EP1385764B1 - Device for loading and/or unloading a freight transport compartment - Google Patents

Description

The invention is based on a device for loading and / or unloading a transport loading space according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are generic devices for loading and unloading of cargo holds of commercial vehicles with conveyor belts known. The devices have a first conveyor belt installed in a cargo area and a second conveyor belt installed in the cargo bay. For loading a transport loading space, several goods units to be transported are placed on the conveyor belt installed in the loading area. Subsequently, the conveyor belts are driven synchronously in the loading area and in the transport loading space and the goods units are conveyed into the transport loading space.

Furthermore, it is known to load a transport loading space sequentially each with individual or a few goods units with pallet truck. Here, the truck takes a goods unit from a commodity delivery, moves with the goods unit forward in the cargo bay, turns off the goods unit, moves backwards out of the cargo bay and takes a further goods unit for transport in the cargo bay, and often until the Transport cargo space is loaded in the desired manner.

From US-A-50 54 987 a device for loading or unloading a loading space, such as the interior of a goods trailer, is known. A transport device is arranged horizontally displaceable on a normal surface of an ordinary loading / unloading ramp. During the loading process goods units are arranged on the transport device. By switching on a power source, the transport device is moved into the hold of a trailer. When the goods are completely inside the trailer, goods retention means are activated which hold the goods in the trailer, the power source being reversed in its direction of rotation, thereby retracting the transport unit. The goods thus slide or slip from the transport unit on the floor of the trailer. Loading the Transport device is done by hand, with forklifts, a crane or a conveyor unit.

From US-A-39 52 987 a further loading and unloading device is known, which consists of a base device which is fixed to a loading dock, and an extendable device which moves on a base device. On the top of the extendable device rollers are mounted on which rests the estate. With the aid of a drive device, the extendable device is introduced into a vehicle. After inserting the extendable device with the cargo a load retainer is pivoted so that it retains the goods when pulling out the extendable device from the vehicle. For unloading this process is reversed. The arranged at the top of the extendable device rollers are not driven.

From GB-A-506 236 a device for loading and unloading of goods is known. A loading and unloading bar has a conveyor belt between two end rollers. To pick up goods on the loading and unloading beams, the goods are positioned on a carpet or other flexible material. To load the loading and unloading the conveyor belt is moved accordingly and pushed by means of a trolley of loading and unloading in the direction of goods. The tram moves on a frame. To unload the loading and unloading bar is moved to the other end on a vehicle and stored by a corresponding movement of the conveyor belt, the goods on the vehicle.

Finally, from DE-A-36 08 206 a device for loading containers with pallets known. A traversing unit consists of a support frame, which is assigned a drive unit and a control unit for, for example, a pallet transport element designed as a link chain. Bodenseitig the support frame rollers and / or wheels. The rollers and / or wheels on the track serve to move the track horizontally.

The object of the invention is in particular to provide a cost-effective, flexible and efficient generic device. The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a device for loading and / or unloading a transport loading space, in particular a commercial vehicle, with at least one conveyor unit installed in a loading area, via which in particular a plurality of goods units can be conveyed simultaneously.

It is proposed that the conveying unit has at least one means which can be introduced into the transport loading space and forms a storage area for the goods units. The cargo hold can be completely loaded and / or unloaded in a few, preferably in one operation in a short time with a large number of goods units. Waiting times at loading areas can be reduced and the degree of utilization of commercial vehicles can be increased and, in particular, cost-intensive retooling of transport loading spaces with additional special devices can be avoided. Furthermore, an advantageous loading and / or unloading of numerous different standard cargo holds and thus a particularly flexible use can be achieved. The device according to the invention can be used in various fields of application that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art, for example loading and unloading of rail containers, shipping containers, etc., but especially loading and unloading of commercial vehicle transport cargo spaces, which are often loaded only in their longitudinal direction can.

The means may have various designs that appear appropriate to the person skilled in the art, for example the means may be formed by a movable carrier plate, movable plate segments or lamellae and / or rails, etc. If the means in the loading area at least partially and advantageously completely retractable, can be advantageously mounted on this when parking units of goods, for example with pallet trucks.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that support rollers are mounted on the means, via which the means can be supported in particular in the transport cargo space. On the means acting large moments due to long lever arms can be avoided and it can be a cost-effective design, in particular storage of the agent can be achieved.

The goods units can be pushed or lifted by the means introduced into the transport loading space. Particularly advantageously, however, the means has at least one conveying means which can be driven by means of a drive unit, for example one or more conveyor belts, via which the goods units can be conveyed from the means into the transport loading space. If the conveying means can be driven by the drive unit in the direction of the transport loading space at a higher speed than the means in the transport loading space opposite direction, a complete loading of the transport cargo space can be achieved in the loading direction.

In order to save components, installation space, assembly costs and costs, the drive unit of the conveying means may advantageously be designed in one piece with a drive unit of the means. The conveying means and the means can be driven via a gear unit in different directions and speeds.

If the means can be raised by means of a lifting unit, the means can be run over in a lowered state for loading with goods units and then the goods units can be lifted off an adjacent ground so that a particularly narrow design of the means is achieved and yet friction between the goods units and an adjacent one Underground can be avoided. Furthermore, in particular advantageously transverse to the loading / unloading instead of a platform individual spaced, in particular retractable plate segments can be used, which can be made against a closed platform with a low weight and with a low cost of materials. Furthermore, different numbers of plate segments can be used for loading and / or unloading to adapt to different boundary conditions, such as in particular different widths and / or in a transverse load on different length transport cargo spaces.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the conveyor unit has at least one retaining means, which is movable in a movement of the agent from the transport cargo space against the direction of movement of the agent in front of the goods units. The goods units can be easily removed from the center when removing the agent from the cargo compartment. If at least two means are arranged transversely to the loading / unloading direction, retaining means can advantageously be arranged between the means. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to guide retaining means laterally or from above in front of the goods units.

If the means is arranged next to a railroad track and can be moved essentially transversely to the railroad track and is in particular drivable, it is advantageous to load railroad containers already standing on the railway tracks quickly and effectively.

If the means possesses, in addition to a first degree of freedom of movement, at least one second degree of freedom of movement, the apparatus can be adapted flexibly to a position of the transport loading space and / or to a position of the goods units provided. The means may be designed to be pivotable about one or more axes and to be translationally movable in one or more directions. It is also possible to store the agent floating, so that this can automatically adapt to a position of the transport cargo space and / or provided goods units.

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

eine schematisch dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bei einem Beladevorgang vor dem Einfahren einer Trägerplattform in einen Transportladeraum,

Fig. 2

die Vorrichtung aus Fig. 1 bei angehobener Trägerplattform,

Fig. 3

die Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2 bei eingefahrener Trägerplattform,

Fig. 4

die Vorrichtung aus Fig. 3 beim Entladen der Trägerplattform,

Fig. 5

einen Ausschnitt der Trägerplattform der Vorrichtung aus den Fig. 1 bis 4,

Fig. 6

einen Ausschnitt der Trägerplattform aus den Fig. 1 bis 4 mit Wareneinheiten von oben,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer zu Fig. 1 alternativen Vorrichtung mit Bodenlamellen zum Beladen von Bahncontainern von oben,

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 7 bei eingefahrenen Bodenlamellen und mit Wareneinheiten und

Fig. 9

die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8 beim Entladen der Bodenlamellen und ausgefahrenen Rückhaltemittel.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematically illustrated device according to the invention during a loading operation before the retraction of a carrier platform into a transport loading space,

Fig. 2

the device of FIG. 1 with the carrier platform raised,

Fig. 3

the device of Fig. 2 with retracted carrier platform,

Fig. 4

FIG. 3 shows the device of FIG. 3 unloading the carrier platform, FIG.

Fig. 5

1 a section of the support platform of the device from FIGS. 1 to 4,

Fig. 6

a detail of the carrier platform of FIGS. 1 to 4 with goods units from above,

Fig. 7

1 is a schematic representation of an alternative to FIG. 1 device with bottom blades for loading railway containers from above,

Fig. 8

a section along the line VIII-VIII in Figure 7 in retracted bottom plates and with goods units and

Fig. 9

the apparatus of FIG. 8 during unloading of the bottom blades and extended retaining means.

Fig. 1 shows a schematically illustrated device for loading and unloading of transport loading spaces 10, namely of commercial vehicles 33. The device has a conveyor unit 12 installed in a loading unit 13 through which a plurality of goods units 15 are simultaneously conveyed from the loading area in the transport cargo space 10.

The conveying unit 13 has a carrier platform 18 which can be inserted into the transport loading space 10 and has an integrated conveyor belt 21 that can be driven by an electric drive unit 22 (FIGS. 5 and 6), which forms a parking space 16 for the goods units 15. The approximately 2.2 m wide and about 12 m long support platform 18 is retractable in the loading area 12 in a recess 27 and forms with a bottom of the loading area 12 in the retracted state, a plane so that on the support platform 18 when parking the goods units 15th can be advantageously raised.

On the support platform 18 34 support rollers 20 are mounted on an integrated hydraulic lifting unit. Instead of a lifting unit 34 integrated in the carrier platform 18, a lifting unit could also be integrated in the loading area 12. If the carrier platform 18 is loaded with the goods units 15, the carrier platform 18 and the goods units 15 parked thereon are lifted above the lifting unit 34 and the support rollers 20 (FIG. 2). Subsequently, the carrier platform 18, driven by the electric drive unit 22, is moved via the support rollers 20 into the transport loading space 10 (FIG. 3).

In order to achieve as smooth a transition between the support platform 18 and a bottom of the transport cargo space 10, after the support platform 18 is retracted into the cargo compartment 10, a pivotally mounted end piece 29 of a wedge-shaped portion 28 which forms a free end of the support platform 18, pivoted in the direction of the bottom of the transport loading space 10 (FIG. 6). Subsequently, the conveyor belt 21 is driven by means of the drive unit 22 and at the same time the carrier platform 18 is moved out of the transport loading space 10 (FIGS. 4 and 5), specifically the conveyor belt 21 is driven via the drive unit 22 at a slightly higher speed in the direction of the transport loading space 10 than the conveyor belt Carrier platform 18 from the transport cargo space 10. In order to achieve the different speed amounts of the conveyor belt 21 and the carrier platform 18, these are connected via a gear unit, not shown, with the drive unit 22. The goods units 15 are connected to the conveyor belt 21 of the support platform 18 via the wedge-shaped portion 28 and the end piece 29 of Carrier platform 18 is conveyed into the transport cargo space 10 and thereby positioned in the longitudinal direction of the transport cargo space 10 due to the different speed amounts of the conveyor belt 21 and the carrier platform.

In a non-illustrated unloading a transport loading space 10, the support platform 18 is pushed into the transport cargo space 10 with the downwardly pivoted end piece 29 under the goods units 15, and the goods units 15 are pulled over the conveyor belt 21 on the support platform 18.

FIGS. 7 to 9 show an alternative device for loading and unloading transport loading spaces 11 in track container 32. Substantially identical components are basically numbered with the same reference numerals. Furthermore, reference can be made to the description of the embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 6 with respect to the same features and functions. The following description is essentially limited to the differences from the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 6.

The device has in a loading area 12 of a platform next to a railway track 26 transverse to the loading / unloading direction 23 ten juxtaposed bottom plates 19, which are mounted drivable transversely to the track 26 and form a footprint 17 for goods to be transported units 15. The individual floor slats 19 are recessed in recesses 31 in the loading area 12 and executed in accordance with the support platform 18 of the embodiment in Figs. 1 to 6 via support rollers 20 and a lifting unit 34 liftable.

Are the bottom plates 19 with goods units 15 transversely to the train tracks 26 retracted into the transport cargo space 11, are arranged between the bottom plates 19 on a direction of track container 32 facing wall of the platform arranged retaining means 24 hydraulically vertically upwards, so that they counter to a direction of movement 25 of Bottom lamellae 19 come to rest from the transport cargo space 11 in front of the goods units 15 (FIG. 9). The floor slats 19 can then be moved out of the transport loading space 11 of the track container 32 and the goods units 15 can be stripped off via the retaining means 24 from the floor slats 19 and positioned in the transport loading space 11. In order to achieve a low sliding friction between the bottom plate 19 and the goods units 15 during stripping, the footprint 17 of the bottom plate 19 treated accordingly, and that is coated with a special, a sliding layer forming plastic. Instead of a sliding layer in principle rolling elements can be used.

reference numeral

10

Transport cargo space

11

Transport cargo space

12

loading area

13

delivery unit

14

delivery unit

15

goods unit

16

footprint

17

footprint

18

medium

19

medium

20

supporting role

21

funding

22

drive unit

23

The loading / unloading

24

Retention means

25

movement direction

26

Railroad track

27

recess

28

Area

29

tail

30

axis

31

recess

32

rail containers

33

commercial vehicle

34

lifting unit

Claims (9)

1. Device for loading and/or unloading a transport load compartment (10, 11), with at least one conveyor unit (13, 14), which is installed in a loading area (12) and by way of which, in particular, several freight units (15) can be simultaneously conveyed, wherein the conveyor unit (13, 14) comprises at least one means (18, 19) introducible into the transport load compartment (10, 11) and at least one conveyor means (21) drivable by way of a drive unit (22) is arranged at the means (18) and the conveyor means (21) forms a horizontal deposit surface (16) for the freight units (15), characterised in that the means (18, 19) is drivable by an electric drive unit, particularly by means of support rollers (20) in a direction opposite to the conveyor means (21) so as to enable loading and/or unloading of the freight units.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the means (18, 19) is at least partly recessed in the loading area (12).
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that support rollers (20), by way of which the means (18, 19) can be supported, are mounted at the means (18, 19).
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conveyor means (21) is drivable by way of the drive unit (22) at a higher speed in the direction of the transport load compartment (10) than the means (18) in the direction away from the transport load compartment (10).
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive unit (22) of the conveyor means (21) is constructed integrally with a drive unit of the means (18).
6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the means (18, 19) is raisable by way of a lifting unit (34).
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two means (19) are arranged transversely to the loading/unloading direction (23).
8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conveyor unit (14) comprises at least one retaining means (24) movable in front of the freight units (15), when the means (19) is moved out of the transport load compartment (11), against the movement direction (25) of the means (19).
9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the means (19) is arranged near a rail track (26) and mounted to be movable substantially transversely to the rail track (26).

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