EP1305956A2 - Procede et dispositif de production d'images 3d - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production d'images 3d

Info

Publication number
EP1305956A2
EP1305956A2 EP01925518A EP01925518A EP1305956A2 EP 1305956 A2 EP1305956 A2 EP 1305956A2 EP 01925518 A EP01925518 A EP 01925518A EP 01925518 A EP01925518 A EP 01925518A EP 1305956 A2 EP1305956 A2 EP 1305956A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
sequence
images
approximation
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01925518A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Technologies Corp. Tdv
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1305956A2 publication Critical patent/EP1305956A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/261—Image signal generators with monoscopic-to-stereoscopic image conversion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/106—Processing image signals
    • H04N13/128—Adjusting depth or disparity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for generating three-dimensional (3D) images.
  • a particular disadvantage of image sequential transmission in connection with conventional television systems is that the image refresh rate for each eye is reduced to 25 images per second. This results in an unpleasant flicker for the viewer. This limitation does not occur when the image sequences are transmitted via their own (left or right) channel. Problems can arise in the synchronization of the two channels, however, and due to the requirements for the receiver, which must receive and process two separate channels at the same time. This is not possible with the systems commonly used on the market.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset with which, even when the transmission and / or compression methods mentioned at the outset are used, reproduction of SD images with a particularly natural three-dimensional image impression is possible.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • 3a-c are schematic representations for phase control in successive images.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an application of the device according to the invention in image generation.
  • the essential components of a device according to the invention and their connection fertilize with each other are shown schematically in Figure 1.
  • the arrangement comprises a first input E1, via which the two-dimensional images generated by a camera and transmitted via a transmission link are passed to an A / D converter 10 and digitized.
  • the digitized images are then fed to an image memory 11 and a phase switch 16.
  • the images stored in the image memory 11 are analyzed with a phase analyzer 12, the input of which is connected to the image memory 11 and the output of which is connected to the phase switch 16.
  • a long-term memory 13 is connected to the image memory 11 and is provided for storing images from this memory and the output of which is applied to an image generator 15.
  • the image generator 15 is also connected to a further output of the image memory 11 and a motion analyzer 14 to which images from the image memory 11 are fed.
  • the device also comprises a second input E2 for manual movement control, which is connected to the image generator 15, and a third input E3 for manual phase control, which is applied to the phase switch 16.
  • a right or left stereo image BL, BR is present at two outputs of the phase switch 16, which are connected to a first and second output AI, A2 of the device.
  • a second image sequence is generated from a (first) sequence of two-dimensionally recorded images, which together with the first image sequence enables three-dimensional viewing of the originally two-dimensional images if the first and second image sequences are fed to a left or right eye.
  • the second image sequence is determined in accordance with the following explanations from the image information resulting from the movement in the first image sequence. The following definitions are set:
  • X j be a digitized image at time t with horizontal resolution I and vertical resolution J.
  • the sampling rate is ⁇ t, so that the following formula results for an image scanned at time k and stored in image memory 11:
  • the last K images are located in the image memory 11 with the length K.
  • BL designate the left image currently being visualized and BR the right image currently being visualized.
  • the images x k in the image memory 11 are viewed as samples (sampled image sequence according to curve b in FIG. 2) of a continuous function (actual image sequence according to curve a in FIG. 2).
  • Various approximation methods can be applied to this function.
  • the following explanations in connection with FIG. 2 relate to a linear spline approximation.
  • other approximation methods can also be used in a corresponding manner, for example higher-degree or polynomial approximation methods.
  • Figure 2 shows an image sequence in two-dimensional (I / J) space.
  • the second image sequence is calculated with the image generator 15 as follows: First, ⁇ u is calculated as the largest integer that is less than or equal to ⁇ . Then ⁇ 0 is calculated as the smallest integer that is greater than or equal. It is:
  • image sequence BL for a left viewing channel is calculated by the current actual images of the first image sequence x °, x 1 , etc. and the (second) image sequence B R for a right viewing channel (right eye) by approximation.
  • N is a fixed number with N> M, then:
  • dj be the similarity of the scan image with an equally large partial image from the search area with the shift position 1, where: -N ⁇ 1 ⁇ + N.
  • the value of 1 runs from -N to + N, 1 denoting the current shift position of a field in the search area.
  • a Euclidean distance or an absolute amount can also be selected as a similarity measure.
  • the scan image x s runs like a scanner over the search area (FIG. 3b) of the image x 1 (previous image) and searches for the area that contains the exhibits greatest similarity d ⁇ to the scan image, the similarity dj being calculated for each displacement position 1.
  • an integer ⁇ is defined, which can be referred to as the moment of inertia and with which, according to FIG. 3 c, a fuzzy state is defined. This serves to take into account camera movement, which should not be seen as a shift in the image.
  • the value of ⁇ is approximately -1 ⁇ ⁇ 1.
  • I m i n ⁇ this means that the area of greatest similarity in the search area is shifted to the left, and thus there is a predominant direction of movement in successive images x 1 , x ° of the first image sequence from left to right. This can be done by moving an object in the pictures from left to right or by moving the camera from right to left.
  • an indicator "shift" in the phase switch 16 is set to "left".
  • next image is then read in and the same sequence for this image is repeated, starting with the determination of the minimum value of the similarity measure d m j n .
  • This automatic phase control or switching can also be switched off and replaced, for example, by manual switching with a keyboard via the third input of the device.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 furthermore includes the motion analyzer 14, by means of which a dynamic movement control or determination prevents the stereo base from becoming too large during fast movements. It also ensures that when the movements are very slow, a certain minimum width of the stereo base is retained before it disappears in images without movement.
  • the long-term memory 13 is provided, from which images are read out and used as images of the second image sequence if the movements are too slow.
  • the similarity measure d k at time t k is defined as follows:
  • This measure of similarity is therefore dependent on the extent to which the entire content of a next picture in a picture sequence differs from the previous picture content and thus represents a measure of the speed of the movement in the pictures. that.
  • a Euclidean distance or an absolute amount can also be selected for the calculation of the similarity measure instead of the cross correlation described.
  • the individual color values of the selected color space RGB or YUV must always be processed separately.
  • d k ⁇ o it means that the movements in successive images are very slow or zero. In this case, the transmission of the values of x k into the long-term memory 13 is stopped, so that images remain there which have a sufficient difference in motion. In addition, images stored in the long-term memory are used to generate the second image sequence, in order to maintain a minimum stereo base width.
  • the value of the approximation variable ⁇ is changed as a function of the size of the similarity measure d k relative to the threshold values ⁇ o, ⁇ i, ⁇ 2 as follows:
  • the new approximation variable ⁇ : ⁇ - s is set.
  • the letter s denotes a step size, which is preferably 0.1, but can also assume other values.
  • This dynamic movement control like the automatic phase control, can also be switched off and replaced by manual input, for example with a keyboard, via the second input of the device.
  • the method described is preferably carried out using a data processing program on a computer, in particular a digital image processing system for generating a three-dimensional reproduction of two-dimensionally transmitted or stored television images.
  • FIG. 4 finally shows a block diagram of a device (stereo decoder or stereo viewer) for generating and reproducing 3D images which are calculated from a sequence of 2D images transmitted over a transmission link or read out from a storage medium.
  • a device stereo decoder or stereo viewer
  • the device comprises a first input 21, at which the 2D images transmitted and demodulated or decompressed in a known manner are applied. Furthermore, a second input 22 is provided, which is connected, for example, to a DVD player, a video recorder or another image source.
  • a driver 28 for shutter glasses 29, a driver 30 for an autostereoscopic monitor 31 and a driver 32 for a stereo projector 33 are shown here as examples.
  • This device is preferably designed as part of a digital image processing system for generating a three-dimensional reproduction of two-dimensionally transmitted or stored television images.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de production d'images 3D, permettant de produire, sur une image d'une première suite fournie d'images 2D, une image d'une deuxième suite d'images, avec un intervalle de temps pouvant être prédéterminé par une variable d'approximation (α). Une mesure de similitude (dk) entre des images successives de la première série est déterminée et comparée avec des valeurs seuils (δ0 < δ1 < δ2), afin de modifier, en fonction de cela, la variable d'approximation (α) de telle façon que la largeur de base stéréo ne soit pas anormalement élevée. En outre, on calcule, au moyen d'un analyseur de phase (12), un sens de déplacement prépondérant dans les images successives de la première série d'images, cependant qu'au moyen d'un inverseur de phase (16), on attribue l'image de la première et de la deuxième suites d'images à une voie d'observation gauche, ou droite, en fonction du sens de déplacement prépondérant des images successives de la première série.
EP01925518A 2000-04-01 2001-04-01 Procede et dispositif de production d'images 3d Withdrawn EP1305956A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10016074A DE10016074B4 (de) 2000-04-01 2000-04-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von 3D-Bildern
DE10016074 2000-04-01
PCT/EP2001/003707 WO2001076258A2 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-04-01 Procede et dispositif de production d'images 3d

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1305956A2 true EP1305956A2 (fr) 2003-05-02

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EP01925518A Withdrawn EP1305956A2 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-04-01 Procede et dispositif de production d'images 3d

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7254264B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1305956A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP4843753B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100838351B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU783045B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2404966A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10016074B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001076258A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001076258A3 (fr) 2002-09-12
US20030098907A1 (en) 2003-05-29
KR20040010040A (ko) 2004-01-31
AU5224001A (en) 2001-10-15
AU783045B2 (en) 2005-09-22
US7254264B2 (en) 2007-08-07
DE10016074B4 (de) 2004-09-30
DE10016074A1 (de) 2001-10-04
WO2001076258A2 (fr) 2001-10-11
US20070269136A1 (en) 2007-11-22
JP2004504736A (ja) 2004-02-12
JP4843753B2 (ja) 2011-12-21
KR100838351B1 (ko) 2008-06-16
CA2404966A1 (fr) 2001-10-11

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