EP1367188A1 - Element-System for erecting buildings and mould for producing the elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The components for a system-built building are a number of different elements of cast light concrete or other suitable materials, locked together on the same plane and also at an angle to each other. Each element or slab or module has a longitudinal recess channel (2) matching the theoretical bonding line between the modules (1). Each modules has inner stabilizing rods (3), with their ends extending into the channel recesses, with ring (4) ends. Hooks or strong clips are pressed into the rings to lock the modules or slabs together.

Description

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an element system for building Buildings through which you get floors, ceilings and walls the basis of prefabricated elements, which can easily be used for Can be used wherever it's quick and easy Allow assembly of any building, be it for apartments or other use.

The invention also extends to the molds for manufacturing or Development of the aforementioned elements.

The purpose of the invention is to produce elements that are simple and enable fast connection with each other, both in the Main walls and partitions as well as the ceilings and Floors without the typical problems of cracking that arise the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the different Materials result.

PRIOR ART BEFORE THE INVENTION

In the field of building construction, the use of prefabricated parts is or elements common, but usually that refers to very specific parts of a building, for example the facade.

Although you can also use pre-made elements for almost the tried entire construction, focusing on prefabricated elements different types and nature, this technique has not spread, because they have difficulty assembling or assembling Has elements of different nature. Cracking in particular due to the differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the mentioned materials of different types.

Because of this, the current state of the art shows no constructive Solutions for a whole with extensive homogeneity in the Materials for the construction of buildings based on prefabricated Construction elements, which are a system for quick assembly and Include merge.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The element system proposing the invention solves the problem beforehand presented problems to the full satisfaction and enables the Work "in situ" or go back to a minimum directly on site, except for those necessary to assemble the various elements Works that occur in this particular building, all of which Prefabricated elements, that is, in a previous industrial Production in factories equipped for this were worked out.

For this purpose the system is preferably based on the use of Lightweight concrete made of expanded clay, although other materials as well can be used to manufacture solid elements in different widths, heights and thicknesses, depending on the task in each concrete case, with the peculiarity that these elements (modules) to the Pages where you put them together with other similar elements, each have channel-like depressions of considerable size, which at Merging modules will result in tubular cavities have multiple benefits. For example, the channelization for different purposes take place, in them the connection of the Stabilizing bars and they are used to hold reinforcing steel reinforcement and lightweight concrete of the same composition as that of the Wall elements for chemical connection.

The elements (modules, panels) have continuous stabilizing bars made of structural steel, which is from the bottom of the opposite channel-like depressions through the whole element range and the annular end pieces protrude into these recesses and which after setting up the elements (modules, panels) their connection to each other by hooks or strong brackets Allow a quick assembly of the elements Allow disassembly after provisional installation.

In the case of corner elements, one of the channel-like depressions, which are normally located on the end faces of the elements, is arranged on a front side on the right or left such that it abuts the end piece of another normal element in such a way that a complete corner is formed from two elements becomes. With other wall elements, other channel-like depressions can exist on the front or rear in any position in order to have a different wall or partition wall branched off or inserted at right angles as well as at a different angle.
When it comes to elements for floors and ceilings, these elements are provided with appropriate reinforcement made of mild steel to give them the desired mechanical strength.

To get these elements (panels, modules), structured ones Molds are provided, the basis of which is a plate made of stainless steel or other stable and rustproof material, whose dimensions noticeably go beyond those of the panels to be obtained, and where rectangular raised edges or brackets act as supports for attaching the inner "profile pieces", which are in shapes and Dimensions are designed to provide the desired channel-like depressions to get that in turn using spacers on these Brackets are applied, the spacers on the one hand any desired Determine the width of the panels and on the other hand the later light one Allow removal of the profile pieces from the mold. It's clear, that the so-called profile pieces in number and positional arrangement with corresponding recesses for receiving the end pieces of the Stabilizing bars and corresponding brackets, for example Knobs are equipped to hold the pipes.

In this way you get an "open system", which is the free one Creation and realization of any building allowed, such as a residential building, in any desired size and design, the prefabricated items are kept "in stock" and what a quick and simple and immediate assembly allowed, after selection of a particular design.

You get massive walls with considerable strength and high values for thermal and acoustic insulation as well as high vapor permeability, which the expanded clay gives them and you get as many columns as is considered necessary by including the tubular cavities Structural steel reinforcements and (usually) with the same Backfilled lightweight concrete that forms the walls without formwork are necessary.

A corresponding fine grain of the same material on the top and Sub-layers, applied during the manufacturing process in the form, allows an optimal surface structure without the need for usual and expensive plastering on the building, which also increases the risk of The plaster does not flake off since all layers of the concrete are in one have unified common process and real connection and form a real unit, so that after filling the grooves on the Junctions the walls are paintable.

The time spent on construction is reduced considerably, from months to months Days, which means a huge cost reduction when you consider that the labor cost most of the cost under the make conventional construction, with the handover times be shortened, which allows the financing costs of each construction to increase to reduce.

The environment is protected because there is neither rubble and material residues noteworthy other waste and no wood unnecessary in auxiliary structures is consumed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figur 1. -

stellt einen Querschnitt durch ein typisches Wandelement oder Panel oder Modul dar.

Figur 2. -

zeigt, entsprechend einer ähnlichen Darstellung der vorher genannten Figur, ein Detail der Verbindung oder Ver-einigung zwischen zwei Wand-Elementen.

Figur 3. -

zeigt eine Eck-Verbindung zweier Wand-Elemente, wofür eines davon entsprechend abgeändert wurde.

Figur 4. -

zeigt einen T-förmigen Anschluss zwischen drei Modulen, wobei eins eine andere Dicke hat.

Figur 5. -

zeigt, entsprechend ähnlicher Darstellung der vorherigen Figuren, einen seitlichen Anschluss mit Nut und Feder eines dünneren Wandelements an einem beliebigen Punkt eines Elements grösserer Dicke.

Figur 6. -

zeigt eine schematische Darstellung in Perspektive des Elements der Figur 1, in welches ausserdem Anschlusskästen und Rohre oder Schläuche für elektrische oder andere Installationen eingefügt wurden.

Figur 7. -

zeigt, mit ähnlichen Zusätzen wie in der vorherigen Zeich-nung, ein Detail in Perspektive der Gesamtheit, wie in Figur 4 gezeigt.

Figur 9. -

zeigt eine Draufsicht der Verbindung wie in der vorherigen Zeichnung.

Figuren 10 und 11

zeigen entsprechende Ansichten im Profil und als Draufsicht der mechanischen Verbindung zwischen Boden- und Decken-Platten.

Figur 12. -

zeigt ein Detail im Schnitt des Elements der Figur 1 im Herstellungsprozess desselben im Inneren der Herstellungsform.

Figur 13.-

zeigt eine Draufsicht der Gesamtheit wie in der vorherigen Figur dargestellt.

In order to supplement the present description and to contribute to a better understanding of the invention, in accordance with the illustration of a practical implementation thereof, an integral part of this description is accompanied by a set of drawings, where the following has been illustrated in an illustrative and without limitation :

Figure 1.-

represents a cross section through a typical wall element or panel or module.

Figure 2.-

shows, according to a similar representation of the aforementioned figure, a detail of the connection or union between two wall elements.

Figure 3.-

shows a corner connection of two wall elements, for which one of them has been modified accordingly.

Figure 4.-

shows a T-shaped connection between three modules, one having a different thickness.

Figure 5.-

shows, according to a similar representation of the previous figures, a lateral connection with tongue and groove of a thinner wall element at any point of an element of greater thickness.

Figure 6.-

shows a schematic representation in perspective of the element of Figure 1, in which junction boxes and pipes or hoses for electrical or other installations have also been inserted.

Figure 7.-

shows, with similar additions as in the previous drawing, a detail in perspective of the whole, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 9.-

shows a top view of the connection as in the previous drawing.

Figures 10 and 11

show corresponding views in profile and as a top view of the mechanical connection between floor and ceiling panels.

Figure 12.-

shows a detail in section of the element of Figure 1 in the manufacturing process of the same inside the manufacturing mold.

Figure 13.-

shows a top view of the entirety as shown in the previous figure.

COMMON REALIZATION OF THE INVENTION

In view of the drawings shown, in particular Figures 1, 2 and 6, it can be seen how the element system which proposes the invention consists of rectangular plates which, in the case that they are intended for wall elements, have a length , which corresponds to the height of a floor, elements ( 1 ) with the special feature that they each have a channel-like depression ( 2 ) of considerable size on the long sides or vertical, which are obviously arranged opposite the corresponding counterparts, as shown in FIG. 1, whereby in the bottom of the recess ( 2 ) the end pieces of a multiplicity of stabilizing rods ( 3 ) protrude, rods which, as can be seen in the detailed illustration of FIGS. 8 and 9, each end in rings which are directly inside the channels ( 2 ) are accessible, so that when the wall elements abut one another on the end face, as shown in FIG. 2, the rings face each other from one side and the other, which e allows you to connect them with hooks or clamps ( 5 ), as can also be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, which represent associations or connecting bridges between the elements ( 1 ) which sufficiently stabilize and connect them.

Obviously, and starting from this solution for the modules or elements ( 1 ), there are elements like the one designated with 11 in FIG. 3, which have one of their channel-like depressions ( 2 ) on a wide side, more precisely on their inside and in close to the edge if a corner connection is intended, as shown in said figure.

There is also provision for modules ( 21 ), similar to module ( 1 ), but which have at least one of the channel-like depressions in asymmetrical design ( 2 " ) on the narrow sides, in order to open an opening between two adjacent elements that collide on the end face to be designed as a tongue and groove for connecting a different type of module or panel ( 6 ) with the same or different thickness, which has a nerve or tongue ( 7 ) on the narrow side of its connection for the purpose of insertion between the adjacent elements ( 21 ), as shown in Figure 4.

There is also the possibility of panels or modules ( 31 ), similar to the modules ( 1 ) and with the channels mentioned on the narrow sides, which have a further channel-like depression ( 8 ) at any point on their broad sides for the purpose of the side outgoing connection to that of the module ( 6 ) as mentioned above and as shown in Figure 5.

All of these panels make it possible to build or assemble a building of any size and with any desired internal subdivision in a surprisingly quick and simple manner using the appropriate modules ( 1 ), ( 11 ), ( 21 ), ( 31 ) and ( 6 ), which are sufficiently connected to one another by means of hooks or clamps ( 5 ), and which form tube-like cavities ( 9 ) in the areas of the collision, which extend from the floor to the ceiling and which, while still empty, can be used for all possible sewer systems and / or filled with reinforcement and concrete (preferably with the same composition as the main part of the walls) to reinforce the structure of the building.

The slabs for floors and ceilings, not shown in the drawing, are connected in a similar way to that shown in FIG. 2, and they have a similar basic structure to the elements ( 1 ), but with reinforcements in the interior which provide them with the structurally necessary structural strength to lend.

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a mold is used to produce a panel ( 1 ), or any other module mentioned above, formed by a plate ( 10 ) made of stainless material, such as stainless steel, with right-angled bends or attached Supports ( 12 ) on the sides, which are lower than the module or panel ( 1 ) to be obtained, between which spacers ( 13 ) are attached, which hold the corresponding profile pieces ( 14 ), the cross section of which corresponds to the intended channel-like depressions ( 2 ) , the profile pieces ( 14 ) being arranged opposite one another, connected by the tubes ( 15 ), which are primarily intended for removal from the shape and for internal transport of the module, and by the stabilizing rods ( 3 ), which with their annular end pieces ( 4 ) protrude into the interior of the profile pieces, and then you carry the layer of lightweight concrete ( 16 ) over the inserted street structures which, after corresponding vibration, forms the element, panel or module ( 1 ), including all accessories, the spacers ( 13 ) serving a dual purpose, on the one hand, to distance the profile pieces ( 14 ) according to the desired width of the module ( 1 ) and on the other hand to enable the removal of said module.

Before the concrete ( 16 ) is introduced, the boxes for connections or control of the installations ( 17 ) are introduced and connected to one another with the conduit pipes ( 18 ) which, as shown in FIG. 6, establish connections within a module and / or different modules with one another connect, as shown in Figure 7, which also schematically shows a light switch ( 19 ) and a socket ( 19; ) and the enlarged detail of the connection between tubes ( 18 ) of different adjacent modules ( 6 ).

Claims (5)

Element system for the construction of buildings, consisting of a large number of different elements, connectable to each other both in a plane and at an angle, made in molds using lightweight concrete or other material, characterized in that each element, panel or module runs longitudinally channel-like Has depressions ( 2-2'-2 " ) in correspondence with the imaginary connecting lines between the modules, with several stabilizing rods ( 3 ) running in the interior of each module, the ends of which extend into the said channeling ( 2-2'-2" ) protrude and end in rings ( 4 ), which provide the connection between the panels or modules ( 1 ), ( 11 ), ( 21 ), ( 31 ) using hooks or strong brackets ( 5 ) in a U-shaped design , which are pressed into the rings ( 4 ) mentioned and which act as connecting bridges between the panels. Element system for the construction of buildings, according to claim 1 and further characterized in that said channel-like depressions ( 2 ) run on the narrow longitudinal sides of the panels ( 1 ) if they are provided for connection in one plane, or that a of them runs on a front near a side edge if the panels are to make a corner connection. Element system for the construction of buildings, according to the preceding claims and further characterized in that the panels or modules ( 21 ) can have asymmetrical channel-like depressions ( 2 ' ), which on one side allow connection of two panels with the same opposite side while on the other side creates a recess for receiving a tongue and groove connection, the tongue being part of the branching panel ( 6 ). Element system for the construction of buildings, according to the preceding claims and further characterized in that the panels ( 1 ), ( 11 ), ( 21 ), ( 31 ) and ( 6 ) made of lightweight concrete based on expanded clay or other materials are manufactured and equipped with internal stabilizing rods ( 3 ) made of structural steel, insofar as they are intended for load-bearing walls or partition walls, and. which contain structural steel reinforcement in a corresponding static design if they are intended for floors and ceilings. Mold for the production of the panels, modules or elements from the preceding claims, characterized in that it is formed by a stainless plate, preferably steel, noticeably oversized in relation to the module ( 1 ) to be produced, with lying in the edge zones ( 12 ) Bends or attached supports, between which the spacers ( 13 ) receive a pair of profile pieces ( 14 ) which form the channel-like recesses ( 2 ) of the module or panel ( 1 ), these profile pieces ( 14 ) with one another with tubes ( 15 ) and Stabilizing rods ( 3 ), the end pieces of which protrude into the interior of the profile pieces ( 14 ), are connected.

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