EP0315619B1 - Switching apparatus for rocking rails or movable frogs in the crossing region of a point - Google Patents

Switching apparatus for rocking rails or movable frogs in the crossing region of a point Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0315619B1
EP0315619B1 EP88890267A EP88890267A EP0315619B1 EP 0315619 B1 EP0315619 B1 EP 0315619B1 EP 88890267 A EP88890267 A EP 88890267A EP 88890267 A EP88890267 A EP 88890267A EP 0315619 B1 EP0315619 B1 EP 0315619B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
rails
frog
movable
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88890267A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0315619A3 (en
EP0315619A2 (en
Inventor
Gerald Durchschlag
Alfred Lang
Franz Dipl.-Ing. Rotter
Fritz Dieter
Heinz Kopilovitsch
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Voestalpine Railway Systems GmbH
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Voestalpine Weichensysteme GmbH
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Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0293187A external-priority patent/AT391500B/en
Application filed by Voestalpine Weichensysteme GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Weichensysteme GmbH
Publication of EP0315619A2 publication Critical patent/EP0315619A2/en
Publication of EP0315619A3 publication Critical patent/EP0315619A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0315619B1 publication Critical patent/EP0315619B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02Tongues; Associated constructions
    • E01B7/08Other constructions of tongues, e.g. tilting about an axis parallel to the rail, movable tongue blocks or rails
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/02Mechanical devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. local manual control
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02Tongues; Associated constructions
    • E01B7/06Constructions with flexible tongues or flexible fishplates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a changeover device for rails pivotable about a pivot axis or movable frogs in the crossover area of a switch.
  • a continuous driving edge in the desired direction of travel can be achieved by, for example, bringing wing rails into contact with a rigid centerpiece, with one of the two wing rails being brought into contact with the centerpiece and the opposite one depending on the direction of travel in the crossover area Wing rail is lifted off on the same side of the centerpiece.
  • conventional adjusting devices have been previously proposed, as are usually used in switch construction. Such actuators have angle levers and push rods and are relatively complex to construct. Due to the large number of joints in such adjusting devices, such adjusting devices can in no way be used directly to support the correct position of movable rails in the crossover area of a switch.
  • AT-PS 328 488 shows a Vignol rail switch with a centerpiece and movable wing rails.
  • the movable wing rails serve to avoid an interruption in the driving edge in the area of the heart tip which impairs driving comfort. Supporting the wing rails in their respective position lying against the centerpiece does not in any way ensure the maintenance of a required minimum distance for the passage of the wheel flange in this known design.
  • a support rod was provided for the support, which can extend over several sleepers and in this way can also maintain a support if there are differences in length due to temperature fluctuations.
  • the switch adjustment was carried out in this known design according to AT-PS 328 488 in a known and conventional manner and analogously, the wing rails were adjusted.
  • the invention now aims to provide a changeover device for rails pivotable about a pivot axis or movable frogs in the crossover area of a switch, with which it is possible not only to change the respective moving parts, but also to provide effective support and exact verifiability ensure the selected swivel position.
  • the invention relates to a changeover device for rails or movable frogs which can be pivoted about a pivot axis in the crossover area of a switch, the pivotable rails or movable frogs being supported in their position in alignment with the wing rails or connecting rails by supporting rods running in the longitudinal direction of the rails, which are linearly displaceable on the sleepers or support plates in the longitudinal direction of the rails or frogs, and wherein the support rods are designed as an actuator for the changeover and have at least one thrust support which cooperate with thrust supports of the pivotable rails or the frog, with at least one of the interacting surfaces of the thrust supports of the rail or frog and / or support rod from a wedge surface is formed, which merges into a substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod support surface, which support surface in the respectively aligned position or in the adjacent position of the rail or the frog with the S chub support of the rail or the centerpiece cooperates.
  • a support rod with thrust supports Due to the fact that a support rod with thrust supports is used, a simple drive for the changeover device can be achieved even in the case of complicated and long, swiveling components, which can be adapted to the desired course of the track over the entire length of the respectively adjustable area.
  • the use of support rods with thrust supports allows not only the changeover but also the support of the respective end position of the movement of the movable rail parts in the crossing area and such a design enables a significant improvement in the mounting of pivotable parts in the crossing area of a switch.
  • the exact guidance is given in particular by the straight-line displacement of the support or push rod, the disadvantages of an articulated connection described at the outset being avoided.
  • frogs can be used in a wide variety of training courses in railway superstructure.
  • block cast frogs are known which can be pivotally fixed in a simple manner and can be supported in both directions with such a changeover device in the respective pivot position.
  • the advantage can additionally be achieved that one of the two connecting rails to the heart piece with the heart piece, namely the main tip, can be welded, thereby avoiding an additional interruption in the driving edge.
  • the exact adjustment as is made possible by thrust supports, makes it possible, when pivoting such frogs, to maintain the necessary distance for the passage of the wheel flange.
  • temperature fluctuations have no significant influence on the exactness of the selected setting, since long rods are naturally subject to a greater change in length in the event of temperature fluctuations than small-sized thrust supports.
  • the formation of an area which is essentially parallel to the respective direction of travel ensures effective locking of the respectively selected changeover position.
  • the changeover device according to the invention can be used in connection with movable rails in the area of intersection, for which the design is preferably such that the movable rail in the area of intersection is formed by a pivotably mounted piece of rail, the pivot axis of which is essentially normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail between the Free ends of the rail piece is arranged, with thrust supports for pivoting and securing the end position of the rail piece are arranged on both sides of the pivot axis and the rail piece.
  • these thrust supports in addition to the wedge surfaces for the pivoting of the rail section, have support surfaces which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail, it is possible to drive through such crossing areas at increased speed without the need for larger components in the crossing area of the switch.
  • the safe support in the respective swivel position and the possibility of adapting the length of the rail area to be moved or swiveled to the requirements enable the formation of rail switches for the highest speeds.
  • the training can be advantageously made so that at an intersection formed by a rail section that can be pivoted about a pivot axis, inclined surfaces of the thrust supports opposite to each other are arranged on both sides of the pivot axis, so that a safe adjustment of the rail section is ensured with small drives of low power .
  • the changeover device can also be used in a simple manner for frogs which are pivotably mounted about a pivot axis, since here too the securing and support of the frog tip in both directions and thus the maintenance of the required minimum distances of the lifted rail sections is ensured in a particularly simple manner.
  • the changeover device with support rods and thrust supports also enables other, novel designs in the crossover area of a switch, with which the driving comfort and the ability to drive at high speed can be safely maintained even when signs of wear begin to appear.
  • the training for this is advantageous met that the centerpiece tip is slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the rail and is resiliently held in contact with a rigid wing rail or connecting rail, and that the thrust supports for the conversion of the centerpiece transversely to the line of action of the spring, the end of the centerpiece tip opposite the resilient system in contact with the Hold the respective connecting rail or wing rail in the direction of travel.
  • thrust supports are arranged on both sides of a support rod, the support surfaces of which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod and are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the support rod.
  • the design can be such that the thrust supports connected to a support rod have cranked strips which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the support rod, the flanks of which are facing and facing away from the thrust support, each with at least one counter-stop, in particular a roller, of the thrust support interact pivotable rail or the movable heart.
  • the design can be advantageously made in a manner known per se such that the thrust supports engage coupling members of mutually associated movable rails.
  • the design according to the invention can be such that movable wing rails and movable connecting rails are connected to a stationary centerpiece which is essentially parallelogram-shaped in plan view, the end faces of which are adjacent to the centerpiece and which are essentially attached to the centerpiece in the respective contact position are designed to run parallel to the adjacent edge of the frog, with a connecting rail and wing rail aligned in the longitudinal direction in each case alternately pressed against thrust supports in abutment against the frog and the other wing rail and the connecting rail essentially in alignment therewith while maintaining a predetermined distance for the passage of the Wheel rim are secured in the respective position by thrust supports.
  • support rods also offers the advantage that exact position monitoring can be carried out, for which limit switches or inductive or capacitive proximity switches can be connected in a known and conventional manner with support rods of this type. Due to the relatively large displacement path of such support rods relative to the relatively small adjustment path that is to be achieved with the changeover device, this results in great precision in the detection of the desired end position, taking into account the areas of the rail which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail Thrust supports also signal the safety of the support.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for a rail that can be pivoted about an axis in the crossing area
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a changeover device according to the invention for a movable heart piece in the crossing area
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for a rail that can be pivoted about an axis in the crossing area
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a changeover device according to the invention for a movable heart piece in the crossing area
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for a rail that can be pivoted about an axis in the crossing area
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a changeover device according to the invention for a movable heart piece in the crossing area
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for a rail that can be pivoted about an axis in the crossing area
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a changeover device according to the invention for a movable heart piece
  • FIG 3 shows a modified embodiment of a movable heart piece in the crossing area with a Changeover device according to the invention
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for connecting rails or wing rails alternately resting on a frog
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the changeover device with thrust supports arranged on both sides of the support rod in an enlarged scale compared to the preceding representations
  • Figure 6 analogously 5 shows a modified embodiment of a double thrust support arrangement.
  • 1 designates a pivotally mounted rail piece in the crossover area of a switch which optionally connects to rigid wing rails 2 and rigid wing rails 3.
  • the pivotable rail section 1 can be pivoted about an axis that is schematically designated 4 and runs essentially normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail, the pivot axis 4 being provided in a central region between the free ends of the rail section 1.
  • rigid supports 5 are provided, which, like the mounting of the rail section 1 and the immediately adjacent area of the wing rails 2 or the connecting rails 3, for example on a common trough or not shown Plate are attached.
  • thrust supports 6 are provided on the rail section, which cooperate with thrust supports 7 of a support rod 8, the drive of which is indicated by 9.
  • the Support rod 8 is mounted in guides schematically indicated with 10, which are again connected to the base plate or trough of the intersection.
  • the thrust supports 7 arranged on the support rod 8 each have wedge surfaces 11, which merge into a support surface 12 which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 8, the support surface 12, which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod, engaging with the rail piece 1 connected thrust support 6 ensures the fixing of the rail piece in the selected position.
  • the thrust supports 7 have oppositely inclined surfaces 11 on both sides of the pivot axis 4, so that when the support rod 8 is moved in the longitudinal direction, a change of the rail section 1 into both end positions is made possible.
  • support rods with thrust supports are provided on both sides of the movable rail section in order to achieve reliable support of the entire length of the movable rail section.
  • the thrust supports are arranged in such a way that the locking achieved by the interaction of the parallel support surface 12 with the thrust support 6 of the rail is released before one comes into play by the corresponding wedge surfaces 11 on the thrust supports provided on the other end side of the movable rail piece Changeover is effected.
  • Electric drives or hydraulic cylinders, for example, can be used as drives 9 for the support rods 8.
  • the rigid wing rails are again designated 2 and the rigid connection rails 3.
  • the centerpiece 13 is changed over support rods 8, which have thrust supports 7, by a movement of the support rods 8 in the longitudinal direction thereof, the determination of a position in turn by an interaction of the parallel to the Longitudinal direction of the support rod 8 extending support surface 12 of the thrust support 7 with thrust supports, 6 is effected on the centerpiece.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a cardiac tip 14 modified from FIG. 2, which is slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the rail and via a spring 15, which is connected to the connecting rails 3 via a bearing 16, resiliently in contact with a rigid wing rail 2 is held.
  • the changeover of this frog 14 takes place analogously to the changeover of the frog of FIG. 2 via support rods 8, which have thrust supports 7 with wedge surfaces 11 and support surfaces 12 and which in the end positions each securely fix the heart tip 14 via the interaction of the longitudinal direction of the support rod 8 parallel support surface 12 with thrust supports arranged at the frog tip 14 results.
  • a resilient mounting of the cardiac tip on the rigid wing rails 2 can also be provided and a changeover and locking of the cardiac tip in via changeover devices with support rods and thrust supports with wedge surfaces and support surfaces running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rods System to be provided on the corresponding connecting rail.
  • a rigid heart 17 is provided, which in the plan view in is essentially designed in the form of a parallelogram to which movable wing rails 2 and movable connecting rails 3 connect.
  • support rods 8 with thrust supports 7 are again provided, which have wedge surfaces 11 and support surfaces 12 which run essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rods and which cooperate with thrust supports 6 of the rails 2 and 3. So that a mutually assigned wing rails and connecting rails can be carried out at the same time, the wedge surfaces on both sides of the central region of the frog 17 are designed in opposite directions to one another.
  • connecting rods 18 are provided, so that by moving a rail to one side of the frog by taking the coupled rail with it, the corresponding rail is lifted off the other contact surface of the frog.
  • the guide 10 of the support rods can be formed by angle profiles which are connected to the common base plate or trough of the intersection area, wherein a roller bearing can be provided in these guides to reduce the frictional forces during the movement of the support rods.
  • rollers can be provided, for example, in the area of the contact surface of the thrust supports 6, wedge surface profiles deviating from a straight wedge surface 11 can also be selected for easy rolling of such rollers.
  • the thrust supports 6 can be designed at least over a partial area with an inclination corresponding to the wedge surfaces 11, which in turn can reduce the friction during the changeover.
  • FIG. 5 in comparison with the preceding figures, 19 is an enlarged illustration of a partial area of a movable heart which rests on a wing rail 20.
  • a thrust support 21 is connected to the heart tip 19, in which rollers 22 are mounted, which cooperate with thrust supports 23 of a support rod 24 that can only be moved in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
  • the thrust supports 23 in turn have inclined wedge surfaces 25 and support surfaces 26 running essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 24.
  • the tongue rail is locked by the interaction of the support surface 26 facing the cardiac tip 19 with a stop surface 27 provided in the plane of the corresponding roller 22.
  • the cardiac tip is opened or switched when the cardiac tip is moved
  • Support rod 24 in the direction of arrow 28 first unlocks the abutting surfaces 26 and 27, whereupon the roller 22, which is more distant from the heart tip 19, engages with the outer wedge surface 25 and thus pulls the splint or the heart tip 19 away from the contact position and into System to the second rigid rail 20 brings.
  • the changeover device on either side of a movable heart tip, since the thrust supports 23 arranged on both sides of the support rod 24 convert and lock in both contact positions.
  • the movable heart tip 19 is again shown in contact with a wing rail 20 and connected to a thrust support 29.
  • the thrust support 29 has rollers 30 and 31 which are mounted in an extension 32 of the thrust support 29 and encompass a bar 33 which is connected to a thrust support 34 connected to the support rod 24.
  • the strip 33 for example extending outside the plane of the support rod 24, has a first wedge surface 35 which merges into a first support surface 36 which runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 24 and with which the roller 30 interacts, and a second wedge surface or inclined surface 37 which merges into a second support surface 38.

Abstract

In a switching apparatus for rails (1) which can be swivelled about a swivel axis (4) or movable frogs in the crossing region of a point, the swivellable rails (1) or movable frogs are supported in their position which is aligned with or adjacent to wing rails or connecting rails (2, 3). In this arrangement, the supporting rods (8) are designed as an actuating member for the switching and comprise at least one thrust support (7) which interacts with thrust supports (6) of the swivellable rails (1) or of the frog, at least one of the interacting surfaces of the thrust supports (6, 7) of the rail (1) or frog and/or supporting rod (8) being formed by a wedge surface (11) which merges into a supporting surface (12) which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod (8), which supporting surface interacts in the respectively aligned position or in the adjacent position of the rail (1) or of the frog with the thrust support (6) of the rail (1) or of the frog. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Umstellvorrichtung für um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbare Schienen oder bewegliche Herzstücke im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche.The invention relates to a changeover device for rails pivotable about a pivot axis or movable frogs in the crossover area of a switch.

Im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche kann eine durchgehende Fahrkante in der jeweils gewünschten Fahrtrichtung dadurch erzielt werden, daß beispielsweise Flügelschienen an ein starres Herzstück in Anlage gebracht werden, wobei je nach Fahrtrichtung im Kreuzungsbereich jeweils eine der beiden Flügelschienen an das Herzstück in Anlage gebracht wird und die gegenüberliegende Flügelschiene an der gleichen Seite des Herzstückes abgehoben wird. Prinzipiell ist es beispielsweise aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung 130 783 bereits bekanntgeworden, anstelle eines Herzstückes einen schwenkbaren Schienenabschnitt einzusetzen, so daß je nach Schwenklage des Schienenabschnittes eine durchlaufende Schienenoberkante für ein weitgehend stoßfreies Überfahren des Kreuzungsbereiches zur Verfügung steht. Für die Verstellung derartiger Einrichtungen sind bisher konventionelle Stellvorrichtungen vorgeschlagen worden, wie sie üblicherweise im Weichenbau Anwendung finden. Derartige Stellvorrichtungen weisen Winkelhebel und Schubstangen auf und sind relativ aufwendig in ihrem Aufbau. Bedingt durch die große Anzahl von Gelenken in derartigen Stellvorrichtungen lassen sich derartige Stellvorrichtungen keinesfalls unmittelbar zur Abstützung der korrekten Position von beweglichen Schienen im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche heranziehen.In the crossover area of a switch, a continuous driving edge in the desired direction of travel can be achieved by, for example, bringing wing rails into contact with a rigid centerpiece, with one of the two wing rails being brought into contact with the centerpiece and the opposite one depending on the direction of travel in the crossover area Wing rail is lifted off on the same side of the centerpiece. In principle, it has already become known, for example from European patent application 130 783, to use a pivotable rail section instead of a center piece, so that, depending on the pivoting position of the rail section, a continuous upper rail edge is available for largely bump-free crossing of the crossing area. For the adjustment of such devices, conventional adjusting devices have been previously proposed, as are usually used in switch construction. Such actuators have angle levers and push rods and are relatively complex to construct. Due to the large number of joints in such adjusting devices, such adjusting devices can in no way be used directly to support the correct position of movable rails in the crossover area of a switch.

Aus der US-A-1 569 141 ist eine Ausbildung und ein Umstellmechanismus für bewegliche Schienenteile bekanntgeworden, wobei der Verschiebeantrieb wiederum ein Gelenk erfordert, um der Schwenkbewegung des schwenkbaren Schienenteiles bzw. des beweglichen Herzstückes folgen zu können. Die Abstützung erfolgt beim Gegenstand der US-A-1 569 141 am Stegbereich des beweglichen Schienenteiles und eine derartige Führung am Stegbereich des beweglichen Schienenteiles erfordert die gelenkige Verbindung der Abstützstange mit dem Antrieb.From US-A-1 569 141 a training and a changeover mechanism for movable rail parts has become known, the displacement drive in turn requiring a joint in order to be able to follow the pivoting movement of the pivotable rail part or of the movable core. The support is provided in the subject of US-A-1 569 141 on the web area of the movable rail part and such a guide on the web area of the movable rail part requires the articulated connection of the support rod with the drive.

Insbesondere für mit hoher Geschwindigkeit durchfahrbare Weichen ist eine sichere und korrekte Abstützung der jeweils gewählten Position von Schiene bzw. Herzstück im Kreuzungsbereich der Weiche von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Im Zusammenhang mit Flügelschienen wurden zur Einhaltung einer gewählten Position bereits Ausbildungen mit Abstützstangen vorgeschlagen. Im besonderen zeigt die AT-PS 328 488 eine Vignolschienenweiche mit einem Herzstück und beweglichen Flügelschienen. Die beweglichen Flügelschienen dienen bei dieser Ausbildung dazu, im Bereich der Herzspitze eine Fahrkantenunterbrechung, welche den Fahrkomfort beeinträchtigt, zu vermeiden. Eine Abstützung der Flügelschienen in ihrer jeweiligen, am Herzstück anliegenden Position sichert aber bei dieser bekannten Ausbildung in keiner Weise die Aufrechterhaltung eines geforderten Mindestabstandes für den Durchgang des Radspurkranzes. Bei der bekannten Ausbildung war für die Abstützung eine Abstützstange vorgesehen, welche sich über mehrere Schwellen erstrecken kann und auf diese Weise auch eine Abstützung aufrechterhalten kann, wenn sich durch Temperaturschwankungen Längenunterschiede ergeben. Die Weichenverstellung erfolgte bei dieser bekannten Ausbildung nach der AT-PS 328 488 in bekannter und konventioneller Weise und analog wurden auch die Flügelschienen verstellt.In particular for turnouts that can be driven through at high speed, safe and correct support of the respectively selected position of the rail or centerpiece in the crossing area of the turnout is of essential importance. In connection with wing rails, training with support rods has already been proposed to maintain a selected position. In particular, AT-PS 328 488 shows a Vignol rail switch with a centerpiece and movable wing rails. With this design, the movable wing rails serve to avoid an interruption in the driving edge in the area of the heart tip which impairs driving comfort. Supporting the wing rails in their respective position lying against the centerpiece does not in any way ensure the maintenance of a required minimum distance for the passage of the wheel flange in this known design. In the known design, a support rod was provided for the support, which can extend over several sleepers and in this way can also maintain a support if there are differences in length due to temperature fluctuations. The switch adjustment was carried out in this known design according to AT-PS 328 488 in a known and conventional manner and analogously, the wing rails were adjusted.

Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, eine Umstellvorrichtung für um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbare Schienen oder bewegliche Herzstücke im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche zu schaffen, mit welcher es möglich wird, nicht nur eine Umstellung der jeweils beweglichen Teile vorzunehmen, sondern gleichzeitig auch eine wirksame Abstützung und exakte Überprüfbarkeit der gewählten Schwenklage sicherzustellen. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe betrifft die Erfindung eine Umstellvorrichtung für um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbare Schienen oder bewegliche Herzstücke im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche, wobei die schwenkbaren Schienen bzw. beweglichen Herzstücke durch in Schienenlängsrichtung verlaufende, an den Schwellen bzw. Unterlagsplatten in Längsrichtung der Schienen bzw. Herzstücke geradlinig verschiebbar geführte Abstützstangen in ihrer mit Flügelschienen bzw. Anschlußschienen fluchtenden bzw. anliegenden Lage abgestützt sind, und wobei die Abstützstangen als Stellglied für die Umstellung ausgebildet sind und wenigstens eine Schubstütze aufweisen, welche mit Schubstützen der schwenkbaren Schienen bzw. des Herzstückes zusammenwirken, wobei wenigstens eine der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Flächen der Schubstützen von Schiene bzw. Herzstück und/oder Abstützstange von einer Keilfläche gebildet ist, welche in eine zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange im wesentlichen parallele Stützfläche übergeht, welche Stützfläche in der jeweils fluchtenden Lage bzw. in der anliegenden Stellung der Schiene bzw. des Herzstückes mit der Schubstütze der Schiene bzw. des Herzstückes zusammenwirkt. Dadurch, daß eine Abstützstange mit Schubstützen Verwendung findet, läßt sich auch bei komplizierten und langbauenden, schwenkbaren Bauteilen ein einfacher Antrieb für die Umstellvorrichtung erzielen, welche dem jeweils gewünschten Verlauf des Gleises über die gesamte Länge des jeweils umstellbaren Bereiches angepaßt werden kann. Insbesondere erlaubt die Verwendung von Abstützstangen mit Schubstützen nicht nur die Umstellung sondern auch die Abstützung der jeweiligen Endlage der Bewegung der beweglichen Schienenteile im Kreuzungsbereich und es ermöglicht eine derartige Ausbildung eine deutliche Verbesserung der Lagerung von schwenkbaren Teilen im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche. Die exakte Führung ist insbesondere durch die geradlinige Verschiebung von Abstütz- bzw. Schubstange gegeben, wobei die eingangs dargelegten Nachteile einer gelenkigen Verbindung vermieden werden. Insbesondere kann mit derartigen geradlinig geführten Abstützstangen und Schubstützen eine Abstützung bzw. Verstellbewegung zu beiden Seiten von schwenkbaren oder beweglichen Teilen im Kreuzungsbereich erzielt werden, so daß es unter anderem möglich wird, anstelle konventioneller Herzstücke einfache Schienenstücke als schwenkbare Teile und als Ersatz für kompliziert geformte Herzstücke einzusetzen und derartige Strecken dennoch mit großer Geschwindigkeit zu durchfahren. Herzstücke können prinzipiell in verschiedenster Ausbildung im Eisenbahnoberbau Verwendung finden. So sind beispielsweise Blockgußherzstücke bekannt, welche in einfacher Weise schwenkbar festgelegt sein können und mit einer derartigen Umstellvorrichtung in der jeweiligen Schwenklage in beide Richtungen abgestützt werden können. Bei Ausbildungen von Herzstücken mit Hauptspitze und Beispitze kann hiebei zusätzlich der Vorteil erzielt werden, daß eine der beiden Anschlußschienen an das Herzstück mit dem Herzstück, nämlich der Hauptspitze, verschweißt sein kann, wodurch eine zusätzliche Fahrkantenunterbrechung vermieden wird. Die exakte Verstellung, wie sie durch Schubstützen möglich wird, ermöglicht es bei einem Verschwenken derartiger Herzstücke, den notwendigen Abstand für den Durchtritt des Radspurkranzes sicher aufrechtzuerhalten. Zum Unterschied von konventionellen Umstellvorrichtungen, welche notwendigerweise durch das Gleisbett seitlich herausgeführt werden, sind Temperaturschwankungen ohne nennenswerten Einfluß auf die Exaktheit der gewählten Einstellung, da lange Stangen bei Temperaturschwankungen naturgemäß einer größeren Längenänderung unterliegen als kleinbauende Schubstützen. Durch die Ausbildung eines zur jeweiligen Fahrtrichtung im wesentlichen parallelen Bereiches wird eine wirksame Verriegelung der jeweils gewählten Umstellposition sichergestellt.The invention now aims to provide a changeover device for rails pivotable about a pivot axis or movable frogs in the crossover area of a switch, with which it is possible not only to change the respective moving parts, but also to provide effective support and exact verifiability ensure the selected swivel position. To achieve this object, the invention relates to a changeover device for rails or movable frogs which can be pivoted about a pivot axis in the crossover area of a switch, the pivotable rails or movable frogs being supported in their position in alignment with the wing rails or connecting rails by supporting rods running in the longitudinal direction of the rails, which are linearly displaceable on the sleepers or support plates in the longitudinal direction of the rails or frogs, and wherein the support rods are designed as an actuator for the changeover and have at least one thrust support which cooperate with thrust supports of the pivotable rails or the frog, with at least one of the interacting surfaces of the thrust supports of the rail or frog and / or support rod from a wedge surface is formed, which merges into a substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod support surface, which support surface in the respectively aligned position or in the adjacent position of the rail or the frog with the S chub support of the rail or the centerpiece cooperates. Due to the fact that a support rod with thrust supports is used, a simple drive for the changeover device can be achieved even in the case of complicated and long, swiveling components, which can be adapted to the desired course of the track over the entire length of the respectively adjustable area. In particular, the use of support rods with thrust supports allows not only the changeover but also the support of the respective end position of the movement of the movable rail parts in the crossing area and such a design enables a significant improvement in the mounting of pivotable parts in the crossing area of a switch. The exact guidance is given in particular by the straight-line displacement of the support or push rod, the disadvantages of an articulated connection described at the outset being avoided. In particular, with such rectilinear support rods and thrust supports, a support or adjustment movement can be achieved on both sides of pivotable or movable parts in the intersection area, so that it Among other things, it becomes possible to use simple rail pieces as swiveling parts and as a replacement for complex shaped heart pieces instead of conventional heart pieces and still to drive through such distances at high speed. In principle, frogs can be used in a wide variety of training courses in railway superstructure. For example, block cast frogs are known which can be pivotally fixed in a simple manner and can be supported in both directions with such a changeover device in the respective pivot position. When forming heart pieces with a main tip and an example, the advantage can additionally be achieved that one of the two connecting rails to the heart piece with the heart piece, namely the main tip, can be welded, thereby avoiding an additional interruption in the driving edge. The exact adjustment, as is made possible by thrust supports, makes it possible, when pivoting such frogs, to maintain the necessary distance for the passage of the wheel flange. In contrast to conventional changeover devices, which are necessarily led out laterally through the track bed, temperature fluctuations have no significant influence on the exactness of the selected setting, since long rods are naturally subject to a greater change in length in the event of temperature fluctuations than small-sized thrust supports. The formation of an area which is essentially parallel to the respective direction of travel ensures effective locking of the respectively selected changeover position.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise läßt sich die erfindungsgemäße Umstellvorrichtung im Zusammenhang mit beweglichen Schienen im Kreuzungsbereich verwenden, wofür die Ausbildung mit Vorzug so getroffen ist, daß die bewegliche Schiene im Kreuzungsbereich von einem schwenkbar gelagerten Schienenstück gebildet ist, dessen zur Schienenlängsachse im wesentlichen normale Schwenkachse zwischen den freien Enden des Schienenstückes angeordnet ist, wobei zu beiden Seiten der Schwenkachse und des Schienenstückes Schubstützen zur Verschwenkung und Sicherung der Endlage des Schienenstückes angeordnet sind. Bei derartigen beweglichen, insbesondere schwenkbar gelagerten Schienenstücken war es bisher bekannt, die Schwenklagerung nahe einem Ende des schwenkbaren Schienenabschnittes anzuordnen, wodurch die Lagerstelle im Bereich des Überlaufes auf die Fahrkante der anschließenden Anschlußschienen in hohem Maße beansprucht war. Dadurch, daß erfindungsgemäß bei den beweglichen Schienen nunmehr die Anlenkachse zwischen den beiden freien Enden des beweglichen Schienenstückes angeordnet ist, ergibt sich bei der Verwendung von zu beiden Seiten der Schwenkachse und des Schienenstückes angeordneten Schubstützen die Möglichkeit, den Anschluß an beiden Seiten des beweglichen Schienenstückes exakt zu positionieren, wodurch sich eine Erhöhung des Fahrkomforts ergibt. Dadurch, daß diese Schubstützen wiederum neben den Keilflächen für die Verschwenkung des Schienenabschnittes die im wesentlichen zur Schienenlängsrichtung parallelen Abstützflächen aufweisen, lassen sich derartige Kreuzungsbereiche mit erhöhter Geschwindigkeit durchfahren, ohne daß hiefür größere Bauteile im Kreuzungsbereich der Weiche erforderlich werden. Die sichere Abstützung in der jeweiligen Schwenklage und die Möglichkeit den umzustellenden bzw. zu verschwenkenden Schienenbereich den Erfordernissen entsprechend in der Länge anzupassen, ermöglichen die Ausbildung von Schienenweichen für höchste Geschwindigkeiten. Die Ausbildung kann hiebei mit Vorteil so getroffen sein, daß bei einem von einer um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbaren Schienenstück gebildeten Kreuzungsbereich zu beiden Seiten der Schwenkachse entgegengesetzt zueinander geneigte Schrägflächen der Schubstützen angeordnet sind, so daß mit kleinbauenden Antrieben geringer Leistung eine sichere Verstellung des Schienenstückes gewährleistet wird.In a particularly advantageous manner, the changeover device according to the invention can be used in connection with movable rails in the area of intersection, for which the design is preferably such that the movable rail in the area of intersection is formed by a pivotably mounted piece of rail, the pivot axis of which is essentially normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail between the Free ends of the rail piece is arranged, with thrust supports for pivoting and securing the end position of the rail piece are arranged on both sides of the pivot axis and the rail piece. In the case of such movable, in particular pivotably mounted, rail pieces, it was previously known to arrange the pivot bearing near one end of the pivotable rail section, as a result of which the bearing point in the area of the overflow on the running edge of the subsequent connecting rails was highly stressed. The fact that, according to the invention, the articulation axis is now arranged between the two free ends of the movable rail piece in the case of the movable rails, results in the use of on both sides of the pivot axis and the Rail supports arranged thrust supports allow the connection to be positioned exactly on both sides of the movable rail section, which results in an increase in driving comfort. Because these thrust supports, in addition to the wedge surfaces for the pivoting of the rail section, have support surfaces which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail, it is possible to drive through such crossing areas at increased speed without the need for larger components in the crossing area of the switch. The safe support in the respective swivel position and the possibility of adapting the length of the rail area to be moved or swiveled to the requirements enable the formation of rail switches for the highest speeds. The training can be advantageously made so that at an intersection formed by a rail section that can be pivoted about a pivot axis, inclined surfaces of the thrust supports opposite to each other are arranged on both sides of the pivot axis, so that a safe adjustment of the rail section is ensured with small drives of low power .

Die Umstellvorrichtung läßt sich aber auch in einfacher Weise für Herzstücke anwenden, welche um eine Anlenkachse schwenkbar gelagert sind, da auch hier die Sicherung und Abstützung der Herzstückspitze in beide Richtungen und damit die Aufrechterhaltung der geforderten Mindestabstände der abgehobenen Schienenabschnitte in besonders einfacher Weise gewährleistet wird.The changeover device can also be used in a simple manner for frogs which are pivotably mounted about a pivot axis, since here too the securing and support of the frog tip in both directions and thus the maintenance of the required minimum distances of the lifted rail sections is ensured in a particularly simple manner.

Die Umstellvorrichtung mit Abstützstangen und Schubstützen ermöglicht aber auch andere, neuartige Ausbildungen im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche, mit welchen auch bei beginnenden Verschleißerscheinungen der Fahrkomfort und die Befahrbarkeit mit hoher Geschwindigkeit sicher aufrechterhalten werden kann. Mit Vorteil ist die Ausbildung hiefür so getroffen, daß die Herzstückspitze in Schienenlängsrichtung verschieblich gelagert ist und federnd in Anlage an jeweils eine starre Flügelschiene oder Anschlußschiene gehalten ist, und daß die Schubstützen für die Umstellung des Herzstückes quer zur Wirkungslinie der Feder das der federnden Anlage gegenüberliegende Ende der Herzstückspitze in Anlage an die jeweilige in Fahrtrichtung liegende Anschlußschiene bzw. Flügelschiene halten. Insbesondere eine derartige federnde Anlage an Flügelschienen oder Anschlußschienen wird erst durch die Verwendung einer Umstellvorrichtung mit Abstützstangen und Schubstützen möglich, da nur eine solche Ausbildung die Möglichkeit bietet, das Herzstück in Längsrichtung der Schiene in begrenztem Ausmaß verschieblich zu lagern. Bei konventioneller Verstellung ohne eindeutige Definition der jeweiligen Verschiebelage in beide Richtungen und ohne Abstützung der jeweils einzuhaltenden Endposition, läßt sich eine axial verschiebliche Lagerung und federnde Lagerung eines Herzstückes nicht ohne weiteres kontrollieren.The changeover device with support rods and thrust supports also enables other, novel designs in the crossover area of a switch, with which the driving comfort and the ability to drive at high speed can be safely maintained even when signs of wear begin to appear. The training for this is advantageous met that the centerpiece tip is slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the rail and is resiliently held in contact with a rigid wing rail or connecting rail, and that the thrust supports for the conversion of the centerpiece transversely to the line of action of the spring, the end of the centerpiece tip opposite the resilient system in contact with the Hold the respective connecting rail or wing rail in the direction of travel. In particular, such a resilient system on wing rails or connecting rails is only possible through the use of a change-over device with support rods and thrust supports, since only such a configuration offers the possibility of slidably supporting the centerpiece in the longitudinal direction of the rail. With conventional adjustment without a clear definition of the respective displacement position in both directions and without support of the end position to be observed, an axially displaceable mounting and resilient mounting of a frog cannot be easily controlled.

Eine weitere Reduktion der für den Antrieb der Umstellvorrichtung erforderlichen Bauteile, läßt sich dadurch verwirklichen, daß zu beiden Seiten einer Abstützstange Schubstützen angeordnet sind, deren zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange im wesentlichen parallele Stützflächen in Längsrichtung der Abstützstange versetzt angeordnet sind. Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung kann mit einer einzigen Abstützstange das Auslangen gefunden werden, wobei diese Abstützstange die Lagesicherung in beide Richtungen quer zur Schienenlängsachse übernehmen kann. Die Ausbildung kann alternativ zur Verringerung des Antriebsaufwandes so getroffen sein, daß die mit einer Abstützstange verbundenen Schubstützen gekröpfte, sich quer zur Längsachse der Abstützstange erstreckende Leisten aufweisen, deren der Schubstütze zugewandte und abgewandte Flanken mit je wenigstens einem Gegenanschlag, insbesondere Rolle, der Schubstütze der schwenkbaren Schiene bzw. des beweglichen Herzstückes zusammenwirken.A further reduction in the components required for driving the changeover device can be achieved in that thrust supports are arranged on both sides of a support rod, the support surfaces of which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod and are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the support rod. With such a design, the sufficiency can be found with a single support rod, which support rod can take over the position securing in both directions transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rail. As an alternative to reducing the drive effort, the design can be such that the thrust supports connected to a support rod have cranked strips which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the support rod, the flanks of which are facing and facing away from the thrust support, each with at least one counter-stop, in particular a roller, of the thrust support interact pivotable rail or the movable heart.

Insbesondere beim Anschluß von beweglichen Anschlußstücken an starre Herzstücke oder zur gleichzeitigen Betätigung von zwei Flügelschienen, kann die Ausbildung in an sich bekannter Weise mit Vorteil so getroffen sein, daß die Schubstützen an Kopplungsgliedern einander zugeordneter beweglicher Schienen angreifen. Insbesondere für komplexere Ausbildungen mit starrem Herzstück kann die Ausbildung erfindungsgemäß so getroffen sein, daß an ein ortsfest gelagertes, in der Draufsicht im wesentlichen parallelogrammförmiges Herzstück bewegliche Flügelschienen und bewegliche Anschlußschienen angeschlossen sind, deren dem Herzstück benachbarte Stirnflächen in der jeweiligen Anlagestellung an das Herzstück im wesentlichen parallel zur benachbarten Kante des Herzstückes verlaufend ausgebildet sind, wobei jeweils in Längsrichtung fluchtend eine Anschlußschiene und Flügelschiene über Schubstützen wechselweise in Anlage an das Herzstück anpreßbar und die jeweils andere Flügelschiene und die mit dieser im wesentlichen fluchtende Anschlußschiene unter Einhaltung eines vorbestimmten Abstandes für den Durchtritt des Radkranzes in der jeweiligen Lage durch Schubstützen gesichert sind.In particular when connecting movable connectors to rigid frogs or for the simultaneous actuation of two wing rails, the design can be advantageously made in a manner known per se such that the thrust supports engage coupling members of mutually associated movable rails. In particular, for more complex designs with a rigid centerpiece, the design according to the invention can be such that movable wing rails and movable connecting rails are connected to a stationary centerpiece which is essentially parallelogram-shaped in plan view, the end faces of which are adjacent to the centerpiece and which are essentially attached to the centerpiece in the respective contact position are designed to run parallel to the adjacent edge of the frog, with a connecting rail and wing rail aligned in the longitudinal direction in each case alternately pressed against thrust supports in abutment against the frog and the other wing rail and the connecting rail essentially in alignment therewith while maintaining a predetermined distance for the passage of the Wheel rim are secured in the respective position by thrust supports.

Die Verwendung von Abstützstangen bietet hiebei gleichzeitig den Vorteil, daß eine exakte Lageüberwachung vorgenommen werden kann, wofür in an sich bekannter und konventioneller Weise mit derartigen Abstützstangen Endlagenschalter oder induktive oder kapazitive Näherungsschalter verbunden werden können. Auf Grund des relativ großen Verschiebeweges derartiger Abstützstangen relativ zu dem relativ kleinen Verstellweg, welcher mit der Umstellvorrichtung bewirkt werden soll, ergibt sich auf diese Weise eine große Präzision in der Erfassung der gewünschten Endlage, wobei mit Rücksicht auf die zur Schienenlängsrichtung im wesentlichen parallelen Bereiche der Schubstützen eine derartige Positionsmeldung gleichzeitig die Sicherheit der Abstützung signalisiert.The use of support rods also offers the advantage that exact position monitoring can be carried out, for which limit switches or inductive or capacitive proximity switches can be connected in a known and conventional manner with support rods of this type. Due to the relatively large displacement path of such support rods relative to the relatively small adjustment path that is to be achieved with the changeover device, this results in great precision in the detection of the desired end position, taking into account the areas of the rail which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail Thrust supports also signal the safety of the support.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig.1 eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Umstellvorrichtung für eine um eine Achse schwenkbare Schiene im Kreuzungsbereich, Fig.2 eine andere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Umstellvorrichtung für ein bewegliches Herzstück im Kreuzungsbereich, Fig.3 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform eines beweglichen Herzstückes im Kreuzungsbereich mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Umstellvorrichtung, Fig.4 eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Umstellvorrichtung für an einem Herzstück wechselweise anliegende Anschlußschienen bzw. Flügelschienen, Fig.5 eine Ausführungsform der Umstellvorrichtung mit zu beiden Seiten der Abstützstange angeordneten Schubstützen in gegenüber den vorangehenden Darstellungen vergrößertem Maßstab, und Fig.6 analog zu Fig.5 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Doppelschubstützenanordnung.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. 1 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for a rail that can be pivoted about an axis in the crossing area, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a changeover device according to the invention for a movable heart piece in the crossing area, FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment of a movable heart piece in the crossing area with a Changeover device according to the invention, Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the changeover device according to the invention for connecting rails or wing rails alternately resting on a frog, Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the changeover device with thrust supports arranged on both sides of the support rod in an enlarged scale compared to the preceding representations, and Figure 6 analogously 5 shows a modified embodiment of a double thrust support arrangement.

In Fig.1 ist mit 1 ein schwenkbar gelagertes Schienenstück im Kreuzungsbereich einer Weiche bezeichnet, welches an starre Flügelschienen 2 und starre Flügelschienen 3 jeweils wahlweise anschließt. Das schwenkbare Schienenstück 1 ist dabei um eine schematisch mit 4 bezeichnete, im wesentlichen normal zur Schienenlängsachse verlaufende Achse schwenkbar, wobei die Schwenkachse 4 in einem mittleren Bereich zwischen den freien Enden des Schienenstückes 1 vorgesehen ist. Für eine exakte Positionierung des Schienenstückes 1 in den jeweiligen Endpositionen sind starre Abstützungen 5 vorgesehen, welche ebenso wie die Lagerung des Schienenstückes 1 sowie des unmittelbar daran anschließenden Bereiches der Flügelschienen 2 bzw. der Anschlußschienen 3 beispielsweise auf einer gemeinsamen, nicht näher dargestellten Wanne bzw. Platte befestigt sind. Zur Umstellung und Fixierung der Position des Schienenstückes 1 sind am Schienenstück Schubstützen 6 vorgesehen, welche mit Schubstützen 7 einer Abstützstange 8 zusammenwirken, deren Antrieb mit 9 angedeutet ist. Die Abstützstange 8 ist dabei in schematisch mit 10 angedeuteten Führungen gelagert, welche wieder mit der Grundplatte bzw. Wanne der Kreuzung verbunden sind. Die an der Abstützstange 8 angeordneten Schubstützen 7 weisen dabei jeweils Keilflächen 11 auf, welche in jeweils eine zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange 8 im wesentlichen parallele Stützfläche 12 übergehen, wobei durch die Anlage der im wesentlichen zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange parallelen Stützfläche 12 an der mit dem Schienenstück 1 verbundenen Schubstütze 6 die Festlegung des Schienenstückes in der gewählten Position sichergestellt wird. Die Schubstützen 7 weisen zu beiden Seiten der Schwenkachse 4 entgegengesetzt geneigte Flächen 11 auf, so daß bei einer Bewegung der Abstützstange 8 in Längsrichtung eine Umstellung des Schienenstückes 1 in beide Endlagen ermöglicht wird. In Fig.1 sind dabei zu beiden Seiten des beweglichen Schienenstückes 1 Abstützstangen mit Schubstützen vorgesehen, um eine sichere Abstützung der gesamten Länge des bewegbaren Schienenstückes zu erzielen. Für eine Umstellung sind die Schubstützen derart angeordnet, daß zuerst die durch das Zusammenwirken der parallelen Stützfläche 12 mit der Schubstütze 6 der Schiene erzielte Verriegelung aufgehoben wird, bevor durch ein Auflaufen der entsprechenden Keilflächen 11 an den auf der anderen Endseite des beweglichen Schienenstückes vorgesehenen Schubstützen eine Umstellung bewirkt wird. Als Antriebe 9 für die Abstützstangen 8 können dabei beispielsweise Elektrohubmotoren oder Hydraulikzylinder Verwendung finden.In FIG. 1, 1 designates a pivotally mounted rail piece in the crossover area of a switch which optionally connects to rigid wing rails 2 and rigid wing rails 3. The pivotable rail section 1 can be pivoted about an axis that is schematically designated 4 and runs essentially normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail, the pivot axis 4 being provided in a central region between the free ends of the rail section 1. For an exact positioning of the rail section 1 in the respective end positions, rigid supports 5 are provided, which, like the mounting of the rail section 1 and the immediately adjacent area of the wing rails 2 or the connecting rails 3, for example on a common trough or not shown Plate are attached. To change and fix the position of the rail section 1, thrust supports 6 are provided on the rail section, which cooperate with thrust supports 7 of a support rod 8, the drive of which is indicated by 9. The Support rod 8 is mounted in guides schematically indicated with 10, which are again connected to the base plate or trough of the intersection. The thrust supports 7 arranged on the support rod 8 each have wedge surfaces 11, which merge into a support surface 12 which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 8, the support surface 12, which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod, engaging with the rail piece 1 connected thrust support 6 ensures the fixing of the rail piece in the selected position. The thrust supports 7 have oppositely inclined surfaces 11 on both sides of the pivot axis 4, so that when the support rod 8 is moved in the longitudinal direction, a change of the rail section 1 into both end positions is made possible. In FIG. 1, support rods with thrust supports are provided on both sides of the movable rail section in order to achieve reliable support of the entire length of the movable rail section. For a changeover, the thrust supports are arranged in such a way that the locking achieved by the interaction of the parallel support surface 12 with the thrust support 6 of the rail is released before one comes into play by the corresponding wedge surfaces 11 on the thrust supports provided on the other end side of the movable rail piece Changeover is effected. Electric drives or hydraulic cylinders, for example, can be used as drives 9 for the support rods 8.

In Fig.2 ist eine Umstellvorrichtung für ein bewegliches Herzstück im Kreuzungsbereich dargestellt. Die starren Flügelschienen sind dabei wiederum mit 2 und die starren Anschlußschienen mit 3 bezeichnet. Das Herzstück 13 wird über Abstützstangen 8, welche Schubstützen 7 aufweisen, durch eine Bewegung der Abstützstangen 8 in Längsrichtung derselben umgestellt, wobei die Festlegung einer Position wiederum durch ein Zusammenwirken der im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange 8 verlaufenden Stützfläche 12 der Schubstütze 7 mit Schubstützen, 6 am Herzstück bewirkt wird. Bei einer Umstellung muß wiederum dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß zuerst die durch die Anlage der Stützfläche 12 an der Schubstütze 6 der Herzspitze 13 bedingte Verriegelung gelöst wird, bevor durch ein Zusammenwirken der Keilfläche 11 der auf der anderen Seite der Herzspitze 13 angeordneten Abstützstange 8 mit der entsprechenden Schubstütze 6 eine Umstellung der Herzspitze in die zweite, an einer Flügelschiene 2 anliegende Position erfolgt.2 shows a changeover device for a movable heart in the intersection area. The rigid wing rails are again designated 2 and the rigid connection rails 3. The centerpiece 13 is changed over support rods 8, which have thrust supports 7, by a movement of the support rods 8 in the longitudinal direction thereof, the determination of a position in turn by an interaction of the parallel to the Longitudinal direction of the support rod 8 extending support surface 12 of the thrust support 7 with thrust supports, 6 is effected on the centerpiece. In the case of a changeover, care must again be taken to ensure that the locking caused by the contact of the support surface 12 on the thrust support 6 of the cardiac tip 13 is released before the support rod 8 arranged on the other side of the cardiac tip 13 cooperates with the wedge surface 11 of the corresponding thrust support 6, the tip of the heart is switched to the second position resting on a wing rail 2.

In Fig.3 ist eine zur Fig.2 abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Herzspitze 14 dargestellt, welche in Schienenlängsrichtung verschieblich gelagert ist und über eine Feder 15, welche mit den Anschlußschienen 3 über eine Lagerung 16 in Verbindung steht, federnd in Anlage an jeweils eine starre Flügelschiene 2 gehalten ist. Die Umstellung dieses Herzstückes 14 erfolgt analog wie die Umstellung des Herzstückes der Fig.2 über Abstützstangen 8, welche Schubstützen 7 mit Keilflächen 11 und Stützflächen 12 aufweisen und welche in den Endstellungen jeweils eine sichere Festlegung der Herzspitze 14 über das Zusammenwirken der zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange 8 parallelen Stützfläche 12 mit an der Herzstückspitze 14 angeordneten Schubstützen ergibt.3 shows an embodiment of a cardiac tip 14 modified from FIG. 2, which is slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the rail and via a spring 15, which is connected to the connecting rails 3 via a bearing 16, resiliently in contact with a rigid wing rail 2 is held. The changeover of this frog 14 takes place analogously to the changeover of the frog of FIG. 2 via support rods 8, which have thrust supports 7 with wedge surfaces 11 and support surfaces 12 and which in the end positions each securely fix the heart tip 14 via the interaction of the longitudinal direction of the support rod 8 parallel support surface 12 with thrust supports arranged at the frog tip 14 results.

Anstelle der federnden Lagerung der Herzspitze 14 an den starren Anschlußschienen 3 kann auch eine federnde Lagerung der Herzspitze an den starren Flügelschienen 2 vorgesehen sein und über Umstellvorrichtungen mit Abstützstangen sowie Schubstützen mit Keilflächen und parallel zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstangen verlaufenden Stützflächen eine Umstellung und Verriegelung der Herzspitze in Anlage an die entsprechende Anschlußschiene vorgesehen sein.Instead of the resilient mounting of the cardiac tip 14 on the rigid connecting rails 3, a resilient mounting of the cardiac tip on the rigid wing rails 2 can also be provided and a changeover and locking of the cardiac tip in via changeover devices with support rods and thrust supports with wedge surfaces and support surfaces running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rods System to be provided on the corresponding connecting rail.

Bei der in Fig.4 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist ein starres Herzstück 17 vorgesehen, welches in der Draufsicht im wesentlichen in Form eines Parallelogramms ausgebildet ist, an welches bewegliche Flügelschienen 2 sowie bewegliche Anschlußschienen 3 anschließen. Für eine Umstellung der anliegenden Flügelschienen 2 bzw. der anliegenden Anschlußschienen 3 sind wiederum Abstützstangen 8 mit Schubstützen 7 vorgesehen, welche Keilflächen 11 sowie im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstangen verlaufende Abstützflächen 12 aufweisen, welche mit Schubstützen 6 der Schienen 2 bzw. 3 zusammenwirken. Damit gleichzeitig eine Umstellung von einander zugeordneten Flügelschienen und Anschlußschienen erfolgen kann, sind die Keilflächen zu beiden Seiten des Mittenbereiches der Herzstückes 17 zueinander entgegengesetzt gerichtet ausgebildet. Für eine Kopplung der Flügelschienen 2 bzw. der Anschlußschienen 3 sind Verbindungsstangen 18 vorgesehen, so daß durch die Umstellung einer Schiene zu einer Seite des Herzstückes durch die Mitnahme der damit gekoppelten Schiene ein Abheben der entsprechenden Schiene von der anderen Anlagefläche des Herzstückes erzielt wird.In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, a rigid heart 17 is provided, which in the plan view in is essentially designed in the form of a parallelogram to which movable wing rails 2 and movable connecting rails 3 connect. For a conversion of the adjacent wing rails 2 or the adjacent connecting rails 3, support rods 8 with thrust supports 7 are again provided, which have wedge surfaces 11 and support surfaces 12 which run essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rods and which cooperate with thrust supports 6 of the rails 2 and 3. So that a mutually assigned wing rails and connecting rails can be carried out at the same time, the wedge surfaces on both sides of the central region of the frog 17 are designed in opposite directions to one another. For a coupling of the wing rails 2 or the connecting rails 3, connecting rods 18 are provided, so that by moving a rail to one side of the frog by taking the coupled rail with it, the corresponding rail is lifted off the other contact surface of the frog.

Die Führung 10 der Abstützstangen kann dabei von Winkelprofilen gebildet werden, welche mit der gemeinsamen Grundplatte bzw. Wanne des Kreuzungsbereiches verbunden sind, wobei für eine Verminderung der Reibungskräfte während der Bewegung der Abstützstangen eine Rollenlagerung in diesen Führungen vorgesehen sein kann. Für eine Verminderung der Reibung der Schubstützen 6 der Schienen an den Keilflächen 11 bei der Umstellung können im Bereich der Anlagefläche der Schubstützen 6 beispielsweise Rollen vorgesehen sein, wobei weiters für ein leichtes Abrollen derartiger Rollen von einer geradlinig verlaufenden Keilfläche 11 abweichende Keilflächenverläufe gewählt werden können. Weiters können die Schubstützen 6 wenigstens über einen Teilbereich mit entsprechend zu den Keilflächen 11 ausgebildeter Neigung abgeschrägt ausgebildet sein, wodurch wiederum die Reibung bei der Umstellung herabgesetzt werden kann.The guide 10 of the support rods can be formed by angle profiles which are connected to the common base plate or trough of the intersection area, wherein a roller bearing can be provided in these guides to reduce the frictional forces during the movement of the support rods. To reduce the friction of the thrust supports 6 of the rails on the wedge surfaces 11 during the changeover, rollers can be provided, for example, in the area of the contact surface of the thrust supports 6, wedge surface profiles deviating from a straight wedge surface 11 can also be selected for easy rolling of such rollers. Furthermore, the thrust supports 6 can be designed at least over a partial area with an inclination corresponding to the wedge surfaces 11, which in turn can reduce the friction during the changeover.

In Fig.5 ist in gegenüber den vorangehenden Figuren in vergrößerter Darstellung mit 19 ein Teilbereich eines beweglichen Herzstückes bezeichnet, welches an einer Flügelschiene 20 anliegt. Mit der Herzspitze 19 ist eine Schubstütze 21 verbunden, in welcher Rollen 22 gelagert sind, welche mit Schubstützen 23 einer nur in Längsrichtung der Schiene beweglichen Abstützstange 24 zusammenwirken. Die Schubstützen 23 weisen wiederum geneigte Keilflächen 25 sowie im wesentlichen zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange 24 parallel verlaufende Stützflächen 26 auf. Bei der in Fig.5 dargestellten Stellung erfolgt die Verriegelung der Zungenschiene durch das Zusammenwirken der der Herzspitze 19 zugewandten Stützfläche 26 mit einer in der Ebene der entsprechenden Rolle 22 vorgesehenen Anschlagfläche 27. Für eine Öffnung bzw. ein Umschalten der Herzspitze erfolgt bei einer Bewegung der Abstützstange 24 in Richtung des Pfeiles 28 zuerst eine Entriegelung der aneinander anliegenden Flächen 26 und 27, woran anschließend die der Herzspitze 19 entferntere Rolle 22 mit der außenliegenden Keilfläche 25 in Eingriff gelangt und somit die Schiene bzw. die Herzspitze 19 von der Anlagestellung abzieht und in Anlage an die zweite starre Schiene 20 bringt. Bei einer derartigen Ausführungsform einer Doppelschubstützenanordnung kann eine Anordnung der Umstellvorrichtung zu beiden Seiten einer beweglichen Herzspitze entfallen, da über die beidseitig der Abstützstange 24 angeordneten Schubstützen 23 eine Umstellung und Verriegelung in beiden Anlagestellungen erfolgt.In FIG. 5, in comparison with the preceding figures, 19 is an enlarged illustration of a partial area of a movable heart which rests on a wing rail 20. A thrust support 21 is connected to the heart tip 19, in which rollers 22 are mounted, which cooperate with thrust supports 23 of a support rod 24 that can only be moved in the longitudinal direction of the rail. The thrust supports 23 in turn have inclined wedge surfaces 25 and support surfaces 26 running essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 24. In the position shown in FIG. 5, the tongue rail is locked by the interaction of the support surface 26 facing the cardiac tip 19 with a stop surface 27 provided in the plane of the corresponding roller 22. The cardiac tip is opened or switched when the cardiac tip is moved Support rod 24 in the direction of arrow 28 first unlocks the abutting surfaces 26 and 27, whereupon the roller 22, which is more distant from the heart tip 19, engages with the outer wedge surface 25 and thus pulls the splint or the heart tip 19 away from the contact position and into System to the second rigid rail 20 brings. In such an embodiment of a double thrust support arrangement, there is no need to arrange the changeover device on either side of a movable heart tip, since the thrust supports 23 arranged on both sides of the support rod 24 convert and lock in both contact positions.

Bei der Ausbildung gemäß Fig.6 ist die bewegliche Herzspitze 19 wiederum in Anlage an eine Flügelschiene 20 dargestellt und mit einer Schubstütze 29 verbunden. Die Schubstütze 29 weist Rollen 30 und 31 auf, welche in einem Fortsatz 32 der Schubstütze 29 gelagert sind und eine Leiste 33 umgreifen, welche mit einer mit der Abstützstange 24 verbundenen Schubstütze 34 verbunden ist. Die beispielsweise außerhalb der Ebene der Abstützstange 24 verlaufende Leiste 33 weist dabei eine erste Keilfläche 35, welche in eine erste zur Längsrichtung der Abstützstange 24 im wesentlichen parallel verlaufende Abstützfläche 36 übergeht und mit welcher die Rolle 30 zusammenwirkt, sowie eine zweite Keilfläche bzw. geneigte Fläche 37 auf, welche in eine zweite Stützfläche 38 übergeht. Bei einer Bewegung der Abstützstange 24 in Richtung des Pfeiles 28 für ein Öffnen bzw. Umschalten der beweglichen Herzspitze 19 gelangt zuerst die Rolle 30 außer Eingriff mit der Stützfläche 36, worauf durch ein Zusammenwirken der Rolle 31 mit der zweiten Keilfläche 37 der Leiste die Herzspitze 19 von der einen Schiene 20 abgehoben wird und in die Anlagestellung an die zweite Schiene gebracht wird. Zur Führung der Abstützstange 24 ist eine mit nicht näher dargestellten Schwellen verbundene Führung 39 angedeutet, welche Führungsrollen 40 für ein reibungsfreies Gleiten der Abstützstange 24 aufweist, wobei zur Verbesserung der Führung weitere Führungsrollen 41 angedeutet sind. Es kann wiederum mit einer einzigen derartigen Abstützstange zum Umschalten der Weiche das Auslangen gefunden werden, da auch bei der in Fig.6 gezeigten Ausführungsform durch die Ausbildung und Anordnung der Keilflächen und Stützflächen bei einer Verschiebung der Abstützstange sowohl eine Umstellbewegung als auch eine gleichzeitige Verriegelungsbewegung in der zweiten Endlage erzielt wird.6, the movable heart tip 19 is again shown in contact with a wing rail 20 and connected to a thrust support 29. The thrust support 29 has rollers 30 and 31 which are mounted in an extension 32 of the thrust support 29 and encompass a bar 33 which is connected to a thrust support 34 connected to the support rod 24. The strip 33, for example extending outside the plane of the support rod 24, has a first wedge surface 35 which merges into a first support surface 36 which runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rod 24 and with which the roller 30 interacts, and a second wedge surface or inclined surface 37 which merges into a second support surface 38. When the support rod 24 moves in the direction of the arrow 28 for opening or switching the movable heart tip 19, the roller 30 first comes out of engagement with the support surface 36, whereupon the heart tip 19 due to the interaction of the roller 31 with the second wedge surface 37 of the bar is lifted off one rail 20 and brought into the contact position on the second rail. To guide the support rod 24, a guide 39 is indicated which is connected to sleepers, not shown, which has guide rollers 40 for smooth sliding of the support rod 24, further guide rollers 41 being indicated to improve the guidance. It can be found again with a single support rod of this type for switching the switch, since even in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, due to the design and arrangement of the wedge surfaces and support surfaces when the support rod is displaced, both a changeover movement and a simultaneous locking movement in the second end position is achieved.

Anstelle der in den Fig.5 und 6 dargestellten, beweglichen Herzspitze 19 kann selbstverständlich auch ein schwenkbares bzw. bewegliches Schienenstück mit nur einer derartigen Doppelschubstützenanordnung umgestellt und in beiden Endpositionen verriegelt werden.Instead of the movable heart tip 19 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it is of course also possible to switch over a pivotable or movable rail piece with only one such double thrust support arrangement and to lock it in both end positions.

Claims (9)

  1. Changeover device for rails (1, 2, 3), swivellable about a swivelling axis, or movable frogs (13, 14, 19) in the intersection region of points, the swivellable rails (1, 2, 3) or movable frogs (13, 14, 19) being supported in the position in which they are in alignment or contact with wing rails or connection rails (2, 3, 20) by supporting rods (8, 24) extending in the longitudinal direction of the rails and guided on the sleepers or baseplates in a manner which allows rectilinear displacement in the longitudinal direction of the rails or frogs, the supporting rods (8, 24) being designed as on actuator for the changeover and having at least one pushing support (7, 23, 34), which interacts with pushing supports (6, 21, 29) of the swivellable rails or frog, at least one of the intertacting faces of the pushing supports of the rail or frog and/or the supporting rod being formed by a wedge face (11, 25, 35, 37), which merges into a supporting face (12, 26, 36, 38) essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod (8), which supporting face (12, 26, 36, 33) interacts with the pushing support (6, 21, 29) of the rail or frog in the respective position of alignment or position of contact.
  2. Changeover device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the movable rail in the intersection region is formed by a swivellably mounted rail section (1), the swivelling axis (4) of which, which is essentially normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail, is arranged between the free ends of the rail section, pushing supports (6, 7) for swivelling and securing the end position of the rail section being arranged on both sides of the swivelling axis (4) and of the rail section (1).
  3. Changeover device according to Claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of an intersection region formed by a rail section (1) swivellable about a swivelling axis (4), oppositely sloping oblique faces (11) of the pushing supports (6) are arranged on both sides of the swivelling axis.
  4. Changeover device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the frog tip (13) is mounted to swivel about an articulation pin.
  5. Changeover device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the frog tip (14) is mounted in a manner which allows displacement in the longitudinal direction of the rails and is held resiliently in contact with in each case one rigid wing rail (2) or connection rail (3), and in that the pushing supports (6, 7) for changing over the frog transversely to the line of action of the spring (15) hold that end of the frog tip (14) which is opposite to the resilient contact in contact with the respective connection rail or wing rail lying in the direction of travel.
  6. Changeover device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that pushing supports (23) are arranged on both sides of a supporting rod (24), their supporting faces (26), which are essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod, being arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod.
  7. Changeover device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pushing supports (34) connected to a supporting rod (24) have offset strips (33) which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the supporting rod and, whose flanks (35, 37) facing and facing away from the pushing support (34) each interact with at least one counter stop, in particular a roller (30, 31), of the pushing support (29) of the swivellable rail or movable frog (19).
  8. Changeover device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the pushing supports (7, 23, 34) engage on coupling members of mutually associated movable rails.
  9. Changeover device according to one of Claims 1, 6, 7 or 8, characterised in that connected to a fixed essentially parallelogram-shaped (in plan view) frog (17) are movable wing rails (2) and movable connection rails (3), of which those end faces which are adjacent to the frog are designed to run essentially parallel to the adjacent edge of the frog in the respective position of contact with the frog, it being possible to press one connection rail (3) and wing rail (2) via pushing supports (6, 7) alternately into contact with the frog so that the are in each case in alignment in the longitudinal direction, the other wing rail (2) and the connection rail (3) essentially in alignment with the latter being secured in the respective position by pushing supports (6, 7) while maintaining a predetermined spacing for the passage of the wheel rim.
EP88890267A 1987-11-05 1988-10-28 Switching apparatus for rocking rails or movable frogs in the crossing region of a point Expired - Lifetime EP0315619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0293187A AT391500B (en) 1987-11-05 1987-11-05 CONVERSION DEVICE FOR MOVING PARTS OF A RAIL SWITCH
AT2931/87 1987-11-05
AT2275/88 1988-09-16
AT227588 1988-09-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315619A2 EP0315619A2 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0315619A3 EP0315619A3 (en) 1990-02-07
EP0315619B1 true EP0315619B1 (en) 1992-09-23

Family

ID=25598102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88890267A Expired - Lifetime EP0315619B1 (en) 1987-11-05 1988-10-28 Switching apparatus for rocking rails or movable frogs in the crossing region of a point

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4917339A (en)
EP (1) EP0315619B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE80917T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3874858D1 (en)
DK (1) DK167669B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2035371T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3005994T3 (en)
IN (1) IN170036B (en)
NO (1) NO173252C (en)
PL (1) PL159273B1 (en)
YU (1) YU47828B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5354018A (en) * 1991-06-24 1994-10-11 Snead Edwin Des Railway frog system
ES2080642B1 (en) * 1993-01-07 1998-02-16 San Segundo Serrano Eugenio FORWARDING WITH BLOCKS TO DIVERT MOBILE MATERIAL FROM ONE ROAD TO ANOTHER ON RAILWAYS.
KR100776266B1 (en) 2006-11-29 2007-11-13 삼표이앤씨 주식회사 Nose movable crossing for turnout
CN103938501B (en) * 2014-04-08 2016-03-02 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 A kind of rail of marking is nested with the combining device of meter-gage and transition method of transferring

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR341986A (en) * 1903-07-21 1904-08-24 Richard St George St George Mo Improvements in the switches of railways and all railways
CH33863A (en) * 1905-03-27 1906-01-31 Soc D Etablissements Elwell Crossing of tracks with articulated heart point
US1049236A (en) * 1911-03-30 1912-12-31 James Holdsworth Switch.
FR472368A (en) * 1914-05-19 1914-12-03 Luc B Comeau Crossing system for railways
US1269444A (en) * 1917-10-20 1918-06-11 Newton Hollingshed Switch.
DE328488C (en) * 1919-03-14 1920-10-28 Alfred Loeblich Alarm lock
US1569141A (en) * 1924-07-29 1926-01-12 Rife William Harison Swinging-rail switch frog
US1827158A (en) * 1929-08-05 1931-10-13 Wilber E Mceldowney Swing-rail switch
DE1158538B (en) * 1960-08-16 1963-12-05 Krug & Co Heinrich Tongue switch, in which the tongues are mounted adjustable in the vertical direction
DE2164924C3 (en) * 1971-12-28 1979-01-04 Elektro Thermit Gmbh Heart piece, in which filler pieces are arranged between the frog point and the wing rails, which can be mechanically closed in the end position
AT295577B (en) * 1969-07-02 1972-01-10 Elektro Thermit Gmbh Switch or crossing with a rigid centerpiece and rigid wing rails
DE2534384C2 (en) * 1975-08-01 1984-12-20 K. Arnold GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Track crossing for electric toy and model railroad systems
AU566594B2 (en) * 1983-06-29 1987-10-22 Osredecki, V. Switch for a railway turnout or crossing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK167669B1 (en) 1993-12-06
ATE80917T1 (en) 1992-10-15
NO173252C (en) 1993-11-17
EP0315619A3 (en) 1990-02-07
NO884938D0 (en) 1988-11-04
ES2035371T3 (en) 1993-04-16
US4917339A (en) 1990-04-17
NO173252B (en) 1993-08-09
EP0315619A2 (en) 1989-05-10
PL275620A1 (en) 1989-07-10
YU202288A (en) 1991-06-30
GR3005994T3 (en) 1993-06-07
PL159273B1 (en) 1992-12-31
IN170036B (en) 1992-02-01
DK617888D0 (en) 1988-11-04
DE3874858D1 (en) 1992-10-29
DK617888A (en) 1989-05-06
NO884938L (en) 1989-05-08
YU47828B (en) 1996-01-09

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