EP0628673B1 - Block for shutterings - Google Patents
Block for shutterings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0628673B1 EP0628673B1 EP94106731A EP94106731A EP0628673B1 EP 0628673 B1 EP0628673 B1 EP 0628673B1 EP 94106731 A EP94106731 A EP 94106731A EP 94106731 A EP94106731 A EP 94106731A EP 0628673 B1 EP0628673 B1 EP 0628673B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- approximately
- walls
- wall
- transverse walls
- transverse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8623—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
- E04B2/8629—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
- E04B2/40—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
Definitions
- the invention relates to a formwork block with two longitudinal walls, which form an outer wall and an inner wall, which are connected to one another by at least two transverse walls, which extend only over part of the stone height, with a cavity between the walls for concrete filling, and with one Insulation insert, which is arranged on the inside of at least one of the two longitudinal walls.
- formwork blocks are increasingly used, especially for basements. They are usually made of concrete.
- Formwork blocks can also be used very well for the complete walls of a house. In general, only the first layer of stone is placed in mortar and the rest of the wall is dry, raised like a modular system, so that even non-construction specialists can erect such buildings.
- the formwork blocks are therefore made relatively accurately and are mostly provided with tongue and groove for joining them together.
- It consists of lightweight concrete with an addition of foamed plastic particles and has an outer, inner wall, two end walls and a central connecting wall.
- the cavities formed by the stone connections are shielded at least on one side with plates made of heat-insulating material. Inwardly projecting lugs or ribs can be used to hold these plates.
- the top and bottom edges of the end walls and the connecting wall are provided with semicircular recesses in order to allow the concrete to be poured from one stone to the next in a horizontal direction.
- Such a shuttering block is also disclosed in DE 34 32 925. It consists of an outer wall, an inner wall and two end walls. Even with this formwork block one uses an insulation insert to improve thermal insulation and sound insulation. This extends without interruption over the inside of the outer wall, the inside of the two end walls and along the recesses that are located in the end walls and are used for backfilling the concrete. This formwork block already has good thermal insulation properties, but there is still room for improvement. The same applies to sound insulation.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a formwork block of the type mentioned at the outset which is easy to handle, has very good heat insulation properties and whose sound insulation properties are greatly improved.
- this object is achieved in that the transverse walls - in relation to the lateral end faces of the stone - are set inwards, as a result of which the formwork block forms at least approximately an H-shape in a known manner, and in that a further insulation insert is placed over the transverse walls, which includes the transverse walls laterally and in the area of their reduced height.
- the formwork block designed in this way is very well insulated against heat and, above all, soundproofed.
- the basis for this is the creation of the inwardly offset transverse walls instead of the usual end walls. This creates evenly sized channels or cavities that offer ideal options for filling concrete. Because the transverse walls only extend over part of the stone height, the formwork blocks stand a row connected by the concrete backfilling. This ensures that the concrete pressure spreads evenly, thus ensuring a secure bond between the formwork blocks.
- the improved thermal insulation of the formwork block according to the invention is achieved, inter alia, by the inwardly placed transverse walls with the insulation insert placed over them or comprising them.
- the transverse walls of stones lying adjacent to one another on the outside of the longitudinal walls directly abut one another. In this way, there is a very large uninsulated area, with a further disadvantage that the abutting transverse walls can only be insufficiently insulated by insulation.
- the so-called "tiled stove effect" can be particularly effective because the heat is stored in the interior of the concrete.
- the outer wall is provided with the insulation insert and that the transverse walls on their underside are at least approximately flush with the underside of the stone, i.e. the underside of the longitudinal walls, with the further insulation insert being put over each transverse wall from above.
- the insulation insert placed over the two transverse walls and attached to the inside of the outer wall ensures that the heat cannot be transported to the outside. In addition, almost optimal sound insulation is achieved.
- the insulation insert for the longitudinal wall and for the transverse walls are formed in one piece. Both insulations can be done in one step.
- the thickness of the insulation inserts for the transverse walls decreases on both sides of the transverse walls against the inside of the stone facing the building.
- a further advantage of this reduction in width towards the inside of the stone is that at the same time there is still more space available for the concrete backfill and thus a higher static load-bearing capacity of the masonry made with it can be created.
- a step shape, for example, would also be conceivable as a form for this.
- the insulation inserts for the transverse walls taper in a wedge shape towards the inside of the stone facing the building. This makes it easier to manufacture the insulation inserts.
- the width reduction of the insulation inserts for the transverse walls is at least approximately 2: 1 from the outside inwards in the area that laterally encompasses them.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the formwork block according to the invention can consist in that, with a formwork block length of approx. 500 mm, the maximum width of each insulation insert for a transverse wall is approx. 20 to 40 mm for the area that projects laterally over a transverse wall.
- the maximum width of each insulation insert for a transverse wall is at least approximately 30 mm for the area that laterally projects beyond a transverse wall.
- the transverse walls each have a thickness of approximately 50 mm and a distance of 200 mm from each other, which always results in the same spaces for filling with concrete.
- the wall thicknesses of the longitudinal walls are approx. 45 to 55 mm and the insulation insert, which extends along a longitudinal wall, approx. 50 to 60 mm.
- each insulation insert covering the transverse walls on the upper side is approximately 10 to 30 mm.
- each insulation insert covering the transverse walls on the upper side is approximately 15 mm.
- the concrete filling to be filled can be made in the form of lightweight concrete.
- a very advantageous development of the invention can be that the insulation inserts for the longitudinal wall and the transverse walls are made of polystyrene. While the filled concrete shrinks after a certain time, the polystyrene material used for the insulation inlays offers the opportunity to compensate for this shrinkage by first pressing it a bit when filling the concrete and expanding back into its old shape after the concrete filling has shrunk. In this way, cavities and thus sound and cold bridges are avoided.
- a very advantageous embodiment of the invention can also consist in the fact that the transverse walls each have transition areas in the connection area with the longitudinal walls facing the stone top.
- the transition area is possible in the form of a radius or in a simply beveled form for easier production.
- the formwork block has two longitudinal walls, which form an outer wall 1 and an inner wall 2. Both longitudinal walls 1 and 2 are approximately 500 mm long, 250 mm high and have a wall thickness of approx. 45 to 55 mm. They are connected to each other at right angles by two transverse walls 3 (dashed line).
- the transverse walls are each set approx. 100 mm inwards, so that the formwork block approximately forms the shape of an "H" and a total width of the formwork block of approx 300 mm results.
- the transverse walls 3 are arranged at a distance of approximately 200 mm from one another in relation to the formwork block length of approximately 500 mm. This also results when laying the individual formwork blocks together, i.e. each row offset by half a side length, always the same distance of approx. 200 mm.
- Both transverse walls 3 are connected flush with the underside of the stone on their underside and extend to a stone height of approx. 170 mm.
- the transverse walls 3 In their connecting area, the transverse walls 3 have approx. 80 mm high, beveled transition areas 4 directed towards the top of the stone. Because the cross walls only reach the top of the stone in the transition areas, free spaces 5 are created which are useful later for the concrete filling horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the stone.
- An insulation insert 6 is located on the inside of the outer wall 1. It has the same length and height as the outer wall and is approximately 50 to 60 mm thick Wall thickness.
- Each insulation insert 7 covers the transverse walls 3 at the top with a height of approximately 15 mm. This dimension, which projects beyond the transverse walls 3, can also vary between approximately 10 and 30 mm.
- the width of the insulation insert 7 decreases towards the inside of the stone facing the building, in each case on both sides of the transverse walls.
- Each transverse wall 3 is also surmounted by the insulation insert 7 on both sides of the transverse wall 3 in a range of 20 to 40 mm, but at least approximately 30 mm.
- the walls 1, 2 and 3 and the insulation inserts 6 and 7 enclose a cavity 8 formed in this way, which is connected to the free spaces 5 formed by adjacent formwork blocks. Due to the uniformly large cavities 8 and the free spaces 5, the concrete is poured in from the top, as is known, after the formwork blocks have been laid. This also makes the insulation inserts 6 and 7 in their position held and do not need to be attached separately to the formwork stone walls.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schalungsstein mit zwei Längswänden, die eine Außenwand und eine Innenwand bilden, welche durch wenigstens zwei Querwände, die sich nur über einen Teil der Steinhöhe erstrecken, miteinander verbunden sind, mit einem zwischen den Wänden liegenden Hohlraum zur Betonverfüllung, und mit einer Isolierungseinlage, die auf der Innenseite wenigstens einer der beiden Längswände angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a formwork block with two longitudinal walls, which form an outer wall and an inner wall, which are connected to one another by at least two transverse walls, which extend only over part of the stone height, with a cavity between the walls for concrete filling, and with one Insulation insert, which is arranged on the inside of at least one of the two longitudinal walls.
Im Bauwesen, insbesondere beim Hausbau, werden in zunehmendem Maße Schalungssteine, vor allem für Unterkellerungen verwendet. Sie bestehen in aller Regel aus Beton.In construction, especially in house construction, formwork blocks are increasingly used, especially for basements. They are usually made of concrete.
Schalungssteine können aber auch sehr gut für die kompletten Mauern eines Hauses verwendet werden. Im allgemeinen wird dabei lediglich die erste Steinschicht in Mörtel gesetzt und der Rest der Wand wird trocken, baukastenartig hochgezogen, so daß auch Nichtbaufachleute derartige Bauten errichten können.Formwork blocks can also be used very well for the complete walls of a house. In general, only the first layer of stone is placed in mortar and the rest of the wall is dry, raised like a modular system, so that even non-construction specialists can erect such buildings.
Die Schalungssteine werden deshalb relativ maßgenau hergestellt und meistens mit Nut und Feder für die Aneinanderfügung versehen.The formwork blocks are therefore made relatively accurately and are mostly provided with tongue and groove for joining them together.
Nachdem die Schalungssteine geschoßhoch im Verband übereinander verlegt worden sind, werden ihre Hohlräume mit Beton verfüllt. Bei denkbar einfacher Verfahrensweise ergibt sich dadurch eine sehr stabile Wand, die allerdings nur eine sehr geringe Wärmeisolierung besitzt.After the formwork blocks have been laid one on top of the other, the cavities are filled with concrete. With a very simple procedure, this results in a very stable wall, which, however, has only very little thermal insulation.
Aus diesem Grunde, also zur Verbesserung der Wärmeisolation, sind bereits Schalungssteine mit Isolierungseinlagen entwickelt worden.For this reason, so to improve the thermal insulation, formwork blocks with insulation inserts have already been developed.
Ein derartiger Schalungsstein ist in der DE-OS 19 16 400 beschrieben.Such a formwork block is described in DE-OS 19 16 400.
Er besteht aus Leichtbeton mit einem Zuschlag aus aufgeschäumten Kunststoffpartikeln und weist eine Außen-, Innenwand, zwei Stirnwände und eine mittige Verbindungswand auf. Die durch die Steinverbindungen gebildeten Hohlräume sind zumindest einseitig mit Platten aus wärmedämmendem Werkstoff abgeschirmt. Zur Halterung dieser Platten können nach innen vorspringende Nasen bzw. Rippen dienen. Die Stirnwände und die Verbindungswand sind an ihren oberen und unteren Kanten mit halbkreisförmigen Aussparungen versehen, um den Übertritt des einzufüllenden Betons von einem Stein in den nächsten in waagerechter Richtung zu erlauben.It consists of lightweight concrete with an addition of foamed plastic particles and has an outer, inner wall, two end walls and a central connecting wall. The cavities formed by the stone connections are shielded at least on one side with plates made of heat-insulating material. Inwardly projecting lugs or ribs can be used to hold these plates. The top and bottom edges of the end walls and the connecting wall are provided with semicircular recesses in order to allow the concrete to be poured from one stone to the next in a horizontal direction.
Auch in der DE 34 32 925 ist ein derartiger Schalungsstein offenbart. Er besteht aus einer Außenwand, einer Innenwand und zwei Stirnwänden. Auch bei diesem Schalungsstein bedient man sich zur Verbesserung der Wärmedämmung und zur Schallisolation einer Isolierungseinlage. Diese erstreckt sich ohne Unterbrechung über die Innenseite der Außenwand, die Innenseiten der beiden Stirnwände und entlang der Aussparungen, die sich in den Stirnwänden befinden und der Betonverfüllung dienen. Dieser Schalungsstein weist zwar schon gute Wärmeisolierungseigenschaften auf, aber diese ist noch verbesserungsfähig. Gleiches gilt für die Schallisolierung.Such a shuttering block is also disclosed in DE 34 32 925. It consists of an outer wall, an inner wall and two end walls. Even with this formwork block one uses an insulation insert to improve thermal insulation and sound insulation. This extends without interruption over the inside of the outer wall, the inside of the two end walls and along the recesses that are located in the end walls and are used for backfilling the concrete. This formwork block already has good thermal insulation properties, but there is still room for improvement. The same applies to sound insulation.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schalungsstein der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, der einfach handhabbar ist, sehr gute Wärmeisolierungseigenschaften aufweist und dessen Schallisolierungseigenschaften stark verbessert sind.The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a formwork block of the type mentioned at the outset which is easy to handle, has very good heat insulation properties and whose sound insulation properties are greatly improved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Querwände - bezogen auf die seitlichen Stirnseiten des Steines - nach innen gesetzt sind, wodurch in bekannter Weise der Schalungsstein wenigstens annähernd eine H-Form bildet, und daß über die Querwände jeweils eine weitere Isolierungseinlage gestülpt ist, die die Querwände jeweils seitlich und im Bereich ihrer reduzierten Höhe umfaßt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the transverse walls - in relation to the lateral end faces of the stone - are set inwards, as a result of which the formwork block forms at least approximately an H-shape in a known manner, and in that a further insulation insert is placed over the transverse walls, which includes the transverse walls laterally and in the area of their reduced height.
Der so gestaltete Schalungsstein ist dadurch sehr gut wärme- und vor allem schallisoliert. Grundlage dafür bietet die Schaffung der nach innen versetzten Querwände, anstelle der sonst üblichen Stirnwände. Dadurch entstehen gleichmäßig große Kanäle, bzw. Hohlräume, die ideale Möglichkeiten zur Betonverfüllung bieten. Dadurch, daß die Querwände sich nur über einen Teil der Steinhöhe erstrecken, stehen die Schalungssteine einer Reihe durch die Betonverfüllung miteinander in Verbindung. Eine gleichmäßige Ausbreitung des Betondruckes ist dadurch gewährleistet und so auch ein sicherer Verbund der Schalungssteine miteinander gegeben.The formwork block designed in this way is very well insulated against heat and, above all, soundproofed. The basis for this is the creation of the inwardly offset transverse walls instead of the usual end walls. This creates evenly sized channels or cavities that offer ideal options for filling concrete. Because the transverse walls only extend over part of the stone height, the formwork blocks stand a row connected by the concrete backfilling. This ensures that the concrete pressure spreads evenly, thus ensuring a secure bond between the formwork blocks.
Die verbesserte Wärmeisolierung des erfindungsgemäßen Schalungssteines wird unter anderem durch die nach innen gesetzten Querwände mit der darüber gestülpten bzw. diese umfassenden Isolierungseinlage erreicht. Bei dem Schalungsstein nach der DE 34 32 925 stoßen die außen an den Längswänden angeordneten Querwände von benachbart zueinander liegenden Steinen direkt aneinander. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich ein sehr großer unisolierter Bereich, wobei als weiterer Nachteil hinzukommt, daß die aneinander stoßenden Querwände auch nur ungenügend durch eine Isolierung isoliert werden können.The improved thermal insulation of the formwork block according to the invention is achieved, inter alia, by the inwardly placed transverse walls with the insulation insert placed over them or comprising them. In the formwork block according to DE 34 32 925, the transverse walls of stones lying adjacent to one another on the outside of the longitudinal walls directly abut one another. In this way, there is a very large uninsulated area, with a further disadvantage that the abutting transverse walls can only be insufficiently insulated by insulation.
Außerdem kann der sogenannte, bekannte "Kachelofeneffekt" besonders gut wirksam werden, weil die Wärme im Innenraum im Beton gespeichert wird.In addition, the so-called "tiled stove effect" can be particularly effective because the heat is stored in the interior of the concrete.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß auf die bei anderen Schalungssteinen übliche Nut und Feder an den Stirnseiten der Schalungssteine verzichtet werden kann.Another advantage is that the tongue and groove on the end faces of the formwork blocks, which is common in other formwork blocks, can be dispensed with.
Die Herstellung eines solchen "glatten" Steines ist dadurch zum einen wesentlich vereinfacht. Zum anderen kann dadurch die Anpassung der Länge des Mauerverbundes an die gewünschte Länge bedeutend vereinfacht werden, da im Bedarfsfall nur die freien Enden, d.h. jene des gebildeten "H" der Längswände gekürzt werden brauchen.The production of such a "smooth" stone is on the one hand considerably simplified. On the other hand, this can significantly simplify the adjustment of the length of the wall composite to the desired length, since, if necessary, only the free ends, ie those of the "H" formed, of the longitudinal walls need to be shortened.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Außenwand mit der Isolierungseinlage versehen ist, und daß die Querwände auf ihrer Unterseite wenigstens annähernd bündig mit der Steinunterseite, d.h. der Unterseite der Längswände, sind, wobei die weitere Isolierungseinlage jeweils von oben her über jede Querwand gestülpt ist.In a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the outer wall is provided with the insulation insert and that the transverse walls on their underside are at least approximately flush with the underside of the stone, i.e. the underside of the longitudinal walls, with the further insulation insert being put over each transverse wall from above.
Damit ist ein einfaches Komplettieren des Schalungssteines mit der weiteren Isolierungseinlage möglich.This makes it easy to complete the formwork block with the additional insulation insert.
Gleichzeitig ist durch die über die beiden Querwände gestülpte und an der Innenseite der Außenwand angebrachte Isolierungseinlage dafür gesorgt, daß die Wärme nicht nach außen transportiert werden kann. Außerdem wird eine nahezu optimale Schallisolation erreicht.At the same time, the insulation insert placed over the two transverse walls and attached to the inside of the outer wall ensures that the heat cannot be transported to the outside. In addition, almost optimal sound insulation is achieved.
Von Vorteil ist es, wenn die Isolierungseinlage für die Längswand und für die Querwände einstückig ausgebildet sind. Beide Isolierungen können dabei in einem Arbeitsgang vollzogen werden.It is advantageous if the insulation insert for the longitudinal wall and for the transverse walls are formed in one piece. Both insulations can be done in one step.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Stärke der Isolierungseinlagen für die Querwände gegen die zum Gebäudeinneren gerichtete Steininnenseite jeweils an beiden Seiten der Querwände abnimmt.Furthermore, it can be provided that the thickness of the insulation inserts for the transverse walls decreases on both sides of the transverse walls against the inside of the stone facing the building.
Das bedeutet eine Materialeinsparung für die Isolierungseinlagen. Außerdem ist für die Wärme- und Schallisolation die Konzentration des Materials nach außen hin völlig ausreichend.This means saving material for the insulation inserts. In addition, the concentration of the material to the outside is completely sufficient for heat and sound insulation.
Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Breitenreduzierung zur Steininnenseite hin besteht auch darin, daß damit gleichzeitig noch mehr Raum für die Betonverfüllung zur Verfügung steht und somit auch eine höhere statische Belastbarkeit eines damit gefertigten Mauerwerkes geschaffen werden kann. Als Form dafür wäre beispielsweise auch eine Stufenform denkbar.A further advantage of this reduction in width towards the inside of the stone is that at the same time there is still more space available for the concrete backfill and thus a higher static load-bearing capacity of the masonry made with it can be created. A step shape, for example, would also be conceivable as a form for this.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es aber, wenn sich die Isolierungseinlagen für die Querwände (in der Draufsicht gesehen) zu der zum Gebäudeinneren gerichteten Steininnenseite hin keilförmig verjüngen. Die Fertigung der Isolierungseinlagen ist dadurch einfacher.However, it is particularly advantageous if the insulation inserts for the transverse walls (seen in plan view) taper in a wedge shape towards the inside of the stone facing the building. This makes it easier to manufacture the insulation inserts.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Breitenreduzierung der Isolierungseinlagen für die Querwände in dem, diese seitlich umfassenden Bereich von außen nach innen wenigstens annähernd 2 : 1 beträgt.It can be provided that the width reduction of the insulation inserts for the transverse walls is at least approximately 2: 1 from the outside inwards in the area that laterally encompasses them.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Schalungssteines kann darin bestehen, daß bei einer Schalungssteinlänge von ca. 500 mm die maximale Breite jeder Isolierungseinlage für eine Querwand ca. 20 bis 40 mm für den, jeweils eine Querwand seitlich überragenden Bereich beträgt.A further advantageous embodiment of the formwork block according to the invention can consist in that, with a formwork block length of approx. 500 mm, the maximum width of each insulation insert for a transverse wall is approx. 20 to 40 mm for the area that projects laterally over a transverse wall.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, daß bei einer Schalungssteinlänge von ca. 500 mm die maximale Breite jeder Isolierungseinlage für eine Querwand wenigstens annähernd 30 mm für den jeweils eine Querwand seitlich überragenden Bereich beträgt.Furthermore, it can be provided that with a formwork block length of approx. 500 mm, the maximum width of each insulation insert for a transverse wall is at least approximately 30 mm for the area that laterally projects beyond a transverse wall.
Diese Werte haben sich in der Praxis als besonders vorteilhaft ergeben.These values have proven to be special in practice result advantageously.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, daß bei einer Schalungssteinlänge von 500 mm die Querwände eine Dicke von jeweils ca. 50 mm und einen Abstand von 200 mm voneinander besitzen, wodurch sich stets gleiche Räume für die Verfüllung mit Beton ergeben.Furthermore, it can be provided that with a formwork block length of 500 mm, the transverse walls each have a thickness of approximately 50 mm and a distance of 200 mm from each other, which always results in the same spaces for filling with concrete.
Es kann aber auch möglich sein, daß bei einer Schalungssteindicke von ca. 300 mm die Wandstärken der Längswände ca. 45 bis 55 mm und die Isolierungseinlage, die sich entlang einer Längswand erstreckt, ca. 50 bis 60 mm betragen.However, it may also be possible that with a formwork block thickness of approx. 300 mm, the wall thicknesses of the longitudinal walls are approx. 45 to 55 mm and the insulation insert, which extends along a longitudinal wall, approx. 50 to 60 mm.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann außerdem vorgesehen sein, daß der die Querwände oberseitig abdeckende Bereich jeder Isolierungseinlage ca 10 bis 30 mm beträgt.In a further embodiment of the invention it can also be provided that the area of each insulation insert covering the transverse walls on the upper side is approximately 10 to 30 mm.
Als noch vorteilhafter hat sich in der Praxis herausgestellt, wenn der die Querwände oberseitig abdeckende Bereich jeder Isolierungseinlage ca. 15 mm beträgt.It has proven to be even more advantageous in practice if the area of each insulation insert covering the transverse walls on the upper side is approximately 15 mm.
All diese Werte haben sich in der Praxis als am effektivsten herausgestellt. Der so gestaltete Schalungsstein ist dadurch relativ wenig materialintensiv und dennoch sehr stabil. Er ist dadurch für die Verlegearbeiten leicht handhabbar.All these values have proven to be the most effective in practice. The formwork block designed in this way is therefore relatively little material-intensive and nevertheless very stable. This makes it easy to handle for laying work.
Er kann aus dem Material Blähton gefertigt sein und die einzufüllende Betonfüllung kann in Form von Leichtbeton erfolgen.It can be made from expanded clay and the concrete filling to be filled can be made in the form of lightweight concrete.
Eine sehr vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, daß die Isolierungseinlagen für die Längswand sowie die Querwände aus Polystyrol bestehen. Während der eingefüllte Beton nach gewisser Zeit schwindet, bietet das verwendete Material Polystyrol für die Isolierungseinlagen die Möglichkeit, diesen Schwund wieder auszugleichen, indem es zunächst bei Betonverfüllung etwas gedrückt wird und nach dem Schwund der Betonfüllung wieder in seine alte Form expandiert. Auf diese Weise werden Hohlstellen und damit Schall- und Kältebrücken vermieden.A very advantageous development of the invention can be that the insulation inserts for the longitudinal wall and the transverse walls are made of polystyrene. While the filled concrete shrinks after a certain time, the polystyrene material used for the insulation inlays offers the opportunity to compensate for this shrinkage by first pressing it a bit when filling the concrete and expanding back into its old shape after the concrete filling has shrunk. In this way, cavities and thus sound and cold bridges are avoided.
Eine sehr vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann auch noch darin bestehen, daß die Querwände jeweils im Verbindungsbereich mit den Längswänden zur Steinoberseite gerichtete Übergangsbereiche besitzen.A very advantageous embodiment of the invention can also consist in the fact that the transverse walls each have transition areas in the connection area with the longitudinal walls facing the stone top.
Dadurch wird eine bessere Stabilität des Schalungssteines erreicht. Der Übergangsbereich ist in Form eines Radius oder aber für eine einfachere Herstellung in einfach abgeschrägter Form möglich.This improves the stability of the formwork block. The transition area is possible in the form of a radius or in a simply beveled form for easier production.
Nachfolgend ist anhand der Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung prinzipmäßig dargestellt.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in principle below with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine Draufsicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsstein;
- Fig. 2
- eine Stirnansicht des Schalungssteines.
- Fig. 1
- a plan view of the formwork block according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- an end view of the formwork block.
Der Schalungsstein weist zwei Längswände auf, die eine Außenwand 1 und eine Innenwand 2 bilden. Beide Längswände 1 und 2 sind ungefähr 500 mm lang, 250 mm hoch und weisen eine Wandstärke von ca. 45 bis 55 mm auf. Sie sind durch zwei Querwände 3 (gestrichelte Darstellung) rechtwinklig miteinander verbunden.The formwork block has two longitudinal walls, which form an outer wall 1 and an
Bezogen auf die seitlichen Stirnseiten (der Stirnseite der Außen- und der Innenwand 1 und 2) sind die Querwände dabei je ca. 100 mm nach innen gesetzt, so daß der Schalungsstein annähernd die Form eines "H" bildet und eine Gesamtbreite des Schalungssteines von ca. 300 mm ergibt.Relative to the side faces (the face of the outer and inner walls 1 and 2), the transverse walls are each set approx. 100 mm inwards, so that the formwork block approximately forms the shape of an "H" and a total width of the formwork block of approx 300 mm results.
Die Querwände 3 sind bezogen auf die Schalungssteinlänge von ca. 500 mm in einem Abstand von ca. 200 mm zueinander angeordnet. Damit ergibt sich auch beim Aneinanderverlegen der einzelnen Schalungssteine im Verband, d.h. je Reihe um eine halbe Seitenlänge jeweils zueinander versetzt, immer der gleiche Abstand von ca. 200 mm.The
Beide Querwände 3 sind auf ihrer Unterseite bündig mit der Steinunterseite verbunden und reichen bis in eine Steinhöhe von ca. 170 mm.Both
In ihrem Verbindungsbereich besitzen die Querwände 3 zur Steinoberseite gerichtete, ca. 80 mm hohe, abgeschrägte Übergangsbereiche 4. Dadurch, daß die Querwände nur in den Übergangsbereichen bis zur Steinoberseite reichen, sind Freiräume 5 geschaffen, die der späteren Betonverfüllung horizontal in Steinlängsrichtung dienlich sind.In their connecting area, the
Eine Isolierungseinlage 6 befindet sich auf der Innenseite der Außenwand 1. Sie weist die gleiche Länge und Höhe wie die Außenwand und eine ca. 50 bis 60 mm dicke Wandstärke auf. Eine weitere Isolierungseinlage 7, die jede Querwand 3 seitlich und im Bereich ihrer reduzierten Höhe umfaßt, ist von oben her, bündig mit der Unterseite der Isolierungseinlage 6 und der Unterseite des Schalungssteines über jede Querwand 3 gestülpt.An
Jede Isolierungseinlage 7 deckt oberseitig die Querwände 3 in der Höhe mit ca. 15 mm ab. Dieses, die Querwände 3 überragende Maß kann auch zwischen ca. 10 und 30 mm schwanken.Each
Die Breite der Isolierungseinlage 7 nimmt gegen die zum Gebäudeinneren gerichtete Steininnenseite hin, jeweils an beiden Seiten der Querwände ab.The width of the
Aus Fig. 1 ist erkennbar, daß dies dadurch erreicht wird, indem diese Isolierungseinlagen 7 keilförmig in der vorstehend beschriebenen Richtung sich verjüngen. Das Verhältnis dieser Breitenreduzierung von außen nach innen beträgt ca. 2 : 1.From Fig. 1 it can be seen that this is achieved in that these insulation inserts 7 taper in a wedge shape in the direction described above. The ratio of this reduction in width from outside to inside is approximately 2: 1.
Jede Querwand 3 wird außerdem jeweils von der Isolierungseinlage 7 zu beiden Seiten der Querwand 3 in einem Bereich von 20 bis 40 mm, aber wenigstens annähernd 30 mm überragt.Each
Die Wände 1, 2 und 3 sowie die Isolierungseinlagen 6 und 7 umschließen einen so gebildeten Hohlraum 8, der mit den gebildeten Freiräumen 5 von benachbarten Schalungssteinen in Verbindung steht. Durch die gleichmäßig großen Hohlräume 8 und die Freiräume 5 wird nach dem Verlegen der Schalungssteine im Verband von oben bekanntermaßen der Beton eingefüllt. Auch werden dadurch die Isolierungseinlagen 6 und 7 in ihrer Position gehalten und brauchen nicht gesondert an den Schalungssteinwänden befestigt werden.The
Claims (11)
- Formwork block comprising two longitudinal walls forming an outer wall (1) and an inner wall (2) connected together by means of at least two transverse walls (3) extending over only part of the height of the block, a hollow space between the walls for filling with concrete and an insulating layer (6) arranged on the inner surface of at least one of the two longitudinal walls, characterised in that the transverse walls (3) are set inwards in relation to the lateral ends of the block, the formwork block thereby forming at least approximately an H-shape in the known manner, and that a further insulating layer (7) is placed on each of the transverse walls (3), said insulating layers laterally embracing the transverse walls (3) in the region of their reduced height.
- Formwork block according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer wall (1) is provided with the insulating layer (6) and that the transverse walls (3) are at least approximately flush with the underside of the block on their undersides, the further insulating layers (7) being placed on the respective transverse walls (3) from above.
- Formwork block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the insulating layers (6) for the longitudinal wall (1) and for the transverse walls (3) are made in one piece.
- Formwork block according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the width of the insulating layers (7) for the transverse walls (3) decreases towards the inner surface of the block directed towards the interior of the building on both sides of the transverse walls (3).
- Formwork block according to claim 4, characterised in that the insulating layers (7) for the transverse walls (3) taper towards the inner surface of the block directed towards the interior of the building when viewed from above.
- Formwork block according to claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the ratio of the reduction in the width of the insulating layers (7) for the transverse walls (3) in the region laterally embracing the latter from the outside to the inside is at least approximately 2:1.
- Formwork block according to claim 6, characterised in that, given a formwork block length of approximately 500 mm, the maximum width of each insulating layer (7) for a transverse wall (3) is approximately 20 to 40 mm for the region projecting laterally beyond each transverse wall (3).
- Formwork block according to claim 7, characterised in that, given a formwork block length of approximately 500 mm, the maximum width of each insulating layer (7) for a transverse wall (3) is at least approximately 30 mm for the region projecting laterally beyond each transverse wall (3).
- Formwork block according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that, given a formwork block length of approximately 500 mm, the transverse walls (3) each have a thickness of approximately 50 mm and a spacing of approximately 200 mm and that, given a formwork block width of approximately 300 mm, the wall thicknesses of the longitudinal walls (1, 2) are approximately 45 to 55 mm and the insulating layer (6) extending along one longitudinal wall is approximately 50 to 60mm.
- Formwork block according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterised in that the region of each insulating layer (7) covering the top of the transverse walls (3) is approximately 10 to 30 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm.
- Formwork block according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the transverse walls (3) each have transition regions (4) directed towards the top of the block in the connecting region with the longitudinal walls (1, 2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4318578 | 1993-06-04 | ||
| DE4318578A DE4318578A1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Shuttering block |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0628673A1 EP0628673A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
| EP0628673B1 true EP0628673B1 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
Family
ID=6489631
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94106731A Expired - Lifetime EP0628673B1 (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1994-04-29 | Block for shutterings |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5509245A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0628673B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE151143T1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE9308688U1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0628673T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2101383T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202013102272U1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-06-06 | Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Formwork stone for connection to a concrete floor |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29507580U1 (en) * | 1995-05-06 | 1995-08-10 | Gisoton Kg | Shuttering block |
| DE29510640U1 (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1995-12-14 | Gisoton Baustoffwerke Gebhart | Stone, especially formwork or block stone |
| DE29601827U1 (en) * | 1996-02-03 | 1996-03-14 | Gebhart Siegfried | Stone, especially formwork or block stone |
| DE19823657B4 (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 2007-02-01 | GISOTON Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. | Method for filling wall panels made of shuttering stones |
| DE19901560A1 (en) | 1999-01-16 | 2000-07-20 | Gebhart Siegfried | Stone, especially block stone |
| FR2910503A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-27 | Patrick Brouille | Construction module for e.g. wall assembly of dwelling, has parallelepiped blocks including casing surfaces that form casing element of concrete structure, where blocks are made of insulating material i.e. compressed plant type material |
| WO2016118047A1 (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-07-28 | Бауд Алиевич БАУДОВ | Wall block |
| CN108505631A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 江南大学 | A kind of hidden honeycomb porcelain grain thermal insulation structure layer structure |
| BE1026597B1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-04-09 | Gab Services Sprl | Construction element |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3204381A (en) * | 1962-10-12 | 1965-09-07 | Formbloc Inc | Composite insulated building block and wall structure |
| DE1916400A1 (en) * | 1969-03-31 | 1970-10-08 | Kaiser Dipl Ing Wilhelm | Scarf stone |
| DE2904850C2 (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1986-12-04 | H-Steinwerk Ernst Eisenblätter KG Betonfertigteile und Wandbaustoffe, 2300 Kiel | Hollow block made of concrete |
| US4380887A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1983-04-26 | Lee Kenneth S | Insulated structural block |
| DE3278799D1 (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1988-08-25 | Toshiba Kk | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional semiconductor device |
| US4498266A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1985-02-12 | Arnold Perreton | Concrete block and hollow insulating insert therefor |
| US4819396A (en) * | 1982-07-07 | 1989-04-11 | Cruise Thomas E | Insulated concrete masonry unit with low density heat bridges |
| FR2540538B1 (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1987-04-10 | Aspach Tuileries Pont | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING AN ISOTHERMAL, BRICK, HOURDIS AND PROFILED BEAM MASONRY STRUCTURE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| US4856249A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1989-08-15 | Nickerson David L | Insulated building block |
| US4769964A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1988-09-13 | Johnson Stanley D | Self-aligned and leveled, insulated, drystack block |
| DE3432925A1 (en) * | 1984-08-03 | 1986-02-13 | Siegfried 7971 Aichstetten Gebhart | Shuttering block |
| US4854097A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-08 | Juan Haener | Insulated interlocking building blocks |
| US4982544A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-01-08 | Pomico International, Inc. | Module and method for constructing sealing load-bearing retaining wall |
-
1993
- 1993-06-04 DE DE9308688U patent/DE9308688U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-04 DE DE4318578A patent/DE4318578A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-04-29 DE DE59402276T patent/DE59402276D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 DK DK94106731.6T patent/DK0628673T3/en active
- 1994-04-29 AT AT94106731T patent/ATE151143T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-29 EP EP94106731A patent/EP0628673B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-29 ES ES94106731T patent/ES2101383T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-31 US US08/251,744 patent/US5509245A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202013102272U1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-06-06 | Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Formwork stone for connection to a concrete floor |
| EP2816168A2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-24 | Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Sohne Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cladding stone for connection with a concrete ceiling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5509245A (en) | 1996-04-23 |
| DE59402276D1 (en) | 1997-05-07 |
| DK0628673T3 (en) | 1997-08-04 |
| ES2101383T3 (en) | 1997-07-01 |
| ATE151143T1 (en) | 1997-04-15 |
| DE9308688U1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
| EP0628673A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
| DE4318578A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
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