EP1275901B1 - Verdampferbrenner - Google Patents

Verdampferbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1275901B1
EP1275901B1 EP02014269A EP02014269A EP1275901B1 EP 1275901 B1 EP1275901 B1 EP 1275901B1 EP 02014269 A EP02014269 A EP 02014269A EP 02014269 A EP02014269 A EP 02014269A EP 1275901 B1 EP1275901 B1 EP 1275901B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporative
heating
fuel
combustion chamber
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02014269A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1275901A3 (de
EP1275901A2 (de
Inventor
Walter Blaschke
Günter Eberspach
Bruno Dr. Lindl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2001130638 external-priority patent/DE10130638A1/de
Priority claimed from DE2001136292 external-priority patent/DE10136292A1/de
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1275901A2 publication Critical patent/EP1275901A2/de
Publication of EP1275901A3 publication Critical patent/EP1275901A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1275901B1 publication Critical patent/EP1275901B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/06—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners
    • F23Q7/08—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners for evaporating and igniting liquid fuel, e.g. in hurricane lanterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
    • B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
    • B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/40—Burners using capillary action the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00002—Cleaning burner parts, e.g. burner tips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an evaporator burner according to the preamble of claim 1, as used for example in heaters in motor vehicles application.
  • the WO 98/49494 discloses an evaporator burner in which a porous evaporator medium, for example nonwoven material, is arranged in the bottom region of a combustion chamber.
  • a porous evaporator medium for example nonwoven material
  • liquid fuel is passed to distribute this by capillary action in the porous evaporator medium.
  • the fuel vaporizes, so that an ignitable or combustible mixture is formed in the region of the combustion chamber by accumulation of fuel vapor and combustion air.
  • a heating device is provided, which comprises a Glühzündgrating into the region of the combustion chamber.
  • an evaporator burner in which in the bottom region of a combustion chamber, in turn, a porous medium is provided for the distribution and evaporation of fuel.
  • a heating device designed in the manner of a heating coil is provided, which in the region of the porous medium, when energized, can generate the temperatures required for ignition which are in the region of approximately 1100 ° C.
  • An evaporator burner according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from JP 63017305 A known.
  • a porous, wick-like evaporator element is provided at a bottom region of an evaporator housing enclosing a combustion chamber. On its side facing the combustion chamber, this evaporator element can deliver fuel vapor into the combustion chamber. The fuel is supplied via a fuel line adjacent to the side of this evaporator medium which faces away from the combustion chamber.
  • a heating conductor is provided on the side facing away from the combustion chamber side of the porous evaporator medium, which can heat up by its contact with the evaporator medium and thus contribute to increased Brennstoffabdampfung.
  • an evaporator burner for achieving this object, comprising an evaporator medium for feeding fuel vapor into a combustion chamber, a first heating device comprising at least one ignition heating element protruding into the combustion chamber for igniting fuel vapor present in the combustion chamber and at least its heating region a second heater comprising at least one of the evaporator medium for influencing Evaporation heater associated with its vaporization characteristic.
  • the at least one evaporation heating element is arranged on a side of the evaporator medium facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • a further improved protection of the evaporation heating element against excessively high temperatures is achieved in that the evaporator medium is provided on an evaporator medium carrier and that the at least one evaporation heating element is provided on a side facing away from the evaporator medium side of the evaporator medium carrier.
  • the present invention is characterized in that it provides separate heating devices for igniting, on the one hand, and for evaporating the liquid-supplied fuel, on the other hand. These can each be optimally adapted to the requirements imposed on them with regard to the temperatures to be generated by these and the required heating capacities.
  • preheating the fuel to be evaporated the evaporation rate is increased, while still avoiding that heat energy is withdrawn from the flame in the spreading.
  • the flame propagation in the starting phase of such an evaporator burner runs much faster, so that ultimately the full load operation is achieved much faster than with the known from the prior art evaporator burners.
  • a fuel feed channel arrangement is also provided for introducing liquid fuel into the evaporator medium.
  • the fuel feed channel arrangement is designed to distribute the liquid fuel over the evaporator medium. This can be achieved, for example, by virtue of the fact that the fuel feed channel arrangement has at least one annular channel region and / or at least one radial channel region extending radially from a fuel feed line in the evaporator medium or / and an evaporator medium carrier.
  • the inventive evaporator burner preferably has an air feed channel arrangement for feeding air to be combusted with the fuel vapor into the combustion chamber.
  • the air supply duct arrangement has at least one air inlet opening open towards the combustion chamber in a wall delimiting the combustion chamber.
  • the Luftzu Georgiakanalan extract has at least one open to the evaporator medium air inlet opening.
  • the air supply duct arrangement has at least one air supply duct region which passes through the evaporator medium.
  • an essential parameter influencing the rapid propagation of the flame is the heat dissipation occurring in the region of an evaporator burner
  • the at least one evaporation heating element and the evaporator medium are provided on an evaporator medium carrier formed of ceramic material, for improved thermal insulation and thus a further acceleration of the flame propagation are provided.
  • the evaporator medium may comprise porous material which may be designed to be multi-layered in order to obtain the fastest possible diffusion of the liquid fuel in the evaporator medium itself and then to evaporate the dispersed liquid fuel.
  • porous material may be designed to be multi-layered in order to obtain the fastest possible diffusion of the liquid fuel in the evaporator medium itself and then to evaporate the dispersed liquid fuel.
  • nonwoven material can be used here.
  • a general problem that occurs in the operation of evaporator burners on the one hand, the required high variability of burner performance.
  • a ratio of maximum to minimum burner power of at least 4: 1 is required.
  • such evaporator burners should be able to be operated with a large number of different fuels or with fuels of different quality.
  • the usability of winter diesel or Arctic diesel required.
  • an evaporator burner preferably has a cleaning arrangement for removing deposits which deposit in the region of the combustion chamber in the combustion mode.
  • the cleaning arrangement comprises a heating arrangement, by means of which in the region of the combustion chamber one or above a combustion temperature of Deposits lying temperature can be generated.
  • the heating arrangement for generating the lying in the region or above the combustion temperature Temperature is formed at least in the region of the evaporator medium.
  • this heating device also the forms to be used for cleaning heating assembly. Depending on whether a normal evaporation operation or a burn-off operation is then provided for cleaning, this heating device can then be operated with different heating power in order accordingly to generate different temperatures suitable for the different operating phases.
  • the present invention relates to a method for cleaning an evaporator burner, as described above, in which method by activating a heating arrangement heats deposits on a wall surrounding the combustion chamber to a temperature in the range of or above the burning temperature of the deposits and be burned down.
  • the cleaning process is carried out when the heating burner is not in a heating operating state. Since, in the normal heating operating state, the interaction of different system components ensures that fuel and oxygen are input in a combustion-suitable ratio, this measure according to the invention can ensure that oxygen which, per se, does not burn off during a heating operating state phase would be required for the normal combustion of the injected or vaporized fuel is used to burn off the deposits and thus is no longer available for combustion. An impairment of normal operation can thus be avoided.
  • the cleaning process is carried out subsequent to a heating operating state phase of the heating burner.
  • the advantage of this measure is that following a normal heating operating state, the various system components are already heated, so that the burning of the Impurities or deposits required heating power can be reduced accordingly.
  • the method is carried out after a predetermined operating time of the heating burner. In this case, it is thus possible to proceed in such a way that it is possible to monitor how long, possibly since the last cleaning, the heating device has been operated. If a certain maximum number of operating hours is reached here, the cleaning process according to the invention is carried out again.
  • the heating arrangement can then be activated with a duty cycle of less than one.
  • the advantage of this measure is that one can regulate the heating power in a simple manner by the clocked driving of the heater, without being dependent on the available supply voltage or to be essentially limited by this.
  • this has a drive device by which the heating power of at least the second heater is adjustable, wherein a Monitoring module monitors the heating power and / or the required heating power of the second heater and detects based on the monitoring result, the presence of a fuel evaporation.
  • the present invention takes advantage of the fact that in the evaporation of fuel due to the energy required for evaporation and extracted from the environment in the transition from a state in which there is no evaporation to a state in which evaporation is present to maintain the same Temperature, the performance of the evaporation assisting heater must be increased. Otherwise, a cooling down of that area would occur in which the evaporation takes place.
  • This change in the drive characteristic for this heater utilizes the present invention to detect when the transition to the vaporization state occurs.
  • the evaporation heating element comprises an electrically operated heating element with increasing electrical resistance as the temperature increases.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for monitoring the fuel supply to an evaporator burner according to the invention.
  • a method for monitoring the fuel supply to an evaporator burner based on the heating power of the heater and / or a change in the heating power of the heater and / or a required change in the heating power of the heater determines whether a fuel evaporation is present in the combustion chamber of the evaporator burner.
  • the heater in an ignition operation of the evaporator burner in a first phase of operation, the heater is operated at a higher, preferably in the range of maximum heating power lying in a subsequent second phase of operation, the heater with reduced, preferably decreasing heating power and in a further subsequent third phase of operation, the heater is operated with increased again, preferably increasing heating power, at or after transition to the third phase of operation is detected on the presence of fuel vaporization.
  • a heating device assisting the ignition of the vaporized fuel is activated.
  • an evaporator burner When an evaporator burner is disabled, such as by deactivating a combustion assist heater and adjusting the fuel supply can take place, it is advantageous to ensure that remaining fuel residues are completely ejected in the evaporator burner. This can preferably be done by activating a heating device supporting the evaporation and by evaporating off the remaining fuel. Due to the above-described physical effect that energy is required to produce the fuel evaporation, which is provided by corresponding excitation of the associated heater, according to the present invention may further be provided that when the heating power or the required heating power of the evaporation supporting heater decreases, it is recognized that no more fuel for evaporation is available.
  • FIGS. 1-5 A first embodiment of an evaporator burner 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-5.
  • the evaporator burner 10 comprises an air duct housing 12, which is shown only partially, as well as a burner housing 16 which defines it and essentially a longitudinal center axis L of the evaporator burner 10, as indicated schematically by arrows P 1 in FIG supplied in an air supply area 18 of the air guide housing 12 combustion air.
  • the combustion exhaust gases via a discharge region 20 of the air guide housing 12, as indicated by an arrow P 2 , discharged from the area of the evaporator burner 10.
  • the supply of combustion air or the discharge of the resulting exhaust gases during combustion can be carried out in a conventional manner.
  • a flame tube 22 extending along the longitudinal central axis L of the evaporator burner 10 is provided.
  • the flame tube 22 similar to the burner housing 16 in its axially open region, on the air guide housing 12, namely a front housing plate 24 thereof, set.
  • the flame tube 22 is axially open, so that, as indicated by the arrow P 3 , the exhaust gases resulting during combustion flow into an annular space region 28 formed between the flame tube 22 and the burner housing 16 can.
  • the housing plate 24 has in its lower region a slot-like, approximately over an angular range of 180 ° curved extending outlet opening 30.
  • the flame tube 22 is positioned on the housing plate 24 such that this outlet opening 30 is located outside of the space enclosed by the flame tube 22 space area and thus a Connection between the annular space 28 and the discharge area 20 of the air guide housing 12 manufactures.
  • a pot-shaped evaporator medium carrier 32 is attached to the housing plate 24 on the same side as the flame tube 22.
  • the evaporator medium generally designated 34
  • the nonwoven material layer 36 is formed, for example, with finer pore structure than the nonwoven material layer 38.
  • the substantially cylindrical wall portion 40 of the evaporator medium carrier 32 includes a ring-shaped, constructed for example of sheet metal combustion chamber wall part 42 at. In its end region remote from the evaporator medium carrier 32, this has an annular flame diaphragm 44 with a central passage opening.
  • a plurality of slot-like and curved air inlet openings 46 are provided on the housing plate 24.
  • the air inlet openings 46 are - in relation to the longitudinal central axis L - in a radial region between the flame tube 22 and the evaporator medium carrier 32.
  • the combustion air can enter via these air inlet openings 46 in an annular space 48, which is formed between the flame tube 22 and the evaporator medium carrier 32 and the adjoining the evaporator medium carrier 32 region of the Brennschdungsteils 42.
  • This annular space 48 is closed axially by the widening contour of the combustion chamber wall part 42, which then rests against the inner circumference of the flame tube 22.
  • the Brennschdungsteil 42 In its adjoining the evaporator medium carrier 32, approximately cylindrically shaped region, the Brennschdungsteil 42 has a plurality of circumferentially successive and, for example, axially offset air passage openings 50.
  • the air which has reached the annular space 48 via the air inlet openings 46 can thus flow through these air passage openings 50 into the combustion chamber 52 enclosed by the combustion chamber wall part 42 into a region which lies close to the surface of the evaporator medium 34.
  • the bottom portion 54 of the evaporator medium carrier 32 has an opening into which a fuel supply line 56 opens.
  • the fuel supply line 56 terminates before the evaporator medium 34, i. the nonwoven material layer 36 which approaches the bottom region 54.
  • the fuel supplied via the fuel line 56 thus enters the nonwoven material layer 36 in this central region.
  • a disc-like deflecting element 58 can be provided between the two nonwoven material layers 36, 38, which permits the fuel to pass directly axially from the nonwoven material layer 36 into the nonwoven material layer 38 in the longitudinal central axis L prevents near area.
  • radially outwardly extending groove-like channels 60 may be provided in the bottom region 54 of the evaporator medium carrier 32 so that, bypassing the nonwoven material layer 36, further flow paths are radial are available outside.
  • openings 62, 64, 66, 68 are provided in the housing plate 24, the bottom region 54 of the evaporator medium carrier 32 and the two nonwoven material layers 36, 38. This passes through a Glühzünd21 70 so that it protrudes with its provided for providing the ignition temperatures end portion in the combustion chamber 52.
  • an evaporation heating element 72 comprising, for example, a heating wire is provided on the side facing away from the evaporator medium 34 in a recessed region 88. It is understood that both the Glühzünd21 70 and the Verdampfungsheizelement 72 are supplied by appropriate line contacting with electrical energy to heat them by energization.
  • the evaporator burner 10 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 with regard to its constructional structure therefore has two heaters which are designed separately from one another and can also be operated independently of one another.
  • a first of these comprises the Glühzünd21 70, while the second heater comprises the Verdampfungsheizelement 72.
  • the evaporator burner 10 can be operated in particular in the starting state such that by energizing the evaporating heating element 72, the evaporator medium carrier 32 and thus also the carried on this evaporator medium 34 are heated.
  • a heating to a temperature in the range of 400 ° C take place, so that a significant increase in the evaporation rate of the due to capillary action in the evaporator medium 34 distributed fuel is obtained.
  • a temperature of about 1100 ° C is set in the vicinity thereof, which is sufficient to ignite the mixture produced by fuel evaporation on the one hand and combustion air supply on the other hand in the combustion chamber 52, in particular in the near the evaporator medium 34 area thereof.
  • the control of the two heaters ie the Glühzündstattes 70 and the Verdampfungsfloweriatas 72, can be adapted to the respective operating state or external parameters.
  • a higher heating capacity may be required.
  • the evaporator burner 10 is to be operated in the auxiliary heating mode, that is to say an operating mode in which an extremely rapid flame propagation is not absolutely necessary, the excitation of the evaporating heating element 72 can be completely dispensed with, which contributes to the saving of electrical energy.
  • Whether such an evaporator burner 10 is to be operated in the auxiliary heating mode or in the auxiliary heater mode can be recognized, for example, by means of various signals present in the control system of a vehicle, such as a signal supplied by the generator, which is only delivered when the drive unit, ie the internal combustion engine , running.
  • the thermal insulation of the components which heat up during combustion is therefore advantageous, for example, for the evaporator medium carrier 32 shown in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1-3 to be made of thermally highly insulating material, such as e.g. Ceramic material to provide. Since, as can be seen in particular in FIGS.
  • the evaporation heating element 72 provided on the rear side of the bottom region 54 is arranged in a region 88 of reduced wall thickness of the bottom region 54, nevertheless a comparatively good heat transfer to the evaporator medium 34 is achieved in this region ,
  • the combustion chamber wall part 42 of ceramic material or, if appropriate, to form it integrally with the evaporator medium support 32 as well.
  • the combustion chamber wall part 42 may be constructed, for example, as a precision casting or as a sheet metal part.
  • the evaporation heating element on the evaporator medium 32 on the side at which it also the nonwoven material layer 36, i. the evaporator medium 34 carries. It creates a very good thermal contact in this way.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 A modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in particular in the region of the evaporator medium carrier 32, is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. It can be seen here that several air passage openings 74 are provided distributed in the circumferential direction in the wall region 40 of the pot-shaped evaporator medium carrier 32. These are thus in an axial region which is covered by the evaporator medium 34. The air passage openings 74 open into the evaporator medium 34 in their radially inner regions.
  • the combustion air supplied via the air passage openings 74 from the annular space 48 thus first flows through the evaporator medium 34 where it is heated together with the fuel accumulated in the evaporator medium 34 and then exits from the evaporator medium 34 together with the evaporating fuel into the combustion chamber 52. It is thus promoted the generation of a readily ignitable mixture of vaporized fuel and combustion air, so that according to an advantageous variant, the air passage openings 74 are preferably used for supplying ignition air. The then used or required air in the normal combustion state continues to be supplied mainly by the above-mentioned air passage openings 50.
  • FIG. 6-10 An alternative embodiment of an evaporator burner according to the invention is shown in Figs. 6-10.
  • the basic structure of the evaporator burner 10 with regard to the provision of the air guide region 12 and the evaporator housing 16 corresponds to the structure described above.
  • a clear difference, however, is that now to the flame tube 22 concentrically a radially inner air supply pipe 80 is provided.
  • the evaporator medium carrier 32 is , as seen especially in Fig. 6 and 10, formed like a ring segment.
  • the two nonwoven material layers 36, 38 of the evaporator medium 34 are of annular design and point in the interruption region of the Evaporator medium carrier 32, the openings 66, 68.
  • the evaporator medium carrier 32 with the nonwoven material layers 36, 38 carried thereon is arranged surrounding the air supply tube 80 in the bottom region of the combustion chamber 52 so that the nonwoven material layer 38 is again exposed to the combustion chamber 52.
  • the evaporator medium carrier 32 In the surface in contact with the nonwoven material layer 36, the evaporator medium carrier 32 has a groove-like annular channel 86 that is axially open towards the nonwoven material layer 36. In these, the fuel line 56 opens, so that the supplied via the fuel line 56 fuel can be distributed through the channel 86 in the circumferential direction over the entire ring-shaped non-woven material layers 36, 38.
  • the evaporator medium carrier 32 again has a depression 88, in which the evaporation heating element 72, for example formed in turn by a heating coil or comprising such a heating coil, is positioned.
  • the Glühzünd21 70 is carried in such a trained use area 90 such that it passes through its intended high temperatures range the interrupted region of the evaporator medium carrier 32 and the openings 66, 68 in the nonwoven material layers 36, 38, in one with respect to the longitudinal center line L in the example shown skewed configuration.
  • the free end region of the Glühzündtorss 70 is thus positioned near the area in which when energizing the Verdampfungsweettis 72 a comparatively large amount of fuel passes through evaporation in the combustion chamber 52.
  • FIG. 11 An alternative type of fuel supply in this embodiment of an evaporator burner is shown in Fig. 11. It can be seen here that the fuel is not fed via the fuel line 56 in the axial direction in the channel 86, but approximately into a circumferential center region of this channel 86 is introduced from radially outside. Due to the introduction into the circumferential center region of this channel 86, an even better distribution of the supplied fuel can be achieved. It should be noted that in Fig. 11, a circumferentially uninterrupted annular evaporator medium carrier 32 is provided. Here, as will be described below, provision can be made for the appropriate positioning of the Glühzündilss 70 by other positioning of Glühzündworkss 70 or by providing a passage opening, not shown in FIG. 11 for this in the evaporator medium carrier 32.
  • FIG. 12 Another alternative variant of the fuel supply is shown in FIG. 12. It can be seen here that the fuel line 56 is in the groove-like open channel 86 extends into or extends along it. In the region lying in the channel 86, the fuel line 56 has openings 94, via which the fuel can then escape and enter the nonwoven material layer 36.
  • the approximately ring-like distribution of the fuel shown in the variants according to FIGS. 6 to 12 is advantageous, in particular in the case of pulsed fuel supply.
  • an influence on the distribution characteristic can be taken here. For example, it is possible to provide circumferentially distributed apertures 94 with varying dimension or spacing.
  • annular-shaped evaporator medium carrier 32 is preferably formed of ceramic material or other poorly heat-conductive material.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 Another embodiment of an assembly comprising the two heaters or the evaporator medium is shown in FIGS. 13 to 15.
  • the construction corresponds approximately to the structure with central fuel supply described above with reference to FIGS. 1-5.
  • the evaporator medium carrier 32 At the side which carries the nonwoven material layer 36, the evaporator medium carrier 32 has the groove-like channels 60 which extend in a star shape radially outward from the junction region of the fuel line 56.
  • the supplied fuel is distributed over the surface of the nonwoven material layer 36 at the rear side of the nonwoven material layer 36.
  • the embodiment variant shown in FIGS. 13-15 can form a preassembled subassembly, ie the evaporator medium carrier 32, which comprises, for example, multi-layer porous evaporator medium 34 and the two heating devices, that is to say the glow plug pin 70 and the evaporative heating element 72.
  • This assembly can then be integrated in a particularly simple manner in the further manufacturing process of an evaporator burner according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 A modification of such an assembly is shown in FIG. It can be seen here that the Glühzünd21 70 is not integrated into this assembly, but from radially outside - with respect to the longitudinal center line L - in the region of this assembly, ie in the region of the porous evaporator medium 34 projects and with its free end at a small distance is positioned to this.
  • a second heating means by heating the medium which contributes to the distribution as well as the evaporation of the fuel, ensures that there is a high rate of evaporation independent of the flame formation of the fuel, which promotes quicker ignition and better flame spread over the fuel entire combustion chamber has the consequence.
  • the heating element comprising the evaporation heating element has been switched off and then the Glühzündux is no longer energized, there is a normal combustion, in which the introduced into the combustion chamber mixture of vaporized fuel and air is burned.
  • an evaporator burner has been described in which by providing the evaporative heating element 72, especially at the beginning of an operating phase, increased fuel evaporation and hence faster provision of a readily ignitable and combustible mixture of fuel vapor and air can be provided.
  • a problem with such evaporator burners is that they should generally be applicable to a wide variety of fuels and beyond should have a comparatively large Brenner orientalssprektrum.
  • a ratio of maximum to minimum burner power can be around 4: 1.
  • the evaporation heating element by appropriate design of the evaporation heating element, it is ensured that the deposits which form in the combustion mode and which themselves are combustible again are removed at certain points in time.
  • the procedure is such that for the evaporation heating element, a heating element is provided which can generate temperatures that lead to the burning of the deposits. These are temperatures of at least 600 ° C. If such a high temperature is generated by appropriate energization of the evaporation heating element 72, the coke-like deposits are ignited and burnt.
  • the blower with which the combustion air is conveyed into the combustion chamber 52 during normal combustion operation can also be put into operation. In this way, the oxygen required for the burning off of the deposits can be provided in sufficient quantity.
  • Mantelchipleiter As used for such purposes heating elements so-called Mantelchipleiter have proven. These include a resistor embedded in ceramic powder resistance wire. The ceramic powder and this resistance wire are pressed into a heat-resistant steel tube. The essential advantage of this arrangement is that it is electrically non-conductive and thus there is no danger of a short circuit even when producing so-called coke bridges. Furthermore, it is very heat resistant and optimally adaptable to other components due to their good deformability.
  • the heating of the evaporation heating element 72 to such high temperatures that deposits which are also burned in the region of the combustion chamber 52, in particular in the region of the evaporator medium 34, can be carried out at certain times, for example by monitoring the total operating time of the evaporator burner 10. It can be provided in this way more or less periodically be that the entire evaporator burner is brought back into a state in which this can perform a correct combustion operation. Since, during normal combustion operation, the oxygen provided is needed to combust the vaporized fuel, and thus substantially no oxygen is available to burn deposits, it is preferable, according to the present invention, to carry out the burning of the deposits at one time in which the evaporator burner 10 is not in an operating state in which evaporated fuel is burned.
  • the procedure is preferably such that the combustion of the deposits is subsequently carried out on such an operating phase.
  • the advantage is that in this state, various components of the evaporator burner 10 are relatively warm. Thus, the electric power required to perform the burn-off is somewhat lowered.
  • the evaporation heating element 72 In order to be able to use the evaporation heating element 72 in a simple manner either for a normal evaporation operation or for burning off deposits, this is preferably controlled in a clocked manner with a duty cycle different from one. Depending on whether lower temperatures are to be obtained in the evaporation operation or higher temperatures are to be obtained in the burn-off, the duty cycle can be adjusted accordingly. In this way, it is further ensured that the operation of the evaporation heating element 72 becomes substantially independent of the supply voltage. Just the setting of the heating intervals allows easy adjustment of the heating power.
  • Another advantage of performing a cleaning operation in this phase of operation is that, generally after the shutdown of an auxiliary heater or auxiliary heater, the internal combustion engine of a vehicle and the cooling water supplied thereto are at operating temperature and thus also by stopping the auxiliary heater, the load on the supply voltage is reduced. Also, in this phase of operation, in general, the seat heating, the rear and windscreen heating will no longer be in operation.
  • the service life of such an aggregate can be significantly increased. Experiments have shown that even a doubling of the service life can be achieved.
  • the cleaning arrangement 100 formed or comprising substantially the evaporation heating element 72 in the illustrated example can also comprise a separate heating element, which is especially suitable for carrying out cleaning operations.
  • the evaporation heating element, on the one hand, and this heating element specially provided for the cleaning operation, on the other hand, can then each be optimally adapted to their operating requirements.
  • the metering pump via which the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber 52 or conveyed to the evaporator medium 34, is generally monitored for its operation. For example, the coil current of the metering pump can be evaluated and it can be concluded if necessary, whether the metering pump is working properly or not. However, if, for example, there is a liquid leak in the region between the metering pump and the combustion chamber, this can only be partially recognized from the current signal curve of a metering pump coil. In particular, a very precise evaluation of this current waveform would require very expensive electronics. According to the present invention, therefore, it is intended to obtain information about whether or not fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber 52 by including the evaporation heating element. This will be described below.
  • the present invention takes advantage of a particular temperature-resistance relationship of the evaporative heating element 72 provided in the bottom portion of the combustion chamber 52.
  • This is provided in accordance with the principles of the present invention as a so-called PTC element. That is, the evaporation heating element 72 to be energized has an electrical resistance which increases with increasing temperature and correspondingly decreases with decreasing temperature. If the evaporator medium 34 is now to be heated to a temperature suitable for evaporation, for example in the range of 400 ° C., by means of such an evaporation heating element, the evaporation heating element 72 is energized by means of a drive device (not shown). It is preferably done in a clocked manner, i.
  • a voltage is applied to the evaporative heater 72.
  • information can be stored, for example, in the drive device, which reproduces the relationship between the electrical resistance and thus the electric current flowing at a predetermined voltage and the temperature in the region of the evaporation heating element 72. If it is determined that the current flow is approaching a current flow expected for the desired temperature, then the heating power can be gradually reduced by shortening the intervals during which the voltage is applied, i. it also reduces the duty cycle. Upon reaching the desired temperature, ie reaching a current associated with this temperature, then the Verdampfungsheizelement 72 can be operated with a power that essentially only serves to keep the constant temperature.
  • the evaporation heating element 72 is first energized further.
  • the fuel still present in the evaporator medium 34 or the supply line provided for this purpose continues to evaporate, so that care is taken at first to keep the heating power constant so that essentially no liquid fuel remains in the evaporator burner 10 itself. If the entire fuel is then vaporized, no additional heat energy is needed to transfer more fuel into the vapor phase.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP02014269A 2001-06-26 2002-06-26 Verdampferbrenner Expired - Lifetime EP1275901B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001130638 DE10130638A1 (de) 2001-06-26 2001-06-26 Verdampferbrenner
DE10130638 2001-06-26
DE2001136292 DE10136292A1 (de) 2001-07-25 2001-07-25 Verdampferbrenner
DE10136292 2001-07-25

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EP1275901A2 EP1275901A2 (de) 2003-01-15
EP1275901A3 EP1275901A3 (de) 2003-10-15
EP1275901B1 true EP1275901B1 (de) 2007-09-05

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US (2) US6726114B2 (cs)
EP (1) EP1275901B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP2003090512A (cs)
CZ (1) CZ305020B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE50210836D1 (cs)
RU (1) RU2287109C2 (cs)

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US6988885B2 (en) 2006-01-24
EP1275901A3 (de) 2003-10-15
CZ305020B6 (cs) 2015-04-01
CZ20022221A3 (cs) 2003-02-12
US20040173692A1 (en) 2004-09-09
US6726114B2 (en) 2004-04-27
DE50210836D1 (de) 2007-10-18
EP1275901A2 (de) 2003-01-15
US20030027090A1 (en) 2003-02-06
RU2287109C2 (ru) 2006-11-10
JP2003090512A (ja) 2003-03-28

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