EP1400998A2 - Elektrischer Schalter - Google Patents
Elektrischer Schalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1400998A2 EP1400998A2 EP03020620A EP03020620A EP1400998A2 EP 1400998 A2 EP1400998 A2 EP 1400998A2 EP 03020620 A EP03020620 A EP 03020620A EP 03020620 A EP03020620 A EP 03020620A EP 1400998 A2 EP1400998 A2 EP 1400998A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- actuating element
- switching device
- switching
- rocker switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H2003/008—Mechanisms for operating contacts with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
- H01H21/02—Details
- H01H21/18—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
- H01H21/22—Operating parts, e.g. handle
- H01H21/24—Operating parts, e.g. handle biased to return to normal position upon removal of operating force
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
- H01H2215/05—Tactile feedback electromechanical
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H23/00—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button
- H01H23/02—Details
- H01H23/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
- H01H23/14—Tumblers
- H01H23/143—Tumblers having a generally flat elongated shape
- H01H23/145—Tumblers having a generally flat elongated shape the actuating surface having two slightly inclined areas extending from the middle outward
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical toggle or rocker switch with an actuating element designed as a rocker arm or rocker and a switching device which can be actuated by means of the actuating element and a method for reporting a switching status a switching device which can be actuated by means of an actuating element when actuating the actuating element.
- Electrical switches are generally known and are used for opening and closing circuits. For this purpose, they have a switching device on, which can be actuated via an actuating element in such a way that the switching device assumes one of two switching states. At a first, in The following switching state, referred to as conductive, is two connections the switching device electrically connected to each other while in a second switching state, referred to below as separate the connections are electrically separated from each other.
- electrical switches are like this called button used that only a predetermined switching state ingest while operating the actuator. In such In cases it is desirable for an operator to operate the switch actuated, can recognize whether a triggering of a switching process or reaching a predetermined switching state by actuation was actually achieved.
- feedback is particularly important in situations where which the operator does not visually check the effect of the operation can.
- a driver of a motor vehicle is usually forced to watch road traffic so that it is a visual As a rule, do not perceive feedback of a button being pressed can.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of an electrical To provide switches that provide feedback of an achieved Switching state allows in a simple manner; as well as a procedure for Feedback of a switching state by means of an actuating element actuatable switching device when actuating the actuating element to accomplish.
- the electrical toggle or rocker switch comprises a as a rocker arm or rocker actuating element, a means the actuating element actuable switching device and an electric motor, which has a rotatably mounted rotor, the actuating element connected to the runner and thus together with this is rotatably or pivotally mounted.
- the task is also solved by a feedback procedure a switching state of an actuatable by means of an actuating element Switching device when actuating the actuating element with the Features of claim 17.
- a switching device that by means of a rocker arm or Rocker-trained actuating element can be actuated with a rotatably mounted rotor of an electric motor is connected when actuated of the actuating element during an actuation of the actuating element the switching device in a predetermined switching state offset and on the actuator by means of the actuator connected rotor of the electric motor by feeding torque to the electric motor.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out with the aid of the electrical toggle or rocker switch.
- the electrical switch according to the invention has an actuating element a rocker arm or a rocker that is mounted so that it or they can be pivoted or rotated about a predetermined geometric axis is.
- the actuator can be on one axis or just two bearing journals can be stored.
- a rocker arm is understood here to mean an actuating element which has an arm by means of which it is between a resting and at least one actuating position is movable back and forth, this Layers each correspond to a different switching state.
- One as a seesaw configured actuating element in contrast, has two as lever or rocker arms formed sections, one of which each for Reaching a predetermined switching state of the switch is actuated and moved from a rest position into a corresponding actuation position becomes.
- Such electrical switches with a rocker arm or rocker Actuators are often easier to use than corresponding ones Pressure switch when the switch, as is often the case in motor vehicles the case is about an arm's length away from the operator this is arranged.
- the switching device which can be actuated by the actuating element is used for Opening and closing a circuit.
- this can have two switching device connections have between which during a given Actuation of the actuating element a predetermined switching state given is.
- the switching device connections electrically with each other connected or separated.
- the switching device can thus move by actuating the actuating element from a complementary to the given switching state Switching state can be set to the specified switching state.
- an electric motor is provided according to the invention, in which it any device for converting electrical to mechanical Energy can act on a rotatable runner having.
- the rotor is often also called Anchor or rotor called.
- the electric motor can still one Stand, often referred to as a stator, have the rigid with a Fastening element of the toggle or rocker switch is connected.
- At least one of the stator and rotor comprises at least one coil winding, so that the rotor by supplying a current to the electric motor and thus to the coil winding over that from the coil winding generated magnetic field is movable.
- three-phase motors or electric motors that can be driven by electronic control, such as stepper motors or similarly trained Electric motors, and preferably DC motors are used.
- the rotor is connected to the actuating element and thereby to one rotatably or pivotally mounted together with this.
- the connection and the storage need only be designed in such a way that on the one hand the transmission of torque from the rotor to the actuating element is possible and that other forces in one Direction transverse to the geometric axis of rotation or swivel axis about which the Actuating element can be rotated or pivoted can.
- the position of the actuating element is preferably also secured in a direction parallel to the geometric rotation or Pivot axis.
- the ability to apply torque to the actuator need only be possible in the actuating position of the actuating element to be the one during the operation, that is, when the corresponding one predetermined switching state is reached, relative to the switching device occupies.
- the rotor can completely or partially arranged within the corresponding coil winding his.
- the coil winding at least partially a coil core or a yoke made of a ferromagnetic or soft magnetic material to record the Coil winding generated magnetic field in the area of the rotor to lead.
- connection between the rotor and the actuator is like this on the one hand a very good torque and power transmission from the Runner on the actuator, that is, the rocker arm or Rocker reached.
- the switching device in a predetermined switching state offset, depending on the use of the invention electrical switch a conductive or separate switching state can be.
- the actuating element is then in the actuating position.
- Electric motor supplied a current which means by means of the actuator connected rotor on the actuator Torque is exerted for an operator operating the actuator actuated, can be felt and so a tactile feedback for reaching the actuation position and thus the predetermined Switching state forms.
- the invention therefore advantageously allows active tactile Acknowledgment for a given switching state reached at at the same time very simple and light construction of the used electrical switch.
- electrical toggle or rocker switches according to the invention be designed so that they take up very little space require what is very advantageous for use in a motor vehicle is.
- the simple construction also allows very short response times of the electric motor and thus quick feedback a successful actuation of the electrical according to the invention Person operating the toggle or rocker switch.
- the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention can Reaching the specified switching state even after actuation has ended of the actuator in this switching state reached remain.
- the electrical toggle or rocker switch is designed as a button.
- a button is used here Switch understood that a predetermined switching state only during assumes an actuation of the actuating element, but otherwise in the Switching state, which to the predetermined, by operating the switch switching state to be achieved is complementary, returns automatically.
- Such an electrical switch there is active tactile feedback particularly advantageous since an operator may only It is difficult to determine whether the desired switching status has been reached or whether the switching status reached is still present.
- a resilient element is provided, by means of which the rocker arm or the rocker from an actuation position to a rest position and thus the Switching device from the specified switching state to the complementary Switching state is traceable.
- This spring element can for example in or on the switching device or on a bearing be provided for the actuator.
- the electric toggle or rocker switch can basically any switching devices can be used. It is however preferred that the electrical switching device at least two can be brought into contact with one another by movement of the actuating element Includes contact elements, each with a corresponding one Connection of the switching device is connected. Such Switching device is very simple and allows that too Switching larger currents. The actuator is then for transmission a movement on the switching device and in particular a Element for moving one of the contact elements of the switching device educated.
- the switching device include a sensor for a physical Has size by a tilting or rocking movement of the actuating element is changeable.
- the switching device can then additionally to the actual sensor element of the sensor another one with the Switching device connections of the switching device connected, if necessary have integrated circuit in the sensor, which is dependent from one through a value or course of physical quantity certain state of the sensor element towards the switching device connections electrically connects or disconnects.
- the physical quantity can in particular be an electrical one and / or act magnetic field, so that the sensor for example can be a capacitive sensor or a magnetic sensor. It is however, it is particularly preferred that the switching device has a pressure sensor has, on the pressure-sensitive element by means of the actuating element Pressure can be exerted. Such a sensor is not used the magnetic caused by current changes in the electric motor and / or electrical fields is strongly influenced and is therefore less prone to failure. In addition, the use of a Pressure sensor when designing the electrical tilting device according to the invention or rocker switch a particularly simple structure of the switch.
- the actuating element and the runner can be integrated his.
- the runner can be injection molded Plastic-made actuator can be injected so that the Storage takes place via corresponding sections of the actuating element. This is preferred if the smallest possible design is desired.
- the actuating element on two lateral sides is then particularly preferred Bearings rotatably supported, with a shaft for fastening the rotor can be omitted.
- it is particularly preferred that the actuator on a rotor axis of the electric motor is stored.
- an already installed electric motor can do this are used, on the rotor or output shaft, the actuating element is attached.
- the actuating element is then by means of the electric motor held on a mounting of the switch. The usage an already fully assembled electric motor still allows a special one simple manufacturing.
- the electric motor can be constructed in any way.
- the rotor can comprise a coil winding, the currents either via sliding contacts or, made possible by the only small Swivel angle, contact wires can be fed.
- the stand can then likewise at least one coil winding and / or a soft magnetic one Component and / or have a permanent magnet.
- the power supplies however, they may be susceptible to environmental influences such as moisture or oil films or can subject to considerable material fatigue when operated frequently. It is therefore particularly preferred that the runner be at least one soft or ferromagnetic element and / or at least one permanent magnet has, on or by a magnetic field, which by Current flow can be generated by a stator winding of the electric motor, a force is exercisable.
- the rotor then does not include a coil winding.
- a power supply is only necessary to elements that relative to a fastener of the tilting or Rocker switches are motionless, which means reliability and durability of the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention increased.
- That soft or The ferromagnetic element and / or the permanent magnet can be attached to a rotor axis.
- he can also directly on the Actuator can be held, which makes a particularly flat structure of the electric rocker switch or rocker switch according to the invention becomes.
- the electric motor can be of the type Stepper motor be formed and have at least two coils
- the actuating element has a rocker is formed two lever arms, and that for each of the lever arms in each case a switching device which can be actuated by rocking the actuating element is provided.
- a switching device which can be actuated by rocking the actuating element.
- the control of the electric motor can be done in different ways Way by corresponding voltage or current signals for the electric motor or coil windings of the electric motor.
- the control of the electric motor is preferably such that one on the actuating element torque exerted by the electric motor as such or as movement of the actuator or part thereof for an electrical switch actuating the invention Operator is perceptible without continued actuation is made much more difficult.
- the type of control from Depending on the intended use of the electrical switch according to the invention.
- a feedback circuit with a control input electrically connected to the switching device and one electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor Feedback circuit output is provided with which depending from an instantaneous switching state of the switching device or a last change in the switching state of the switching device Voltage or current signals can be output to the electric motor.
- the feedback circuit is expediently designed to receive signals to deliver to the electric motor, by means of which the electric motor in the the previous paragraph is controllable.
- the voltage or current signals preferably do not depend on further, previous switching state changes.
- the control of the electric motor can therefore be independent of the function of a device operated by actuating the toggle or rocker switch respectively.
- Such an electrical switch can be easily connected to any Locations, for example in a motor vehicle, without additional wiring be used.
- a feedback circuit with a the switching device electrically connected control input and one electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor Feedback circuit output is provided as a control or regulating device is designed for a device to be controlled and by means of which the device depending on an instantaneous Switching state of the switching device and / or previous switching states and / or switching state changes can be controlled and thereby Corresponding voltage or current signals can be output to the electric motor are.
- the feedback circuit is expediently designed to To emit signals to the electric motor by means of which the electric motor controllable in the manner mentioned in the penultimate paragraph is. In the simplest case, this can be an input device act for a device, for example an air conditioning system, at which the switching device and the actuator for entering Serve control signals. In this way, with the invention electric toggle or rocker switch using the control of a device simple tactile feedback possible.
- the feedback circuit at least is partially designed as a digital circuit, the circuit states by actuating the actuating element at least partially are controllable, with a switching state change of the switching device due to an actuation of the actuating element, a voltage or current signal can be output to the electric motor.
- the digital circuit preferably has a microcontroller or processor on that a simple change in the properties of the digital Switching by changing the programming of the microcontroller or processor allowed.
- the actuating element and the switching device can easily control complex devices be used.
- the invention possible that by operating the electrical A list entry from a list of values for a control parameter and / or from a hierarchy of function options or -Alternatively an option or an alternative can be selected. So that is in particular a movement in a menu of a program is possible, where reaching a menu item by tactile feedback to the operator via the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention is possible.
- the feedback circuit at least one other Has control input, and that the voltage or current signals too depending on current or past signals can be output from the feedback circuit at the further control input are.
- the voltage or current signals can in principle be any have a suitable shape.
- the form and duration of the voltage or Current signals that are supplied to the electric motor can preferably be however, on the one hand, judge whether the ones caused by them Forces or torques on the actuator directly or simply as a movement of the actuating element for an operator, but are certainly noticeable.
- according to Art direct the use of the electrical switch according to the invention.
- an oscillating current when actuated an oscillating current is supplied to the electric motor. It is for that preferred that the feedback circuit generate an oscillator an oscillating voltage or current signal for the electric motor having.
- the frequency of the vibration can be so high that an operator still perceive a vibration of the actuating element can.
- Such feedback is good from others at Differentiation between actuation occurring mechanical resistances.
- At least one pulse-like change in current supplied to the electric motor is effected.
- electrical toggle or rocker switch it is preferred that the feedback circuit for delivering pulsed voltage or Current signals to the electric motor is formed.
- a tension or Current pulse can in particular be chosen so that the so caused Torques on the actuator for an operator as a Impact against the actuating element are perceptible.
- Under pulses are also modulated with a predetermined oscillation frequency Pulse understood. Such feedback is good from others, at to differentiate between the mechanical resistances occurring during actuation.
- a timer is provided by means of its during a switching state corresponding to an actuation the switching device to deliver a predetermined time intervals Voltage or current signal to the electric motor can be triggered.
- On such electrical switches allow the delivery of pulse trains as feedback signals, an operator at low frequencies, for example as a repeated knock, at higher frequencies as well Can perceive vibration.
- the time interval decreases with increasing duration of the operation.
- the electric toggle or rocker switch according to the invention preferred that by means of the feedback circuit as a voltage or Current signals pulses can be emitted, the time interval with increasing Time since the switching status of the Switching device decreases.
- An operator also receives one tactile feedback on the duration of the actuation.
- the electrical toggle or rocker switch according to the invention has two Switching devices on, it is preferred that the feedback circuit for each of the switching devices, one with the respective one Has switching device connected control input and designed is that depending on which of the switching devices is actuated voltage or current signals can be delivered to the electric motor are, so that torques corresponding, different Direction can be given. It can be done with just one as Actuator-electric motor distinguishable tactile feedback for the actuation of one of the switching devices are given. A user takes, depending on the pivoting direction of the rocker arm or the Rocker, torques on the actuator in different Directions true.
- the feedback circuit is particularly preferably designed such that at an actuation of one of the switching devices for the respective switching device characteristic voltage or current signals for currents corresponding direction can be delivered to the electric motor.
- signals can differ in their temporal course. The fact that the force exerted on the actuating element or then also distinguish torque signals, an operator receives simple tactile feedback on the type of operation.
- the electrical switch according to the invention is particularly suitable for Use in motor vehicles. While operating a motor vehicle it can be very advantageous if a switch is actuated provides tactile feedback, since it is the surroundings of the motor vehicle also during the operation of the motor vehicle in the driver's field of vision can stay.
- an electrical switch according to a first preferred Embodiment of the invention on a base plate 10, a switching device 12 with switching device connections, an actuating element 14 for actuating the switching device 12 and an electric motor 16 on the support elements 18 connected to the base plate 10 is held.
- the electrical switch further comprises a feedback circuit 20, the control inputs with the switching device connections the switching device 12 and via feedback circuit outputs is electrically conductively connected to the electric motor 16.
- the electrical switch is connected to the switchgear connections with a Device 22 connected, the power supply to the electrical Switch can be switched.
- the switching device 12 designed as a button comprises two each corresponding switching device connections connected, relative to each other movable contact elements shown only schematically in FIG. 1 23, one of which is resilient.
- the movement of the Contact elements 23 are made in a manner known per se via a pin 24.
- the contact elements 23 are in contact with one another, so that the Switching device connections are electrically connected to one another or are short-circuited.
- the resilient contact element is tensioned.
- a second, separate, complementary to the first switching state Switching state is the springy contact element in a relaxed State and the contact elements 23 are not in contact with one another, so that the switching device connections are not connected to each other are.
- the contact elements 23 are therefore only against the spring force by pressure to bring the resilient contact element into contact when it is no longer required of the pressure, the switching device is displaced by the spring force of the pin 24 brought back into the separate switching state.
- the electric motor 16 which is shown only very schematically in FIG. 1, comprises in a housing a stand that acts as a coil winding of the electric motor a stator winding 26 on a substantially U-shaped one Yoke 28, and one on a rotor axis 30 between legs of the yoke 28 arranged, rotatably mounted, plate-shaped a rotor or armature 32 consisting of a soft magnetic material.
- the stator winding 26 is with the feedback circuit outputs Feedback circuit 20 connected so that by supplying a A magnetic field can be generated which is guided through the yoke 28.
- the one provided for actuating the switching device 12 as a rocker arm trained actuating element 14 has an actuating arm 34, by means of which there is a rest and an actuation position and is pivotable, and two side bearing supports 36.
- the side Bearing supports 36 and thus the actuator 14 are with the Rotor axis 30 is firmly connected and therefore to the electric motor 16 pivoted.
- the actuating element 14 is formed on the one hand so that the Switching device 12 by pivoting the actuating arm 34 from a Rest position in which the actuating arm 34 is essentially parallel to Base plate 10 is aligned and the switching device 12 is not actuated, in the direction of the base plate 10 in an operating position in which the Pin 24 is depressed, is actuated.
- the actuating element 14 is with the rotor axis 30 connected that the rotor 32, with which it is fixed over the rotor axis 30 is connected to the poles of the yoke 28 when the Actuator 14 is in the rest position.
- the feedback circuit 20 is designed such that when the Control input a predetermined current via the feedback circuit output to the electric motor 16, that is to say more precisely the stator winding 26 is delivered. A strength of the current is chosen so that on the actuating element 14 is securely perceptible by an operator Torque is exertable, but without a significantly increased To require effort to actuate the actuator 14.
- the feedback circuit has a timer and is designed that in the event of a short circuit in the control input determined by means of the timer Periodic intervals of, for example, half a second of rectangular current pulses are delivered to the electric motor 16, the one corresponding change over time in a torque generated by the rotor effect on the actuator 14.
- the switching device 12 placed in the conductive switching state, so that on the one hand two connections are electrically connected in the device 22.
- the control input of the feedback circuit is independent of the Function of the device 22 shorted, causing the feedback circuit 20 outputs rectangular current pulses to the electric motor 16. This in turn generates corresponding square-wave torque pulses on the Actuator 14, which an operator as a pulsating tactile Receives feedback.
- An electrical switch illustrated in FIG. 2 points to a base plate 38 first and second switching devices 40 and 40 'with corresponding Switching device connections, one held on support elements 42 Electric motor 44 and one on a rotor axis 46 of the electric motor 44 attached and thus rotatably mounted actuator 48 in the form a rocker switch with two arms 50 and 50 '.
- one Feedback circuit 52 is provided, which has two separate control inputs with the switching device connections of the switching devices 40 and 40 'and via a feedback circuit output with the electric motor 44 is connected. The feedback circuit 52 is still over a signal connection 54 is connected to a device 56 which is operated by the Feedback circuit 52 can be controlled.
- the switching devices 40 and 40 ' are like the switching device 12 in the first embodiment.
- the electric motor 44 is in contrast to the motor 16 of the first embodiment to a simple conventional DC electric motor, the direction of which changes by changing the Current direction of the current supplied to him is changeable.
- the electric motor 44 has a rotor 58, which is shown only schematically in FIG. 2, which is rigidly connected to the rotor axis 46 mounted in the electric motor 44 and is rotatably mounted. Connections of the electric motor 44 are with the feedback circuit outputs of the feedback circuit 52 connected.
- the actuating element 48 designed as a rocker is via lateral bearing supports 59 firmly connected to the rotor axis 46 and thus the rotor 58 and rotatably mounted.
- the arms 50 and 50 'of the actuator 48, which are on opposite sides of the bearing supports 59 extend are designed so that by depressing these arms the switching devices 40 and 40 'can be actuated. You are therefore out a rest position in which the actuating element 48 is essentially parallel is oriented to the base plate 38 in two different actuation positions movable in which one of the two switching devices 40 or 40 ' is actuated.
- the feedback circuit 52 is a control circuit for the device 56 trained.
- the device 56 to be controlled can be, for example are an air conditioner in a motor vehicle, wherein the feedback circuit 52 is used to enter target temperatures.
- the feedback circuit 52 has the control circuit for the device 56 a digital circuit not explicitly shown in the figures with a programmable microcontrollers on the control inputs of the Feedback circuit 52 connected to the switching devices 40 and 40 ' is.
- the digital circuit is designed so that by actuating the switching devices 40 or 40 'from a list of predetermined target temperatures a certain temperature can be selected. As long as one of the Both control inputs are shorted out from the list of possible ones Target temperatures based on a current list element the neighboring list element corresponding to a lower or higher one Temperature selected. If the short circuit of the the corresponding tax input, the list entries are increasing run faster.
- the digital circuit is also designed so that each time it is reached of a new list entry, the feedback circuit 52 to the Electric motor 44 outputs a current signal.
- the direction of the stream depends on which of the two switching devices 40 and 40 'is actuated has been.
- the feedback circuit 52 is designed such that the current signals are of identical design except when the arm 50 or the arm 50 'is depressed so that on the actuator 48 torques different according to the current direction Direction can be exercised.
- the electrical switch according to the third preferred embodiment The invention works as follows.
- the signal connection 54 becomes a straight line signal corresponding to the selected list entry to the device 56, i.e. the air conditioner.
- an electrical switch is preferred according to a fifth Embodiment of the invention shown, which is after the switch distinguishes the third preferred embodiment of the invention in that that the switching devices 40 and 40 'by switching devices 60 and 60 'are replaced.
- components of the electrical switch according to the fifth preferred embodiment which is essentially same as the corresponding components of the electrical switch are formed according to the third preferred embodiment
- the same reference numerals are used below. The also apply same explanations for these.
- the switching devices 60 and 60 ' have the same pressure sensors 62 and 62 ', whose pressure-sensitive, aligned parallel to the base plate 38 Areas of sensor elements of the pressure sensors via coil springs 64 and 64 'with the actuator 48, that is corresponding arms 50 and 50 ', respectively.
- the detection and evaluation circuits are for the detection of pressures by means of the pressure sensors 62 and 62 'and to the corresponding one Circuit of the switching device connections formed. In particular close when a given threshold is exceeded the pressure exerted on the corresponding pressure sensor Switching device connections short, so that the switching devices 60 and 60 'act analogously to the switching devices 40 and 40'.
- Actuator 48 can now via the coil springs 64 or 64 'a pressure on the corresponding pressure sensor 62 or 62' Switching devices 60 and 60 'are issued, which then have a corresponding Short circuit the control input of the feedback circuit 52, see above that the same function as in the fourth embodiment results.
- An electrical switch is like the switch according to the fifth embodiment constructed, using an electric motor that one Has rotor with a permanent magnet whose magnetization is oriented orthogonally to the rotor axis and which is in the rest position of the Actuator with one pole between two poles of a stand of the electric motor, which has a stator winding, is arranged.
- an electric motor that one Has rotor with a permanent magnet whose magnetization is oriented orthogonally to the rotor axis and which is in the rest position of the Actuator with one pole between two poles of a stand of the electric motor, which has a stator winding, is arranged.
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- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer fünften bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- 10
- Grundplatte
- 12
- Schalteinrichtung
- 14
- Betätigungselement
- 16
- Elektromotor
- 18
- Stützelemente
- 20
- Rückmeldeschaltung
- 22
- Vorrichtung
- 23
- Kontaktelemente
- 24
- Stift
- 26
- Ständerwicklung
- 28
- Joch
- 30
- Läuferachse
- 32
- Läufer
- 34
- Betätigungsarm
- 36
- Lagerstützen
- 38
- Grundplatte
- 40, 40'
- Schalteinrichtungen
- 42
- Stützelemente
- 44
- Elektromotor
- 46
- Läuferachse
- 48
- Betätigungselement
- 50, 50'
- Arme
- 52
- Rückmeldeschaltung
- 54
- Signalanschluss
- 56
- Vorrichtung
- 58
- Läufer
- 59
- Lagerstützen
- 60, 60'
- Schalteinrichtungen
- 62, 62'
- Drucksensoren
- 64, 64'
- Schraubenfedern
Claims (20)
- Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter mit
einem als Kipphebel ( 14) oder Wippe (48) ausgebildeten Betätigungselement,
einer mittels des Betätigungselements ( 14;48) betätigbaren Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') und
einem Elektromotor (16; 44), der einen drehbar gelagerten Läufer (32; 58) aufweist,
wobei das Betätigungselement ( 14;48) mit dem Läufer (32; 58) verbunden und dadurch gemeinsam mit diesem dreh- oder schwenkbar gelagert ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Kipp- oder Wippschalter als Taster ausgebildet ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40') wenigstens zwei durch Bewegung des Betätigungselements (14;48) miteinander in Kontakt bringbare Kontaktelemente (23) umfasst, von denen jeweils eines mit einem entsprechenden Anschluss der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40') verbunden ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (60, 60') einen Sensor (62, 62') für eine physikalische Größe aufweist, die durch eine Kipp- oder Wippbewegung des Betätigungselements (48) veränderbar ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalteinrichtung (60, 60') einen Drucksensor (62, 62') aufweist, auf dessen druckempfindliches Element mittels des Betätigungselements (48) Druck ausübbar ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Läufer (32) wenigstens ein weich- oder ferromagnetisches Element (32) und/oder wenigstens einen Permanentmagneten aufweist, auf das bzw. den durch ein Magnetfeld, das durch Stromfluss durch eine Ständerwicklung (26) des Elektromotors (44) erzeugbar ist, eine Kraft ausübbar ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Betätigungselement (14;48) auf einer Läuferachse (30; 46) des Elektromotors (16; 44) gelagert ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Betätigungselement als Wippe (48) mit zwei Hebelarmen (50, 50') ausgebildet ist, und
dass für jeden der Hebelarme (50, 50') jeweils eine durch Wippen des Betätigungselements (14; 48) betätigbare Schalteinrichtung (40, 40'; 60, 60') vorgesehen ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine Rückmeldeschaltung (20) mit einem mit der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') elektrisch verbundenen Steuereingang und einem mit einer Spulenwicklung des Elektromotors (16; 44) elektrisch verbundenen Rückmeldeschaltungsausgang, mit der in Abhängigkeit von einem augenblicklichen Schaltzustand der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') oder einer letzten Änderung des Schaltzustands der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') Spannungs- bzw. Stromsignale an den Elektromotor (16; 44) abgebbar sind. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine Rückmeldeschaltung (52) mit einem mit der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') elektrisch verbundenen Steuereingang und einem mit einer Spulenwicklung des Elektromotors (16; 44) elektrisch verbundenen Rückmeldeschaltungsausgang, die als Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung für eine zu steuernde Vorrichtung ausgebildet ist und mittels derer die Vorrichtung in Abhängigkeit von einem augenblicklichen Schaltzustand der Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') und/oder vorhergehenden Schaltzuständen und/oder Schaltzustandsänderung ansteuerbar ist und dabei entsprechende Spannungs- bzw. Stromsignale an den Elektromotor (16; 44) abgebbar sind. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach Anspruch 9 oder 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückmeldeschaltung (52) wenigstens teilweise als digitale Schaltung ausgebildet ist, deren Schaltungszustände durch Betätigung des Betätigungselements (14;48) wenigstens teilweise steuerbar sind, wobei bei einer Schaltzustandsänderung infolge einer Betätigung des Betätigungselements ( 14;48) ein Spannungs- bzw. Stromstromsignal an den Elektromotor (16; 44) ausgebbar ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückmeldeschaltung (52) wenigstens einen weiteren Steuereingang aufweist, und
dass die Spannungs- bzw. Stromsignale auch in Abhängigkeit von augenblicklichen oder zeitlich zurückliegenden Signalen an dem weiteren Steuereingang von der Rückmeldeschaltung (52) abgebbar sind. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückmeldeschaltung einen Oszillator zur Generierung eines oszillierenden Spannungs- bzw. Stromsignals aufweist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückmeldeschaltung (52) zur Abgabe von pulsartigen Spannungs- oder Stromsignalen an den Elektromotor (16; 44) ausgebildet ist. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der Rückmeldeschaltung (52) als Spannungs- oder Stromsignale Pulse abgebbar sind, deren zeitlicher Abstand mit zunehmender Zeitdauer seit der letzten Änderung des Schaltzustands der Schalteinrichtung ( 12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') abnimmt. - Elektrischer Kipp- oder Wippschalter nach Anspruch 7 und einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückmeldeschaltung (20; 52) für jeweils eine der Schalteinrichtungen (40, 40'; 60, 60') einen mit der jeweiligen Schalteinrichtung (40, 40'; 60, 60') verbundenen Steuereingang aufweist und so ausgebildet ist, dass in Abhängigkeit davon, welche der Schalteinrichtungen (40, 40'; 60, 60') betätigt wird, Spannungs- oder Stromsignale an den Elektromotor (16; 44) abgebbar sind, so dass auf dessen Läufer (32; 58) Drehmomente entsprechender, unterschiedlicher Richtung abgebbar sind. - Verfahren zur Rückmeldung eines Schaltzustandes einer Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60'), die mittels eines als Kipphebel ( 14) oder Wippe (48) ausgebildeten Betätigungselements (14;48) betätigbar ist, das mit einem drehbar gelagerten Läufer (32; 58) eines Elektromotors (16; 44) verbunden ist, bei Betätigung des Betätigungselements (14;48), bei dem während einer Betätigung des Betätigungselements (14;48) die Schalteinrichtung (12; 40, 40'; 60, 60') in einen vorgegebenen Schaltzustand versetzt wird, und
auf das Betätigungselement ( 14;48) mittels des mit dem Betätigungselement ( 14;48) verbundenen Läufers (32; 58) des Elektromotors (16; 44) durch Zuführung eines Stromes zu dem Elektromotor (16; 44) ein Drehmoment ausgeübt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannung bzw. der Strom für den Elektromotor (16; 44) zusätzlich in Abhängigkeit von externen Steuersignalen geändert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 17 oder 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer einzelnen Betätigung wenigstens eine pulsartige Änderung des dem Elektromotor (16; 44) zugeführten Stromes bewirkt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während einer Berührung oder Auslenkung mehrere pulsartige Veränderungen der Spannung bzw. des Stroms bewirkt werden, deren zeitlicher Abstand mit zunehmender Dauer der Betätigung abnimmt.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10243600A DE10243600A1 (de) | 2002-09-19 | 2002-09-19 | Elektrischer Schalter |
DE10243600 | 2002-09-19 | ||
DE2003103747 DE10303747A1 (de) | 2003-01-30 | 2003-01-30 | Elektrischer Schalter |
DE10303747 | 2003-01-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1400998A2 true EP1400998A2 (de) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1400998A3 EP1400998A3 (de) | 2006-03-01 |
Family
ID=31947637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03020620A Withdrawn EP1400998A3 (de) | 2002-09-19 | 2003-09-10 | Elektrischer Schalter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1400998A3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008022871A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | Dav | Dispositif de commande d'organes electriques ou electroniques |
Citations (7)
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EP0565143A2 (de) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-10-13 | Ampex Systems Corporation | Interaktives, drehbares Regelsystem mit taktiler Rückführung |
US5381080A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1995-01-10 | Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag | Control device |
WO2000039783A1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-06 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Tactile-force generating apparatus |
US6154201A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 2000-11-28 | Immersion Corporation | Control knob with multiple degrees of freedom and force feedback |
DE19926576A1 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-14 | Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg | Bedieneinrichtung zur manuellen Eingabe von Steuersignalen an eine Steuereinheit |
US20010052893A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-12-20 | Lord Corporation | Magnetically-controllable, semi-active haptic interface system and apparatus |
EP1220068A2 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-03 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Manuelle Eingabevorrichtung mit Kraftrückkopplungsfunktion und fahrzeugseitig montierter Steuerung, welche diesselbige verwendet |
-
2003
- 2003-09-10 EP EP03020620A patent/EP1400998A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5381080A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1995-01-10 | Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag | Control device |
EP0565143A2 (de) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-10-13 | Ampex Systems Corporation | Interaktives, drehbares Regelsystem mit taktiler Rückführung |
US6154201A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 2000-11-28 | Immersion Corporation | Control knob with multiple degrees of freedom and force feedback |
US20010052893A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-12-20 | Lord Corporation | Magnetically-controllable, semi-active haptic interface system and apparatus |
WO2000039783A1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-06 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Tactile-force generating apparatus |
DE19926576A1 (de) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-14 | Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg | Bedieneinrichtung zur manuellen Eingabe von Steuersignalen an eine Steuereinheit |
EP1220068A2 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-03 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Manuelle Eingabevorrichtung mit Kraftrückkopplungsfunktion und fahrzeugseitig montierter Steuerung, welche diesselbige verwendet |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008022871A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | Dav | Dispositif de commande d'organes electriques ou electroniques |
FR2905196A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-29 | Dav Sa | Dispositif de commande d'organes electriques ou electroniques |
Also Published As
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EP1400998A3 (de) | 2006-03-01 |
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