EP1432670A1 - Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide - Google Patents

Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide

Info

Publication number
EP1432670A1
EP1432670A1 EP02782825A EP02782825A EP1432670A1 EP 1432670 A1 EP1432670 A1 EP 1432670A1 EP 02782825 A EP02782825 A EP 02782825A EP 02782825 A EP02782825 A EP 02782825A EP 1432670 A1 EP1432670 A1 EP 1432670A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alcohol
catalyst
water
column
lactic acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02782825A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Hildebrandt
Arnold Alscher
Hans-Jürgen Vollmer
Wihelm HÖLTMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Haltermann GmbH
Original Assignee
Haltermann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Haltermann GmbH filed Critical Haltermann GmbH
Priority to EP02782825A priority Critical patent/EP1432670A1/fr
Publication of EP1432670A1 publication Critical patent/EP1432670A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C67/52—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
    • C07C67/54—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C69/66—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
    • C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
    • C07C69/675—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids of saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • C07C69/68—Lactic acid esters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the preparation of esters of a hydroxy acid and a C j -C 8 alcohol, in particular for the production of » lactates.
  • Lactic acid esters are suitable as solvents for cellulose nitrates, acetates and ethers, chlorinated rubber, polyvinyl compounds and the like. They are also used as plasticizers for cellulose and vinyl resins, as paint solvents and as solvents in chip manufacture.
  • Lactic acid esters are usually synthesized from lactic acid and the corresponding alcohol in the liquid phase in the presence of acidic catalysts. Since liquid acid catalysts remain in the end product, a large number of undesirable side reactions occur.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method mentioned at the outset which allows the preparation of the esters mentioned in good yield and with high purity.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the esterification is carried out by reactive distillation over a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • the term reactive distillation refers to the combination of a chemical reaction (here esterification) and distillative material separation. It is crucial that a distillative separation of substances follows immediately after the catalyzed reaction of the products and any remaining educts of the reaction. In contrast to homogeneous catalysis with a liquid catalyst, the reaction product is thus separated from the heterogeneous catalyst immediately after the reaction.
  • Any material that can catalyze the esterification reaction is suitable as a catalyst.
  • Acidic catalysts are preferably used.
  • the catalyst is heterogeneous. This means that it is in a different state of matter from educts and products of the esterification reaction.
  • a solid phase catalyst is usually used.
  • An ⁇ -hydroxy acid particularly preferably lactic acid, is preferably used as the hydroxy acid.
  • A is preferred
  • Esters prepared with a C 2 -C 8 alcohol particularly preferably with a C 2 -C 4 alcohol.
  • the alcohol is preferably a primary or secondary alcohol, which can be selected from the group consisting of ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol and sec-butanol.
  • the catalyst is preferably fixed in the distillation or rectification column.
  • a packed column is preferably used (for definition see Ulimanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition, volume B3, page 4-71). All or part of the column packing can be provided with or replaced by a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • Column-attached structured packing can be used, such as the Katapak ® -S packing from Sulzer Chemtech AG. This pack consists of layered wire mesh, the catalyst can be stored in pockets between the fabric layers and thereby fixed.
  • An acidic ion exchange resin such as, for example, the macroporous acidic ion exchange resin, is preferably used as the catalyst.
  • Amberlyst ® 15 shear resin from Röhm and Haas. Commercial pellets of this catalyst with a diameter between 0.35 and 1.2 mm can be used.
  • the desired contact time of the starting materials in the column can be controlled by varying the distillation / rectification parameters.
  • the higher-boiling starting material usually lactic acid
  • the reaction parameters can also be influenced by the choice of the reflux ratio of the column, the column temperature and (depending on this) the pressure in the column.
  • a suitable entrainer can also be used to separate the water, with which water and water of reaction present in the starting materials are distilled off as an azeotrope. Under certain circumstances, even the alcohol used for the esterification can be used as an entrainer. In the preparation of an isopropyl ether, excess isopropanol can simultaneously serve as an entrainer for water.
  • the reaction temperature on the catalyst can be 60-200 ° C, preferably 60-150 ° C, more preferably 70-100 ° C. This temperature depends on the boiling points of the liquid or gaseous products distilling in the column. These can be varied if necessary by adjusting a overpressure or underpressure in the column. An upper limit of the temperature is also determined by the catalyst material used. For example, styrene-based catalysts are only temperature stable up to about 95 - 100 ° C, at higher temperatures they release sulfuric acid. Silicon-based catalysts are often more temperature-stable up to, for example, around 200 ° C.
  • the pressure in the column is generally chosen so that the alcohol used boils at a temperature which is below any decomposition temperature of the heterogeneous catalyst used.
  • the low-volatility ester obtained in the reaction is withdrawn from the column as the bottom product.
  • the bottom temperature may be so high that decomposition reactions occur.
  • heterogeneous catalyst according to the invention in the context of a reactive distillation has the additional advantage that impurities of metal ions which may be present in the starting materials are removed from the liquid phase by deactivating the catalyst. This gives high-purity esters which can be used particularly advantageously as solvents for photoresists or the like in chip production.
  • the invention is described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments.
  • the figure shows schematically a plant for performing the method according to the invention.
  • a packed rectification column 1 has several sections. Two sections labeled with the reference numbers 2 and 3 have a catalytic packing, which can be the Katapak ® -S from Sulzer Chemtech AG mentioned above. This catalytic packing is filled with an acidic ion exchange resin in the form of pellets.
  • the alcohol is fed in at 4, at 5 the lactic acid fed in at 6 is fed in together with lactic acid dimer which is returned via line 7 and which originate from the processing of the crude ester explained below.
  • 8 water water of reaction and, if appropriate, water contained in starting products
  • an entrainer is drawn off at the top of the column, if appropriate together with an entrainer.
  • the crude ester is withdrawn from the column bottom via line 9. It typically has a purity of 90-95%.
  • This crude ester is subjected to a distillative treatment in a conventional column 10. From this column 10 remaining volatile fractions such as residual water and alcohol are withdrawn at the top of the column at 11.
  • the lactic acid ester is withdrawn from the column at 12. Based on the lactic acid used, it is obtained with a yield which is generally above 95%.
  • the bottom of this working up by distillation essentially contains dimeric lactic acid formed as a by-product, which is fed back via the line 7 already mentioned as a starting material to the packed rectification column 1.
  • This easy reusability of dimeric lactic acid is a particular advantage of the present invention.
  • the reaction mixture has to be neutralized in order to suppress further reactions. This neutralization makes a subsequent immediate reuse (recyclability) of processed by-products impossible.
  • Plant Continuous distillation plant with 5 sections. Bottom section and sections 4 and 5 with 40 mm diameter with Sulzer CY® packing, sections 2 and 3 with 70 mm diameter and catalytic packing. Phase separator on the head with recycling of the organic phase via section 4. Lactic acid insert via section 3 and propanol insert via section 1.
  • Entrainer 445 g n-heptane first filling, further addition as required when head temperature rises.
  • Lactic acid Over the 3rd shot at 90 ° C, increased to 350 g / h, total 15850 g
  • Katapak ® -S filled with an acidic ion exchange resin was used as the catalytic packing.
  • N-heptane was used as an entrainer for water of reaction and water contained in the starting products.
  • the lactic acid used was 80% with a water content of 20%.
  • the column was filled with n-propanol and heptane before starting. The completeness of the reaction based on the bottom product was checked using the acidity in the bottom.
  • the feed amounts (use of n-propanol and lactic acid) were adjusted so that this acidity in the sump was significantly below 1 mg KOH / g.
  • the bottom temperature initially reached about 165 ° C., the n-propanol content in the bottom was less than 1%. This high bottom temperature favors further and side reactions of the bottom product, so a little n-propanol (5-7%) was cut into the bottom and the bottom temperature was reduced to about 144-146 ° C.
  • the content of n-propyl lactate in the sump was determined by gas chromatography and was approximately 93.5%.
  • the finished product was examined by gas chromatography and had a n-propyl lactate content of 99.77%.
  • the n-propa- nol content was 0.13%, the water content 0.02% and the acidity 0.08 mg KOH / g.
  • Plant Continuous distillation plant with 5 sections. Bottom section and sections 4 and 5 with 40 mm diameter with Sulzer CY® packing, sections 2 and 3 with 70 mm diameter and catalytic packing. Phase separator on the head with recycling of the organic phase via section 4. Lactic acid use via section 3 and ethanol via section 1.
  • Entrainer 120 g diisopropyl ether initial filling, further addition as required if the head temperature rises. Later also added cyclohexane as an entrainer.
  • Reflux 1: 0.5 inserts: ethanol: over the 1st shot at 80 ° C, approx. 30 g / h, total 3148 g
  • Lactic acid About 3rd shot at 90 ° C, approx. 55 g / h, total 2631 g
  • the column was filled with ethanol and diisopropyl ether as an entrainer.
  • the acidity in the bottom was somewhat higher than in the synthesis of n-propyl lactate, since the esterification reaction proceeded only relatively slowly at the low temperatures in the column.
  • Reactive distillation under positive pressure with a correspondingly elevated column temperature can accelerate the reaction rate.
  • the ethyl acetate content in the bottom was 80.7% and the ethanol content was 5.7%.
  • the proportion of di-lactide was 3%.
  • the residue from the workup contained high proportions of lactic acid and dilactide and can be fed back into the reactive distillation column as a starting material. It is advantageous to add about 10% water to this residue in order to facilitate the decomposition of the dilactide into lactic acid.
  • the overall yield of ethyl lactate, based on the lactic acid used is somewhat over 95%.
  • Plant Continuous distillation plant with 5 or 6 sections. Bottom section and sections 5 and 6 with 40 mm diameter with Sulzer CY® packing, sections 2 and 3 (test series 1) or sections 2, 3 and 4 (test series 2) with 70 mm diameter and catalytic packing. Lactic acid input over the catalytic sections and ethanol over section 1.
  • Lactic acid over 3rd shot with over 4th shot with 95 ° C 75 g / h, 95 ° C 140 g / h, total 1850 g total 2160 g
  • Top product 330 g / h, 550 g / h, with 8 - 12% water, with 9 - 10% water, total 8060 g total 8010 g
  • test series 1 column sections 2 and 3 were filled with a catalytic packing, in test series 2 the reactive zone was extended by one section. An excess of isopropanol was used as an entrainer. The isopropanol / water stream was withdrawn overhead. The lactic acid used above the catalytic sections was 80% (water content 20%). The column was filled with isopropanol before starting.
  • the residual sump 4 was easily used as a reactant in the reactive distillation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de l'invention est un procédé permettant de produire des esters d'un hydroxyacide et d'un alcool C1-C8. Selon l'invention, l'estérification a lieu par distillation réactive sur un catalyseur hétérogène. L'invention permet en particulier de produire des esters d'acide lactique de grande pureté avec un rendement élevé.
EP02782825A 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide Withdrawn EP1432670A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02782825A EP1432670A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01123859A EP1300387A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Procédé de préparation d'esters d'acides hydroxy carboxyliques
EP01123859 2001-10-05
EP02782825A EP1432670A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide
PCT/EP2002/011120 WO2003031386A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1432670A1 true EP1432670A1 (fr) 2004-06-30

Family

ID=8178857

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01123859A Withdrawn EP1300387A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Procédé de préparation d'esters d'acides hydroxy carboxyliques
EP02782825A Withdrawn EP1432670A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Procede de production d'esters d'un hydroxyacide

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01123859A Withdrawn EP1300387A1 (fr) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Procédé de préparation d'esters d'acides hydroxy carboxyliques

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050096481A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1300387A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040048925A (fr)
CN (1) CN1305833C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002347050A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003031386A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7652167B2 (en) 2004-07-19 2010-01-26 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Process for production of organic acid esters
CN101389587A (zh) * 2006-02-28 2009-03-18 国际壳牌研究有限公司 用于羧酸的反应性蒸馏的方法
US9040740B2 (en) 2010-05-18 2015-05-26 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for preparing alkyl lactate and a method for preparing lactamide using the same
US8501875B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2013-08-06 Covidien Lp Surface induced ring-opening polymerization and medical devices formed therefrom
CN102381973B (zh) * 2011-09-19 2014-01-29 南京大学 一种超高纯度（电子级）乳酸酯类产品的生产工艺
US9114328B2 (en) 2012-05-16 2015-08-25 Eastman Chemical Company Reactive distillation of a carboxylic acid and a glycol
US9040748B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2015-05-26 Eastman Chemical Company Hydrocarboxylation of aqueous formaldehyde using a dehydrating recycle stream to decrease water concentration
CN104610061B (zh) * 2015-02-06 2016-09-28 孝感市易生新材料有限公司 电子级乳酸乙酯的制备方法
KR102605799B1 (ko) * 2015-10-02 2023-11-23 미츠비시 가스 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 고순도 카복실산 에스터 및 그의 제조 방법

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JPS6163637A (ja) * 1984-09-03 1986-04-01 Toray Ind Inc 乳酸エステルの製造方法
US5071754A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-12-10 Battelle Memorial Institute Production of esters of lactic acid, esters of acrylic acid, lactic acid, and acrylic acid
US5420304A (en) * 1992-03-19 1995-05-30 Biopak Technology, Ltd. Method to produce cyclic esters
GB9413408D0 (en) * 1994-07-04 1994-08-24 British Petroleum Co Process
JPH0840983A (ja) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-13 Mitsubishi Chem Corp 乳酸エステルの製造方法
DE19541213A1 (de) * 1995-11-04 1997-05-07 Rwe Dea Ag Verfahren zur chemischen Umsetzung von Stoffen in einer Reaktionskolonne
CN1069893C (zh) * 1996-08-03 2001-08-22 中国石化齐鲁石油化工公司 甲基丙烯酸甲酯和乙酯的制造方法
BE1014031A3 (fr) * 1997-07-04 2003-03-04 Basf Ag La preparation d'esters.
US6229046B1 (en) * 1997-10-14 2001-05-08 Cargill, Incorported Lactic acid processing methods arrangements and products
JPH11335319A (ja) * 1998-05-19 1999-12-07 Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd α−ヒドロキシカルボン酸の製造方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1564801A (zh) 2005-01-12
KR20040048925A (ko) 2004-06-10
WO2003031386A9 (fr) 2004-12-29
CN1305833C (zh) 2007-03-21
WO2003031386A1 (fr) 2003-04-17
AU2002347050A1 (en) 2003-04-22
US20050096481A1 (en) 2005-05-05
EP1300387A1 (fr) 2003-04-09

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