EP1361009B1 - Giessform zur Herstellung eines Gussteils unter Verwendung von Formgrundstoff - Google Patents

Giessform zur Herstellung eines Gussteils unter Verwendung von Formgrundstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1361009B1
EP1361009B1 EP03007102A EP03007102A EP1361009B1 EP 1361009 B1 EP1361009 B1 EP 1361009B1 EP 03007102 A EP03007102 A EP 03007102A EP 03007102 A EP03007102 A EP 03007102A EP 1361009 B1 EP1361009 B1 EP 1361009B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
mold
casting
carrier
molded body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03007102A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1361009A1 (de
Inventor
Jens Dr.-Ing. Schreiner
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Flesch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Giesserei- und Industrie-Holding AG
Deutsche Giesserei und Industrie Holding AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Giesserei- und Industrie-Holding AG
Deutsche Giesserei und Industrie Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Deutsche Giesserei- und Industrie-Holding AG, Deutsche Giesserei und Industrie Holding AG filed Critical Deutsche Giesserei- und Industrie-Holding AG
Publication of EP1361009A1 publication Critical patent/EP1361009A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1361009B1 publication Critical patent/EP1361009B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/061—Materials which make up the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mold for producing a casting under Use of basic molding material and a method for producing a such a mold.
  • Castings which often have a complicated shape, are usually made in so-called "lost" forms or made in permanent forms.
  • lost molds usually from a mineral refractory, granular base material such as B. quartz sand or chrome ore sand as well a binder and often also from other additives for improvement of the raw material properties, the mold after casting destroyed by unpacking.
  • a model of the metal casting Made of wood, plaster or plastic.
  • the model forms the outer contour of the property.
  • the model is basically reusable. to Manufacturing the mold will be the top and bottom of the model in one Molding box, namely an upper box and a lower box, positioned and surrounded with the basic molding material. After compaction and curing of the mold raw material, the model parts are drawn from the sand mold. Then the top and bottom boxes are placed one above the other. The This completes the negative form.
  • Casting is particularly useful for high-melting Fe-based alloys used with lost forms. Disadvantage when casting with lost Molding is that after each casting process not only a new mold is made must be, but that the reprocessing or disposal of the Mold base material after casting with a high technical and financial expense. It is important in this context in particular, that the mold boxes for the production of the molds usually have a standard format, so that especially with small castings Relatively large amount of mold base is needed to make the mold to be able to manufacture.
  • Cooling segments cannot be positioned exactly. Cooling segments in a lost form, usually to build up a temperature gradient and used to set a controlled solidification. hereby should the feed flow to the "feeder zone" start from the "end zone” of a casting be relieved. Cooling segments are loosely attached to the model in each Box created and fixed by the surrounding raw material. The exact positioning can be done during the compression of the base material of the cooling segment are lost. The exact positioning of Cooling segments are especially useful when casting thin-walled castings of considerable importance.
  • Permanent forms have an excellent Significance for the comparatively low-melting non-ferrous metal casting materials achieved because the thermal stress that the Permanent molds set limits due to relatively low casting temperatures for Non-ferrous metals is acceptable.
  • Cast iron materials and steel can in principle can also be cast in permanent forms, however, the associated is Cost of manufacture and maintenance due to the used Molded materials (e.g. graphite, sintered metals, ceramic materials) very high. Suitable for casting cast iron materials and steel Permanent forms are therefore very expensive and due to the high thermal load resulting cracks or due to local melting the shape very susceptible to wear.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore a casting mold and a To provide methods of making a mold, whereby a simple and inexpensive casting of cast iron materials and steel
  • the disadvantage is avoided according to the invention by the design of the casting mold according to claim 1.
  • the two-part design of the mold halves with a simple outer base plate and an inner molded body allows the use of the same outer Green plate for various inner moldings.
  • Just like in the DE-A-100 32 843 mentioned is only a small amount of Mold base material necessary to form the casting cavity.
  • the method is an alternative to producing the casting mold according to the invention provided that the layer thickness of the base material is dependent the wall thickness of the casting to be cast and / or depending on the Solidification behavior and thus also the temperature of the mold introduced melt is selected.
  • the type of the casting mold according to the invention is a lost form arises compared to the prior art essential advantages. Due to the arranged between the mold carriers Shaped body, at least the negative mold or the casting cavity essentially specifies is only a smaller amount of mold base required to produce the actual negative form. Therefore in contrast to the prior art, only a smaller amount is obtained Mold base material with every pouring process. This is especially true for thin-walled ones Castings with a wall thickness between 1 and 10 mm are important. When casting such thin-walled castings, only one falls lower amount of heat from the base material during solidification must be included. The binder of the basic molding material therefore burns only at a depth of a few centimeters.
  • the invention is now accurate exploited this fact and accordingly the layer thickness of the applied molding material depending on the wall thickness of the to be cast Cast part and / or depending on the solidification behavior or Temperature of the melt introduced into the casting mold selected. hereby ultimately, in the optimal case, only the amount of basic molding material is necessary, which is required for technical reasons when casting. In contrast is it in the prior art so that just small or thin-walled Castings have significant amounts of base molding material after casting would still be usable, be recycled. This is not only with increased and in itself unnecessary costs for the Mold raw material connected, but also with a high level of plant technology Reprocessing effort. Higher energy costs also fall on. In addition, the design of the sand preparation of the foundry more complex due to the large amounts of sand. Eventually arise in the prior art large amounts of dusts, which is not just one Can cause environmental pollution, but also increased costs for the Disposal.
  • the use of the molded body according to the invention offers still more Benefits. Since the molded body, which already specifies the negative basic shape, already accounts for a large part of the volume between the mold carriers and consequently only small amounts of sand are required to produce a mold, can achieve significantly shorter cycle times for the production of the casting mold become. Furthermore, it is straightforward in the casting mold according to the invention possible to attach cooling segments to the mold carrier or molded body, so that there is an exact positioning, which, as stated at the beginning, is essential for the production of thin-walled castings. In addition, it is also easily possible that the molded body - with appropriate Material selection - at least in some areas the function of a Cooling segment takes over, namely in areas that are not or only with a small layer of mold base are coated.
  • Small clock marks can be realized in particular in that the application of the mold base layer to the molded body or the individual Molded body halves are supported by air flow. This can also easily the thickness of the sand layer according to the requirements of a controlled solidification can be set. After applying the Layer, the mold halves are then placed on top of each other, so that the Mold is closed.
  • each of the figures there is a casting mold 1 for producing one Cast part 2 shown using raw material 3.
  • the basic molding material is, in a manner known per se, mineral, refractory, granular material, such as sand, with a binder and optionally other additives.
  • mold raw material it is in the case of the casting mold 1, a "type" shape was lost Shape".
  • the casting mold 1 has an outer first mold carrier 4 and an outer one second mold carrier 5.
  • the mold carriers 4 and 5 are the upper and lower limits of the mold 1 in a horizontal arrangement. It it goes without saying that the casting mold is of course also inclined or vertical can be arranged. If the mold 1 is arranged vertically the mold carriers 4, 5 are also on the outside, but are then on the right and arranged on the left. The following explanations refer to the same Way to the right-left arrangement of the mold carrier, albeit only the top-bottom arrangement of the mold carrier is shown and described. The same applies to the rest of the mold halves described below 13, 14. There is a molded body between the mold carriers 4, 5 6, which usually consists of metal, but at least in some areas can also consist of ceramic.
  • the molded body 6 lies with its outer sides 7, 8 on the inner surfaces 9, 10 of the mold carriers 4, 5.
  • the inner surface 11 of the molded body 6 is profiled and corresponds at least essentially the outer contour of the casting 2.
  • the inner surface 11 of the molded body 6 forms thus a negative preform or an outer preform.
  • On the inside surface 11 of the molded body 6 is at least partially a layer 12 of the basic molding material 3 applied to form the casting cavity, not specified in detail.
  • the layer thickness varies from 0 mm to a maximum of 100 mm and can have any intermediate value without an enumeration in individual would be required.
  • the molded body 6 has a first one Molded body half 13 and a second molded body half 14.
  • the upper Molded body half 13 is attached to the upper mold carrier 4, while the lower mold half 14 is attached to the lower mold carrier 5.
  • the mold halves 13, 14 are in the state of the casting mold 1 in their outer edge region 15 on each other, so that the casting mold 1 is closed in this area.
  • the molded body 6 a A plurality of mold carrier segments 16, in particular of modular design having.
  • the modular structure makes it possible, if necessary, individual Shaped body segments 16 to add or remove to a variation of To achieve thickness of layer 12 to meet the requirements of directed solidification to meet.
  • modular also means that the shaped body segments 16 are constructed in a modular manner, that is to say the lengths, Widths and / or heights of the individual shaped body segments 16 one on the other their dimensions are matched, which means that a certain basic dimension n is provided and all dimensions are an integral multiple of the basic dimension n are.
  • the individual molded body elements 16 are each with the respective Mold carrier 4, 5 firmly connected.
  • molded body elements To arrange 16 on top of each other, it is understood that in this case the relevant molded body elements 16 attached to each other, in particular screwed are. Otherwise, the shaped body segments can be on the outer sides 7, 8 16 and on the inner surfaces 9, 10 of the mold carriers 4, 5 corresponding Guide elements, such as pegs and grooves, can be provided to a exact positioning of the individual shaped body segments 16 or the shaped body halves 13, 14 to ensure the mold carriers 4, 5. Because of the modular structure of the molded body 6, it is easily possible to corresponding Always suitable guide or positioning elements on the relevant one To provide components.
  • the shaped body segments 16 are as massive blocks executed.
  • the massive execution leads to a comparatively heavy weight of both the top box 17, which results from the upper mold carrier 4, the upper mold body half 13 and the applied Layer 3 composed, as well as the lower box 18, the lower Mold carrier 5, the lower mold body half 14 and that applied thereon Layer 12 has.
  • one is comparative high weight of the top box is an advantage.
  • the mold 1 is used in low pressure casting.
  • the mold 1 is filled from below, namely via a Opening 19, usually referred to as a gate, in the lower mold carrier 5. Due to the massive design of the upper half of the molded body 13 and that the resulting high dead weight can cause the upper box to “float” 17 can be prevented during casting. Additional means of holding down the upper box 17 or a clamping of the mold 1 can be saved.
  • Fixing aids 20 are, for example, projections in the manner of monier iron, a loosening of the molding sand due to vibrations prevent in the foundry. Instead of monier iron, it is fundamental also possible, fixing aids in the manner of surface profiling of the inner surface 11 of the molded body 6 to provide a better connection of the To obtain basic molding material 3 with the shaped body 6.
  • the molded body 6 itself or the individual molded body segments 16 exist preferably made of a high temperature resistant material, such as in particular Graphite, tungsten carbide or steel. Such a choice of materials is in the Rule required because the molded body 6 is subject to high thermal stress subject to casting. In contrast, the mold carriers 4, 5 can cheaper materials are made because of the thermal stress of this Components are usually significantly lower.
  • a high temperature resistant material such as in particular Graphite, tungsten carbide or steel.
  • cooling segment 21 is both one cooling segment each on the upper mold carrier 4 and on the lower mold carrier 5 21 attached. Due to the direct attachment of the cooling segments 21 on the mold carriers 4, 5 there is an exact positioning of these segments, what with regard to a controlled solidification especially with thin-walled Castings is of considerable importance.
  • Draw the cooling segments 21 is characterized by the fact that at least some areas do not have a layer 12 on them Mold base material 3 is applied and therefore from the cooling segments 21 heat energy is dissipated very quickly. Ultimately, it is the Cooling segments 21 around molded body segments 16, which are not or only partially heat insulating molding material 3 is applied.
  • the basic molding material 3 is included different layer thickness on the molded body 6 or the inner surface 11 applied.
  • the layer thickness is greater, so that there is a heat insulating Effect.
  • the layer thickness very low or in these areas it is entirely based on molding material 3, as in the embodiments according to the figures 11 and 12 in the area of the cooling segments 21 is the case.
  • the thickness of layer 12 can meet the requirements of directed solidification accordingly, taking into account the wall thickness of the casting to be cast 1 can be set and thus optimized.
  • the basic molding material 3 even pneumatically, in particular through air pulses, i.e. with high Speed and at high pressure, on the inner surface 11 of the molded body 6 applied.
  • the basic molding material 3 is quasi on the shaped body 6 shot up. In this way, the desired one can be set exactly and in the shortest possible time Realize layer thickness.
  • the Mold base 3 on the molded body 6 are not shown in the molded body 6 Openings with a small opening width for discharging air in the case of airflow assisted Application of the basic molding material 3 is provided.
  • the basic mold 3 is fully automatic in the desired layer thickness, which is usually is in the one-digit centimeter range, applied due to the binder contained in the raw material 3, a very quickly Consolidation results. Because of this way of making the negative mold achieve very short cycle times for the production of the mold 1, especially only a very small amount of molding base 3 on the molding 6 must be brought.
  • the mold carriers 4, 5 are each plate-shaped as so-called base plates. Ultimately take over the base plates merely the supporting function for the molded body 6, which can be any size, but not over the base plates should survive.
  • the invention thus offers the possibility of standardized To use base plates on which, depending on the cast part to be produced, larger ones or smaller shaped bodies 6 are attached. Because of the plate-shaped Forming the mold carriers 4, 5, these only form the upper and lower Completion of the casting mold 1.
  • the casting mold 1 is on the side through the molded body 6 or the superimposed mold body halves 13, 14 limited.
  • the mold 1 in addition to low-pressure casting, also for gravity and Die casting as well as for tilt casting can be used.
  • the insert 22 made of heat-resistant Provide material as shown in Figure 12.
  • the stake can consist of molded raw material or commercially available insulating materials. It is not shown that the insert 22 is basically also on the outside can survive.
  • the opening 19 is provided with cooling.
  • the cooling has at least one guided past the gate and preferably essentially surrounding cooling channel 23 for guiding a cooling medium.
  • the cooling duct 23 is located in the lower mold carrier 5, see above that this and in particular the area of the opening 19 is cooled. Procedurally, cooling is activated towards the end of the casting process. The resulting cooling effect is used to build up a controlled solidification or used to set a rapid solidification in the area of the opening 19. The rapid solidification in the area of the opening 19 is necessary in order to Using short cycle times, the still liquid metal runs out of the To prevent opening 19.
  • As cooling media supplied via the cooling channel 23 and preferably carried out in a cycle all suitable gaseous or liquid materials can be used.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show that one of the mold carriers is present on the lower mold carrier 5, means for coupling with the associated Pouring device are provided.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show that both on the upper mold carrier 4 and on the lower mold carrier 5 guide means 25, 26 are provided in order to be able to move and position the mold carriers 4, 5 in a simple manner.
  • the guide means 25 around an elongated, laterally protruding from the lower mold carrier 5 Leading projection, while the guide means 26 is a A plurality of laterally protruding guide pieces.
  • the manufacture of a casting mold 1 is carried out in such a way that first on the respective Mold carrier 4, 5, the molded body segments 16 and with the help of appropriate Positioning or form-locking means are positioned exactly. Then the shaped body segments 16 with the respective mold carrier 4, 5 firmly connected. Then the basic molding material 3 is dependent on the wall thickness of the casting to be produced required layer thickness applied pneumatically by air pulses. The required layer thickness
  • the expert is responsible for achieving a controlled solidification Taking into account his expertise based on the above parameters. Basically, it applies that in areas where as late as possible solidification is to take place, a large layer thickness is selected while very low in areas where the melt should solidify quickly until there should be no layer thickness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
EP03007102A 2002-05-10 2003-03-28 Giessform zur Herstellung eines Gussteils unter Verwendung von Formgrundstoff Expired - Lifetime EP1361009B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10221074 2002-05-10
DE10221074A DE10221074B4 (de) 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Gießform zur Herstellung eines Gußteils unter Verwendung von Formgrundstoff und Verwendung einer solchen Gießform

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1361009A1 EP1361009A1 (de) 2003-11-12
EP1361009B1 true EP1361009B1 (de) 2004-08-11

Family

ID=27762995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03007102A Expired - Lifetime EP1361009B1 (de) 2002-05-10 2003-03-28 Giessform zur Herstellung eines Gussteils unter Verwendung von Formgrundstoff

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6892788B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP1361009B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP3991316B2 (pt)
AT (1) ATE273091T1 (pt)
DE (3) DE10221074B4 (pt)
ES (1) ES2225806T3 (pt)
PL (1) PL205834B1 (pt)
PT (1) PT1361009E (pt)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10352180B4 (de) * 2003-11-05 2006-03-02 Dihag Deutsche Giesserei- Und Industrie-Holding Ag Gießverfahren zur Herstellung eines Gußteils
US7900684B2 (en) * 2007-07-16 2011-03-08 Waukesha Foundry, Inc. In-place cope molding for production of cast metal components
EA023525B1 (ru) * 2008-05-28 2016-06-30 Асхланд-Зюдхеми-Кернфест Гмбх Покрывающая композиция для литейных форм и стержней для литья металлов, литейная форма для литья металлов и способ ее изготовления
DE102010010097A1 (de) * 2010-03-01 2011-09-01 Esw Gmbh Kompakter Laser-Entfernungsmesser
EP4302898A1 (de) * 2022-07-04 2024-01-10 Nemak, S.A.B. de C.V. Verfahren zum giessen eines gussteils aus einer leichtmetallschmelze sowie kernpaket, gussteil und giessvorrichtung
PL441972A1 (pl) * 2022-08-08 2023-07-10 Krakodlew Spółka Akcyjna Sposób pionowego zalewania form wielkogabarytowych masywnych odlewów płytowych

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3210588A1 (de) * 1982-03-23 1983-10-06 Hans Uwe Dr Ing Ehlbeck Giessform zum herstellen von metallgussstuecken
DE3323697C1 (de) * 1983-07-01 1985-02-28 Gerhard 5905 Freudenberg Müller-Späth Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Giessstueckes in einer Giessform
JPH0647149B2 (ja) * 1986-03-20 1994-06-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 鋳型およびその鋳型を用いた減圧鋳造方法
JPH0787966B2 (ja) * 1987-02-24 1995-09-27 本田技研工業株式会社 複合鋳型
DE3806987A1 (de) * 1988-03-03 1989-09-14 Thyssen Industrie Verfahren zur herstellung von gussstuecken nach dem wachsausschmelzverfahren
US5092390A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-03-03 Cmi International, Inc. Method and mold for sand casting varying thickness articles
US5213149A (en) * 1991-10-10 1993-05-25 Cmi International, Inc. Mold and method for making variable thickness cast articles
DE10032843B4 (de) * 2000-07-06 2004-11-25 Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von dünnwandigen Leichtmetallgussteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040003910A1 (en) 2004-01-08
ES2225806T3 (es) 2005-03-16
DE10221074A1 (de) 2004-01-08
PT1361009E (pt) 2004-11-30
JP2003326337A (ja) 2003-11-18
DE10221074B4 (de) 2004-08-05
PL359980A1 (en) 2003-11-17
ATE273091T1 (de) 2004-08-15
PL205834B1 (pl) 2010-05-31
EP1361009A1 (de) 2003-11-12
DE50300049D1 (de) 2004-09-16
JP3991316B2 (ja) 2007-10-17
DE20305664U1 (de) 2003-08-14
US6892788B2 (en) 2005-05-17

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