EP1384954A2 - Cascaded arrangment for a heating installation with two or more boilers - Google Patents

Abstract

The cascade unit (1) for a heater has a hydraulic arm (5) which on one side moves toward or away from the heating kettle and on the other side is connected to at least one heating inlet (55) and heating system return (56). The cascade unit has a horizontally running chamber collector (3) and distributor (4) which is fixably connected to the hydraulic arm and connecting supports (33,44,33',44') in the form of short, horizontal pipes.

Description

The present invention relates to a cascade unit for a heating system with two or more boilers, in particular with hanging mounted condensing boilers, with a hydraulic switch, on the one hand with the headers and returns of all boilers and on the other hand with at least one heating circuit flow and heating circuit return each is connected, wherein the cascade unit continues one each substantially horizontally extending boiler flow collector and boiler return manifold comprises the collector and the distributor being immediately above each other arranged and fixed with the hydraulic switch are connected and with this the prefabricated, one Transportable construction and assembly unit representing cascade unit form, and where the collector and the distributor each with prepared, for a group of two or more boilers adapted placed connecting piece for connecting the boiler feeders and the boiler returns are executed.

A cascade unit of the type mentioned is out DE-U 299 14 303 as part of a cascade heating system known. In the known cascade unit is provided that the connecting piece in the form of facing upwards Straight pipe sections and / or in the form of first horizontally, preferably to the rear, and then are executed upwardly extending pipe bends. The Version with the connecting pieces facing straight up has proven to be less suitable in practice, because it is convenient to the collector and the distributor as well the hydraulic switch that together the cascade unit form, at a sufficient distance from one Wall of a boiler room to arrange the boiler Usually mounted hanging. This distance is required to access also the back of the cascade unit to have work there. In practice, therefore, essentially only the Version of the known cascade unit used in the the connecting pieces in the form of initially horizontal and then run upwards pipe bends. A disadvantage has in this known cascade unit that they are due in the form of Elbows executed connecting piece a relatively large Width or depth has what storage and transportation the cascade unit difficult. In particular, it becomes relative much storage and transport space needed. Here is the "Bulkiness" of the cascade unit essentially by caused the far protruding pipe socket. Also subject this protruding pipe socket especially when Transport the danger that they are caused by external influences bent and damaged. This will at least subsequent straightening work required; in the worst case, there may even be leaks at the terminal the pipe sockets come to the collector or distributor, which also requires additional welding work Restoration of tightness will be required. Another disadvantage is seen in that in the known Cascade unit two different versions must be made if optional hydraulic Soft left or right of collector and distributor positioned shall be. This represents a high production and storage costs and causes a Risk of wrong order by customer or wrong delivery by the manufacturer.

Therefore, for the present invention, the Task, a cascade unit of the type mentioned to create that avoids the disadvantages set out and in particular, a reduced production and assembly costs be achieved during storage and transport Simplified, the less prone to damage their transport is and the more flexible creation the heating system allowed.

• daß die Anschlußstutzen in Form von kurzen, horizontal verlaufenden geraden Rohrabschnitten ausgeführt sind,
• daß die Anschlußstutzen jeweils abwechselnd vorderseitig und rückseitig am Sammler und am Verteiler angeordnet sind und
• daß an jedem Anschlußstutzen entweder ein in Richtung zum jeweiligen Heizkessel laufender Rohrbogen oder ein Blindstopfen anbringbar ist.

The solution of the problem is achieved according to the invention with a cascade unit of the type mentioned, which is characterized

• that the connecting pieces are designed in the form of short, horizontally extending straight pipe sections,
• that the connecting pieces are arranged alternately on the front side and the rear side of the collector and on the distributor and
• that at each connection piece either a running in the direction of the respective boiler pipe bend or a blind plug is attached.

Advantageously, the cascade unit according to the invention has Comparison to the cascade unit known from the prior art a much more compact design, in particular a much smaller depth, now on the far-reaching pipe bends as parts of the prefabricated Cascade unit is omitted. That's why to store the cascade unit much more space-saving and to transport. In addition, the short pipe sockets much less sensitive to possible Bending or damage during storage and Transport. Another significant advantage of the invention Cascade unit is that through the alternately front and back arrangement of the Connecting piece only one version of the cascade unit must be made, which then optionally with a left or right positioned hydraulic switch in one Heating system can be installed. To change the positioning the hydraulic switch must only the Cascade unit rotated by 180 ° about its vertical axis become; other changes are not necessary. This will be a significant rationalization in the production of Cascade unit achieved, as it is at the cascade unit The prior art required two different ones Designs for an arrangement of hydraulic Turnout on the left and for an arrangement of hydraulic Make a turnout on the right side. One Another advantage that is achieved hereby is that that be fixed on site at the site can, whether the hydraulic switch right or left of Collector and distributor to be positioned; this is allowed greater flexibility in the creation of the Heating system and avoids wrong orders or Wrong deliveries and thereby caused time delays. The required pipe bends, over which the short connecting piece with the associated boilers too are simply as loose parts in the needed Number supplied and on site at the construction site connected to the required connection piece. The connecting pieces, each of which will not be needed simply closed with suitable blind plugs.

In a further embodiment of the invention is provided that the connection piece with flat-sealing connection nipples are formed. In particular, with this design achieved that the connections between the boilers on the one hand and collectors and distributors on the other can be made in a simple way, as a nesting of pipe pieces with the need temporary distances between the parts of the system to be connected to enlarge, deleted.

To manufacture collectors and distributors as simply as possible can and at the same time have a high intrinsic stability are preferred, the collector and the distributor as superposed rectangular tubes, preferably with a common middle wall, executed. If a common Middle wall is used, also becomes one material-saving construction achieved. For production of Collector and distributor can then use a rectangular tube with a parallel aligned U-profile welded longitudinally which makes the desired two superimposed Rectangular tubes are realized.

Next, the invention proposes that the collector above and the distributor is down and that collector and distributor at its one front end with the substantially vertical aligned hydraulic switch near the bottom End mechanically firmly connected. The hydraulic Soft can usually because of their height not be placed below the boiler. Therefore is the proposed connection between collector and Distributor on the one hand and hydraulic switch on the other particularly useful, since in this case the hydraulic Switch positioned to the left or right of the boiler row becomes. Since the heated flow heating water from the Boilers in the upper area of the hydraulic switch must be routed and because the cooled return heating water in the lower part of the hydraulic switch The arrangement of the collector is above and distributor under this particularly expedient, since then on the shortest possible ways the required heating water is achievable.

In a concrete development of the last described Design of the heating system is provided that the Collector at or near his soft end over one fixed connection line with the upper area of the hydraulic switch is in fluid communication and that the distributor at its soft end over a Opening in the facing wall of the hydraulic Soft with its lower area in the immediate Flow connection is. It will be advantageous for the Flow connection from the hydraulic switch to the distributor no special line needed.

The fixed connection line from the collector to the upper area The hydraulic diverter can be a freestanding Be pipeline; but it is preferred as integrated Part of the hydraulic switch executed, which a particularly compact design and a tidy appearance be achieved.

In concrete embodiment, the connection line by a side of the switch facing the collector tightly connected, preferably welded, rectangular tube or U-profile whose heart is down through an opening with the collector and above over one further opening with the upper area of the hydraulic Switch is in fluid communication. The connection line is so with minimal material and installation costs realized.

To facilitate and with the least possible effort Connected adaptation to different predetermined To enable spatial conditions are appropriate between the pipe bends on the one hand and the supply and return flows the boiler on the other hand for distance compensation, in particular for height compensation, straight pipe sections, preferably with cutting ring fittings at their ends, insertable.

If an exact pre-planning is possible, is alternative preferably provided that in each case the pipe bends with this connecting with the supply and return of the boiler Straight pipe sections designed as one-piece pipe elements are.

In order to use one-piece pipe elements even then, if even dimensional tolerances or changes are taken into account and must be balanced, it is provided that the pipe elements made flexible and / or length variable are.

A concrete version of the pipe elements with the desired Flexibility and / or length variability exists e.g. in that they are designed as corrugated pipes are.

Depending on the spatial conditions in a boiler room Different boiler arrangements can make sense be. A first embodiment of the cascade unit sees for side by side side by side arranged boilers before that the pipe bends all on the back or all on the front of collector and distributor attachable are. The boiler infeeds and returns are then essentially arranged in a common vertical plane.

An alternative embodiment of the cascade unit looks for one or more pairs arranged from back to back Heizkesseln before that the pipe bends both on the back as well as on the front of collectors and distributors are attachable. The boiler runs and returns are then in two horizontally spaced apart arranged in vertical planes. This arrangement is particularly compact and can be independent of a wall surface be housed freely within a room. The boilers are then e.g. standing on the ground and / or ceiling-mounted girders. In order to offers this embodiment of the cascade unit according to the invention also possible solutions for special difficult spatial conditions in the boiler room.

To avoid energy loss due to heat radiation and also to avoid noise emission According to the invention proposed that the cascade unit and the pipe bends and straight pipe sections with a prefabricated, multipart and shape adapted insulating shell can be isolated against heat losses. It works the insulation shell may be one at the same time disturbing noise emission due to the water flow in the cascade unit.

To further simplify the assembly of the cascade unit and to accelerate, it is suggested that they be with floor mounted feet and / or with at one Wall or ceiling attachable straps is equipped.

To especially on-site relatively often occurring Maßund To compensate for positional deviations as simply as possible can, are the feet and / or straps appropriate and / or adjustable in length.

Figur 1

eine erste Kaskadeneinheit in schematischer Ansicht auf ihre Vorderseite,

Figur 2

die Kaskadeneinheit aus Figur 1 in schematischer Ansicht auf ihre rechte Seite gemäß dem Pfeil II in Figur 1,

Figur 3

die Kaskadeneinheit aus Figur 1 in schematischer Ansicht auf ihre Rückseite und

Figur 4

die Kaskadeneinheit in einer zweiten Ausführung zusammen mit einem von mehreren Heizkesseln in schematischer Ansicht auf ihre linke Seite.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained below with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a first cascade unit in a schematic view of its front side,

FIG. 2

the cascade unit of Figure 1 in a schematic view on its right side according to the arrow II in Figure 1,

FIG. 3

the cascade unit of Figure 1 in a schematic view of its back and

FIG. 4

the cascade unit in a second embodiment together with one of several boilers in a schematic view on their left side.

Figure 1 of the drawing shows a first example of a Cascade unit 1 for a heating system with a to four boilers. The boilers, not shown here are, are e.g. next to each other and / or back Hanging hanging over the cascade unit 1 attached. Everyone Boiler indicates the heating medium, usually Water, a supply and a return on each to be connected to the cascade unit 1.

The cascade unit 1 each comprises a boiler flow collector 3 and a boiler return manifold 4. This are summarized as a unit and each in the form of a Rectangular tube executed, with the two rectangular tubes lie directly on each other and in the horizontal direction run. With the overhead collector 3 are on the here facing the viewer front and on the back facing away from the viewer each two connecting pieces 33, 33 'in the form of short rectilinear, horizontally extending pipe sections tightly connected, appropriately welded. In the same way are at the Front and back of the immediately below the manifold distributor 4 each two connecting pieces 44, 44 'connected, also as a short rectilinear, running horizontally extending pipe sections are. This results in the horizontal direction both front and back alternate Arrangement of flow and return connection pieces 33 and 44 and 33 'and 44', respectively.

With interposition of one not shown here, initially loosely supplied pipe elbows can each according to the number and arrangement of the boiler required connection piece 33 and / or 33 'with the Runs and the connecting piece 44 and / or 44 'with the Returning the boiler to be connected.

Furthermore, the cascade unit 1 comprises a hydraulic Turnout 5, which in the view of Figure 1 on the right Side of the cascade unit 1 is arranged. The hydraulic Switch 5 has a vertically extending Housing 50, which in its lower part mechanically fixed with the assembly of collector 3 and distributor 4 is connected, preferably welded. From the right end of the collector 3 performs an integrated Connecting line 35 in the upper region of the Housing 50 of the hydraulic switch. The connection line 35 is below an opening 53 with the Interior of the collector 3 and above an opening 53 'with the interior of the switch 5 in fluid communication.

The distributor 4 opens through an opening 54 in the Wall of the housing 50 of the hydraulic switch 5 directly in the lower area. At her in the figure 1 right side has the hydraulic switch 5 above a heating circuit feed connection 55 and below one Heating circuit return connection 56, which is for connection to a or serve several heating circuits with heat consumers.

Furthermore, in the unit 1 according to Figure 1 in the interior the housing 50 of the switch 5 in the upper part at a distance provided by the opening 53 'a baffle 57, which is designed as a perforated plate or grid and which cause a reduction in the flow velocity should.

The collector 3 and the manifold 4 with their connection piece 33, 33 ', 44, 44', the hydraulic switch 5 and the integrated pipeline 35 are to a prefabricated portable construction and assembly unit combined, which allows a rational production. For installation the cascade unit 1 are at the distributor 4 on the underside two feet 11 attached to the floor of a boiler room can be set up and the weight of the unit 1 take up.

On the far left of the collector 3, a drainage nozzle 32 can be seen, the demand for draining the heating water from the collector 3 is used and normally closed is. At the hydraulic switch 5 sits at the top a nozzle 51, for example, a temperature sensor and / or receives a vent valve. At the bottom the hydraulic switch 5 is a further nozzle 52 provided, which also closed in normal operation is and the on-demand sludge removal and emptying the switch 5 is used.

In the operation of a cascade heating system depending on current heat demand one or more boilers operated, preferably the boilers also are still designed with modulatable burner systems, so that the performance of each boiler still can be changed. This is a large spectrum Heating power requirement very economical coverable what a cost-effective and environmentally friendly heating operation guaranteed. At the same time is the installation the heating system using the prefabricated Cascade unit 1 advantageous simple.

FIG. 2 of the drawing shows the cascade unit 1 from FIG 1 in a side view from the right according to the arrow II in Figure 1. Visible here is essentially only the hydraulic separator 5 with the heating circuit supply connection arranged above 55 and arranged below the heating circuit return connection 56. At the hydraulic switch 5 sits at the top of the face of the nozzle 51 and at the bottom of the hydraulic switch 5 is the other Neck 52 visible.

The collector 3 and the distributor 4 are with the exception of connected to them connecting piece 33, 33 ', 44 and 44' covered by the hydraulic switch 5. As Figure 2 clearly shows is in the illustrated embodiment the cascade unit 1, the hydraulic switch 5 with a width or depth measure executed, the one of the collector 3 and the distributor 4 corresponds. Also As a result, the production of the unit 1 is simple and kept low cost.

At the bottom of Figure 2, one of the feet 11 is visible, with the unit 1 are supported on a boiler room floor can.

FIG. 3 of the drawing shows the cascade unit 1 from FIG 1 now in view of their pointing back in Figure 1 Back. Consequently, in Figure 3 now the hydraulic Switch 5 to the left of the assembly from collector 3 and distributor 4. The lying in Figure 1 on the front Connecting pieces 33, 44 are now on the in FIG 3 rear facing side of collector 3 and distributor 4; the pointing back in Figure 1 connecting piece 33 ', 44' are accordingly on the in Figure 3 the viewer facing side of collector 3 and distributor 4th

Like a comparative look at the figures 1 and 3 shows lie in both orientations of the cascade unit 1, which are shown in Figures 1 and 3, respectively Pairs of connecting pieces 33, 44 and 33 ', 44' so next to each other, that at the respectively facing away from the viewer Side always left the return connection and right of the Flow connection is. This can be in both orientations the cascade unit 1, the heats and returns of a Boiler or an arrangement of several boilers easily and according to standards with the associated connection piece 33, 44 and 33 ', 44' are connected without unwanted Pipe crossings become necessary. The cascade unit 1 can thus be both in an orientation with right arranged hydraulic switch 5 and in one Alignment with left hydraulic switch 5 use without any changes to the cascade unit. 1 required are. Thus, if necessary, still locally be decided on the construction site, in which orientation the cascade unit 1 expediently in the heating system is installed.

With regard to the further visible in Figure 3 details and reference numbers will be to the description of Figures 1 and 2 referenced.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the cascade unit 1, now together with one of several boilers 2, the are connected to the cascade unit 1. It is in FIG. 4 shows the viewing direction of the representation in such a way that that they on the left side of the cascade unit. 1 falls.

In the lower part of FIG. 4, the boiler feed collector is also shown here 3 and immediately below the boiler return manifold. 4 visible, noticeable. The collector 3 and the distributor 4 are also here each formed by a rectangular tube, which is horizontal run and mounted on each other. To the the observer facing the front end of the collector 3 is the drain port 32 visible.

In the background lies in Figure 4, the hydraulic switch 5, which faces away from the viewer with the front ends of Collector 3 and distributor 4 to the pre-assembled cascade unit 1 is connected. Structure and function of the hydraulic Switch 5 according to Figure 4 correspond to the hydraulic Turnout 5 according to the previously explained Figures 1 to Third

At the front, in Figure 4 so right, as well the back, in Figure 4 left, from 3 collector and distributor 4 are each connecting piece 33, 33 'and 44, 44' appropriate. These connecting pieces 33, 33 ', 44, 44' have here too the shape of short, straight pipe socket with a connection end.

In the example shown in FIG Rear side of collector 3 and manifold 4 pointing connection piece 33 ', 44' pipe bends 22, 22 'connected. These Pipe bends 21, 21 'each form an upward facing 90 ° bend. In continuation of the pipe bends 21, 21 'are here straight pipe sections 22, 22 'arranged at their upper end with the boiler 2, more precisely its flow and return connections, are connected. immediate below the boiler 2 is in each case a shut-off valve provided, due to the line of sight in Figure 4, only the viewer facing the shut-off valve 23 between the upper end of the straight pipe section 22 and the boiler 2 can be seen. This Shut-off valve 23 allows a shut-off of the boiler flow. Another, here concealed shut-off valve allows a shut-off of the boiler return if required.

As Figure 4 further shows, each a pipe bend 21, 21 'and an associated straight pipe section 22, 22' in each case a one-piece tubular element 20, 20 'summarized, that each as a flexible and variable length corrugated pipe is executed. This allows the radius of the pipe bend 21, 21 'can be adjusted as needed. In addition, the Length of the straight pipe section 22, 22 'in sufficient large variable, tolerances and positional deviations Compensate free and with little effort.

The unused connection piece 33, 44 at the front the cascade unit 1, in Figure 4 so after right-pointing connecting pieces, each with a Cap or a blind plug 24, 24 'liquid-tight locked.

At the bottom of Figure 4 is finally still one of the feet 11 recognizable with which the cascade unit 1 to the ground a boiler room is.

Claims (16)

Cascade unit (1) for a heating system with two or more boilers (2), in particular with mounted condensing boilers, with a hydraulic diverter (5), on the one hand with the feed and return of all boilers (2) and on the other hand with at least one each heating circuit flow ( 55) and heating circuit return (56) is connected, wherein the cascade unit (1) further comprises a substantially horizontally extending boiler flow collector (3) and boiler return manifold (4), wherein the collector (3) and the distributor (4) arranged directly above one another and fixedly connected to the hydraulic separator (5) and with which they form a prefabricated, transportable construction and assembly unit representing cascade unit (1), and wherein the collector (3) and the distributor (4) are each prepared with for a group of two or more boilers (2) adapted placed connecting piece (33, 44, 33 ', 44') for connecting the boiler headers and the Heizke are executed, characterized in that the connecting pieces (33, 44, 33 ', 44') are designed in the form of short, horizontally extending straight pipe sections, that the connecting pieces (33, 44, 33 ', 44') are arranged alternately on the front side and on the rear side on the collector (3) and on the distributor (4), and that at each connecting piece (33, 44; 33 ', 44') is either a running towards the respective boiler (2), pipe bend (21, 21 ') or a blind plug (24, 24') attachable. Cascade unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the connecting pieces (33, 44; 33 ', 44') are formed with flat-sealing connecting nipples (34, 45; 34 ', 45'). Cascade unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the collector (3) and the distributor (4) are designed as stacked rectangular tubes, preferably with a common central wall. Cascade unit according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the collector (3) is at the top and the distributor (4) is at the bottom and the collector (3) and distributor (4) at its one end face with the substantially vertically oriented hydraulic separator (5) are mechanically fixed near the lower end. Cascade unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the collector (3) is in fluid communication with the upper part of the hydraulic separator (5) at or near its soft end via a fixed connecting pipe (35) and in that the distributor (4) is at its soft side End via an opening (54) in its facing wall of the hydraulic switch (5) with the lower region is in direct flow communication. Cascade unit according to Claim 5, characterized in that the fixed connecting line (35) is designed as an integral part of the hydraulic separator (5). Cascade unit according to Claim 6, characterized in that the connecting line (35) is formed by a rectangular tube or U-profile which is tightly connected, preferably welded, to the side of the switch (5) facing the collector (3), the interior of which is below an opening (53) with the collector (3) and above a further opening (53 ') with the upper portion of the hydraulic switch (5) is in flow communication. Cascade unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the pipe bends (21, 21 ') on the one hand and the forward and backward flows of the boiler (2) on the other hand for spacing compensation straight pipe pieces, preferably with cutting ring fittings at their ends, can be inserted. Cascade unit according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in each case the pipe bends (21, 21 ') with these straight pipe sections (22, 22') connected to the supply and return lines of the heating boilers (2) are designed as one-piece pipe elements (20, 20 ') are executed. Cascade unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that the tubular elements (20, 20 ') are designed to be flexible and / or variable in length. Cascade unit according to Claim 10, characterized in that the tubular elements (20, 20 ') are designed as corrugated pipes. Cascade unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for side by side juxtaposed boiler (2) the pipe bends (21, 21 ') all on the back or all on the front of the collector (3) and distributor (4) are attachable , Cascade unit according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that for one or more pairs of back-to-back boilers (2) the pipe bends (21, 21 ') on both the back and the front of the collector (3) and Distributor (4) are attachable. Cascade unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cascade unit (1) and the pipe bends (21, 21 ') and straight pipe sections (22, 22') can be insulated against heat losses with a prefabricated, multi-part and shape-adapted insulating shell. Cascade unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with feet (11) which can be placed on a floor and / or with carriers which can be attached to a wall or ceiling. Cascade unit according to Claim 15, characterized in that the feet (11) and / or the supports are height-adjustable and / or length-adjustable.

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