EP1296916A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von squalen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von squalenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1296916A1 EP1296916A1 EP01960373A EP01960373A EP1296916A1 EP 1296916 A1 EP1296916 A1 EP 1296916A1 EP 01960373 A EP01960373 A EP 01960373A EP 01960373 A EP01960373 A EP 01960373A EP 1296916 A1 EP1296916 A1 EP 1296916A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- squalene
- weight
- extraction
- extract
- carries out
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Triacontane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940032094 squalane Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 acyclic triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNZUNIKWNYHEJJ-FMIVXFBMSA-N geranyl acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CCC(C)=O HNZUNIKWNYHEJJ-FMIVXFBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNZUNIKWNYHEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N geranyl acetone Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=O HNZUNIKWNYHEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014666 liquid concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010686 shark liver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069764 shark liver oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTFXVDWCEPLDDY-UHFFFAOYSA-L triphenyl(4-triphenylphosphaniumylbutyl)phosphanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCC[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WTFXVDWCEPLDDY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/21—Alkatrienes; Alkatetraenes; Other alkapolyenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/10—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C9/00—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons
- C07C9/22—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons with more than fifteen carbon atoms
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of cosmetic oil bodies and relates to a process for the production of squalene by extraction of vegetable oil residues.
- Squalane (2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosane) belongs to the group of acyclic triterpenes and is usually obtained by hydrogenation of squalene (2,6,10, 15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracoshexaene) and is used as a particularly non-polar oil body for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
- the unsaturated base i.e.
- squalene can be obtained synthetically, for example by reacting hexaphenyl-1,4-butanediyldiphosphonium dibromide with 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one, but the reaction is technical very complex. Squalene or squalane produced in this way is therefore very expensive, especially since the required degree of purity for commercial use can hardly be achieved.
- squalene or squalane such as shark liver oil or distillates, which are obtained from the extraction of vegetable oils, especially olive oil.
- marine squalane which can be obtained, for example, by extraction, is less suitable for cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications because, despite all deodorization measures, it generally has an unpleasant odor and contains undesirable impurities.
- the subject of the Spanish patent application ES 2011259 (Hispano Qufmica) is a similar process for the production of phytosqualan, in which the acidic pressing residue is freed from fatty acids by distillation and saponification, the residue is hydrogenated, the paraffins are frozen out (“winterization”) and the pure
- the Spanish patent specification ES 2063697 proposes to carry out the deparaffination by washing with sulfuric acid
- a similar process is the subject of German patent DE 19830171 CI (Cognis) -A Hei 09/176057 (Koyo Fine Chemicals) discloses a process for the production of squalane, in which a fraction resulting from the distillative purification of olive oil with a content of 35% by weight squalene and 50% by weight free fatty acids freed from the acids and hydrogenated, then the squalane-containing fraction i n Dissolved isopropyl alcohol and dewaxed by adding urea.
- squalane After separation of the solvent, the squalane is obtained in a purity of 93%.
- Another method for producing vegetable squalanes is known from Japanese patent application JP-A Hei 06/306387 (Nisshin Oil Mills). Residues of oils containing squalene, such as olive oil, soybean oil or palm oil, are first hydrogenated and then purified by fractional crystallization. Furthermore, it is proposed in Japanese patent application JP-A Hei 06/306388 (Nisshin Oil Mills) to take up the acidic distillates after the hydrogenation in organic solvents and to filter them under pressure through molecular sieves.
- German patent application DE 4316620 AI discloses a multi-stage process for the production of vegetable squalene, in which residues from olive oil production are saponified, split, the fatty acids esterified and the valuable substance obtained by extraction with supercritical or subcritical gases.
- this process is technically complex because of its many individual steps.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a new, simple and environmentally compatible process for the production of the intermediate squalene, which should be distinguished in particular by the fact that the target product is obtained in high purity without the use of organic solvents. Description of the invention
- the invention relates to a process for the production of squalene, in which hydrocarbon-containing intermediates from the processing of vegetable oils are extracted with a compressed gas, and the squalene is thereby enriched in the raffinate, while the impurities are removed as an extract.
- squalene can be obtained in purities of over 80% by weight in a single process step.
- the method according to the invention permits a thermally gentle and thus energy and environmentally friendly treatment of the starting materials, in which the use of solvents is completely dispensed with.
- the extractants used are non-toxic, neither flammable nor corrosive, inexpensive and available in high purity.
- the squalene is obtained absolutely solvent-free, while the extractant can be easily recovered and then recycled.
- Suitable starting materials for the production of squalene are, for example, steam condensates from the refining of vegetable oils, such as palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil or sunflower oil, which have a notable hydrocarbon content.
- steam condensate means products that are obtained after deodorising vegetable oils with water vapor and precipitating the vapors.
- Damper condensates from the refining of olive oil are particularly suitable, since they contain almost exclusively unsaponifiable components that can be easily extracted.
- the extraction of the squalene-containing starting materials can be carried out in a manner known per se.
- Carbon dioxide is particularly suitable as a solvent.
- the extraction can be in one stage, for example in a stirred autoclave or in several stages, for example in a countercurrent column, at a pressure in the range from 60 to 300 and in particular 100 to 140 bar and a temperature in the range from 20 to 80 and in particular 40 to 50 ° C performed become.
- the multi-stage procedure offers the advantage of particularly high squalene contents.
- the separation of the extract can then be carried out at a pressure in the range from 50 to 80 and in particular 55 to 60 bar and a temperature in the range from 60 to 120 and in particular 75 to 85 ° C.
- the squalene can then be hydrogenated to squalane in a manner known per se.
- Example 1 250 g of a damper condensate consisting of 130 g squalene and 120 g residual components (corresponding to a squalene content of 52% by weight) were mixed at 700C with 700 g liquid carbon dioxide in an autoclave. A pressure of 147 bar was established. 60 mg of a gas-free sample from the lighter extract phase contained 19.7 mg squalene (corresponding to 32.8% by weight), while 1.9 g of a gas-free sample from the heavier raffinate phase contained 1.02 g (corresponding to 53.7% by weight) .-%) found.
- Example 2 250 g of a damper condensate consisting of 138.5 g of squalene and 111.5 g of residual components (corresponding to a squalene content of 55.4% by weight) were mixed with 694 g of supercritical carbon dioxide in an autoclave at 40 ° C. A pressure of 121 bar was established. 47.6 mg of a gas-free sample from the lighter extract phase contained 13.1 mg squalene (corresponding to 27.5% by weight), while 1.82 g of a gas-free sample from the heavier raffinate phase contained 1.04 g (corresponding 57.0% by weight) were found.
- Example 3 250 g of a damper condensate consisting of 212.5 g squalene and 37.5 g residual components (corresponding to a squalene content of 85.0% by weight) were mixed in an autoclave at 40 ° C. with 851 g supercritical carbon dioxide. A pressure of 147 bar was established. 36.5 mg of a gas-free sample from the lighter extract phase contained 22.3 mg of squalene (corresponding to 61.1% by weight), while 1.35 g (corresponding to 86, 3% by weight) were found.
- Example 4 250 g of a damper condensate consisting of 69.1 g squalene and 180.9 g residual components (corresponding to a squalene content of 27.7% by weight) were mixed at 80 ° C. with 48 g supercritical carbon dioxide in an autoclave. A pressure of 50 bar was established. A sample from the gas phase consisted of 100% by weight of carbon dioxide, which indicates that the extractant can be completely regenerated under these conditions.
- Example 5 The extraction of a squalene-rich product was carried out at 40 ° C. and 120 bar in a high-pressure column with an effective separation height of 7 m. 10 kg / h of the starting product were added to the top of the column. The feed product contained 55.4% by weight of squalene, so that the feed stream was composed of 5.54 kg / h of squalene and 4.46 kg / h of accompanying substances. A stream of pure carbon dioxide (220 kg / h) was introduced into the column in countercurrent. An extract was obtained at the top of the column flow of a total of 223 kg / h.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10031994A DE10031994A1 (de) | 2000-06-30 | 2000-06-30 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Squalen |
| DE10031994 | 2000-06-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/007208 WO2002002491A1 (de) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung von squalen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1296916A1 true EP1296916A1 (de) | 2003-04-02 |
Family
ID=7647416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01960373A Withdrawn EP1296916A1 (de) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung von squalen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040015033A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1296916A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004502657A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20030036246A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10031994A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002002491A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040231845A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-11-25 | Cooke Claude E. | Applications of degradable polymers in wells |
| US20090107684A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2009-04-30 | Cooke Jr Claude E | Applications of degradable polymers for delayed mechanical changes in wells |
| US8026531B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2011-09-27 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device |
| WO2013065051A1 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-10 | Naveh Pharma (1996) Ltd. | Formulation and device for treating ceruminosis |
| FR2989373B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-16 | 2016-05-06 | Roquette Freres | Procede de raffinage du squalene produit par microalgues |
| JP6216769B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-16 | 2017-10-18 | ロケット フレールRoquette Freres | 微細藻類により産生されるスクアレンを精製する方法 |
| KR101789522B1 (ko) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-10-26 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 이산화탄소로부터의 스쿠알렌 생산능을 갖는 형질전환된 시네코코커스 일롱게투스 균주 및 이를 이용한 스쿠알렌 생산방법 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES8703824A1 (es) * | 1986-01-04 | 1987-03-01 | Itg Intergrup S A | Un procedimiento para la obtencion de hexametiltetracosacuas y hexametiltetracasanos, a partir de materias primas de origen vegetal. |
| FR2803598B1 (fr) * | 2000-01-12 | 2002-04-26 | Pharmascience Lab | Procede d'extraction des insaponifiables des huiles vegetales au moyen de chloro-1-butane, composition comprenant ces insaponifiables |
| BR0106522A (pt) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-09-09 | Resitec Ind Quimica Ltda | Processo para separar produtos valiosos insaponificáveis obtidos de matérias primas diversas |
| US7416756B2 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2008-08-26 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the recovery of a phytolipid composition |
| MY146635A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2012-09-14 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | Specialty palm oil products and other specialty vegetable oil products |
-
2000
- 2000-06-30 DE DE10031994A patent/DE10031994A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-06-21 KR KR1020027017713A patent/KR20030036246A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-21 US US10/312,216 patent/US20040015033A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-21 JP JP2002507750A patent/JP2004502657A/ja active Pending
- 2001-06-21 EP EP01960373A patent/EP1296916A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-21 WO PCT/EP2001/007208 patent/WO2002002491A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0202491A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040015033A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
| DE10031994A1 (de) | 2002-01-10 |
| KR20030036246A (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
| JP2004502657A (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
| WO2002002491A1 (de) | 2002-01-10 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BONAKDAR, MEHDI Inventor name: JOHANNISBAUER, WILHELM Inventor name: DRESCHER, MARTIN Inventor name: STEINER, RUDOLF |
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| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE ES FR GB IT LI |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COGNIS IP MANAGEMENT GMBH |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
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