Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
  • F01C11/006—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of dissimilar working principle
  • F01C11/008—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of dissimilar working principle and of complementary function, e.g. internal combustion engine with supercharger
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
  • F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
  • F01C1/12—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
  • F01C1/14—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
  • F01C1/20—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with dissimilar tooth forms
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
  • F01C21/06—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
  • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a rotary piston internal combustion engine.
• the invention relates to a rotary piston internal combustion engine with a housing, at least one working wheel rotatable about an axis of rotation in the housing, at least one working piston provided on the working wheel for drawing in and compressing air or a fuel-air mixture and for implementing the at
• rotary piston internal combustion engines Due to the rotating movement of the working piston during operation, such internal combustion engines are generally referred to as rotary piston internal combustion engines or, for short, rotary piston engines.
• axis of rotation about which the work wheel and the piston or pistons rotate during operation, it is not a physically trained axis (such is always referred to below as a “shaft”), but the physical line the center of the rotary motion is understood.
• rotary piston internal combustion engines do not require translatory pistons and connecting rods, and the piston or pistons always move in the same direction during operation on a circular path, so that they do not have to be continuously braked and accelerated in the opposite direction like reciprocating pistons.
• Wankel engine The best-known representative of the type of rotary piston internal combustion engine is the Wankel engine named after its inventor.
• Wankel engine a piston with a triangular cross section rotates in a specially shaped cylinder.
• Working wheel are arranged two working pistons, the working wheel being broken through in its area close to the axis of rotation and being designed as a fan wheel by means of adjoining webs, so that the working wheel is advantageously cooled from the inside.
• the combustion of the fuel-air mixture takes place in this engine in a separate combustion chamber, which leads to a complex construction of the engine.
• the known rotary piston internal combustion engines are relatively complex and are associated with correspondingly high production and maintenance costs.
• the well-known rotary piston internal combustion engines are not yet working optimally, which is why there are practically no rotary piston internal combustion engines on the market. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a rotary piston internal combustion engine which has the design-related advantages of a rotary piston engine and which has the mentioned disadvantages of known rotary piston engines.
• a rotary piston internal combustion engine which has a housing, at least one working wheel rotatable about an axis of rotation in the housing, at least one working piston provided on the working wheel for compressing air or a fuel-air mixture and for implementing the combustion of a fuel-air mixture resulting gas pressure in mechanical energy, at least one counter wheel with at least one working piston recess, a number of rotatably drivable first air blades for pre-compression of air or a fuel-air mixture and at least one combustion chamber for the combustion of a fuel-air mixture , wherein the at least one combustion chamber is continuously newly formed during operation between the working piston, working wheel, counter wheel and housing and the first air blades form part of the working wheel in the manner of spokes and in operation the fuel-air mixture or the air essentially parallel to the axis of rotation of the Vacuum the work wheel through the work wheel.
• the invention has a number of advantages.
• the gaseous medium sucked through the working wheel which will usually be air, but which can also be a fuel-air mixture, cools the working wheel from the inside.
• the working piston or pistons each have a double effect: when they move towards the counter wheel, they compress the air pre-compressed, possibly also an already formed fuel-air mixture, and after they have passed through the corresponding working piston recess in the counter wheel, they act as "Movable wall" of the combustion chamber, which is pushed away by the gas pressure generated during combustion.
• the work wheel with the air blades and one or more working pistons even performs three functions: pre-compression, compression, work.
• the output takes place via an output shaft arranged in the center of the work wheel, the axis of rotation of which is then identical to the axis of rotation of the work wheel.
• the first air blades can then advantageously engage directly or indirectly (via a gear) on the output shaft, and thus those of mechanical energy absorbed by the piston or pistons is transmitted to the output shaft, from where it is then passed on in a manner known per se and can be used, for example, to drive a vehicle. If the rotation axes of the output shaft and work wheel coincide, this has advantages in terms of storage and balancing.
• an output shaft the axis of rotation of which does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the working piston.
• the drive of the output shaft can then e.g. over a gear rim provided on the work wheel, which drives the output shaft directly or indirectly.
• a number of second air blades that can be driven in rotation can be provided for the further precompression of air or a fuel-air mixture.
• These second air blades can be part of a sprocket in the manner of spokes and can also act on the output shaft.
• These spoke-like blades then have a profile which, like in the case of conventional compressor stages of a turbine, brings about a compression of the conveyed medium by rotation about the axis of rotation. It has proven to be expedient to firmly connect the ring gear with the second air blades to the work wheel. If such a ring gear is provided, then this ring gear can mesh with the second air blades with an at least partially complementary ring gear on the counter gear.
• the work wheel can be set in motion via the ring gear when the engine is started. Since the engine is actively filled in the area of the combustion chamber and has no suction function, it can be rotated by the starter
• plain bearings can be located in the housing between the inside of the housing and the outside of the housing facing
• Work wheel may be provided.
• a reservoir can be used to hold the gaseous medium (air or fuel-air mixture) compressed during operation by a working piston Passage of the working piston through the counter wheel can be provided, wherein the reservoir can, for example, be semi-cylindrical or toroidal and can be part of the housing or a separate component attached to the housing.
• the reservoir can, for example, be semi-cylindrical or toroidal and can be part of the housing or a separate component attached to the housing.
• the rotary piston internal combustion engine has at least two working pistons arranged on a common working wheel
• at least one inlet and one outlet are formed in the housing.
• the inlet and the outlet are open at the same time, which makes it possible to pass purge air through the inlet into the space formed between the two neighboring working pistons, the housing and the working wheel. Exhaust gases that may still be present in the room are thus reliably pushed out.
• the so-called "purge air” can advantageously be the gaseous medium sucked in by the first and possibly the second air scoop, the medium in this embodiment then of course not being a fuel-air mixture but air should.
• the fuel or a fuel-air mixture is then added later, in particular by means of an injection nozzle arranged after the counter wheel.
• the exhaust stage which is formed by the first and second air blades, is followed by an exhaust gas turbocharger which is also able to compress the ambient air drawn in.
• This exhaust gas turbocharger can be designed as a so-called soft turbocharger, which continuously with the
• the working pistons can be designed as a solid component, preferably they are provided with cooling. In one configuration, this cooling can be performed by a Charge air cooling takes place, which cools the ambient air drawn in by the compressor stage.
• a further preferred embodiment has an active piston cooling, in which the first air blades are arranged centrally below the working pistons, the working pistons having a U-shaped cooling channel. In terms of flow technology, this cooling channel is arranged at one end with the one located upstream of the compressor stage
• the work wheel can also drive the counter wheel via other drive means.
• This can be, for example, a drive chain which, in the manner of a control chain in conventional reciprocating piston engines, connects in the ring gear of the working wheel to the complementary ring gear of the counter wheel instead of direct toothing.
• What is essential here is only the correct design of the transmission ratio, since it must be ensured at all times that the working pistons engage in the working piston recess, which is achieved by the speed ratio required for this.
• Fig. 1 shows a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the working piston through a first embodiment of a rotary piston internal combustion engine, the working wheel four
• FIG. 2 shows a section taken along line AA in FIG. 1 through the rotary piston internal combustion engine according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a section taken along the line B-B in FIG. 1 through the rotary piston internal combustion engine according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 4 schematically shows the first step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the supply of pre-compressed air into the space formed between two working pistons, the housing and the working wheel,
• FIG. 5 schematically shows the second step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the compression of the air and the introduction of the compressed air into a reservoir (not shown here),
• FIG. 6 schematically shows the third step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the ignition of a fuel-air mixture
• FIG. 7 schematically shows the fourth step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the expansion of the combustion chamber formed by the counter wheel, working piston, working wheel and housing by rotating the working piston,
• FIG. 8 schematically shows the fifth step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the discharge of the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber through a first outlet formed in the housing,
• FIG. 9 schematically shows the sixth step in the operation of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention, namely the purging of the space in which the combustion has previously taken place by introducing pre-compressed air
• 10 shows purely schematically a possible arrangement of counter wheel, work wheel and a separate output, viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the work wheel
• FIG. 11 shows, purely schematically, an arrangement comprising a counter wheel, two working wheels and a separate output, viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the working wheels,
• FIG. 12 shows purely schematically an arrangement comprising a counter wheel and three working wheels, viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the working wheels,
• Fig. 13 shows purely schematically a rotary piston internal combustion engine with a work wheel, viewed perpendicular to the direction of the
• FIG. 14 shows purely schematically a rotary piston internal combustion engine with two working wheels arranged along a common axis of rotation, viewed perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation of the working wheels,
• FIG. 15 shows purely schematically a rotary piston internal combustion engine with three working wheels arranged along a common axis of rotation, viewed perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation of the working wheels,
• Fig. 16 shows schematically the supply of air into and the discharge of air from the spaces formed between the working wheel, housing and working piston, viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the
• FIG. 17 schematically shows the supply of air through the work wheel and the discharge of air from between the work wheel and the housing and working piston formed space, seen perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation of the working wheels,
• FIG. 18 shows a plan view of a second exemplary embodiment of a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the invention with a separate output indicated only schematically, viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the impeller,
• FIG. 19 shows a section through the rotary piston internal combustion engine according to FIGS. 18 and 18, which is carried out transversely to the axis of rotation of the impeller
• FIG. 20 shows a schematic side view of the rotary piston internal combustion engine according to FIG. 18.
• FIG. 1 to 3 show a rotary piston internal combustion engine in which a work wheel 2 is rotatably mounted in a housing 1 provided with a plurality of cooling fins.
• the working wheel carries four working pistons 3, which continuously run towards and away from a counter wheel 4 during operation, one in the counter wheel 4
• Working piston recess 5 is provided so that the working piston 3 can mesh with the counter wheel 4 in the manner of gear wheels.
• the working pistons 3 engage in the working piston recess 5, which is designed in such a way that the front and outer edges of the working piston roll on the inner contour of the working piston recess.
• Shown here below is the counter wheel 4, which is arranged such that the outer running surface of the counter wheel 4 and the work wheel 2 roll on each other, so here the counter wheel 4 rotates clockwise, while the work wheel 2 rotates counterclockwise.
• the combustion chamber of the engine is formed between the working piston 3 arranged in front of the counter wheel 4 in the direction of rotation of the working wheel 2. This combustion chamber is limited by the inner side of the working piston 3 facing the counter wheel 4, part of the running surface of the counter wheel 4 and the inner wall of the working wheel 2 and the wall of the housing 1.
• This housing 1 is formed on its side facing the working wheel 2 in such a way that there is a fine running surface in the manner of an inner cylinder liner for the working piston 3.
• the housing 1 can either be machined in the appropriate quality or have a stationary wheel that is inserted into the housing 1 and offers the required surface quality and running surface in the manner of a cylinder liner.
• the housing 1 or the stationary wheel of the housing 1 offer a receptacle for the counter wheel 4, which also has a running surface for the largely gas-tight contact of the counter wheel 4 with the side wall of the
• Housing 1 offers.
• a reservoir 12 is arranged under the counter wheel 4, the operation of which will be described below.
• an air inlet or an inlet for a fuel-air mixture is provided, via which the gas to be compressed can be sucked in for the renewed combustion process.
• the work wheel 2 consists essentially of a pulley-like
• a web protrudes in the area of the upper and lower disk level, so that an annular channel is formed between these two projecting webs.
• the working pistons 3 are arranged equidistantly flat webs are formed, which divide the annular channel of the working wheel 2 into four segments here. Together with the inner wall of the housing 1 or a stationary wheel of the housing 1, this results in a closed space in the form of a torus segment with a rectangular cross section, which is moved around the axis of rotation by the rotation of the working wheel 2.
• the work wheel 2 has first air blades 6, so that this inner area is designed in the manner of a turbine wheel.
• These air blades 6 are connected with their outer ends to the groove-shaped outer region and with inner ends to an inner hub.
• the first air blades 6 are preferably arranged concentrically and symmetrically to the axis of rotation R. In the case of the first air blades 6 used and their position relative to the helium flowing through, the compression ratio, that is to say behind that
• FIG. 2 and 3 The operation of the first air blades is best shown in FIG. 2 and 3 can be seen.
• air from the left side of the housing 1 is sucked in by the rotation of the drive wheel 2 and flows through an inner flow channel.
• the air drawn in and compressed in this way collects in an air collection container (not shown here) which is connected in terms of flow technology to an air inlet of the housing 1 into the duct of the working wheel 2 near the combustion chamber. In this way, compressed air can be made available without the need for additional components for compression.
• air collection container not shown here
• the motor has a second compressor stage which is formed by a toothed ring 10 which is placed on the shaft holding the drive wheel 2.
• This ring gear 10 actually has the function of driving the counter wheel 4 and, like the drive wheel 2, has an inner region which is provided with second air blades 9 and through which gaseous medium can flow.
• the air compressed in this way is used to search for air to have to hold.
• the air compressed in this way is used to effectively purge the space between two working pistons 3 after the combustion, ie to clean any remaining gas residues due to the combustion.
• the chamber arranged in the housing 1 is connected to the compressed air in connection with a temporarily opening inlet 13 through which the air enters the toroidal air
• FIG. 1 to 3 The in the FIG.
• the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is only a basic illustration of a single cylinder, but is already fully functional.
• a plurality of working wheels are preferably used, which can be arranged next to one another both on a common output shaft 8 and on several shafts. In this way, multi-row or multi-stage engines with a plurality of combustion chambers are possible.
• a motor can also be formed which has a plurality of combustion chambers per work wheel 2. All that is important for this is the fact that behind the counter wheel 4 the functional areas described here for expelling and flushing the combustion residues and in front of the counter wheel 4 the precautions for filling with ambient air and compressing the
• Combustion air is provided.
• An injection nozzle is arranged behind the counter wheel 4, via which, for example, diesel fuel or kerosene can be injected into the combustion chamber.
• FIG. 4 shows the work wheel 2 in a position in which pre-compressed ambient air is injected into the later combustion chamber, i.e. has entered the groove of the work wheel 2.
• the medium can be bypass air or a fuel-air mixture. The latter will be used in the case of a gasoline engine, in the case of a
• Diesel engines on the other hand, only draw in ambient air.
• a closed space between the three chamber walls given by the working wheel 2 the front side of the working piston 3 and the rear side of the counter wheel 4 is first formed as a result of the passage of the piston 3 of the inlet opening.
• an opening is provided which is rotated due to the rotation of the work wheel 2 via the entry into the reservoir 12, so that the inlet opening and the opening in the work wheel 2 are increasingly congruent with each other.
• This torus segment in turn fills with a slight relaxation with the compressed medium, which for example can now have a pressure of 30 bar.
• a further rotation of the work wheel 2 by a few angular degrees causes the lateral inlet opening to move away from the outlet of the pressure reservoir 12, so that the torus segment is completely closed to form a closed combustion chamber. Now can be over a in the FIG. 4 to 7 not shown
• Ignition device is already an ignition, provided the enclosed medium is a fuel-air mixture.
• direct injection is preferably used, for this purpose an injection nozzle is provided behind the counter gear 4, which is shown in FIG. 1 is shown.
• the gasoline in the case shown is tangential along the surface of the counter wheel
• the shape of the side walls and the bottom of the groove-shaped channel can be modified in accordance with the flow requirements.
• a slightly spherical configuration of counter wheel 4 and a corresponding negative shape of the groove base of drive wheel 2 are selected.
• the injection angle relative to the two directions perpendicular to the axis of rotation R des
• Drive wheel 2 can be modified depending on the requirement in order to ensure combustion that is as complete as possible and therefore low in pollutants. After the combustion, the drive wheel 2 is rotated further, so that initially a side pollutant outlet comes into flow contact with the combustion chamber. As a result, the first exhaust gases already escape, which can be fed to conventional exhaust gas purification and removal. A further rotation of the working wheel 2 has the effect that the chamber volume which may still be filled with residual gases is brought congruent with an inlet 13 to which a pressurized ambient air volume is applied. When the chamber comes into contact with this inlet 13, this ambient air then flows into the chamber and can exit again through an outlet 14, taking the gas residues with it, for complete purging.
• the working pistons 3 are designed with their outer contours so that there is a large expansion in the upper area, which results in an automatic seal with the inner running surface of the housing 1. Additional sealants, such as piston rings in the case of a reciprocating piston engine, are not required.
• the working wheel 2 is mounted in the housing 1 via slide bearings 11.
• the pre-compressed gaseous media are compressed by the work wheel itself.
• the working wheel has a configuration in the form of a turbine wheel within the toroidal working area.
• This turbine wheel is formed by first air blades 6, which suck in ambient air from the environment and make it available compressed in a chamber volume.
• a second compressor stage can be provided which additionally compresses the air; the chamber volume is connected both to the purge air inlet 13 and to the inlet for the gaseous medium to be compressed.
• the gaseous medium Due to the first compressor stage with the first blades or, if present, through the additional compression by the second compressor stage with second air blades 9, the gaseous medium is, for example, under a pressure of 2.5 bar relative to the environment. This causes a quick and safe inflow of the
• FIGS. 10 and 11 show further refinements of the invention.
• FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a single-track motor with only one drive wheel 2 and one counter wheel 4.
• FIG. 12 shows a star-shaped structure of a three-barrel motor, which also uses a common counter wheel. This structure is particularly advantageous since the axle load on the mounting of the counter wheel 4 compensate each other. In this case, the bending stress on the bearing of the counter wheel 4 is minimized, which has positive effects both on wear and on bearing losses.
• a common configuration of the configurations shown a common
• Rotation shaft also a plurality of drive wheels are arranged one behind the other, so that there is a multi-stage motor with a plurality of drive wheels 2, which are rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation R.
• each of the drive wheels 2 can cooperate with a counter wheel 4, but it is also possible for a roller-like configuration of the
• Counter wheel 4 is used, this one counter wheel 4 then interacts with all the drive wheels used.
• the latter configuration is of course only possible if the angular position of the working pistons 3 is identical for all drive wheels 2.
• Counter wheels 4 are used, four working pistons 3 being provided on the drive wheel 2 for each counter wheel used.
• a plurality of combustion chambers can be distributed over the circumference and, depending on the position of the counter wheels 4, a multi-cylinder engine can be built up with corresponding smoothness.
• the smoothness in relation to the reciprocating piston engine in the engine according to the invention will be significantly higher, since a reversal of the movement of the moving masses can be largely avoided.
• the FIG. 13, 14 and 15 show a multi-row motor as has already been described above. All drive wheels are flowed through together and each have a turbine wheel. The excess pressure available behind the turbine wheel can either be led directly to the respective openings of the drive wheels or can also be conducted behind the turbine wheel stack into a common reservoir, from where it can be supplied to the corresponding openings.
• FIG. 18 shows the housing without the drive wheel 2, so that the reservoir 12 and the oppositely arranged exhaust gas discharge can be seen.
• the second compressor stage with the second air blades 9 can be seen in the center of the housing.
• FIG. 19 shows, on the other hand, that shown in FIG. 18 not shown part of the motor with the counter wheel 4 and the drive wheel 2.
• the counter wheel 4 rotates twice as fast as the drive wheel 2, so that engagement of the working piston 3 in the
• FIG. 20 shows a side view of the device shown in FIG. 18 and 19 shown motor, in which the reservoir 12 is particularly well recognizable.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Transmission Devices (AREA)
• Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-08 AT AT01993746T patent/ATE278868T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-11-08 CA CA002428565A patent/CA2428565C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-11-08 DE DE10194849T patent/DE10194849D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-11-08 AU AU1690502A patent/AU1690502A/xx active Pending
  • 2001-11-08 EP EP01993746A patent/EP1339952B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-08 AU AU2002216905A patent/AU2002216905B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2001-11-08 DE DE50104043T patent/DE50104043D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-08 WO PCT/DE2001/004173 patent/WO2002038917A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2003
  • 2003-05-09 US US10/249,816 patent/US6672274B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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