EP1353018B1 - Schichtwerkstoff für Wärmeisolierung, sein Herstellungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung - Google Patents

Schichtwerkstoff für Wärmeisolierung, sein Herstellungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1353018B1
EP1353018B1 EP03290855A EP03290855A EP1353018B1 EP 1353018 B1 EP1353018 B1 EP 1353018B1 EP 03290855 A EP03290855 A EP 03290855A EP 03290855 A EP03290855 A EP 03290855A EP 1353018 B1 EP1353018 B1 EP 1353018B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
strip
outer layers
station
layers
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EP03290855A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1353018A1 (de
Inventor
Serge Branlant
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Bubble and Foam Industries
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Bubble and Foam Industries
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/806—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with air or gas pockets included in the slab

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayer material for thermal insulation and sound insulation, and a method of manufacturing such a material and a device for its implementation.
  • This type of material is widely used in the building sector, both for the construction and renovation of premises. It is well known, for example, that the roof of a building constitutes a zone of significant heat loss if it is improperly insulated.
  • glass wool mattresses are known in particular.
  • Glass wool has a low thermal conductivity because of the high proportion of air it contains and the discontinuity of its fibrous material.
  • the glass fibers impede the flow of air within the mattress and thus prevent the formation of convection currents.
  • glass wool mattresses have disadvantages. They are permeable to water and steam and, therefore, are likely to be wet by water infiltration and condensation. Once wet, a glass wool mattress loses much of its insulating properties because its thermal conductivity increases strongly.
  • Another disadvantage is the thickness of these insulating materials, which must reach 20 cm to obtain effective insulation. Thus, when such a material is inserted into the wall of a building, this thickness results in a loss of living area.
  • Such a thickness also limits the permissible curvature of the glass wool mat so that it does not adapt optimally to the shapes of the walls to be insulated and must be the subject of connections in the corners.
  • the glass wool also loses its insulating character if it is unduly packed.
  • glass wool can induce respiratory diseases in the same way as asbestos, although in a less acute manner.
  • this layer of air must be carefully adjusted: too thin, it allows a significant thermal conduction; too thick, it allows the establishment of convective currents that promote heat exchange. An air thickness of about 15 mm is considered optimal.
  • the rigidity of the aluminum films used prevents this material from conforming to the shapes of the walls to be insulated.
  • the aluminum sheets of this material are welded through the plastic films along parallel lines spaced a few centimeters from each other. At these welding lines, the material is completely crushed, so that these lines of welds constitute as many thermal bridges through which conductive heat leaks are important.
  • this material has no ability to sound insulation, the rigidity of aluminum sheets promoting the reflection of sounds.
  • the document FR 2 792 668 proposes a multilayer insulating complex comprising twenty-three layers welded together at the edges.
  • this document suggests to insert a polypropylene ribbon at the location of the welds.
  • One of the disadvantages of this complex in addition to its great thickness and its high cost, lies in the complete crushing of the layers of the material at the level of the weld lines. This crushing favors losses by conduction by creating thermal bridges.
  • Document FR 2 797 675 discloses a multilayer laminated material intended for thermal insulation, comprising a core including at least one wadding layer formed of nonwoven polyester fibers inserted between two reflecting aluminum sheets.
  • this material is also vulnerable to liquid water penetration or vapor condensation.
  • the assembly of the different layers by gluing makes it difficult to recycle this material at the end of its life.
  • US 4726974 relates to a compressed glass fiber board having a defined shape and placed under vacuum.
  • US 3264165 relates to an insulator whose interior is completely filled with a low thermal conductivity gas such as monofluorotrichloromethane and whose casing is protected by a thick resilient polyurethane foam coating.
  • the document US 4985106 discloses a thermal insulation and sound insulation panel for the isolation of household electrical equipment such as a dishwasher.
  • the panel is comprised of a fiberglass insulation mat disposed between an upper polyethylene film and a lower polyethylene film whose edges are sealed to completely enclose the insulation blanket.
  • an anti-vibratory pad of predetermined size and contour is applied to or in the insulation board.
  • the present invention aims to create a thermal insulation material that solves at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention provides a multilayer laminate material according to claim 1.
  • said outer layers have a greater width than said core so as to each comprise at least one marginal zone protruding laterally with respect to at least one of said edges of the core, said marginal zones being assembled in a sealed manner without pinch said soul.
  • the combination of the reflective outer layers and at least one fibrous and / or cellular plastic layer is insulating against all forms of heat transfer, namely radiation, conduction and convection.
  • the outer layers can be made of any material impermeable to liquid and gas, such as metals and plastics.
  • one or both outer layers comprises (s) a metallized plastic film, for example metallized polyethylene by vacuum deposition.
  • a metallized plastic film for example metallized polyethylene by vacuum deposition.
  • Such a film is, at equal thickness, less fragile, more flexible and less expensive than a metal sheet.
  • the outer layers are sealingly connected all around the insulating core without pinching said core.
  • the tight assembly of impervious outer layers prevents water and vapor from entering the core of the material, so that degradation and aging generally caused by water leakage and condensation are effectively avoided.
  • the assembly of impermeable outer layers without pinching the core avoids creating thermal bridges at the assembly areas of the outer layers, so that the created material has insulating characteristics uniform throughout its extent.
  • At least one of said outer layers is reinforced by a fiber mesh.
  • This mesh improves the mechanical strength of the outer layer against tearing. It can be made for example of fiberglass or nylon, preferably on the outer side of the outer layers.
  • the core is made by including fibrous material and / or foam material so as to have low thermal conductivity.
  • Fibrous materials for example wadding, and alveolar, for example foams, limit transfers by conduction and convection. Indeed, these materials trap a high proportion of air.
  • the fibrous material has a strongly discontinuous material structure, which gives it a low thermal conductivity.
  • the fibers interfere with the establishment of convective air currents within the layer of fibrous material.
  • the synthetic material also has the advantage of not attracting pests, insects, rodents and others, and not to present the harmfulness of mineral fibers such as fiberglass fibers.
  • the core comprises a plurality of layers of material including at least one layer of fibrous synthetic material, at least one foamed plastic layer and at least one layer of metallized plastic film.
  • a combination of layers has a good insulating nature for the reasons mentioned above.
  • the closed-cell plastic layers allow to imprison an almost static layer of air, so that they also have a low thermal conductivity.
  • the cellular material is a plastic film with closed air bubbles. The bubbles are preferably chosen to be smaller than 15 mm in order to effectively oppose the convection movements within them.
  • said plurality of layers of material include at least two reflective film layers arranged on either side of said at least one fibrous and / or cellular plastic layer.
  • These layers of materials are also chosen because of their flexibility, which makes it possible to obtain an insulating material which is easy to package, for example in rolls, easy to apply and precisely matches the geometry of the walls to be insulated.
  • said insulating core comprises several layers of synthetic foam, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, to improve the sound insulation.
  • the sound insulation provided by the material can be further improved by multiplying the number of layers included in the core, for example up to sixteen layers, and by providing several layers of synthetic foam foam interposed between layers of fibrous material and / or or reflective film.
  • the core is not attached to the outer layers over substantially the entire extent of the material, except possibly at one or both end edges.
  • said core comprises a plurality of layers of material that are not fixed together over substantially the entire extent of said material, except possibly at one or two end edges.
  • the material according to the invention has a thickness of less than 40 mm, preferably less than 25 mm. Such a thickness is generally quite sufficient to ensure satisfactory insulation, thanks to the excellent insulating properties of materials used.
  • the use of the material according to the invention for isolating the walls of a building makes it possible to make appreciable gains in floor area, compared with the use of thick insulators such as glass wool.
  • the material has the form of a strip, said outer layers being assembled at least along the edges of said strip extending longitudinally.
  • the realization of the material in strip form facilitates the automation of its manufacturing process and makes it possible to package the material into practical rolls to be transported and used.
  • At least one adhesive film sealingly closes said outer layers at at least one of the longitudinal end edges of the band without pinching said core.
  • the outer layers comprise a sheet of material impervious to liquid and gas folded around one of said edges of the core so as to cover the two faces of said core, said marginal zones of the outer layers including two marginal zones of said sheet opposite to the fold zone.
  • each of said outer layers comprises a sheet of liquid and distinct gas-impermeable material covering a respective face of said core and having two marginal areas protruding beyond said two opposite edges of said soul, the marginal areas facing each other said respective sheets being assembled tightly without pinching said core.
  • the material of the outer layers is a weldable material and said outer layers are joined by one or more welding lines, preferably by ultrasonic welding.
  • the invention also provides a method of manufacturing a multilayer laminate material according to claim 13.
  • the invention also provides a device for implementing the aforementioned manufacturing method, according to claim 15.
  • a closure station arranged between said cutting station and said conditioning station and adapted to laterally fix at least one sealing strip on at least one of the two multilayer strip edges created by said lateral cutout for sealingly connecting said outer layers at said edge.
  • At least one sizing station disposed immediately downstream of at least one roller support and comprising a sizing table adapted to support adjacent two end portions of the flexible material.
  • strip-shaped corresponding to said roller support and clamping means adapted to fix said end portions securely on said gluing table when said towing station is inactive.
  • At least one multiple loading station comprising at least two adjacent roller supports, for example juxtaposed or superimposed, able to support similar rollers and associated with the same gluing station.
  • a discharge member arranged between said cutting station and said conditioning station and adapted to expel excess air from said multilayer web before winding on said rotary axis.
  • the material is in the form of a web 1 in the form of a packaged web roll 18.
  • the width may be 10 to 15 m long for a width of the order of 1.5 m.
  • This material is manufactured in the following manner: there is a lower outer layer 2 in the form of a strip having for example a width of 1600 or 1650 mm and a total thickness of 12 to 23 microns.
  • the lower outer layer 2 is made of complex polyethylene film having several layers in its thickness, namely tensile strata and several layers of metallization to obtain a very high reflection coefficient.
  • This complex film is covered by vacuum deposition of an aluminum layer on the outer face or on both sides.
  • the metallized faces of the film are also coated with an antioxidant treatment to prevent blackening of the aluminum layer.
  • the outer face or the two faces of the outer layer 2 have a reflective surface, with an intensity reflection factor of up to 92% when the surfaces are free of stains and scratches and usually remain greater than 55%. in use. Films of this type are used for example in the space industry.
  • the lower outer layer 2 carries a fiberglass mesh 3 to improve its mechanical strength.
  • the composition of the core 4 is chosen so as to obtain a flexible structure. It will be described below with reference to examples.
  • the core 4 is disposed in the middle of the lower outer layer 2 so as to allow two lateral marginal zones 2a of the lower outer layer 2 not covered by the core 4 to protrude.
  • a top outer layer 5 is provided on the core 4 identical to the lower outer layer 2 and well aligned with the lower outer layer 2, so as to completely cover the core 4 and to allow two lateral marginal zones 5a of the layer to protrude external upper 5 which are superimposed on the two lateral marginal zones 2a of the lower outer layer 2.
  • the superimposed marginal zones 2a and 5a are sealed together with two ultrasonic weld lines 6 or with bonding lines.
  • Gluing is particularly preferred when the inner surface of the outer layers 2 and 5 is metallized, because the weld is then ineffective.
  • a water-vapor-tight adhesive is then used, for example a thermosetting glue commonly used in the building industry for concrete-glass assemblies.
  • the assembly of the two outer layers 2 and 5 is made beyond the edge of the core 4 so as not to pinch the core 4, while ensuring a tight wrapping thereof. In other words, the core 4 is not crushed substantially in its thickness but can only weakly float between said outer layers.
  • the width 1 of material thus formed is wound on an axis (not shown) extending laterally with respect thereto to obtain a roll packaging.
  • the width 1 is cut to a fixed length, for example about 10 to 15 m.
  • the various layers forming the core 4 are simply superimposed without assemblies between them. Similarly, the outer layers 2 and 5 are not assembled to the core 4. However, to prevent disintegration of the material during a subsequent cutting of the width 1 near its ends, a spot assembly of all the layers of the core 4 and the outer layers 2 and 5 is formed at the two longitudinal ends of the width 1. For this, several ultrasonic welding points 7 are made along a lateral line a few centimeters from each longitudinal end edge of the width 1. The weld points 7 are made throughout the thickness of the width 1. For example, they are spaced about 100 mm from each other.
  • the process described above is carried out continuously in an automated manner.
  • the raw materials to form the outer layers 2 and 5 and the core 4 are arranged in the form of rollers at a first end of the production line. These rolls are unwound at constant speed and the different layers of raw material are guided so as to be superimposed in the desired layout.
  • Downstream, when the superposition is performed the assembly of the outer layers 2 and 5 is made at a first welding station having two heads on either side of the web.
  • the width is rolled at a constant speed on an axis.
  • a scroll sensor measures the length of wound material to control at a fixed interval a second welding station which produces two sets of weld points 7 along two spaced parallel side lines. The width 1 is then cut between these two lines.
  • the width 1 thus manufactured may have openings between the weld points 7 at the longitudinal end edges 13, only one of which is shown. However, it is essential for the effectiveness of the insulating material that the user tightly closes the ends 13 of the width 1 during the subsequent laying, as will be explained below.
  • the width 1 is closed sealingly from manufacture by means of two closure strips 14 and 15.
  • 14 and 15 are made of aluminum foil 10 to 12 micrometers thick reinforced with glass fibers. They are glued on the web 1 and between them by means of the aforementioned thermosetting adhesive, which is coated on their respective inner surface. More specifically, the closure strips 14 and 15 are glued in the transverse direction of the width 1 after cutting thereof at the end 13. They have for example a width of about 30 mm.
  • the strip 14 is bonded astride the outer layer 5, so as to adhere to it by an edge zone 14a, then the remaining portion of the strip 14 is folded by means of a roller substantially perpendicular to the outer layer 5 so as to adhere by a median zone 14b to the edge of the core 4, about half a thickness thereof.
  • the same is done with the strip 15 from the outer layer 2.
  • the edge areas 14c and 15c of the strips 14 and 15, opposite to the edge areas 14a and 15a are glued against each other by their surfaces. internal to form a tongue 16, which protrudes substantially perpendicularly to the edge of the width 1 at its half thickness, for example about 15 mm.
  • the tongue 16 can be used to fix the width 1 to the axis around which it is wound at the end of the manufacturing process.
  • the web 1 thus manufactured has outer layers 2 and 5 sealingly connected over their entire periphery without pinching the core 4. However, it remains essential for the user to seal the ends of the widths that he cuts for the pose, as will be explained below.
  • the material is manufactured in the following manner: a strip 8 is provided in a material identical to that constituting the outer layers 2 and 5 of the first embodiment of realization.
  • the multilayer core 4, which has a width less than half the width of the strip 8, is disposed on a lateral half of the strip 8, so as to leave a marginal zone 2a of the strip 8 protruding laterally with respect to a 4a edge of the multilayer core 4.
  • Half of the web 8 supporting the core 4 is intended to form the lower outer layer 2 of the material.
  • the strip 8 is folded on itself along the opposite edge 4b of the core 4, without pinching the edge 4b, so that the other half of the strip 8 forms an upper outer layer 5 which covers the core 4.
  • the upper outer layer 5 has a marginal zone 5a protruding laterally with respect to the edge 4a of the multilayer core 4 so as to be superimposed on the lower marginal zone 2a.
  • the width obtained is wound and cut to the desired length, and a point assembly of the layers is made similarly at the longitudinal ends.
  • This second embodiment is particularly suitable for producing widths of smaller width than the first embodiment, for example of the order of 1 m wide.
  • compositions of the multilayer core 4 which can be combined with the two aforementioned embodiments are now given.
  • the core 4 has five layers: in the center, a layer of bubble film 12 with a thickness of about 10 mm, with a bubble diameter of about 18 mm; on either side thereof, a reflective film 11 of polyethylene coated on both sides with an aluminum deposit and an antioxidant treatment, having a total thickness of 23 micrometers; outside each of the two films 11, a cotton polyester layer 10 having a thickness of about 5 mm, weighing for example 45g / m 2, preferably 60 to 70 g / m 2.
  • the bubble film 12 traps a layer of air in and between its bubbles, to a thickness of about 10 mm, similar to the layer of air trapped in a double glazing.
  • the insulating material thus produced has a total thickness of substantially 20 mm and is equivalent, in terms of thermal insulation, to a 200 mm thick glass wool mat. In the application to the insulation of a housing, such a reduction in thickness, with constant insulation, represents a gain in floor area of about 3%. In addition, the heat capacity of the material is much lower than that of the equivalent glass wool mat.
  • the insulating material thus produced is light, flexible, easy to install, rot-proof, harmless because it burns without flame, and indigestible for insects, rodents and other animals inhabiting the attic of houses. It also has sound insulation characteristics.
  • the core 4 has nine layers: in the center, a layer of bubble film with a thickness of 10 mm, with a bubble diameter of about 18 mm; on either side of it, a first polyethylene reflective film coated on both sides with an aluminum deposit and an antioxidant treatment, the film having a total thickness of 23 micrometers; on the outside of each of the first reflective films, a layer of polyethylene foam 1 mm thick; on the outside of each of the foam layers, a second reflective film identical to the first; outside each of the second reflecting films, a polyester batting layer 10 with a thickness of 5 mm, weighing 45 g / m 2 or 60-70 g / m 2 preferably.
  • the insulating material thus produced has a total thickness of substantially 20 mm and has similar advantages to that of Example 1, the thermal and sound insulation obtained being further improved.
  • the core 4 is made as in Example 2 above, the central bubble film being replaced by four layers of laminated polyethylene foam together and assembled, each having 2 mm thickness.
  • the material obtained has a total thickness of substantially 22 to 25 mm. It is slightly stiffer than in the previous examples, but remains fit for roll packaging on a larger diameter axis, for example about 300mm. It can also be packaged in accordion. It is intended more particularly to fulfill the dual function of thermal and acoustic insulation and provides an attenuation of about -40 dB.
  • the core 4 is made as in Example 2 above, the two layers of polyethylene foam 1 mm thick are replaced by four layers of polyethylene foam each having 1.5 mm thickness.
  • the sound insulation reaches -52dB.
  • the composition of the core 4 can easily be modified without changing the manufacturing process in depth.
  • some layers of the core 4 may also be secured, for example by gluing.
  • the material is packaged in roll to be easily cut to the desired length by the user, for example with scissors. Of course, it can only be cut along a lateral line, and cutting along a longitudinal line is excluded.
  • the material is intended to be laid in parallel widths of substantial length, preferably greater than 2 m, preferably providing a covering of adjacent widths over a width of 10 to 100 mm. For widths of this length, the friction and the spontaneous adhesion between the core 4 and the outer layers 2 and 5 is sufficient to prevent them from separating. Just be careful to grasp the full thickness of the material when handling it. When the cut of the original width leaves a short drop at the end, the weld points 7 and / or the closure strips 14 and 15 prevent this fall from disintegrating.
  • the material on the wall to be insulated can be fixed using any known means.
  • a two-sided tape can be used.
  • stapling is a simple and versatile method of attachment.
  • the staples perforate the external layers punctually, these damage to the outer layers are not critical because of the small number of perforations relative to the surface of the material, for example because of a staple every meter of length on both sides of the width, and because of the minimal size of the gap between the staple and the edge of the perforation of the outer layer.
  • the thermal bridges generated by the clips have a limited influence on the insulation performance of the material because of their small section. However, their effect is further reduced when stapling is performed in the lateral overlap area of the widths.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B represent a single machine consisting of a plurality workstations carefully aligned, over a total distance of the order of 30 m for example.
  • the representation of this machine in two figures is only for brevity.
  • the towing station 20 shown in the two figures indicates the manner in which they are linked and need not be duplicated in reality.
  • the machine comprises a plurality of roll supports 21 to 27.
  • the raw materials for manufacture of the multilayer insulating material are flexible materials in rolls of suitable width.
  • the supports 21, 22, 24 and 25 carry, for example, rolls of a polyester wadding of width 1550 mm.
  • the support 23 carries for example a reflective film roll metallized polyethylene complex of the same width.
  • the supports 26 and 27 carry wider rollers for the outer layers, for example of width 1650mm.
  • the machine From upstream to downstream, in the direction of travel imposed by the towing station 20, the machine also comprises a welding station 30, the towing station 20 and then, with reference to FIG. 8B, a cutting station 40, a closure station 50 and a packing station 60.
  • the roll supports 21 and 22 are superimposed in a double loading station 28.
  • the roll supports 24 and 25 are also superimposed in a double loading station 28.
  • Each sizing table 29 comprises a support plate 31 and, on its upstream edge, a pair of clamping rollers 32. The rolls of raw material are mounted idle on the corresponding supports.
  • the raw material web passes over the gluing table 29 by being inserted between the pair of clamp rollers 32, and is deflected by a deflection roller 33 onto a horizontal guide track 70 consisting of a plurality of aligned guide supports 34. From the upstream to the downstream, the raw materials coming from the various roll supports are thus superimposed on the guide path 70.
  • the roll supports, the associated gluing tables 29 and the return rollers 33 are carefully aligned to produce a substantially centered and parallel superimposition of all overlapping material bands.
  • the multilayer strip 36 intended to constitute the insulating core of the material is deflected and driven on a table 37 supporting both the welding station 30 and the towing station 20.
  • the roll supports 26 and 27 are respectively disposed above and below the plane of the table 37.
  • the material of the outer layers is unwound on the upper face and the lower face of the multilayer strip respectively 36.
  • the outer layers thus form a margin of 50 mm on each side of the multilayer strip 36.
  • the welding station 30 has four ultrasonic welding heads which form two parallel longitudinal weld lines on each side of the material 38 at the marginal areas of the outer layers.
  • the various strips of material forming the insulating core are not bonded to each other or to the outer layers. All of the material thus formed passes into the towing station 20 which consists of four pairs of drive rollers which press the strip of multilayer insulating material 38 so as to pull it in the direction of travel indicated by the arrow 41.
  • the cutting station 40 is arranged downstream of the towing station 20. It comprises a cutting tool 43 and two hydraulic presses 42 on either side thereof. For cutting, the movement of the material 38 is stopped, the hydraulic presses 42 press the strip of material 38 over its entire width and the cutting tool 43 completely cuts the web of material between the two hydraulic presses 42. 43 is a non-motorized steel wheel, mounted idle which is thus rotated by friction against the multilayer material 38 during the lateral cut. Between the towing station 20 and the cutting station 40, the strip of multilayer material 38 is pushed by the towing station 20 and is therefore not subjected to tension. The cutting therefore takes place in unstretched material.
  • the conditioning station 60 comprises a motorized rotary axis 46 for pulling the strip of multilayer material 38 in synchronization with the towing station 20. After the cutting by the station 40, the width of material 45 which is detached from the strip of material 38 , is drawn only at the level of the packing station 60.
  • the closure station 50 is arranged downstream of the cutting station 40. It also comprises two hydraulic presses 44 for locking the strip of material during closure.
  • the width 45 is wound around the axis 46 to form a roller 47.
  • the motor of the shaft 46 is stopped and the hydraulic presses 44 are applied to immobilize the width 45.
  • the closure tool 48 then closes the rear edge of the width 45 by two closure strips shown in detail in FIG. 4, at numerals 14 and 15.
  • the width 45 wraps around the axis 46, an excess of air is forced backward out of the outer layers welded. However, this air outlet is not possible after the rear edge has been closed by the closing tool 48. In this case, there is a risk of excess air remaining in the end portion of the width between stations 50 and 60.
  • an evacuation member may be provided, for example in the form of a pressing plate 53, which crushes the portion of width remaining between the stations 50 and 60 before closing the rear edge with the strips. closure.
  • An alternative solution is to omit the closure of the rear edge of the width 45 at the station 50 and to perform this closure manually after complete winding of the width on the roll 47.
  • Yet another alternative is to close, as described before, the rear edge of the width 45 in the station 50, then to punch two holes in the outer layers to allow the evacuation of air during the winding of the last portion of width. Such holes can then be closed manually by adhesive pads after winding.
  • the widths of material thus manufactured can be, for example, a length of 10 to 20 m.
  • the workstations 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 are automatically controlled by a programmed control unit.
  • a programmed control unit In Figures 8A and 8B, there is shown an operator 51 which monitors the smooth progress of the weld.
  • the machine can operate at a rate such that a 10 m width is manufactured in about 45 seconds by example, a scroll at 15m / min. However, the scrolling of the material must be stopped whenever one of the rolls of raw material is exhausted, both for the insulating core and for the outer layers.
  • dual loading device 28 comprises an upper roll holder and a lower roll holder which are associated with the same gluing table 29.
  • the two roll holders, 24 and 25 or 21 and 22, are used alternately, one can be recharged while the other is being unwound.
  • a roll of raw material is exhausted, it is replaced and made a connection using a sizing table 29. In a double post, the connection can be made immediately with the second roller already in place.
  • the towing station 20 stops scrolling at the towing station 20.
  • the final portion of the exhausted roll is positioned on the plate 31, the initial portion of the new roll is passed between the clamping rollers 32 and also positioned on the tray 31 to be glued on the aforementioned final portion.
  • the pair of rollers 32 is eccentrically mounted for manual or motorized clamping and loosening.
  • the rolls of raw material have predetermined lengths.
  • the roller supports 21 to 27 are provided with revolution counters, for example in the form of an optical detector which detects a marked mark at the end of the roll support mandrel.
  • the towing station 20 can be stopped before the exhaustion of a roll of raw material, for example when there remains a portion of about 60 cm around the mandrel.
  • the stopping of the towing station 20 is carried out according to a deceleration ramp to prevent the rolls of raw material from being dumped by inertia.
  • a roller braking device can also be provided.
  • the return rollers 33 are provided with force sensors which make it possible to verify that there is a tension on the strip of raw material which they respectively convey towards the guide path 70. Thus the breaking of a strip of raw material is detected by the voltage drop at the corresponding return roller 33.
  • the acceleration of the towing station 20 is also performed along a ramp to prevent rupture of the material webs or excessive stretching.
  • FIG. 8A represents an exemplary embodiment for which the insulating core has two layers of polyester wadding with a reflective film in the center.
  • the number of roll supports and multiple loading stations can be adapted at will, by extending the machine upstream and always checking the alignment, to make an insulating core with a greater number of layers.
  • a roll of polyester wadding may be 160 m in length and a reflective film roll, such as that mounted on the support 23, may be six to twelve km in length of material.
  • the welding station 30 may be replaced by a gluing assembly station operating in a similar manner.
  • the axis 46 of the conditioning station 60 can also be mounted crazy, in which case the winding of the final portion of the width is performed manually.

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  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Bandförmiges, mehrlagiges Schichtmaterial (1) zur Wärmeisolierung mit einem Kern (4) mit Lufteinschlüssen, der zwischen nachgiebigen oberen (5) und unteren (2) äußeren Lagen aus einem für Flüssigkeit undurchlässigen Material eingefügt ist, wobei das mehrlagige Schichtmaterial um eine quer zu dem Band verlaufende Achse aufgerollt werden kann, um in Form einer Rolle konditioniert zu werden, wobei die äußeren Lagen gasundurchlässig sind und reflektierende Außenflächen aufweisen und der Kern wenigstens eine Lage aus einem synthetischen faser- und/oder wabenartigen Material (10,12) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußeren Lagen dicht entlang von wenigstens zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern (4a, 4b) des Kerns miteinander verbunden sind, ohne den Kern einzuklemmen, und die äußeren Lagen wenigstens entlang der Ränder des sich in Längsrichtung erstreckenden Bandes miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die äußeren Lagen eine größere Breite als diejenige des Kerns aufweisen, so dass jede wenigstens einen Randbereich (2a, 5a) aufweist, der seitlich über wenigstens einen der Ränder des Kerns hinausragt, wobei die Randbereiche ohne Einklemmen des Kerns dicht zusammengefügt sind und der Kern mehrere Materiallagen aufweist, die so ausgewählt sind, dass sich eine nachgiebige Struktur ergibt.
  2. Material gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußeren Lagen um den gesamten Kern herum dicht verbunden sind, ohne den Kern einzuklemmen.
  3. Material gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine der äußeren Schichten durch ein Fasergeflecht (3) verstärkt ist.
  4. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Materiallagen wenigstens zwei Lagen eines reflektierenden Films (11) umfassen, die auf beiden Seiten der wenigstens einen Lage aus synthetischem faser- und/oder wabenartigen Material (12) angeordnet sind.
  5. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der isolierende Kern mehrere Lagen eines synthetischen wabenartigen Schaums zur Verbesserung der Geräuschdämmung aufweist.
  6. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern im Wesentlichen auf dem gesamten Bereich des Materials, gegebenenfalls abgesehen von einem oder zwei Außenrändern (13) des Bandes, nicht an den äußeren Lagen fixiert ist.
  7. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern mehrere Materiallagen aufweist, die im Wesentlichen auf dem gesamten Bereich des Materials, gegebenenfalls abgesehen von einem oder zwei Außenrändern (13) des Bandes, nicht untereinander fixiert sind.
  8. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Stärke von weniger als 40 mm, vorzugsweise weniger als 25 mm aufweist.
  9. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens einen Klebefilm (14, 15, 17) die äußeren Lagen (2, 5) auf Höhe von wenigstens einem der in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Außenränder (13) des Bandes dicht verschließt, ohne den Kern einzuklemmen.
  10. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der äußeren Lagen (2, 5) eine separate Folie aus einem für Flüssigkeit und Gas undurchlässigen Material umfasst, welche jeweils eine Fläche des Kerns bedeckt und zwei Randbereiche (2a, 5a) aufweist, die über die beiden gegenüberliegenden Ränder des Kerns hinausreichen, wobei die sich gegenüberliegenden Randbereiche der jeweiligen Folien dicht zusammengefügt sind, ohne den Kern einzuklemmen.
  11. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußeren Lagen (2, 5) eine Folie (8) aus einem für Flüssigkeit und Gas undurchlässigen Material umfassen, die um eine (4b) der Ränder des Kerns (4) so herum gefaltet ist, dass die beiden Flächen des Kerns bedeckt werden, wobei die Randbereiche der äußeren Lagen zwei Randbereiche (2a, 5a) der Folie umfassen, welche dem umgefalteten Bereich (9) gegenüber liegen.
  12. Material gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der äußeren Lagen (2, 5) ein schweißbares Material ist und dass die äußeren Lagen, vorzugsweise mittels Ultraschallschweißen, durch wenigstens eine Schweißnaht (6) zusammengefügt sind.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines bandförmigen, mehrlagigen Schichtmaterials zur Wärmeisolierung mit den Schritten:
    Anordnen jeweils einer weichen unteren äußeren Lage (2) und einer oberen äußeren Lage (5) auf den beiden entsprechenden Flächen eines isolierenden Kerns (4) in dem Luft mit eingeschlossen wird, wobei der isolierende Kern wenigstens eine Lage eines synthetischen faser- und/oder wabenartigen Materials enthält,
    Bilden jeder der äußeren Lagen aus einem für Flüssigkeit und Gas undurchlässigen Material, welches eine reflektierende Außenseite aufweist,
    Einrollen des Materials um eine im Wesentlichen quer zu dem Band verlaufende Achse, um eine Rolle zu bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die unteren und oberen äußere Lagen eine größere Breite als der isolierende Kern aufweisen, so dass jede wenigstens einen Randbereich (2a, 5a) aufweist, welcher seitlich über wenigstens eine Seite des isolierenden Kerns hinausragt, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte aufweist:
    dichtes Zusammenfügen der unteren und oberen äußeren Lagen entlang wenigstens einer in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Kante des Bandes, ohne den isolierenden Kern einzuklemmen, Herstellen des isolierenden Kerns mit mehreren Materiallagen, die so gewählt sind, dass man eine nachgiebige Struktur erhält.
  14. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den isolierenden Kern bildet, ohne die mehreren Materiallagen untereinander auf im Wesentlichen der gesamten Fläche des Materials zu fixieren.
  15. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Herstellungsverfahrens gemäß Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    mehrere Rollenhalter (21-25), die dazu vorgesehen sind, mehrere Rollen aus bandförmigem nachgiebigem Material, welches zur Bildung eines isolierenden Kerns dient, drehbar zu lagern,
    zwei Rollenhalter (26, 27), welche dazu vorgesehen sind, zwei Rollen aus einem bandförmigen nachgiebigen Material mit größerem Durchmesser, welches zur Bildung von zwei äußeren Lagen dient, drehbar zu lagern,
    Bandführungsmittel (32, 33, 34, 70), welche so ausgelegt sind, die bandförmigen nachgiebigen Materialien von den jeweiligen Rollenhaltern bis zu einer Schleppeinrichtung (20) zu führen, wobei die bandförmigen nachgiebigen Materialien parallel und im Wesentlichen zentriert in einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge mit den Materialien größerer Breite auf der Außenseite überlagert werden,
    wobei die Schleppeinrichtung (20) wenigstens ein Paar Rollenantriebe aufweist, welche das aus den übereinander angeordneten Materialien bestehende mehrlagige Band (38) greifen können, um es insgesamt in eine Aufrollrichtung (41) zu ziehen, wobei dabei die Rollen aus nachgiebigem Material abgespult werden,
    eine Zusammenfügeinrichtung (30), welche wenigstens eine dichte Verbindungsnaht zwischen den äußeren Lagen entlang der Aufrollrichtung auf jeder Seite des mehrlagigen Bandes erzeugen kann,
    eine Schneideinrichtung (40), die stromabwärts von der Zusammenfügeinrichtung angeordnet und so ausgelegt ist, dass sie das mehrlagige Band nach dem Abspulen einer bestimmten Länge des Bandes quer durchschneiden kann, und
    eine Konditioniereinrichtung (60), die stromabwärts von der Schneideinrichtung angeordnet ist und eine drehbare Achse (46) aufweist, die quer zu dem mehrlagigen Band orientiert ist, um die Bandlänge (45) aufzuwickeln.
  16. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem eine zwischen der Schneideinrichtung (40) und der Konditioniereinrichtung (60) angeordnete Verschlusseinrichtung (50) aufweist, welche ausgelegt ist, seitlich wenigstens ein dichtes Verschlussband (14, 15) auf wenigstens eine der beiden Kanten des mehrlagigen Bandes zu fixieren, welche durch den quer verlaufenden Schnitt erzeugt wurden, um die beiden äußeren Lagen auf Höhe der Kante dicht miteinander zu verbinden.
  17. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem eine Klebeeinrichtung (29) aufweist, die unmittelbar stromabwärts von wenigstens einem Rollenhalter (21, 22) angeordnet ist und einen Klebetisch (31) aufweist, der zwei Endabschnitte des entsprechenden bandförmigen Materials der entsprechenden Rollenhalter aneinandergrenzend trägt, sowie Klemmmittel (32), welche die Endabschnitte auf dem Klebetisch festhalten können, wenn die Schleppeinrichtung inaktiv ist.
  18. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem wenigstens eine Mehrfachbeladeeinrichtung (28) aufweist, welche wenigstens zwei benachbarte Rollenhalter (24, 25) umfasst, welche zwei gleichartige und zu der gleichen Klebeeinrichtung (29) gehörigen Rollen tragen kann.
  19. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem ein Absaugmittel (53) aufweist, welches zwischen der Schnitteinrichtung (40) und der Konditioniereinrichtung (60) angeordnet und so ausgelegt ist, dass sie einen Überschuss an Luft aus dem mehrlagigen Band vor dessen Aufrollen auf der drehbaren Achse (46) entfernen kann.
EP03290855A 2002-04-12 2003-04-07 Schichtwerkstoff für Wärmeisolierung, sein Herstellungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung Expired - Lifetime EP1353018B1 (de)

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FR0204575A FR2838466B1 (fr) 2002-04-12 2002-04-12 Materiau stratifie d'isolation thermique et son procede de fabrication
FR0204575 2002-04-12

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FR2967177B1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-12-07 Ati Groupe Isolant multicouche
US9132926B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2015-09-15 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for providing insulation
IT202000020293A1 (it) * 2020-08-20 2022-02-20 Giuseppe Librizzi Pannello di un condotto per il convogliamento di aria in un impianto di condizionamento ambientale, e relativi apparato e metodo per la realizzazione di detto pannello
CN114801264B (zh) * 2022-04-18 2023-12-15 苏州市月星建筑防水材料有限公司 一种聚酯复合防水卷材及其制备方法
FR3139837A1 (fr) * 2022-09-21 2024-03-22 A.D.I. Matelas ou nappe coupe-feu à lames d’air pour joint de dilatation

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US3264165A (en) * 1964-11-25 1966-08-02 Gen Motors Corp Insulating means
FR1462341A (fr) * 1965-10-20 1966-04-15 Panneaux et autres formes à double paroi et vide interne
US4313993A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-02-02 Mcglory Joseph J Laminated insulation
US4726974A (en) * 1986-10-08 1988-02-23 Union Carbide Corporation Vacuum insulation panel
US4985106B1 (en) * 1986-11-17 1997-06-17 Soltech Inc Insulation structure for appliances
CA1328724C (en) * 1988-04-15 1994-04-26 David K. Benson Compact vacuum insulation
FR2726886B1 (fr) 1994-11-15 1997-04-18 Riedel Paul Isolant thermique, phonique, decoratif
FR2792668B1 (fr) 1999-04-21 2002-01-18 Paul Riedel Isolant thermique et phonique global destine au batiment et capable de reduire tous les transferts d'energies et d'inconforts rencontres dans les habitations habitees, dans les locaux occupes, particulierement dans les combles
FR2797675B1 (fr) 1999-08-18 2001-10-12 Serge Bedet Materiau composite d'isolation et son procede de fabrication

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ES2262953T3 (es) 2006-12-01
DE60306007D1 (de) 2006-07-27
ATE330081T1 (de) 2006-07-15
FR2838466A1 (fr) 2003-10-17
EP1353018A1 (de) 2003-10-15

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