EP1391413B2 - Traction elevator system using a flexible flat rope - Google Patents

Traction elevator system using a flexible flat rope Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1391413B2
EP1391413B2 EP03024661.5A EP03024661A EP1391413B2 EP 1391413 B2 EP1391413 B2 EP 1391413B2 EP 03024661 A EP03024661 A EP 03024661A EP 1391413 B2 EP1391413 B2 EP 1391413B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rope
car
machine
elevator system
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03024661.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1391413A2 (en
EP1391413A3 (en
EP1391413B1 (en
Inventor
Leandre Adifon
Pedro S. Baranda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otis Elevator Co
Original Assignee
Otis Elevator Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/031,108 external-priority patent/US6401871B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/169,415 external-priority patent/US6397974B1/en
Application filed by Otis Elevator Co filed Critical Otis Elevator Co
Priority claimed from EP99936066A external-priority patent/EP1023236B2/en
Publication of EP1391413A2 publication Critical patent/EP1391413A2/en
Publication of EP1391413A3 publication Critical patent/EP1391413A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1391413B1 publication Critical patent/EP1391413B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B66B11/0438—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation with a gearless driving, e.g. integrated sheave, drum or winch in the stator or rotor of the cage motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to elevator systems, and more particularly to elevator systems that use machines with rotors having permanent magnets.
  • a typical traction elevator system includes a car and a counterweight disposed in a hoistway, a plurality of ropes that interconnect the car and counterweight, and a machine having a traction sheave engaged with the ropes.
  • the ropes, and thereby the car and counterweight, are driven by rotation of the traction sheave.
  • the machine, and its associated electronic equipment, along with peripheral elevator components, such as a governor, are housed in a machineroom located above the hoistway.
  • JP 4-50297 discloses the use of a machine located between the car travel space and a wall of the hoistway.
  • US Patent 5, 429,211 discloses the use of a machine located in the same position but having a motor with a disc-type rotor.
  • EP 0 688735 also relates to an elevator machine with a disc-type motor comprising a discoid rotor. This configuration makes use of the flatness of such a machine to minimize the space needed for the machine in the hoistway.
  • This machine disclosed also makes use of permanent magnets in the rotor in order to improve the efficiency of the machine.
  • JP 7-117957 relates to an elevator device having an outer rotor that forms a drive sheave with permanent magnets installed on the outer rotor side of the motor.
  • an elevator system that includes a machine having a rotor including permanent magnets and a flat rope engaged with the machine, as defined by claim 1.
  • Flat rope as used herein, is defined to include ropes having an aspect ratio, defined as the ratio of width w relative to thickness t, substantially greater than one.
  • An advantage of the present invention is the size of the machine required to meet duty load and speed requirements.
  • the combination of the improved efficiency of the machine and the torque reduction provided by the flat rope result in a very compact machine that can be fit within the space constraints of a hoistway without adversely affecting the performance of the elevator system. This permits the machine to be located in positions that were previously impractical.
  • the flat rope results in an engagement surface, defined by the width dimension, that is optimized to distribute the rope pressure. Therefore, the maximum pressure is minimized within the rope.
  • the thickness of the rope may be reduced while maintaining a constant cross-sectional area of the rope. Minimizing the thickness of the rope results in a smaller diameter traction sheave, which in turn reduces the torque on the machine, decreases the size of the motor and may eliminate the need for gearing.
  • the smaller diameter of the sheave results in an increased rotational speed of the motor, which further increases the efficiency of the machine.
  • the permanent magnet machine is combined with a flat rope that includes a plurality of load-carrying members and a sheath that surrounds the load-carrying members and is formed from polyurethane.
  • the load-carrying members are formed from an aramid material that produces a high strength, lightweight rope with enhanced flexibility, as compared to conventional round steel ropes.
  • the load-carrying members are steel cords formed from very thin wires, with the wires having diameter of. 25 mm or less.
  • the use of a sheath formed from polyurethane permits the outer surface of the rope to be optimized for traction.
  • An advantage of this particular embodiment is the minimal risk of heat damage to the sheath and the load-carrying members of the rope due to use of a machine having a rotor with permanent magnets.
  • a machine having a rotor with permanent magnets much of the heat losses are in the rotor. This heat loss is conducted directly to the ropes through the sheave. For ropes formed from materials other than steel, which are more temperature sensitive, exposure to such a heat source may lead to degradation of the rope.
  • the principle source of heat loss is through the stator and not through the rotor.
  • the ropes are not exposed to the primary source of heat and the risk of heat related degradation of the materials of the rope is minimized.
  • the increased efficiency of the permanent magnet machine reduces the total heat generated and therefore further reduces the heating of the ropes.
  • FIG. 1 Illustrated in Figure 1 is an elevator system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elevator system 10 includes a car 12, a pair of car guide rails 14, a counterweight 16, a pair of counterweight guide rails 18, a plurality of ropes 20 interconnecting the car 12 and counterweight, and a traction machine 22 engaged with the ropes 20.
  • the car 12 and counterweight 16 are interconnected to move concurrently and in opposite directions within a hoistway 23.
  • the car 12 includes a frame 24 and a pair of diverter sheaves 26 (only one of which is shown in Figure 1 ) disposed on opposite sides of the underside of the car frame 24.
  • the diverter sheaves 26 define an engagement means between the car 12 and ropes 20 and permit the ropes 20 to pass underneath the car 12 such that the car 12 is underslung.
  • the counterweight 16 includes a diverter sheave 28 disposed on the top of the counterweight 16. This diverter sheave 28 defines an engagement means between the counterweight 16 and ropes 20. As a result of the roping arrangement shown in Figure 1 , both the car 12 and counterweight 16 are roped in a 2:1 arrangement relative to the machine 22.
  • the machine 22 is located between the travel path of the car 12 and a wall 30 of the hoistway 23.
  • the machine 22 is illustrated in more detail in Figure 3 .
  • the machine 22 includes a motor 32 having a shaft 34 and a traction sheave 36.
  • the motor 32 includes a frame 38, bearings 40, a stator 42 and a rotor 44.
  • the traction sheave 36 is disposed on the end of the shaft 34 and defines an engagement surface 46 for the ropes 20.
  • the rotor 44 is disposed in a fixed relationship to the shaft 34 and includes a plurality of permanent magnets 48 disposed radially inward of the stator 42 such that a radial air gap 50 is defined between the rotor 44 and stator 42.
  • the use of permanent magnets 48 increases the efficiency and minimizes the size of the motor 32.
  • the ropes 20 interconnecting the car 12 and counterweight 16 are flexible flat ropes. As shown in Figure 3 , there are three separate flat ropes 20 engaged with the machine 22. Each flat rope 20 includes a plurality of load-carrying members 52 encompassed by a sheath 54. The plurality of load-carrying members 52 support the tension loads in the ropes 20. The sheath 54 provides a retention layer for the load-carrying members 52 while also defining an engagement surface 56 for the flat rope 20. Traction between the flat rope 20 and the machine 22 is the result of the interaction between the engagement surface 56 of the ropes 20 and the complementary engagement surface 46 of the machine 22.
  • a suggested material for the load-carrying members is an aramid material, such as that sold by DuPont under the name of KEVLAR. Such materials provide the advantages of having high tensile strength and being lightweight relative to conventional materials, such as steel.
  • the load-carrying member may be formed from steel cord. In order to provide sufficient flexibility in the rope, it is suggested to form the cord from steel wires or fibers having diameters of .025 mm or less.
  • the material for the sheath is polyurethane.
  • Polyurethane provides the durability required while also enhancing the traction between the flat rope and the machine.
  • a rotor 44 having permanent magnets 48 also reduces the amount of heat loss through the rotor 44 as compared to conventional induction motors.
  • the rotor 44, traction sheave 36 and ropes 20 are in direct contact. This direct contact results in heat generated in the rotor 44 being conducted to the ropes 20.
  • the rotor accounts for approximately one-third of the heat loss.
  • the heat loss through the rotor is minimal and the primary source of heat loss in such motors is through the stator.
  • the elevator system 10 illustrated in Figure 1 includes an underslung car 12.
  • Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment.
  • a car 57 includes a pair of diverter sheaves 58 located on the top of the car 57 in a manner known as overslung.
  • overslung roping arrangements are less desirable in some applications due to the need to provide additional overhead space for the elevator system. This is especially significant if the machine is located in the hoistway.
  • the effects of an overslung car 57 are minimized as a result of the small machine and small sheaves that may be used with the present invention. Therefore, an overslung car 57 using Applicants' invention requires less overhead space and is more practical.
  • the car is directly roped to the machine such that no sheaves are required on the car.
  • the machine is located above the car travel path.
  • the elevator system 70 includes a car 72, a counterweight 74, a pair of guide rails 76 for the car 72 and counterweight 74, a machine 78 disposed between the car 72 and a wall 80 of the hoistway, and a plurality of flat ropes 82 interconnecting the car 72 and counterweight 74.
  • the machine 78 and ropes 82 are illustrated in more detail in Figure 5 .
  • the machine 78 includes a motor 84 and a traction sheave 86.
  • the motor 84 includes a frame 88, a stator 90 and a rotor 92.
  • the rotor 92 is a disc-type rotor 92 that produces a relatively flat machine 78.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets 94 are circumferentially spaced about the axis 96 of the machine 78 and axially spaced from the stator 90 such that an axial air gap 98 between the rotor 92 and stator 90 is defined.
  • the traction sheave 86 is integral to the rotor 92 and includes an engagement surface 100 for the plurality of ropes 82.
  • the plurality of ropes 82 are similar to those described with respect to the embodiment of Figures 1-3 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
EP03024661.5A 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Traction elevator system using a flexible flat rope Expired - Lifetime EP1391413B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/031,108 US6401871B2 (en) 1998-02-26 1998-02-26 Tension member for an elevator
US31108 1998-02-26
US09/169,415 US6397974B1 (en) 1998-10-09 1998-10-09 Traction elevator system using flexible, flat rope and a permanent magnet machine
US169415 1998-10-09
US09/218,990 US6739433B1 (en) 1998-02-26 1998-12-22 Tension member for an elevator
US218990 1998-12-22
EP99936066A EP1023236B2 (en) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Traction elevator system using a flexible, flat rope and a permanent magnet machine
PCT/US1999/003643 WO1999043590A1 (en) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Traction elevator system using a flexible, flat rope and a permanent magnet machine

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99936066A Division EP1023236B2 (en) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Traction elevator system using a flexible, flat rope and a permanent magnet machine

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1391413A2 EP1391413A2 (en) 2004-02-25
EP1391413A3 EP1391413A3 (en) 2006-12-20
EP1391413B1 EP1391413B1 (en) 2014-12-24
EP1391413B2 true EP1391413B2 (en) 2022-03-09

Family

ID=47844003

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03024661.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1391413B2 (en) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Traction elevator system using a flexible flat rope

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1391413B2 (es)
ES (1) ES2399413T5 (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI119236B (fi) 2002-06-07 2008-09-15 Kone Corp Päällystetyllä nostoköydellä varustettu hissi
EP2072447A1 (de) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Inventio Ag Tragmittelanordnung für eine Aufzugsanlage, Aufzugsanlage mit einer solchen Tragmittelanordnung, Satz von Tragmitteln für eine solche Tragmittelanordnung und Herstellungsverfahren einer solchen Tragmittelanordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1401197A (en) † 1971-07-22 1975-07-16 Vogel R Apparatus for lifting and or lowering loads
WO1998029327A1 (en) † 1996-12-30 1998-07-09 Kone Corporation Elevator rope arrangement

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362513A (en) * 1970-03-16 1974-08-07 Teleflex Ltd Cables and winching arrangements therefor
US4202164A (en) * 1978-11-06 1980-05-13 Amsted Industries Incorporated Lubricated plastic impregnated aramid fiber rope
SU1029346A1 (ru) * 1981-06-26 1983-07-15 Предприятие П/Я В-8624 Вентильный управл емый двигатель
GB2134209B (en) * 1982-12-30 1986-03-12 Blacks Equip Ltd Belts or ropes suitable for haulage and lifts
FI98210C (fi) * 1993-06-28 1997-05-12 Kone Oy Järjestely hissikoneiston liittämiseksi rakennukseen
JP3152034B2 (ja) * 1993-10-28 2001-04-03 三菱電機株式会社 トラクションシーブ式エレベータ装置
FI95689C (fi) * 1994-06-23 1996-03-11 Kone Oy Hissikoneisto
CZ282660B6 (cs) * 1994-03-02 1997-08-13 Inventio Ag Nosné lano zdvihacích a přepravních prostředků
JPH0921084A (ja) * 1995-07-06 1997-01-21 Yamamori Giken Kogyo Kk ワイヤロープ構造
JPH09142761A (ja) * 1995-11-24 1997-06-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp エレベータ用巻上機
EP1471027A1 (de) * 1996-11-11 2004-10-27 Inventio Ag Aufzugsanlage mit im Aufzugsschacht angeordneter Antriebseinheit
WO1998029326A1 (en) * 1996-12-30 1998-07-09 Kone Corporation Elevator rope arrangement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1401197A (en) † 1971-07-22 1975-07-16 Vogel R Apparatus for lifting and or lowering loads
WO1998029327A1 (en) † 1996-12-30 1998-07-09 Kone Corporation Elevator rope arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1391413A2 (en) 2004-02-25
EP1391413A3 (en) 2006-12-20
ES2399413T1 (es) 2013-04-01
ES2399413T3 (es) 2015-01-28
EP1391413B1 (en) 2014-12-24
ES2399413T5 (es) 2022-06-07

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