is annular in plan view, contains the inlet openings 411, which are called via the lines 427a, 427b Steel balls are supplied, which are withdrawn from the moving bed 416 via the additional discharge openings 440.
  • area 410b there are also additional inlet openings 490 for heating gas. These are connected via lines 491 to additional outlet openings 492 for heating gas which are arranged in the radially outer region of the housing 402.
  • a heating gas flow is circulated through the radially outer region of the moving bed 416, which contributes to energy saving.
  • the volume proportion of this heating gas in the total heating gas flow preferably corresponds to the proportion that the bulk material flow returned via the lines 427a and 427b makes up in the total bulk material flow.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant d'évacuer des matériaux, notamment des obus, contenant des matières à haute énergie. Dans un boîtier (2) à l'épreuve de la pression, ces matériaux sont mélangés à produit en vrac, formant ainsi un lit fluidisé (16). Une réaction des matières à haute énergie est initiée dans des conditions contrôlées à l'intérieur du lit fluidisé (16) à une certaine distance de la zone superficielle supérieure de ce lit fluidisé. Le produit en vrac quittant le lit fluidisé (16) est au moins partiellement renvoyé non refroidi dans la zone d'admission du lit fluidisé (16) mais à un autre endroit qu'au point d'admission des matériaux à évacuer. Ainsi, la consommation d'énergie nécessaire au fonctionnement continu du dispositif ou à la mise en oeuvre du procédé est maintenue basse.
EP02792763A 2001-11-22 2002-11-14 Procede et dispositif d'evacuation de materiaux, notamment de granules, contenant des matieres a haute energie Expired - Fee Related EP1446631B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001157163 DE10157163A1 (de) 2001-11-22 2001-11-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entsorgung von hochenergetische Stoffe enthaltenden Materialien, insbesondere von Granaten
DE10157163 2001-11-22
PCT/EP2002/012734 WO2003044446A1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-14 Procede et dispositif d'evacuation de materiaux, notamment de granules, contenant des matieres a haute energie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1446631A1 true EP1446631A1 (fr) 2004-08-18
EP1446631B1 EP1446631B1 (fr) 2007-06-13

Family

ID=7706486

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02792763A Expired - Fee Related EP1446631B1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-14 Procede et dispositif d'evacuation de materiaux, notamment de granules, contenant des matieres a haute energie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1446631B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005509841A (fr)
DE (2) DE10157163A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2004119040A (fr)
WO (1) WO2003044446A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10204551B4 (de) * 2002-02-05 2008-08-07 GFE GmbH & Co. KG Gesellschaft für Entsorgung Vorrichtung zur Entsorgung gefährlicher oder hochenergetischer Materialien
DE102004030206B4 (de) * 2004-06-22 2010-07-29 K.A. Tauber Spezialbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren, und Verwendung eines Ofens zum Deaktivieren von Munitionsresten
DE102013018637A1 (de) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-07 Eisenmann Ag Anlage zum Entsorgen gefährlicher oder hochenergetischer Materialien

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3720045A1 (de) * 1987-06-16 1989-01-05 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Filter zum reinigen eines gasfoermigen mediums
WO1994020205A1 (fr) * 1993-03-08 1994-09-15 The Sientific Ecology Group, Inc. Procede et systeme de reformage a la vapeur de materiaux liquides ou boueux a traiter
DE4438414C2 (de) * 1994-10-27 1997-12-18 Sveg Stoffverwertungs Und Ents Verfahren zur thermisch-katalytischen Aufarbeitung chemischer Kampfstoffe
US5582119A (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-12-10 International Technology Corporation Treatment of explosive waste
DE19738106C2 (de) * 1997-09-01 2001-01-04 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zum thermischen Behandeln von flüchtige, brennbare Bestandteile enthaltendem Material
DE19911175C5 (de) * 1999-03-12 2009-09-17 Eisenmann Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlicher oder hochenergetischer Materialien sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03044446A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1446631B1 (fr) 2007-06-13
JP2005509841A (ja) 2005-04-14
DE10157163A1 (de) 2003-06-18
DE50210329D1 (de) 2007-07-26
RU2004119040A (ru) 2005-10-27
WO2003044446A1 (fr) 2003-05-30

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