EP1387905B1 - Method for installing points in railway tracks and points for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for installing switches in tracks, as well as to a pre-assembled state transportable switch with thresholds, a tongue area, an intermediate rail area and a heart area, a device for movable switch parts, such. Tongue, actuators and control devices.

The delivery of points is usually after a pre-assembly at the factory, after a pre-assembly such a complete functional check is made. After the pre-assembly, the switch is again completely disassembled and transported to the installation site. The recent assembly and renewal of the device and alignment of the switch requires relatively long installation times and thus relatively long line barriers.

In EP 108 168 A1 it has already been proposed to pre-assemble a switch in the manufacturer's plant to at least two assemblies, the two preassembled assemblies being transported to the installation location in the preassembled state and being assembled at the installation location.

For switches with relatively large radii of curvature, ie points that can be traversed at high speeds, a plurality of setting levels are required. Due to this multiplicity of setting levels results in a relatively complex power transmission, wherein different travel ranges must be taken into account in different setting levels. The conventional solutions in switch construction provide here linkage or individual drives for the individual job levels. In order to avoid stresses in the linkage, an articulated coupling of the connecting linkage to the respective switch parts has been proposed in US Pat. No. 4,534,527. In the case of connecting rods can always only realize a maximum force, with changes in length in the connecting rod by temperature fluctuations and threshold migrations can lead to stress in the linkage and thereby can lead to increased wear and malfunction in Weichenstellvorgang. Conventional connecting rods are therefore limited to a maximum of 4 setting levels. In the case of single drives, such restrictions do not exist. Due to the required plurality of drive units, however, a higher control effort is required.

After installation of a soft in the track of the turnout base must be made, with a machine cuttability is also required in the area of the switch. The better ballast compaction achievable by machine pluggability prolongs the period between tamping operations required during operation and thereby reduces maintenance costs.

The invention now aims to provide a switch, which can be transported in the preassembled state and to provide a method for installing switches in tracks, with which the installation times can be reduced to a minimum and long track locks are avoided. The inventive, in the preassembled state transportable switch is to solve this problem essentially characterized in that the actuators are designed as hydraulic actuators that the hydraulic lines for connecting the actuators are elastically fixed to the thresholds and that the actuators on the movable switch parts such Tongues are pivotally connected about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail with the interposition of elastic links and / or spherical bearing. This ensures that the switch in all joints to tongues, stock rail or threshold has sufficient flexibility in two levels, so that the switch after the Stopping operation is located directly in an operating position in which it is only necessary to connect the connections for the safety devices and for the adjusting device with the finished switch. The use of hydraulic actuators allows to dispense with delicate connecting rods, which not only a plurality of setting levels can be mounted prefabricated, but also the risk of damage during stuffing process can be significantly reduced. For this purpose, the hydraulic lines for connecting the actuators are elastically fixed to the thresholds, so that during transport distortions and deflections of the associated with the threshold switch parts have no damage to the hydraulic lines result. The fact that now also the actuators are connected to the tongues about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail pivotally interposition of elastic links and / or spherical bearings, a corresponding deformation during transport is also allowed here and ensures that after the stuffing an immediately reliable and ready to use Position can be taken. Advantageously, the inventive training hiebei made so that the drive means such as pump, motor and optionally pressure accumulator are set elastically in a trough threshold. Overall, an elastic connection of the closure device to the tongue is ensured with such a design, which gives the required defined setting during operation without further elastic degrees of freedom, wherein advantageously the closure device is suspended vertically elastic even in the trough threshold. For this purpose, the training is advantageously made so that the actuators are recorded secured in cheeks or lateral attacks of the trough threshold against displacement in the longitudinal direction of the trough threshold, preferably the cheeks or lateral stops of the trough threshold are formed spherical and the actuators between the Wangen or spherical stops are pivotally mounted about an axis extending in the rail longitudinal axis.

Equalizing bars and control devices can similarly be guided vertically elastically and coupled to the tongue base. The training is hiebei advantageously made such that the Prüferstangen pivotally connected to the tongues about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail and slidably connected in the vertical direction with the interposition of elastic links and / or spherical bearings, which advantageously the Prüferstangen with the interposition of in the vertical direction engage effective springs on a vertical, connected to the tongues or the connecting member of the actuator to the tongues bolt. The corresponding elastic degrees of freedom are hiebei each chosen so that they take into account the possible bends and warping during transport, but in the direction of exactly complied with travel during operation, the corresponding elasticity is kept to a minimum and limited to the usual bearing clearance.

In order finally to prevent damage to the individual connecting parts and in particular of the threshold cross-sectional parts, the training is advantageously made so that over a plurality of thresholds extending components such as hydraulic lines are overlapped by a roof-shaped or U-shaped cover, which is formed of a plurality of telescopically telescoping segments. Such self-vertically displaceable, on the thresholds elastically mounted cover parts can compensate for differences in level of thresholds that occur during transport and stuffing process. The width of the trough threshold can be selected according to the usual construction dimension of a concrete sleeper, so that there are no protruding internals, which could hinder or complicate the stuffing process.

During the transport and during the stuffing process, the switch, which is fixed to the threshold, to be regarded as an elastic structure, which is brought only after completion of the stuffing process in its exact operating position. All Ankoppelungsstellen to the rail parts have hiebei on an elasticity, which take into account the stresses during transport, with the exact operating position is taken immediately after the stuffing. Among the extending over a plurality of threshold components include in addition to the said hydraulic lines naturally arranged in the track center cable for sensors, the cover extends in any case up to that trough threshold over which such cables and hydraulic lines are led to their terminals and from the Out of the track, open out into a control cabinet.

Overall, it has been shown in practice on a prototype that the adjustments made in the factory at the respective required elasticities of the links remain intact, so that after installation of the control cabinet and connection to the caste-side backup system an immediate signal-efficient commissioning can be done without further readjustments to be performed on the finished laid tongue device.

The assembly method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the switch in functional units is completely pre-mounted on a transport vehicle and that the heart area including preassembled thresholds, the tongue device and the safety devices are lowered at the installation site and connected to the subsequent rails, whereupon the Shaft gravel and the track bed is stuffed, the connection lines for the point machine and the turnout devices are connected and the switch in operation is taken. The fact that a completely pre-assembled and fully assembled switch can be transported so to speak ready to plug in place, it succeeds after laying and plug without further adjustment of the connections or safety devices after lashing the track to take the switch immediately in operation, so that longer line locks are avoided. For this purpose, after a complete initial assembly at the factory, the pre-assembled switch is mounted on special transport wagons and brought to the site, followed by a machine laying and plugging. Advantageously, the procedure is such that the heart area or the intermediate rail area is tilted out of the rail driving plane for transport and transported in the tilted state. A subdivision into a plurality of functional units, such as the heart area, the tongue device and the intermediate rail area is required only for relatively long points to allow the transport over curvy routes to the installation site. Overall, however, the system threshold, rail, adjustment and safety device is deformed from the operating position during transport, and it is therefore necessary to provide a corresponding elastic deformability by the weight and the force during the transport and stuffing process. Advantageously, the definitive assembly in subdivided delivery in separate functional units for the heart area and the tongue device is performed so that the intermediate rail area and / or the heart area is lowered after tilting in the vertical direction and connected to the tongue device. The final assembly is limited to the lashing with the track, during the tamping process a provisional lashing can be made and the definitive final lashing is made after completion of Stopfvorganges.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing. 1 shows a plan view of an assembled point system with a drive station and two further adjustment planes, FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the hydraulic point drive and the closure in a trough threshold, FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a changeover unit, FIG. 4 shows the connection line between 6 shows the attachment in the overlapping area at a threshold, FIG. 7 is a sectional view along the line VII - VII of FIG. 3, Fig. 8 shows the installation position of a Prüferstange without the apparent in Fig. 2 switch drive and Fig. 9 shows a detail of Fig. 8 in an enlarged view.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a fully assembled points system, with jaw rails 1 and tongue rails 2 can be seen. The hydraulic drive station is designated by 3, wherein hydraulic units 4 and 5 are provided in two further adjustment planes, which are connected to one another or to the hydraulic point drive 3 via hydraulic lines 6. As can be seen from Fig. 1, no protruding internals are present, which could hinder or complicate the stuffing process, and find it for this purpose troughs 7 use whose width corresponds to the usual construction dimension of a concrete sleeper. In Fig. 2, the arrangement of the points drive is now shown in such a trough threshold. The hydraulic point drive is again denoted by 3, wherein the transmission of the forces for the displacement of the switch blade via elastic links and / or spherical bearing takes place. For this purpose, a fork-shaped tab 8 is provided, in which a pin 9 is arranged with cambered trained casing pipe. The guided on a slide chair 10 tongue rail, which is indicated by 2, is connected to a cranked bracket 11, which for transmitting the Umstellkräfte engages in the space between pin 9 and tab 8. In this case, elastic connecting members may be interposed, which allow a backlash-free power transmission and at the same time a slight pivoting of the actuator relative to the tongue about an axis extending in the rail longitudinal direction and / or in a plane parallel to the rail plane. This pivoting takes into account the fact that deformations of the pre-assembled switch during transport and during the stuffing process can not be prevented.

In Fig. 3 is now a plan view of the trough sleeper with built-point machine shown, and it is again the elastic connection device of the actuator 3 to the switch blades 2 shown. In the plan view, a resilient pressure element 12 with a cambered pressure surface is now apparent, which comes into effect when moving the switch blade 2 in the contact position on the bracket 11 and causes an elastic contact pressure of the tongue 2 to the stock rail 1, wherein at the same time the pin 9 from the bracket 11 is lifted and comes out of investment.

The closure device 3 is suspended vertically elastic in the trough sleeper 7 and is for this purpose in cheek or side stops 13 of the trough sleeper 7 secured against displacement in the longitudinal direction of the trough sleeper 7. The cheeks or side stops 13 of the trough sleeper 7 can be formed crowned, so that the actuator 3 is pivotally mounted between the cheeks or crowned stops 13 about an axis extending in the rail longitudinal direction. In this case, the actuator 3 is connected via fastening screws 14 with the trough sleeper 7, as is better seen in the sectional view of FIG. 7. The screw 14 is received in an elastic sleeve 15, to ensure in this way the elastic mobility of the actuator 3 relative to the trough threshold 7.

In Figure 4, the hydraulic connecting lines between the individual, displaced in the rail longitudinal direction actuators are now shown. The hydraulic lines 6 are in this case surrounded by protective tubes 16 and fixed by means of pipe clamps 17 at a threshold 18. The determination is carried out according to the invention elastically, wherein, as shown in Fig. 5, the hydraulic line 6 are surrounded by an elastic sheath 19 so that a relative movement between the hydraulic line 6 and pipe clamp 17 allows is. This will take into account the possible bends and warping during transport. In order to prevent damage to the hydraulic lines and other components extending over a plurality of thresholds, the hydraulic lines are overlapped by covers 20. The covers 20 are formed from a plurality of telescopically slidable segments, so that Nieveauunterschiede the thresholds that can be adjusted during transport and Stopfvorganges can be compensated. In FIG. 6, the overlapping area of two covers 20 and 21 is shown, wherein the resilient attachment 22 of the cover parts 20 and 21 at the threshold 18 allows pivoting of the cover parts 20 and 21 relative to one another in a vertical plane extending in the rail longitudinal direction.

In Fig. 8 and 9, the arrangement of a Prüferstange 22 can be seen, which is connected via a pin 23 as a connecting rod with the tongue rail 2. The designated IX detail of this compound is shown in Fig. 9 in section. The Prüferstange 22 is connected to a bearing eye, the concavely curved bearing shell 25 engages around a spherical bearing part 26 of a sleeve 27 connected to the pin 23. From this storage results in a pivoting in the direction of the double arrow 28, without changing the required for operational safety backlash in the direction of the double arrow 29. The sleeve 27 is over a Spring 30 supported in the vertical direction, wherein the spring plate is designated 31. and O-rings 32 are arranged as sealing elements or elastic connecting members.

Claims (10)

1. A railway switch capable of being transported in the preassembled state and including sleepers (7), a rail interspace region and a core region, a tongue device, actuating drives (3,4,5) and control means, characterized in that the actuating drives are designed as hydraulic actuators (3,4,5), the hydraulic lines (6) for the connection of the actuating drives (3,4,5) are elastically fixed to the sleepers (7), and the actuating drives (3,4,5) are connected to the movable switch parts such as, e.g., tongues (2) in a manner pivotable about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rails (2) with elastic connection elements and/or spherical bearings being interposed.
2. A railway switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving means such as, e.g., pump, motor and optionally pressure accumulator are elastically fixed within a trough sleeper (7).
3. A railway switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the testing rods (22) are connected with the tongues (2) so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rails (2) and displaceable in the vertical direction with elastic connection elements and/or spherical bearings (26) being interposed.
4. A railway switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the testing rods (22) act upon a vertical pin (23) connected with the tongues or the connection element of the actuating drive on the tongues (2), with springs (30) acting in the vertical direction being interposed.
5. A railway switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuating drives (3,4,5) are received in cheeks or lateral stops (13) of the trough sleeper (7) so as to be secured against any displacement in the longitudinal direction of the trough sleeper (7).
6. A railway switch according to claim 5, characterized in that the cheeks or lateral stops (13) of the trough sleeper (7) are designed to be spherical and the actuating drives (3,4,5) between the cheeks or spherical stops (13) are mounted so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the rails.
7. A railway switch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that structural components extending over a plurality of sleepers (7), such as, e.g., hydraulic lines, are encompassed by a roof-shaped or U-shaped covering comprised of several telescopic segments (20,21).
8. A method for installing a railway switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in tracks, characterized in that the switch completely preassembled in functional units is transferred onto a transport vehicle, and that the tongue region, the rail interspace region and the core region including preassembled sleepers, the movable switch parts such as, e.g., the tongue device and the safety devices are lowered on the installation site in the preassembled state and connected with the adjoining rails, whereupon the switch is ballasted and the track ballast is packed, the connection ducts for the switch mechanism and the switch safety devices are connected and the switch is put into operation.
9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the core region and/or the rail interspace region for transport purposes are tilted out of the rail running plane and transported in the tilted state.
10. A method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the rail interspace region and/or the core region after tilting are lowered in the vertical direction and connected with the tongue device.

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