EP1421878B1 - Corps moule, particulièrement coussins - Google Patents

Corps moule, particulièrement coussins Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1421878B1
EP1421878B1 EP03019425A EP03019425A EP1421878B1 EP 1421878 B1 EP1421878 B1 EP 1421878B1 EP 03019425 A EP03019425 A EP 03019425A EP 03019425 A EP03019425 A EP 03019425A EP 1421878 B1 EP1421878 B1 EP 1421878B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaped body
body according
gel
layer
polyurethane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03019425A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1421878A1 (fr
Inventor
Adolf Stender
Peter Dr. Gansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technogel GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Technogel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technogel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Technogel GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1421878A1 publication Critical patent/EP1421878A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/021—Detachable or loose seat cushions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses or cushions
    • A47C27/085—Fluid mattresses or cushions of liquid type, e.g. filled with water or gel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses or cushions
    • A47C27/086—Fluid mattresses or cushions with fluid-like particles, e.g. filled with beads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/142—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays with projections, depressions or cavities
    • A47C27/144—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays with projections, depressions or cavities inside the mattress or cushion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/15—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays consisting of two or more layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/18—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays in combination with inflatable bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/20—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays with springs moulded in, or situated in cavities or openings in foamed material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/006—Use of three-dimensional fabrics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs
    • A61G5/1045—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs for the seat portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05738—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with fluid-like particles, e.g. sand, mud, seeds, gel, beads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaped body, in particular for a seat cushion.
  • the invention has for its object to make such a shaped body so that it can be used in particular for a seat cushion and here leads to a high level of comfort compared to conventional seat cushion reduced height and generally for the seating area (armrests, back cushion, neck pillow) and in particular for the vehicle sector can be used, in which a reduction in the height is particularly advantageous, as a result, a higher installation space for technical installations can be created under the vehicle seat.
  • the support in the region of the pressure peaks occurring under load have a closer distance from each other, wherein the support may be preferably formed columnar.
  • the upper support is a Abstandgewirk consisting of two interconnected by spacer threads textile surfaces.
  • the known spacer fabric is composed of a fabric base, a fabric side and from this connecting guide bars.
  • the properties of a spacer knit are essentially influenced by the binding structures, ie the integration of the threads in the surface, the stitch density and the thread thickness. Due to their 3D structure, spacer fabrics offer many technical advantages such as air permeability, low weight, good resilience, shock absorption, heat circulation, recyclability, grade purity and good ductility.
  • the gel layer consists of a polyurethane gel whose chemical structure may consist of long polymer threads and only a few links without added plasticizer.
  • the polyol component for the preparation of the gel from one or more polyols having a molecular weight between 1000 and 12000 and an OH number between 20 and 112, wherein the product of the functionalities of the polyurethane-forming components is at least 5 and the isocyanate Code is between 15 and 60.
  • isocyanates for gel preparation those of the formula Q (NCO) in which n is 2 to 4 and Q is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 15 carbon atoms. Atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 15 carbon atoms, and when the polyurethane is prepared with isocyanates in pure form or with urethanized, allophanised, biuretized or functionally correspondingly modified isocyanates.
  • the patent EP 57 838 claims gels for the prevention of bedsores, which are characterized by a low characteristic, that is by so-called sub-crosslinking. They are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate with long-chain polyols, which should be free of short-chain fractions. These dimensionally stable gels made of polyurethane raw materials can be used as mattresses, mattress inserts, automobile seats and as upholstery material.
  • the patent EP 511 570 discloses improved gels of polyols and isocyanates with low characteristic numbers, which are prepared from mixtures of long-chain and short-chain polyethers.
  • the processing technology to produce cheaper Polyol and Polyiscyanatgemische find preferred use as upholstery material in the footwear industry, as editions to prevent or prevent injuries, face masks, as padding of horse saddles and in other applications.
  • the known polyol and isocyanate mixtures always have the disadvantage of the high own weight and the associated high heat capacity for the applications exemplified above. Due to the high weight of about 1.0 g / cm 3 , the use is limited to applications in which the weight plays a minor role in relation to the excellent pressure-distributing properties. In addition, the high heat capacity of the polyurethane gel in direct body contact can be perceived as unpleasant, since body heat to warm up the respective gel masses is clearly removed from the body.
  • the patent DE 43 08 445 A1 mentions various processes and patents (EP-B 0 057 839, WO-88/01878, EP 0 453 286) for the production of gel foams with air, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • the reduction of the specific weight and the associated reduction of the heat capacity are achieved to the desired extent, but the gels have the disadvantage that the cells formed under compressive stress on the cell inner walls due to the very high self-adhesive behavior of always undercrosslinked reaction products based on polyols and polyisocyanates ,
  • the cells are a weakening of the gel matrix, which has a negative effect on the mechanical properties, such as elongation at break and tensile strength.
  • a cellular gel returns more slowly to its original position after loading.
  • shrinkage problems can occur, as they are known from the processing of polyurethane foams.
  • Another disadvantage of the polyurethane gels described is the single-seat behavior. Especially at the first contact, a gel cushion is often felt to be hard, because only with a time delay, the gel flows or flowed into the desired position guaranteeing an optimal pressure distribution.
  • a gel mass that provides a significant reduction in weight, heat capacity and seating comfort while retaining typical gel properties, such as The inclusion of shear forces makes possible a significant technical improvement.
  • the gel masses to be used for the gel layer according to the invention should avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and combine the typical advantageous gel properties with a low specific weight of an overall lower thermal conductivity as well as good durability and permanently consistent utility model properties. It is therefore advantageous if the gel layer contains elastic hollow microspheres as filler, wherein the hollow microspheres consist of polymeric material, preferably polyolefin, and are coated with a cover layer of an inorganic material, preferably calcium carbonate.
  • the hollow microspheres have a diameter of 10 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m, and if the proportion of Mikrohohokugeln in the gel material is 0.1 to 10 wt .-%.
  • the seating comfort can be improved by distributing coarse-grained solid particles in the gel mass, which consist of cork pieces, cork flour, pieces of wood, wood chips, foam flocks, polystyrene, textile fibers or textile pieces whose diameter is preferably between 0.1 mm and 15 mm.
  • Figure 1 shows in cross-section serving in particular as a seat cushion molding, with a lower, supporting, a lower support surface 1 forming, consisting of a polyurethane gel gel layer 2, on their upper side integral, spaced from each other via expansion channels 4 supports 3, on which a polyurethane foam layer 6 rests, the top 5 is covered by an upper support 7.
  • the integral projections 6a of the polyurethane foam layer 6 extend up to the base 8 of the expansion channels and can be supported thereon. Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows that the polyurethane foam layer 6 fully encloses the gel layer 2 laterally.
  • Figure 4 shows a further modified embodiment, which is a quasi combination of the embodiments according to Figures 1 and 3. Because here are on the one hand expansion channels 4 are provided, which are free of lower approaches of the polyurethane foam layer 6, but immersed with integral lugs 6a in expansion channels lesser depth and smaller cross-section, with these lugs 6a can be supported on the floor 8 of these expansion channels.
  • the gel layer 2 can be glued after removal of a film produced together with her with the polyurethane foam layer 6.
  • the Polyurthan foam layer could also be glued over an applied adhesive to the supports of the gel layer.
  • the upper support 7 is a spacer fabric, which consists of two interconnected by spacer threads textile surfaces.
  • the main advantages of the molding according to the invention can be seen in the increased seating comfort with reduced height, the favorable ventilation properties, the good pressure distribution, a soft Einsitz and in the reduced weight in comparison with a pure gel seat.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Corps moulé, en particulier, pour un coussin d'assise, comprenant une couche de gel (2) inférieure, portante formant une surface inférieure portante (1) en gel de polyuréthane, qui présente sur son côté supérieur, des appuis (3) intégraux, séparés les uns des autres par des canaux de dilatation (4), appuis sur lesquels repose une couche (6) en mousse de polyuréthane, dont le côté supérieur (5) est recouvert par une couche supérieure d'appui (7).
  2. Corps moulé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les appuis (3) présentent un espacement plus réduit, dans la zone qui est soumise à des pointes de pression lors de l'application d'une charge.
  3. Corps moulé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les appuis (3) sont formés de colonnes.
  4. Corps moulé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3 caractérisé en ce que la couche (6) en mousse de polyuréthane présente sur son côté inférieur des saillies (6a) qui sont engagées dans les canaux de dilatation (4) de la couche de gel (2).
  5. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche supérieure d'appui (7) est un tricot d'espacement composé de deux faces en textile liées entre elles par des fils d'espacement.
  6. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche (6) en mousse de polyuréthane entoure complètement ou particulièrement le côté latéral de la couche de gel (2).
  7. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de gel (2) est collée à la couche (6) en mousse de polyuréthane après enlèvement d'une pellicule fabriquée en même temps que la couche de gel.
  8. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche de mousse de polyuréthane (6) est collée sur les appuis (3) de la couche de gel (2) avec une colle appliquée.
  9. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les saillies intégrales (6a) de la couche de mousse de polyuréthane (6) s'étendent jusqu'au fond (8) des canaux de dilatation (4).
  10. Corps moulé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (6a) de la couche de mousse de polyuréthane (6) s'appuient sur le fond (8) des canaux de dilatation (4).
  11. Corps de forme selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la structure chimique du gel de polyuréthane est constituée de fibres longues de polymère avec seulement peu d'enchaînement sans utilisation d'un ajout de plastifiant.
  12. Corps de forme selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que pour le gel est ajouté un polyuréthane sous-réticulé à base de polyols et de polyisocyanates ou polyéther et polyisocyanates.
  13. Corps de forme selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la masse de gel est préparée avec des produits bruts dans lesquels le produit de la fonction isocyanate et de la fonction des composants polyols est d'au moins 5,2, de préférence d'au moins 6,5 et, en particulier, d'au moins 7,5.
  14. Corps moulé selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que les composants polyols pour la préparation du gel sont constitués par un mélange de
    a) un ou plusieurs polyols avec un nombre d'hydroxyl inférieur à 112 et
    b) un ou plusieurs polyols avec des nombres d'hydroxyl dans l'intervalle de 112 à 600,

    dans lequel le rapport pondéral des composants a) sur les composants b) est compris entre 90:10 et 10:90, le nombre caractéristique d'isocyanate du mélange réactionnel est compris dans l'intervalle de 15 à 60, et le produit de la fonctionnalité isocyanate sur les fonctionnalités des composants polyols, est d'au moins 6.
  15. Corps moulé selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que les composants polyols pour la préparation du gel sont constitués par un ou plusieurs polyols de masse moléculaire comprise entre 1000 et 12 000, et un nombre d'OH compris entre 20 et 112, dans lequel le produit des fonctionnalités des composants formateurs de polyuréthane, est d'au moins 5, et le nombre caractéristique d'isocyanate est compris entre 15 et 80.
  16. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'on ajoute en tant qu'isocyanates pour la préparation du gel, ceux ayant la formule Q (NCO) dans laquelle n est compris entre 2 à 4, et Q est un groupe aliphatique hydrocarboné ayant de 8 à 18 atomes de C, un groupe cycloaliphatique hydrocarboné ayant de 4 à 15 atomes de C, un groupe aromatique hydrocarboné ayant de 6 à 15 atomes de C ou un groupe araliphatique ayant de 8 à 15 atomes de C.
  17. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le polyuréthane est préparé avec des isocyanates sous forme pure ou par des isiocyanates uréthanisés, allophanisés, biuréthisés ou modifiés de façon fonctionnellement correspondante.
  18. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de gel (2) renferme en tant que charge, des microbilles creuses élastiques.
  19. Corps moulé selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que les microbilles creuses sont en matière polymère de préférence en polyoléfine.
  20. Corps moulé selon la revendication 18 ou 19, caractérisé en ce que les microbilles creuses comportent une couche de couverture en matière inorganique de préférence en carbonate de calcium.
  21. Corps moulé selon la revendication 18, 19 ou 20, caractérisé en ce que les microbilles creuses ont un diamètre de 10 µm à 15 µm.
  22. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications 18 à 21, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de microbilles creuses dans le gel est comprise entre 0,1 et 10% en poids.
  23. Corps moulé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans la masse de gel, sont réparties des particules de matière solide à grains grossiers qui sont constitués par des morceaux de liège, de la farine de liège, des morceaux de bois, des copeaux de bois, des flocons de mousse, de polystyrène expansé, de fibres textiles ou des morceaux de textile.
  24. Corps moulé selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des particules de matière solide est compris entre 0,1 et 15 mm.
EP03019425A 2002-11-22 2003-08-28 Corps moule, particulièrement coussins Expired - Lifetime EP1421878B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10254678A DE10254678B4 (de) 2002-11-22 2002-11-22 Formkörper, insbesondere für ein Sitzpolster
DE10254678 2002-11-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1421878A1 EP1421878A1 (fr) 2004-05-26
EP1421878B1 true EP1421878B1 (fr) 2006-02-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03019425A Expired - Lifetime EP1421878B1 (fr) 2002-11-22 2003-08-28 Corps moule, particulièrement coussins

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040098806A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1421878B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE317655T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10254678B4 (fr)

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US8453348B2 (en) 2006-02-28 2013-06-04 Polyworks, Inc. Methods of making polymeric articles and polymeric articles formed thereby
CN105640152A (zh) * 2006-04-03 2016-06-08 骏威公司 具有凝胶部的床垫或床垫衬垫

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DE50302403D1 (de) 2006-04-20
US20040098806A1 (en) 2004-05-27
ATE317655T1 (de) 2006-03-15
DE10254678B4 (de) 2005-11-17
EP1421878A1 (fr) 2004-05-26
DE10254678A1 (de) 2004-06-09

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