EP1299715A1 - Dispositif et procede servant a determiner l'humidite contenue dans des gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede servant a determiner l'humidite contenue dans des gaz

Info

Publication number
EP1299715A1
EP1299715A1 EP01960463A EP01960463A EP1299715A1 EP 1299715 A1 EP1299715 A1 EP 1299715A1 EP 01960463 A EP01960463 A EP 01960463A EP 01960463 A EP01960463 A EP 01960463A EP 1299715 A1 EP1299715 A1 EP 1299715A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
moisture
humidity
measuring device
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP01960463A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Rombach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Testo SE and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Testo SE and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Testo SE and Co KGaA filed Critical Testo SE and Co KGaA
Publication of EP1299715A1 publication Critical patent/EP1299715A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/56—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a measuring device according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 for determining the moisture in gases.
  • the absolute humidity indicates the volume of evaporated liquid per gas volume unit (usually in g / m 3 ).
  • the relative humidity results from the quotient of the absolute humidity and the saturation humidity, the latter indicating the maximum possible volume of evaporated liquid per unit gas volume.
  • the saturation humidity depends on the temperature.
  • capacitive moisture sensors which contain a capacitor, the capacitance value of which changes as a function of the humidity of the gas surrounding the sensor. Problems can occur with such sensors, particularly at high humidities.
  • German Patent 28 51 686 C2 to heat the moisture sensor in order to keep it at a temperature above the temperature of the gas.
  • the ambient temperature and the temperature of the sensor are required, for which additional measurements and measuring devices are required.
  • a complex control circuit is required in this known device.
  • WO 97/02468 it is known from WO 97/02468 to keep a moisture sensor at a constant temperature by heating, which is above the temperature of the gas.
  • the known device is used to determine the absolute humidity in a gas, for which the absolute temperature of the gas is required in addition to a measured value supplied by a humidity sensor. An additional measurement and measuring device is required for this.
  • the working range is limited by the constant working temperature of the sensor. Moisture measurement is only possible without the risk of moisture forming on the sensor if the temperature of the gas is below the working temperature of the sensor.
  • a computational correction of the measured value obtained for the absolute humidity is necessary.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a humidity sensor for determining the relative moisture in gases available • which can be used independent of the gas temperature, and are necessary in the no additional measurements for determining the moisture content.
  • the measuring device has a heating device thermally coupled to the humidity sensor, which is designed to keep the humidity sensor at an operating temperature that is at least approximately constant differential temperature above an ambient temperature of the humidity sensor.
  • the condensation of liquid on the moisture sensor is reliably prevented in that the temperature of the sensor is kept above the ambient temperature independently of the ambient temperature.
  • a conventional capacitive humidity sensor for determining the relative humidity in a gas can be used as the humidity sensor in the measuring device according to the invention. These sensors have a first and a second electrode with an intermediate moisture-sensitive dielectric, the dielectric constant of which changes as a function of the moisture.
  • suitable evaluation circuits can be used to determine the moisture in the vicinity of the sensor via the capacitance of the capacitor. Due to the increased temperature at the moisture sensor caused by the heating, the measured value determined by the moisture sensor shows a deviation from the actual one Moisture in the gas, the greater the difference in temperature, the greater this deviation.
  • This deviation of the determined value from the actual value can, however, already be taken into account during the adjustment, or the factory adjustment, of the moisture sensor, so that during the use of the measuring device, in addition to the initial value of the moisture sensor, no further measured variables for determining the relative humidity in the gas are required.
  • the heating device for heating the moisture sensor has an electrical heating element, to which a constant electrical power is supplied.
  • the heating element is in particular a heating resistor which is connected to a constant voltage source or to a constant current source.
  • the power converted into heat in the resistor then results as the quotient of the square of the applied voltage and the resistance value, or the product of the square of the current flowing into the heating resistor and the resistance value.
  • the heated humidity sensor which is preferably a conventional capacitive humidity sensor, provides a measured value which is dependent on the relative humidity at the humidity sensor, or in its immediate vicinity.
  • the relative humidity in a gas is temperature-dependent, so that the heating of the humidity sensor to a temperature above the gas temperature leads to a deviation between the relative humidity determined at the humidity sensor and the relative humidity prevailing in the other areas of the gas at a lower temperature .
  • a correction unit is provided in the evaluation unit, which provides a corrected measured value of the relative humidity from a first measured value determined on the basis of the capacitance of the moisture sensor, this corrected measured value being proportional to the relative humidity in the gas or the relative humidity in corresponds to the gas.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for determining the relative humidity in a gas by means of a measuring device which has a humidity sensor and an evaluation unit connected to it, and a heating device thermally coupled to the humidity sensor.
  • the humidity sensor is kept at an operating temperature by means of the heating device, which is at least approximately a differential temperature above an ambient temperature of the humidity sensor.
  • an electrical heating device is used in particular, in which a time-constant electrical power is converted into heat and delivered to the moisture sensor.
  • the following method steps are provided for calibrating the measuring device.
  • the moisture sensor with the heating device thermally coupled to it is introduced into a gas at a known first relative humidity and a known temperature, a first adjustment value for the relative humidity being determined by means of the moisture measuring device.
  • the known first relative humidity which corresponds to the actual humidity of the gas to be measured, represents a first corrected measured value for the first adjustment value supplied by the humidity sensor.
  • the humidity sensor with the heating device becomes a gas with a known second one Relative humidity and the known first temperature, wherein a second adjustment value for the relative humidity is determined by means of the humidity sensor.
  • the known second relative humidity forms a second corrected measured value for the second adjustment value supplied by the humidity sensor.
  • parameters are subsequently determined which enable the measurement values supplied by the humidity sensor to be converted into the actual values of the relative humidity.
  • FIG. 1 block diagram of a measuring device according to the invention according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 plan view of a heating element and a moisture sensor, which are glued together; 3 top view of a heating element and a moisture sensor which are in direct contact;
  • FIG. 4 shows a front view of an arrangement of heating element and moisture sensor which are arranged next to one another;
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a measuring device according to the invention with a detailed representation of the humidity sensor and the heating device as well as the evaluation unit connected to the humidity sensor;
  • Fig. 6 graphical representation of the output signal of a moisture sensor and the actual moisture in the gas to be measured.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an inventive
  • the measuring device for determining the relative humidity in gases.
  • the measuring device has a humidity sensor 10 and an evaluation unit 20 connected to the humidity sensor 10 for providing a measurement value dependent on a relative humidity in a gas.
  • the evaluation unit 20 has in particular a display, not shown in FIG. 1, in order to output a determined measured value to a user.
  • a heating device 30 is provided in the measuring device according to the invention, wherein a heating element 32 of the heating device is thermally coupled to the moisture sensor 10.
  • the heating device 30 is designed in such a way that the moisture sensor 10 is kept at an operating temperature which is constant by a th differential temperature is kept above an ambient temperature of the gas to be measured.
  • This heating means that even at high relative humidities, no liquid condenses on the moisture sensor, which could lead to falsifications of the measurement result and / or damage to the moisture sensor.
  • the heating prevents the relative humidity in the area of the sensor from reaching high values at which a drift of the measurement signal could occur.
  • the heating device 30 is designed as an electrical heating device in which an electrical power which is constant over time is converted into heat becomes.
  • the heating device 30 has a constant voltage source 34, which is connected to the heating element 32.
  • the heating element 32 preferably has an ohmic resistance or consists of such an ohmic resistance. 2 to 4 show different exemplary embodiments for the thermal coupling of the heating element 32A; 32B; 32C; and the humidity sensor 10A; 10B; IOC.
  • FIG. 2a shows a side view of a plate-shaped heating element 32A and a plate-shaped moisture sensor 10A, which are connected by means of a heat-conducting adhesive 40, which is introduced between the heating element 32A and the moisture sensor 10A.
  • the contact surface for the adhesive 40 is both the heating element 32A and the moisture sensor 10A selected one of the faces, which has a largeêtnin- • holding in relation to the other surfaces of the respective element, so as to achieve a good thermal coupling between the heating element 32A and the humidity sensor 10A.
  • FIG. 3 which likewise shows a side view of a heating element 32B and a thermally coupled moisture sensor 10B
  • the heating element 32B and the moisture sensor 10B are likewise joined to one another on side surfaces which are in relation to other side surfaces of the respective element 32B, 10B have a large area to enable good thermal coupling of the heating element 32B and the moisture sensor 10B.
  • a heat-conducting adhesive is dispensed with in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3. Instead, the heating element 32B and the moisture sensor 10B are joined directly, which can be done, for example, by directly applying a heating resistor as the heating element 32B on the sensor 10 in a method using thin-film or thick-film technology.
  • heating element 32C and moisture sensor IOC in plan view, heating element 32C and moisture sensor IOC being joined to one another on narrower sides, so that the front and rear sides of plate-shaped heating element 32C and plate-shaped heating element 32C Moisture sensor IOC lie approximately in one plane.
  • the humidity sensor 10 is preferably a conventional capacitive humidity sensor for determining the relative humidity in gases.
  • a moisture sensor 10 is shown schematically in a side view in FIG. 5. It has a first plate-shaped electrode 12 and a second plate-shaped electrode rode 14 with an intermediate moisture-sensitive dielectric 16, which form a capacitor 11.
  • the dielectric constant of this dielectric 16 varies with the moisture which is present in the region of the dielectric 16, the first electrode 12 being permeable to moisture so that moisture can penetrate to the dielectric 16.
  • the first electrode 12 preferably consists of a porous material or is formed like a grid.
  • the value of the dielectric constant of the dielectric 16 which value depends on the moisture in the environment, determines the capacitance of this capacitor, which is composed of the first electrode 12, the second electrode 14 and the dielectric 16.
  • the moisture sensor 10 is connected to the evaluation unit 20 for evaluating the dielectric constant or the capacitor capacitance, and thus for determining the relative humidity in the vicinity of the moisture sensor 10.
  • the evaluation unit preferably has a resonant circuit (not shown in more detail), the capacitor 11 being part of this resonant circuit and the capacitance of the capacitor 11 being determined on the basis of the resonant frequency of this resonant circuit.
  • a resonant circuit (not shown in more detail)
  • the capacitor 11 being part of this resonant circuit and the capacitance of the capacitor 11 being determined on the basis of the resonant frequency of this resonant circuit.
  • a conversion or standardization of these values into the values of the relative humidity is necessary. Since manufacturing tolerances occur during the production of the capacitors, the conversion variables or standardization variables differ from moisture sensor to moisture sensor.
  • the adjustment of a measuring device before the first use is known and is carried out, for example, by means of a potentiometer in the evaluation circuit, which is set in the factory in order to compensate for tolerances in the capacitor due to production.
  • the evaluation unit has a first evaluation unit 22 which outputs a first measurement signal M 1 which is dependent on the capacitance of the capacitor and thus on the moisture in the region of the moisture sensor 10.
  • a first measurement signal M 1 which is dependent on the capacitance of the capacitor and thus on the moisture in the region of the moisture sensor 10.
  • the relative humidity in a gas is temperature-dependent. It results from the quotient of the absolute humidity, which indicates the volume of evaporated liquid per gas volume unit, and the saturation humidity, which indicates the maximum possible volume of evaporated liquid per gas volume unit. It applies here that, given a given absolute humidity of the gas, the relative humidity decreases with increasing temperature. The value for the relative humidity determined on the humidity sensor 10 is therefore always lower in the measuring device according to the invention than the actual value of the relative humidity in the gas.
  • FIG. 6 shows first measured values M1 of the first evaluation unit 22 for different values of the relative humidity between 0% and 100%.
  • the curve marked N represents the actual moisture values or the desired output of the measuring device for these moisture values. As can be seen, the first measured values M 1 deviate from the actual measured values N. These deviations result on the one hand from manufacturing tolerances of the condenser of the moisture sensor and from the heating of the moisture sensor. For the sake of completeness, FIG. 6 shows a curve of measured values MO which are determined with the same moisture sensor without heating.
  • a correction unit 24 is connected downstream of the first evaluation unit 22 in the measuring device according to FIG. 5, which converts the first measured values M1 into the associated corrected measured values N.
  • All first measured values Ml can be converted into actual measured values (standardized measured values) using the relationships given for Ml and N using the following equation:
  • the calculation or assignment of the first measured values M1 to the actual measured values N for the relative humidity can be done in. the correction unit in different ways.
  • a computing unit is provided in the correction unit, which calculates the actual measured values N from the first measured values M 1 using equation (1), the actual measured values N being output to a display unit 26.
  • the two parameters of equation (1) are in the
  • Correction unit saved during factory adjustment.
  • the determination of the two parameters c, d is based on the equation of the straight line of the first measured values Ml. To set up this straight line equation, two measured values for different humidities at a constant temperature are sufficient.
  • the parameters determined for converting the first measured values Ml into the output standardized measured values N are largely independent of the temperature.
  • an equation for the straight line of the first measured values M1 was created from only two measured values, which were measured at a temperature of 25 ° C. and known relative humidities of 11% and 75%.
  • the parameters c and d were determined and stored, the relative humidity of gases, the temperature of which was between -30 ° C. and., Subsequently being determined in the evaluation unit of the moisture sensor using the first measured values M 1 and equation (1) was 120 ° C, without a significant temperature-related deviation of the output measurement results from the actual values of the relative humidity being observed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure servant à déterminer l'humidité contenue dans des gaz, se caractérisant par: un capteur d'humidité (10) et une unité de détection (20) associée servant à produire une valeur de mesure dépendant de l'humidité relative contenue dans un gaz; un dispositif de chauffage (30) couplé thermiquement au capteur d'humidité (10). Le dispositif de chauffage (30) est formé de manière à maintenir le capteur d'humidité (10) à une température de fonctionnement qui est supérieure à la température ambiante du capteur de température, d'une valeur de température différentielle au moins approximativement constante.
EP01960463A 2000-07-11 2001-07-04 Dispositif et procede servant a determiner l'humidite contenue dans des gaz Ceased EP1299715A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10033620A DE10033620A1 (de) 2000-07-11 2000-07-11 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Feuchte in Gasen
DE10033620 2000-07-11
PCT/EP2001/007654 WO2002004933A1 (fr) 2000-07-11 2001-07-04 Dispositif et procede servant a determiner l'humidite contenue dans des gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299715A1 true EP1299715A1 (fr) 2003-04-09

Family

ID=7648516

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01960463A Ceased EP1299715A1 (fr) 2000-07-11 2001-07-04 Dispositif et procede servant a determiner l'humidite contenue dans des gaz

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7013700B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1299715A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4298288B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1225651C (fr)
BR (1) BR0112468A (fr)
DE (1) DE10033620A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002004933A1 (fr)

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DE10335553A1 (de) * 2003-08-02 2005-02-17 E + E Elektronik Ges.M.B.H. Verfahren und Anordnung zur Feuchtemessung
DE102005012373B4 (de) * 2005-03-17 2007-11-15 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Verfahren zur Kalibrierung von Feuchtesensoren in Klimageräten und Klimagerät
ES2616513T3 (es) * 2008-09-03 2017-06-13 Testo Ag Procedimiento y dispositivo para la captación de valores de medición e indicación de los valores de medición
SI22895B (en) 2008-10-27 2018-04-30 Institut "JoĹľef Stefan" METHOD AND CAPACITY SENSOR FOR AEROSOL WARNING PROTECTION
JP4976469B2 (ja) * 2009-08-28 2012-07-18 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 熱式湿度センサ
US8413505B2 (en) * 2010-10-27 2013-04-09 Gudeng Precision Industrial Co, Ltd Temperature and humidity measuring device deployed on substrate
CN102607981B (zh) * 2012-03-12 2014-08-13 陈洁 “加法”湿度测量方法
JP2016509226A (ja) * 2013-02-22 2016-03-24 ヴァイサラ オーワイジェー ラジオゾンデおよび高温で実施される大気測定方法
US10031097B1 (en) * 2013-03-05 2018-07-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Electrical response using nanotubes on a fibrous substrate
CN104062326B (zh) * 2013-03-22 2017-03-01 联想(北京)有限公司 环境检测方法和装置
CN104236620B (zh) * 2013-06-14 2018-06-15 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 具有温湿度传感器的电子装置及湿度显示方法
WO2015151535A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-08 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Dispositif de détection de grandeurs physiques
US9907506B2 (en) * 2014-05-22 2018-03-06 Empire Technology Development Llc Devices and methods for measuring skin moisture
CN108287185B (zh) * 2018-01-09 2024-01-12 南京信息工程大学 一种探空湿度传感器、制备方法、探空湿度测量系统及测量方法
EP3654027B1 (fr) * 2018-11-14 2021-11-03 MEAS France Étalonnage d'un dispositif de capteur d'humidité
US11340209B2 (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-05-24 Wagner Electronic Products, Inc. Measuring humidity or moisture with sensor drift compensation
DE102019110537B3 (de) * 2019-04-24 2020-07-23 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln der Materialfeuchtigkeit eines Materials

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040012912A1 (en) 2004-01-22
JP4298288B2 (ja) 2009-07-15
BR0112468A (pt) 2003-07-29
WO2002004933A1 (fr) 2002-01-17
US7013700B2 (en) 2006-03-21
CN1441900A (zh) 2003-09-10
JP2004503746A (ja) 2004-02-05
CN1225651C (zh) 2005-11-02
DE10033620A1 (de) 2002-01-31

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