EP1350569A1 - Abfalltrennvorrichtung - Google Patents
Abfalltrennvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1350569A1 EP1350569A1 EP02405257A EP02405257A EP1350569A1 EP 1350569 A1 EP1350569 A1 EP 1350569A1 EP 02405257 A EP02405257 A EP 02405257A EP 02405257 A EP02405257 A EP 02405257A EP 1350569 A1 EP1350569 A1 EP 1350569A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hammers
- waste
- outlet
- shaft
- organic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
- B02C13/284—Built-in screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/288—Ventilating, or influencing air circulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for separating waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Blend of biodegradable material and contaminants represent, e.g. Waste from restaurants or so-called Organic waste, i. separately collected household waste, the biological is degradable.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device that provides improved separation of waste, which is essentially a mixture consist of organic material and contaminants, in particular from market waste, into an organic fraction and a Contaminant content permitted.
- a known device for shredding waste is the hammer mill. In essence, it consists of one as Sieve trained housing in which a shaft rotates to the hammers are movably attached. An exit of the Material from the hammer mill is only for the Share possible, which crushed to the Siebporenweite has been. For the separation of market waste one can output side opening of the housing considered become. In practice, however, it is observed that the Contaminant content of market waste in such a Hammer mill but so strong the crushing effect is subject to an impermissibly high proportion of impurities in the organic fraction occurs. Examples are for it Broken glass, hard plastic, called stones.
- waste Waste mixtures called a mixture of organic and impurity proportion.
- the plant 1 for the separation of waste according to FIG. 1 has a feed shaft 2, to which an ascending Transport spiral 4 connects. It flows into the Zubuchschacht 6 Hammermühlenseparators 8, the Also called “separator” for short.
- the slope of the Transport spiral 4 is about 15 °.
- the end of the spiral 4 is designed as a screw to the formation of a so-called.
- the pin 47 at the end of the transport spiral 4 forms the seal against the supporting air, which can be supplied via the fan duct 12.
- the Separatorzucht is, as can be seen in Fig. 4, attached approximately tangentially to the separator housing 14, and Although in the direction of rotation (arrow 9), so that the falling Well conveyed by the hammers 18 in the separator becomes.
- the fan 10 has a capacity of a few cubic meters / min. on, for example, 15 m 3 / min.
- the nominal pressure of the blower is in the range of a few kilopascals, eg 3 - 4 kPa.
- the transport spiral 4 discharges laterally into the Separator feed shaft 6, while the fan duct 12 above is connected to the separator feed slot 6.
- Fig. 2 shows an enlarged side view of Separators 8 with cut separator housing 14.
- Im Separator housing 14 is the shaft 16 with the Hammering 18. Of the hammers are only the last three the others are represented by the spiral lines 19 indicated, according to which the hammers 18 on the shaft 16 are arranged. In the example, the hammers convert 18 to two 180 ° offset spirals.
- the separator housing 14, which in the Is substantially tubular, has in the upper Part on a substantially smooth surface. Below is to see them with a screen 21. To the screening part 21 joins a shaft 23 and a tank 25 at. The Tank 25 is for the storage of the separated organic fraction intended.
- the shaft 23 is on the jacket 26th connected, the separator housing 14 in the screen area surrounds.
- the screen member 21 has in the transport direction 28 sieve holes that are getting smaller and smaller.
- the beneficial effect this narrowing of the sieve holes is probably due to that thereby a nevertheless occurring comminution of not organic components is compensated, i. also the crushed impurities not through the sieve 21st can pass because of the smaller holes.
- the hammers 18 are helical on the shaft 16 arranged in two spirals. With this arrangement was also a reduced tendency to imbalances due to waste observed, which temporarily attaches to the hammers (e.g., long fiber fractions).
- a preferred way of attaching the axle in the Trestle 30 is in the axis 32 at least from one side to use a spreader 34. That with one Fit for the hole 31 in the block 30 executed axle end 35th is thereby pressed against the walls of the hole 31 and firmly anchored.
- the head of the expansion pin 34 is preferred to the flat position with the end of the axle end 35 hammered or screwed in, leaving a flat Area results.
- the Surface post-processed e.g. by grinding, to to maintain the desired smooth surfaces.
- At the other Axle end 36 is sufficient for the fit, but in addition can also here a spreader be provided.
- a ring 40 is attached, which is the Opening of the housing 20 narrowed. This avoids that liquid escapes from the housing as the Liquid Part of the organic part of the waste is.
- the ring 40 is followed by a hood 42, the below has an ejection opening 43 for the contaminants.
- the hood 42 also still carries the bearing 45 for the end of Wave 16.
- the exemplary separator is specified by the following specifications. Speed: 500 - 1'500 / min .;
- the waste can be easily changed by changing the Inclination and flow of supporting air of the separator be set.
- a hydraulic Lifting device can be provided.
- the inclination, causing the Transport in the transport direction 28 more or less against the effect of gravity takes place, is in the range of a few degrees, e.g. in the range 1 ° - 20 °.
- the waste is fed via the feed slot 2 of the Transport spiral 4 supplied. This carries the waste up to the inlet to the separator feed chute 6. Am At the end of the spiral 4, a plug 47 is formed Waste. This plug 47 seals the transport spiral 2 against the air coming from the blower 10 into the separator feed chute 6 is blown.
- the waste falls through the separator shaft 6 in the Separator 8. Due to the effect of the hammers 18 are the Components of the waste are reduced and any possible filled containers are broken.
- the organic ones Components, if necessary after crushing, can pass through the sieve 21 and fall through the Shaft 23 in the tank 25.
- the separator penetrating air from the blower 10 drives in particular the small, slight amounts of contaminants into the separator and towards the output of the separator 6. It will but also relatively large parts, e.g. Sheet metal pieces, pieces of wood promoted by the supporting air through the separator, thereby the crushing effect of the separator, in this Proportion is undesirable, is reduced.
- the separator is from time to time with reverse direction of rotation to components, in particular relatively long-fiber fractions, from the hammers and their attachments to be hurled down the shaft.
- the distances and the duration of the reverse operation can be determined or depending on the operating behavior of the Separators are triggered.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- An einer Hammerhalterung können mehr als ein Hammer befestigt sein, insbesondere zwei (Doppelhammer).
- Die Lochdurchmesser des Siebes, die Drehzahl des Antriebs, die Neigung des Separators, Dimensionierung und Form der Hämmer usw. können in weiten Grenzen den örtlichen Gegebenheiten bzw. auch vor Ort an die Abfallzusammensetzung angepasst werden.
- Die Schrägstellung der Hämmer ist bestimmt durch die erforderliche Transportwirkung und nach oben durch die zunehmende Querkraft auf die Halterung der Hämmer begrenzt. In der Praxis haben sich Winkel zwischen 2° und 20° mit einem bevorzugten Bereich von 5°-15° als günstig erwiesen.
- Die Abdeckung des Umfangs des Separatorgehäuses durch die Siebe ist nach oben dadurch beschränkt, dass der Längstransport im Bereich der Siebe stark verringert ist. Bei einer geringeren Umfangsabdeckung wird dagegen die Siebwirkung selbst reduziert. In der Praxis haben sich daher Umfangsabdeckungen des Gehäuses durch die Siebe von 1/4 - 3/4, besser von etwa 1/3, als anwendbar erwiesen. Denkbar ist dabei auch, die Umfangsabdeckung von verschiedenen Bereichen unterschiedlich zu wählen, z.B. zum Auslass hin steigend oder fallend.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführung weist das Sieb von Einlass zu Auslass in etwa gleich breite Abschnitte auf, die Löcher mit Durchmessern von 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12 und 10 mm aufweisen.
- Eine andere Anzahl von Hämmern pro Umfang.
- Die Abweichung des angularen Abstands benachbarter Hämmer kann auch eine andere, insbesonders grössere und/oder unregelmässige Abweichung vom Winkel für eine gleichbleibende Anordnung sein.
- Die Befestigung der Hämmer an der Welle kann anders ausgeführt sein, solange Vorsprünge usw. vermieden werden, an denen sich insbesondere langfaserige Bestandteile festsetzen können. Z.B. kann die Achse auch als Schraube ausgeführt sein, die in einen der Böcke eingeschraubt ist und deren Kopf von einer Ausnehmung im anderen Bock aufgenommen wird.
Claims (10)
- Vorrichtung (1) zum Trennen von Abfällen mit organischen und Störstoff-Anteilen, insbesondere von Marktabfällen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Zerkleinerer (8) aufweist, in dem auf einer motorisch angetriebenen Welle (16) schwenkbare Hämmer (18) angebracht sind, dass die Hämmer plattenförmig sind, im Wesentlichen in ihrer Plattenebene schwenkbar sind und die Plattenebene in einem Winkel zur Längsachse steht, der von 90° abweicht, und dadurch, dass die Welle (16) und die Hämmer (18) von einem im Wesentlichen rohrförmigen Gehäuse (14) mit einem Einlass (6) und einem Auslass (43) umgeben sind, das über eine wesentliche Länge unterhalb der Welle ein Sieb (21) aufweist, so dass in den Zerkleinerer durch die Einlassöffnung eingebrachter Abfall durch die Hämmer zerkleinerbar, durch die Schrägstellung der Hämmer (18) in Richtung des Auslasses bewegbar und der organische Anteil weitgehend durch das Sieb von anderen Bestandteilen abtrennbar ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lochweite im Sieb (21) vom Einlass (6) zum Auslass (43) abnimmt und die Anzahl der Löcher pro Flächeneinheit gleich bleibt oder abnimmt.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schrägstellung der Plattenebene der Hämmer gegenüber der Ebene quer zur Längsachse der Welle (16) im Bereich von 1°-20°, bevorzugt 5°-15° liegt und insbesondere etwa 10° beträgt.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anteil des Siebs (21) am Umfang des Gehäuses (14) im Bereich von 270°-90°, bevorzugt etwa 120° beträgt.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hämmer im Wesentlichen spiralförmig in wenigstens einer, bevorzugt mindestens zwei und weiter bevorzugt genau zwei Spiralen angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zerkleinerer (8), insbesondere das Gehäuse (14), vom Einlass (6) zum Auslass (43) ansteigend geneigt ist, insbesondere in einem Winkel von 2°-15° und besonders bevorzugt von 4°-8°.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das rohrförmige Gehäuse (14) zwischen Sieb (21) und Auslass (43) wenigstens im unteren Teil, bevorzugt über den ganzen Umfang, eine Verengung (40) aufweist, um flüssige Bestandteile zurückzuhalten.
- Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Einlass (6) eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Erzeugen eines Luftstromes angeschlossen ist, so dass im Zerkleinerer (8) ein Luftstrom in Richtung zum Auslass (43) erzeugbar ist, um den Transport insbesondere von leichten Teilchen zum Auslass (43) zu verbessern.
- Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehrichtung der Welle (16) in Intervallen kurzzeitig umgedreht wird, um Bestandteile des Abfalls, die sich an den Hämmern (18) oder ihren Halterungen (30-32) festgesetzt haben, wieder abzuschleudern.
- Verwendung der Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zum Auftrennen von Abfallgemischen, insbesondere Marktabfällen, in einen organischen und einen Störstoff-Anteil, wobei auch geschlossene Behältnisse geöffnet werden.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT02405257T PT1350569E (pt) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Dispositivo de separação de lixo |
EP20020405257 EP1350569B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Abfalltrennvorrichtung |
DK02405257T DK1350569T3 (da) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Affaldssepareringsindretning |
ES02405257.3T ES2498366T3 (es) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Dispositivo de separación de residuos |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020405257 EP1350569B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Abfalltrennvorrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1350569A1 true EP1350569A1 (de) | 2003-10-08 |
EP1350569B1 EP1350569B1 (de) | 2014-06-25 |
Family
ID=27838207
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020405257 Expired - Lifetime EP1350569B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Abfalltrennvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1350569B1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1350569T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2498366T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1350569E (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012088957A1 (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | 漳州市上宇环保科技有限公司 | 用于食物垃圾处理器的磨盘 |
EP2656919A1 (de) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | Anton Berger | Sieb für Abfalltrennvorrichtung |
CN105170239A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 长沙深湘通用机器有限公司 | 一种锤式破碎机 |
CN107029830A (zh) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-11 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种锤片式粉碎机 |
IT201600105648A1 (it) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-20 | Formaggio S R L Costruzioni Mecc | Dispositivo di trattamento di rifiuti |
CN110681671A (zh) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | 一种农村生活垃圾分选装置 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111974504A (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-24 | 敬松实业(上海)有限公司巢湖分公司 | 一种适用性广且粉碎颗粒多样化的饼干粉碎机 |
WO2022171277A1 (de) | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | Ardey Goetz | Separator, insbesondere zur trennung von organischem abfall und zusatzstoffen |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1133221B (de) | 1958-05-13 | 1962-07-12 | Univ Louisiana State | Hammermuehle |
US5154363A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1992-10-13 | Eddy William A | Reciprocating action miller |
-
2002
- 2002-04-03 EP EP20020405257 patent/EP1350569B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-03 DK DK02405257T patent/DK1350569T3/da active
- 2002-04-03 ES ES02405257.3T patent/ES2498366T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-03 PT PT02405257T patent/PT1350569E/pt unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1133221B (de) | 1958-05-13 | 1962-07-12 | Univ Louisiana State | Hammermuehle |
US5154363A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1992-10-13 | Eddy William A | Reciprocating action miller |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012088957A1 (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | 漳州市上宇环保科技有限公司 | 用于食物垃圾处理器的磨盘 |
EP2656919A1 (de) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | Anton Berger | Sieb für Abfalltrennvorrichtung |
CN105170239A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 长沙深湘通用机器有限公司 | 一种锤式破碎机 |
IT201600105648A1 (it) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-20 | Formaggio S R L Costruzioni Mecc | Dispositivo di trattamento di rifiuti |
CN107029830A (zh) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-11 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种锤片式粉碎机 |
CN110681671A (zh) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | 一种农村生活垃圾分选装置 |
CN110681671B (zh) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | 一种农村生活垃圾分选装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1350569B1 (de) | 2014-06-25 |
ES2498366T3 (es) | 2014-09-24 |
DK1350569T3 (da) | 2014-09-08 |
PT1350569E (pt) | 2014-09-04 |
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