EP1381127A2 - Eclateur pouvant supporter un courant de foudre - Google Patents

Eclateur pouvant supporter un courant de foudre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1381127A2
EP1381127A2 EP03001847A EP03001847A EP1381127A2 EP 1381127 A2 EP1381127 A2 EP 1381127A2 EP 03001847 A EP03001847 A EP 03001847A EP 03001847 A EP03001847 A EP 03001847A EP 1381127 A2 EP1381127 A2 EP 1381127A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark gap
voltage
partial
spark
gaps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03001847A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1381127A3 (fr
EP1381127B1 (fr
Inventor
Jan Prof. Dr.-Ing. Meppelink
Michael Benzin
Jürgen Trinkwald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Priority to SI200331991T priority Critical patent/SI1381127T1/sl
Publication of EP1381127A2 publication Critical patent/EP1381127A2/fr
Publication of EP1381127A3 publication Critical patent/EP1381127A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1381127B1 publication Critical patent/EP1381127B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lightning current carrying Spark gap with several series connected Spark gaps, where the spark gap consists of n sub-spark gaps exists, whose Arc voltage by series connection of the Partial spark gaps to n times the value of Arc voltage of a partial spark gap is brought, the partial spark gaps with Except for the first in the lightning current event attractive spark gap due to impedances are wired so that they are successive switch through, the second and the others Spark gaps directly connected to the impedances common reference potential, in particular to the free electrode of the last spark gap as Reference electrode are placed, the further Impedances are preferably formed by capacitors are.
  • Such a spark gap is from DE 197 42 302 A1 and DE 197 55 082 A1.
  • the response voltage can namely at Multiple spark gaps are not arbitrarily small can be set.
  • the reason for this is that successive ignition of the individual Partial spark gaps of the multiple spark gap and the cessation of the Strike distance of the partial spark gaps of the Multiple spark gap.
  • Figure 1 is a spark gap according to the state of the Technology shown.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 1 exhibits a multiple spark gap with a Variety of spark gaps connected in series FS1 to FSN on.
  • the partial spark gaps are included Except for the first in the lightning current event responsive spark gap FS1 due to impedances C2 to CN wired so that they are successive by turn.
  • the second and the others Spark gaps are directly connected via the impedances a common reference potential B, for example to the free electrode of the last spark gap FSN placed as a reference electrode.
  • the impedances C2 to CN are preferably in shape by capacities formed by capacitors. Parallel to everyone Spark gap is still a parallel capacitance CP1 up to CPN. With these parallel capacities it is everyone's own capacity Radio link.
  • connection is the Spark gap to a conductor of a Power supply network or the like protective conductor specified. If such Spark gap for the purpose of simulating the Response to a hybrid generator is connected, which is usually used for Verification of the performance of a Lightning arrester is used following picture.
  • the hybrid generator delivers in No load a lightning impulse voltage of 1.2 / 50 ⁇ s and when the spark gap is switched on 8/20 ⁇ s surge current.
  • When connecting the Hybrid generator on the spark gap shows up the successive response of the partial spark gap the multiple spark gap. After the full Ignition of all partial spark gaps of the Multiple spark gap arises at the Multiple spark gap from the anode and Cathode case of all partial spark gaps of the Multiple spark gap formed a voltage drop.
  • the current flow through the multiple spark gap starts with the first ignition of the first Partial spark gap and is due to the capacitive Control determined.
  • the actual surge current starts by igniting the whole Multiple spark gap.
  • the response voltage of a multiple spark gap can be reduced by a smaller stroke distance Partial spark gaps up to a lower limit be reduced by the tolerances at the Manufacturing is given.
  • a lightning arrester is always due to the mains voltage at the installation location and therefore for the correspondingly provided AC test voltage must be designed.
  • the invention proposes a new way to Lower the response voltage before.
  • the core of the Invention is that at least one, preferably all partial spark gaps of the Multiple spark gap by creating one Trigger voltage to the electrodes of the Partial spark gaps brought through becomes. With the appropriate triggering, the Response voltage set almost arbitrarily small become what the function of Multiple spark gap is extremely advantageous.
  • FIG. 2 A first implementation of the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the trigger voltage is generated using an auxiliary spark gap connected in parallel to the multiple spark gap, the response voltage of which is smaller than the response voltage of a partial spark gap of the multiple spark gap and has a flat surge characteristic.
  • the triggering is carried out by an auxiliary spark gap HFS1 and connection of partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN via a passive network of resistors W 1 to W N. If one simulates the behavior in such a circuit arrangement in comparison to an untriggered multiple spark gap on a hybrid generator, it can be seen that the auxiliary spark gap HFS1 is set to a response voltage far below the response voltage of the partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN.
  • this auxiliary spark gap HFS1 does not have to carry lightning current, a known noble gas-filled spark gap can be used, which is characterized by a low response lightning impulse voltage of 700 volts and a flat surge characteristic.
  • a voltage pulse is simultaneously connected to the connected partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN via the current limiting resistors W 1 to W N.
  • the voltage pulse is also present at the last partial spark gap FSN, which is connected to the reference potential or ground potential.
  • the control capacitors C2 to CN are charged via the current limiting resistors W 1 to W N.
  • the Current limiting resistors can be set in this way be that the lightning current does not have the Auxiliary spark gap HFS1 flows, but through all Partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN the Multiple spark gap.
  • the circuit according to FIG. 2 is supplemented by the additional switching on of one or more varistors V 1 , V 2 .
  • the connection of several varistors in series connection reduces the capacitance of the varistors effective in the series connection and consequently has an advantageous effect on the voltage distribution in the case of AC voltage, in particular in the case of AC test voltage.
  • FIG 4 is a variant of a corresponding Circuit shown.
  • This is an electronic Threshold switch, preferably a Schmitt trigger used with a freely selectable Voltage value the switching transistor T turns on. This makes it possible, too Tensions below that of inert gas-filled Spark gaps given limit of about 700 volts to switch and the adverse effects of Shock characteristic of a spark gap filled with inert gas to avoid.
  • Analogous to the embodiment Figure 2 and 3 are again here Current limiting resistors and control capacities intended.
  • FIG. 5 A development of this circuit is shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of varistors V 1 , V 2 again being switched on, as can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the use of several varistors in series connection reduces the capacitance of the varistors effective in the series connection and therefore has an advantageous effect on the voltage distribution in the case of AC voltage, in particular in the case of AC test voltage.
  • the triggering is carried out by a Auxiliary spark gap HFS1 with pulse transformer TRA and connection of partial spark gaps via one passive network of resistors (Current limiting resistors).
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit with a Auxiliary spark gap HFS1 shown, their function already using the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 was explained.
  • the auxiliary spark gap is HFS1 in series with a TRA transformer Generation of a higher voltage pulse for Triggering the partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN the Multiple spark gap switched.
  • the Series resistance in the branch of the primary winding (in the drawing above right) of the transformer TRA serves to limit the current and thus to protect the Transformer.
  • the secondary voltage of the Secondary winding lies in the same way as the described other embodiments to the Partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN the Multiple spark gap.
  • the transformer TRA is switched so that the polarity is reversed becomes. This means that when the Auxiliary spark gap HFS1 with a positive Voltage at the output of the secondary side of the Transformers TRA against reference potential or Earth potential there is a negative voltage that accordingly advantageous to ignite of the partial spark gaps of the multiple spark gap effect.
  • FIG. 7 shows in a further development the triggering by an auxiliary spark gap HFS1 with several pulse transformers TR1 to TRN and connection of partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN via a passive network of resistors W 1 to W N (current limiting resistors).
  • the transformers TR1 to TRN are arranged on each partial spark gap of the multiple spark gap with the exception of the first partial spark gap FS1.
  • the transformers TR1 to TRN are switched in such a way that the polarity is reversed, i.e. when the auxiliary spark gap HFS1 is ignited at a positive voltage, a negative voltage is present at the output of the secondary side of the transformers TR1 to TRN with respect to the reference potential or ground potential.
  • a current limiting resistor is also connected between the auxiliary spark gap HFS1 and the network of transformers TR1 to TRN.
  • FIG. 8 Another possible circuit arrangement is in Figure 8 shown. This is where the triggering takes place with auxiliary spark gaps HFS1 and HFS2 with Generation of an oscillating surge voltage and Connection of partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN via a passive network of resistors (Current limiting resistors).
  • FIG. 8 shows a corresponding circuit with two auxiliary spark gaps HFS1 and HFS2, which are used to generate a higher voltage pulse for triggering the partial spark gaps FS1 to FSN of the multiple spark gap.
  • the current voltage present at the multiple spark gap initially ignites the auxiliary spark gap HFS1, which charges the capacitor C S until the ignition voltage of the auxiliary spark gap HFS2 is reached.
  • the auxiliary spark gap HFS2 ignites and switches the charged capacitor C S via the inductor L coil to the capacitors C B , on which approximately twice the voltage of the capacitor C S occurs.
  • the higher trigger voltage the ignition behavior improves compared to the circuit, for example according to FIG.
  • the capacitor C S has approximately 10 times the capacitance of the capacitor C B.
  • the second auxiliary spark gap and the capacitor C S can be omitted.
  • FIG. 8 can also be used and FIG. 9 shows a Schmitt trigger as Threshold switches are used, which at a freely selectable voltage value Switching transistor turns on, which makes it possible is, even tensions below the limit given by inert gas-filled spark gaps of about 700 volts to switch and the disadvantageous Effects of the impact characteristic of an inert gas-filled one Avoid spark gaps.
  • FIG. 10 Analogous to the circuit according to FIG. 7, an arrangement of transformers TR1 to TRN is provided according to FIG. 10, the trigger voltage being applied to metallic electrodes within the insulation between the electrodes of each partial spark gap FS1 to FSN of the multiple spark gap.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a similar trigger circuit with connection via resistors W 1 to W N to the metallic electrode within the insulation between the electrodes of each partial spark gap FS1 to FSN of the multiple spark gap.
  • spark gap metallic trigger electrode is in Figure 12 and 13 shown.
  • the two electrodes of the Spark gaps FS are designated E1 and E2.
  • An insulation I is arranged between them, within which the metallic trigger electrode T is arranged.
  • the electrodes E1 and E2 circular flat washers while the insulation I is a ring body made of insulating material and likewise the metallic trigger electrode T. is metallic ring part.
  • the invention is based on the exemplary embodiments clarifies, the embodiments none Mean limitation.
  • the pictorial Representations in the exemplary embodiments pointed out that the corresponding Circuit arrangement from these graphic Representations is clearly visible, so that a further explanation of the circuit is unnecessary.
  • the invention is not based on that Embodiments limited, but in the frame the overall revelation is often variable.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
EP03001847A 2002-07-09 2003-01-29 Eclateur pouvant supporter un courant de foudre Expired - Lifetime EP1381127B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200331991T SI1381127T1 (sl) 2002-07-09 2003-01-29 Razelektritveno vezje za zadrĹľevanje toka ob udaru strele

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10230827A DE10230827A1 (de) 2002-07-09 2002-07-09 Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke
DE10230827 2002-07-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1381127A2 true EP1381127A2 (fr) 2004-01-14
EP1381127A3 EP1381127A3 (fr) 2008-07-30
EP1381127B1 EP1381127B1 (fr) 2011-03-23

Family

ID=29723803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03001847A Expired - Lifetime EP1381127B1 (fr) 2002-07-09 2003-01-29 Eclateur pouvant supporter un courant de foudre

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1381127B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1467895A (fr)
AT (1) ATE503290T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10230827A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2358790T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI1381127T1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008049458A1 (de) 2007-10-15 2009-04-30 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Funkenstreckenanordnung für höhere Bemessungsspannungen
DE102008049471A1 (de) 2007-10-15 2009-11-12 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Funkenstreckenanordnung für höhere Bemessungsspannungen

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121765B (fi) * 2005-07-01 2011-03-31 Alstom Grid Oy Menetelmä ja sovitelma sarjakipinävälin liipaisemiseksi
CN101227088B (zh) * 2007-11-30 2012-03-28 上海电科电器科技有限公司 多点火花触发电涌保护器
US8508326B2 (en) * 2010-11-08 2013-08-13 Shenzhen Dowin Lighting Technologies Co., Ltd. Surge protection device using metal oxide varistors (MOVs) as the active energy control multiple gap discharging chain
CN102222897B (zh) * 2011-06-15 2014-08-27 中国电力科学研究院 一种高可靠性可控多重火花放电间隙
CN102545196B (zh) * 2012-02-10 2015-01-28 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 一种多层放电间隙型电涌保护器
DE202013102647U1 (de) 2013-06-19 2013-06-26 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Mehrfachfunkenstrecke
DE102015114504A1 (de) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-02 Epcos Ag Mehrfachfunkenstreckenableiter

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2255724A1 (fr) 1973-12-21 1975-07-18 Siemens Ag
DE19742302A1 (de) 1997-09-25 1999-04-08 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2255724A1 (fr) 1973-12-21 1975-07-18 Siemens Ag
DE19742302A1 (de) 1997-09-25 1999-04-08 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke
DE19755082A1 (de) 1997-09-25 1999-06-17 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008049458A1 (de) 2007-10-15 2009-04-30 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Funkenstreckenanordnung für höhere Bemessungsspannungen
DE102008049471A1 (de) 2007-10-15 2009-11-12 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Funkenstreckenanordnung für höhere Bemessungsspannungen
DE102008064794B3 (de) * 2007-10-15 2017-03-02 DEHN + SÖHNE GmbH + Co. KG. Funkenstreckenanordnung für höhere Bemessungsspannungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50313559D1 (de) 2011-05-05
ATE503290T1 (de) 2011-04-15
DE10230827A1 (de) 2004-02-05
ES2358790T3 (es) 2011-05-13
EP1381127A3 (fr) 2008-07-30
CN1467895A (zh) 2004-01-14
EP1381127B1 (fr) 2011-03-23
SI1381127T1 (sl) 2011-07-29

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