EP1310305B1 - Dispositif de distribution de liquides du type à gachette - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution de liquides du type à gachette Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1310305B1
EP1310305B1 EP03000944A EP03000944A EP1310305B1 EP 1310305 B1 EP1310305 B1 EP 1310305B1 EP 03000944 A EP03000944 A EP 03000944A EP 03000944 A EP03000944 A EP 03000944A EP 1310305 B1 EP1310305 B1 EP 1310305B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
liquid
cylinder
flow path
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03000944A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1310305A3 (fr
EP1310305A2 (fr
Inventor
Tadao c/o Yoshino Kogyosho Co. Ltd. Saito
Shigeru c/o Yoshino Kogyosho Co. Ltd. HAYAKAWA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd filed Critical Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
Publication of EP1310305A2 publication Critical patent/EP1310305A2/fr
Publication of EP1310305A3 publication Critical patent/EP1310305A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1310305B1 publication Critical patent/EP1310305B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0064—Lift valves
    • B05B11/0067—Lift valves having a valve seat located downstream the valve element (take precedence)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0027—Means for neutralising the actuation of the sprayer ; Means for preventing access to the sprayer actuation means
    • B05B11/0029—Valves not actuated by pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0064—Lift valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0075—Two outlet valves being placed in a delivery conduit, one downstream the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1009—Piston pumps actuated by a lever
    • B05B11/1011—Piston pumps actuated by a lever without substantial movement of the nozzle in the direction of the pressure stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1016—Piston pumps the outlet valve having a valve seat located downstream a movable valve element controlled by a pressure actuated controlling element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1061—Pump priming means
    • B05B11/1063—Air exhausted from the pump chamber being discharged into the container during priming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/58—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage by recirculating the fluid to be sprayed from upstream of the discharge opening back to the supplying means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved trigger type liquid discharge device to be fitted to an opening of a liquid container containing liquid in order to discharge the liquid.
  • FIG. 5 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a known trigger type liquid discharge device disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,819,835 and so designed as to be fitted to the opening of a liquid container containing liquid in order to discharge the liquid.
  • a pump unit E is arranged in parallel with a horizontally disposed discharge pipe unit F as illustrated in Figure 5 .
  • the trigger type liquid discharge device as illustrated in Figure 5 is provided with a fitting section 101 by which the liquid discharge device is secured to an opening of a liquid container.
  • a trigger 102 of the device When a trigger 102 of the device is pushed in a direction indicated by arrow J', a pushing member 103 by turn depresses a transversal groove 105 of a head 104 of piston unit G of the device so as to move a piston I until an end face 106 of the piston I abuts a bottom wall 107 of a cylinder H.
  • the liquid filled in a cylinder chamber 108 is pushed out of the device through a liquid suction/discharge port 109 to a liquid flow path 110 so as to push a discharge valve body 111 under its pressure.
  • the discharge valve body 111 has a resiliently deformable section 112, which is resiliently deformed under the pressure of the liquid to open discharge valve seat 113.
  • liquid is allowed to flow into a flow path 115 of the discharge pipe F through discharge valve chamber 114.
  • the liquid flows into another flow path 116 and then a shallow groove M arranged between a liquid guide L and a short pipe K of a nozzle head J.
  • the liquid flows into still another flow path 117 in which spins the liquid, and is finally discharged through a discharge aperture 118.
  • the piston I compresses a spring 119 contained in the piston unit.
  • a ball valve 120 also contained in the unit is forced to abut a suction valve seat 121 under the pressure applied by the liquid of the flow path 110.
  • the piston After completing to discharge the liquid through the discharge aperture 118, and if the trigger 102 is released, the piston is returned to a position shown in Figure 5 by the resilient force of the spring 119 to expand the cylinder chamber 108 so as to generate a negative pressure in the chamber 108.
  • Such negative pressure acts on the discharge valve body 111 and the ball valve 120 to cause the discharge valve body 111 to firmly abut and close the discharge valve seat 113. Consequently, the ball valve 120 is moved away from the suction valve seat 121 to allow liquid in the liquid container to flow through a suction pipe 122, the liquid flow path 110 and the port 109 into the cylinder chamber 108 so that the device is made ready for another discharge operation.
  • the cylinder H is provided in a part of its peripheral wall with an air intake port 123.
  • the air intake port 123 is held in communication with the liquid container, on which the device is mounted by means of the fitting section 101 of the device, through air ducts 124 and 125.
  • the piston I has a stroke end side resilient annular skirt 126 extending toward the bottom wall 107 of the cylinder H and an approach end slide resilient annular skirt 127 extending toward the opening of the cylinder H. Said annular skirts 126 and 127 are held in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.
  • the trigger type liquid discharge device as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,819,835 and summarily described above functions correctly so long as a user uses it properly and operates the trigger in such a way that the piston completely moves from the stroke end position to the approach end position.
  • reference symbol N denotes a cap for covering the discharge aperture 117 and reference symbol O denotes a pivot of the cap N.
  • liquid may drip out from the discharge aperture 118 at the beginning and the end of a discharge phase.
  • liquid When liquid is discharged as foam, large bubbles of liquid that have not sufficiently foamed may come out through the aperture.
  • the trigger type liquid discharge device of the prior art has such drawbacks.
  • a trigger type liquid discharge device having the features set out in the preamble of the accompanying claim 1 is disclosed in prior EP-A-0 295 767 .
  • a trigger type liquid discharge device comprising a container, a pump unit having a cylinder and a piston, a discharge pipe (F) having a discharge aperture, and a trigger for reciprocating the piston, wherein liquid drawn up from the container is discharged through the discharge aperture by movement of the piston to a stroke end, wherein a short and shallow groove is provided at a boundary between an outer surface of said inner sleeve and a bottom wall of the cylinder, and an annular skirt of the piston is inserted into the short and shallow groove upon the stroke end, so that a liquid flow path communicates to the inside of the container through a gap between the inner surface of the piston and the outer surface of the inner sleeve, characterised in that the said cylinder of the pump unit has an inner sleeve, and said bottom wall of the inner sleeve of the cylinder is formed with a hole at a centre thereof, said hole communicating to an upper end of a liquid flow path, said liquid flow path communicating to the container.
  • the hole is closed by a resilient valve which resiliently contacts to an outer surface of the bottom wall, and a pin body is provided at a centre of the piston toward the bottom wall of the cylinder, and is so provided that when the piston reaches at a stroke end, a front end of the pin body resiliently deforms the resilient valve through the hole so that a cylinder chamber communicates to the liquid flow path.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show an embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • a cylinder 91 of a pump unit 90 has an inner sleeve 92.
  • a piston 93 has annular skirts 94 and 95 that resiliently abut an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder 91 and another annular skirt 96 resiliently abuts an outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 92.
  • a hole 98 is bored in a bottom wall 97 of the inner sleeve 92 and communicates with an upper end of a liquid flow path 99 formed in the bottom wall 97 and communicating by turn with the inside of the container.
  • a short and shallow groove 301 is peripherally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 92 along a connecting section of said outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 92 and the bottom wall 100 of the cylinder 91 in such a way that, when the piston 93 gets to the stroke end as shown in Figure 2 , the edge of the annular skirt 96 gets into the short and shallow groove 301 and a gap is formed between said edge and a bottom of the short and shallow groove 301.
  • an air intake port 302 is formed on the cylinder wall in a position close to the open end of the cylinder than the position of the annular skirt 95 when the piston 93 gets to the stroke end.
  • said short and shallow groove 301 can be replaced by a low projecting ridge running longitudinally.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a further embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • a cylinder 310 of a pump unit 310 is provided in a bottom wall 311 thereof with a coaxial sleeve 314 for receiving a spring 313 for urging back a piston 312.
  • the cylinder 310 is provided with a liquid flow path 319 communicating with the inside of the container.
  • Said spring receiving sleeve 314 is provided at an axial centre of its bottom wall 320 with a hole 321 communicating said liquid flow path 319.
  • the liquid guide pipe 317 is provided in its outer peripheral wall facing said hole 321 with an annular groove 322.
  • the annular groove 322 is provided with an annular resilient valve 323.
  • An upper edge of said resilient valve 323 is sandwiched by the liquid guide pipe 317, an outer surface of the bottom wall 311 and a grasping sleeve 318.
  • a suspending sleeve section 325 of the resilient valve 323 closes said hole 321 from the outside.
  • the piston 312 has annular skirts 326 and 327 which resiliently abut the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 310.
  • the piston 312 has a pin body 330 arranged at the axial centre thereof and projecting from an inner surface of a piston head 328 at the approach end side toward the stroke end side.
  • a front end 331 of the pin body 330 passes through the hole 321.
  • the resilient valve 323 closing said hole 321 from outside resiliently deforms as shown in Figure 4 so as to release the closed condition of the hole 321.
  • any residual pressure that may exist in the liquid flow path 316, the cylinder chamber 332 and the port 333 may escape into the container when the piston 312 gets to the stroke end to terminate the liquid discharge cycle, so that any dripping of liquid due to the residual pressure may be effectively prevented from taking place.

Landscapes

  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Dispositif de décharge de liquide du type à gâchette comprenant un récipient, une unité de pompe ayant un cylindre et un piston, un conduit de décharge (F) ayant une ouverture de décharge, et une gâchette pour faire aller et venir le piston, le liquide aspiré depuis le récipient étant déchargé via l'ouverture de décharge par déplacement du piston jusqu'à une fin de course, dans lequel :
    une rainure courte et peu profonde (301) est disposée au niveau d'une limite entre une surface externe dudit manchon interne (92) et une paroi inférieure (100) du cylindre (91), et
    une jupe annulaire (96) du piston (93) est insérée dans la rainure courte et peu profonde (301) au niveau de la fin de course, de manière qu'un passage d'écoulement de liquide (303) communique avec l'intérieur du récipient via un espace entre la surface interne du piston (93) et la surface externe du manchon interne (92), caractérisé en ce que
    ledit cylindre (91, 310) de l'unité de pompe comporte un manchon interne (92) et
    ladite paroi inférieure (97, 311) du manchon interne (92) du cylindre (91, 310) est pourvue d'un trou (98, 321) en son centre, ledit trou (98, 321) communiquant avec une extrémité supérieure d'un passage d'écoulement de liquide (99, 319), ledit passage d'écoulement de liquide (99, 319) communiquant avec le récipient.
  2. Dispositif de décharge de liquide du type à gâchette selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    le trou (321) est fermé par une valve élastique (323) qui vient contacter, élastiquement, une surface externe de la paroi inférieure (311), et
    un corps de tige (330) est situé en un centre du piston (312) vers la paroi inférieure (311) du cylindre (310), et est ainsi disposé de manière que lorsque le piston (312) atteint une fin de course, une extrémité avant (331) du corps de tige (330) déforme élastiquement la valve élastique (323) via le trou (321) de manière qu'une chambre de cylindre (332) communique avec le passage d'écoulement de liquide (319).
EP03000944A 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif de distribution de liquides du type à gachette Expired - Lifetime EP1310305B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28592394 1994-10-26
JP28592394 1994-10-26
JP9402279 1994-12-28
WOPCT/JP94/02279 1994-12-28
EP95935573A EP0738542B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif a gachette servant a pulveriser un liquide

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95935573A Division EP0738542B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif a gachette servant a pulveriser un liquide

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1310305A2 EP1310305A2 (fr) 2003-05-14
EP1310305A3 EP1310305A3 (fr) 2004-03-10
EP1310305B1 true EP1310305B1 (fr) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=26435330

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03000944A Expired - Lifetime EP1310305B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif de distribution de liquides du type à gachette
EP95935573A Expired - Lifetime EP0738542B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif a gachette servant a pulveriser un liquide
EP07024747A Expired - Lifetime EP1923143B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif de décharge de liquides de type gâchette

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95935573A Expired - Lifetime EP0738542B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif a gachette servant a pulveriser un liquide
EP07024747A Expired - Lifetime EP1923143B1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Dispositif de décharge de liquides de type gâchette

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (3) EP1310305B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3720054B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100407125B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1071599C (fr)
AU (1) AU708396B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2179888C (fr)
DE (2) DE69535748D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996013334A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2159994B1 (es) * 1997-12-31 2002-05-01 Calmar Monturas Sa Bomba pulverizadora de liquidos.
JP3798222B2 (ja) * 2000-05-11 2006-07-19 株式会社吉野工業所 トリガー式ポンプの製造方法及び該製造方法により製造されるトリガー式ポンプ
US7311227B2 (en) * 2004-10-08 2007-12-25 Continental Afa Dispensing Company Trigger sprayer venting system with reduced drag on vent piston
JP4767666B2 (ja) * 2005-11-22 2011-09-07 株式会社吉野工業所 トリガー式液体噴出器
JP2007136414A (ja) * 2005-11-22 2007-06-07 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd トリガー式液体噴出器
DE102007021415A1 (de) 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh Austragvorrichtung
CN106163940B (zh) * 2014-03-31 2018-01-02 株式会社吉野工业所 带吸管的容器
JP6757695B2 (ja) * 2017-04-19 2020-09-23 株式会社吉野工業所 トリガー式液体噴出器
DE102018100338A1 (de) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-11 Aero Pump Gmbh Austragvorrichtung zum Austragen von flüssigen Medien

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4273290A (en) * 1977-11-14 1981-06-16 The Afa Corporation Unitary valve and spring assembly
US4183449A (en) * 1978-01-09 1980-01-15 The Afa Corporation Manually operated miniature atomizer
US4271990A (en) * 1978-05-12 1981-06-09 Security Plastics, Inc. Pumping system for dispensing product from a container
JPS61905Y2 (fr) * 1979-06-28 1986-01-13
US4365751A (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-12-28 Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. Trigger type liquid injector
US4624413A (en) * 1985-01-23 1986-11-25 Corsette Douglas Frank Trigger type sprayer
CN1008424B (zh) * 1986-01-18 1990-06-20 多田笃 一个手工操纵的扳机式喷枪
DE3778441D1 (de) 1986-07-21 1992-05-27 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Fluessigkeitsspender mit handausloesung.
US4747523A (en) * 1987-06-19 1988-05-31 Calmar, Inc. Manually actuated dispensing pump
US4989790A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-02-05 Afa Products, Inc. Nozzle cap, spring valve and body assembly
FR2656900B1 (fr) * 1990-01-10 1994-01-28 Oreal Pompe manuelle a precompression pour la pulverisation d'un liquide, notamment d'un parfum.
JP2526873Y2 (ja) * 1990-06-05 1997-02-26 株式会社吉野工業所 トリガー式液体噴出容器
JP2542312Y2 (ja) * 1990-07-25 1997-07-23 株式会社吉野工業所 トリガー式噴出器
US5467900A (en) * 1994-03-16 1995-11-21 Afa Products, Inc. Precompression valve for trigger sprayer
EP0688608A1 (fr) * 1994-03-25 1995-12-27 GUALA S.p.A. Dispositif de pulvérisation pour des pompes actionnées à la main
JP2892289B2 (ja) * 1994-09-16 1999-05-17 キャニヨン株式会社 トリガ−タイプディスペンサ−およびそのための一方向弁

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996013334A1 (fr) 1996-05-09
CN1071599C (zh) 2001-09-26
EP0738542B1 (fr) 2008-05-07
DE69535779D1 (de) 2008-08-07
EP1923143A3 (fr) 2008-08-20
DE69535748D1 (fr) 2008-06-19
EP1310305A3 (fr) 2004-03-10
EP1923143B1 (fr) 2010-09-08
AU3754095A (en) 1996-05-23
JP3720054B2 (ja) 2005-11-24
KR100407125B1 (ko) 2004-05-27
EP1310305A2 (fr) 2003-05-14
CN1137764A (zh) 1996-12-11
AU708396B2 (en) 1999-08-05
CA2179888A1 (fr) 1996-05-09
EP0738542A1 (fr) 1996-10-23
CA2179888C (fr) 2007-08-28
EP1923143A2 (fr) 2008-05-21
EP0738542A4 (fr) 1998-01-07

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