EP1265829A1 - Verfahren zur dehydratisierung organischer verbindungen in einem mikroreaktor - Google Patents
Verfahren zur dehydratisierung organischer verbindungen in einem mikroreaktorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1265829A1 EP1265829A1 EP01921296A EP01921296A EP1265829A1 EP 1265829 A1 EP1265829 A1 EP 1265829A1 EP 01921296 A EP01921296 A EP 01921296A EP 01921296 A EP01921296 A EP 01921296A EP 1265829 A1 EP1265829 A1 EP 1265829A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microreactor
- acid
- particularly preferably
- mixture
- chloride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonocyanidic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C#N HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonyl isocyanate Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)N=C=O WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanoformate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C#N HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosgene Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MSMGXWFHBSCQFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl cyanoformate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C#N MSMGXWFHBSCQFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 heteroaromatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PVFOMCVHYWHZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl PVFOMCVHYWHZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- IWSPHJGXGZWHCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].P(=O)(Br)(Br)Br Chemical compound [P].P(=O)(Br)(Br)Br IWSPHJGXGZWHCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTWKXBJHBHYJBI-SOFGYWHQSA-N (ne)-n-benzylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound O\N=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 VTWKXBJHBHYJBI-SOFGYWHQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- FZENGILVLUJGJX-NSCUHMNNSA-N (E)-acetaldehyde oxime Chemical compound C\C=N\O FZENGILVLUJGJX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical class CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-alpha-Methylhistamine Chemical compound CNCCC1=CN=CN1 PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC1 WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004914 cyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B35/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving a change in the type of bonding between two carbon atoms already directly linked
- C07B35/06—Decomposition, e.g. elimination of halogens, water or hydrogen halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B43/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen
- C07B43/08—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen of cyano groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/0095—Control aspects
- B01J2219/00984—Residence time
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for dehydrating organic compounds to unsaturated compounds.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a process for the dehydration of organic compounds to unsaturated compounds which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
- This process should in particular be able to be carried out in a simple, reproducible manner with increased safety for humans and the environment and with good yields, and the reaction conditions should be very easy to control.
- This object is surprisingly achieved by the process according to the invention for dehydrating organic compounds to unsaturated compounds, in which at least one organic compound in liquid or dissolved form is mixed with at least one dehydrating agent in liquid or dissolved form in at least one microreactor, and reacts during a residence time and the dehydrated compound is optionally isolated from the reaction mixture.
- individual organic compounds or mixtures of at least two of these compounds can be dehydrated by the claimed process.
- Individual organic compounds are preferably used in the process according to the invention.
- a microreactor in the sense of the invention is a reactor with a volume ⁇ 1000 ⁇ i in which the liquids and / or solutions are intimately mixed at least once.
- the volume of the microreactor is preferably ⁇ 100 ⁇ l, particularly preferably ⁇ 50 ⁇ l.
- the microreactor is preferably produced from thin, interconnected silicon structures.
- the microreactor is preferably a miniaturized flow reactor, particularly preferably a static micromixer.
- the microreactor is very particularly preferably a static micromixer, as is described in the patent application with the international publication number WO 96/30113, which is hereby introduced as a reference and is considered part of the disclosure.
- Such a microreactor has small channels in which liquids and / or chemical compounds present in solutions are mixed with one another by the kinetic energy of the flowing liquids and / or solutions.
- the channels of the microreactor preferably have a diameter of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 to 800 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably 30 to 400 ⁇ m.
- liquids and / or solutions are preferably so in the
- the microreactor can preferably be tempered.
- the microreactor is preferably connected via an outlet to at least one residence zone, preferably a capillary, very particularly preferably a temperature-controllable capillary.
- the liquids and / or solutions are passed into this residence zone or capillary after they have been mixed in the microreactor in order to extend their residence time.
- the residence time in the sense of the invention is the time between the mixing of the starting materials and the working up of the resulting reaction solution for the analysis or isolation of the desired product (s).
- the required residence time in the process according to the invention depends on various parameters, such as temperature or reactivity the educts. It is possible for the person skilled in the art to adapt the residence time to these parameters and thus to achieve an optimal course of the reaction.
- the residence time of the reaction solution in the system used can be set by selecting the flow rate of the liquids and / or solutions used.
- the reaction mixture is likewise preferably passed through two or more microreactors connected in series. This ensures that the residence time is extended even at an increased flow rate and the components used in the dehydration reaction are reacted in such a way that an optimal product yield of the desired dehydrated unsaturated compound (s) is achieved.
- reaction mixture is passed through two or more microreactors arranged in parallel in order to increase the throughput.
- the number and the arrangement of the channels in one or more microreactor (s) are varied in such a way that the residence time is lengthened so that an optimal yield of the desired dehydrated material is also obtained here at an increased flow rate unsaturated compound (s) is reached.
- the residence time of the reaction solution in the microreactor is preferably ⁇ 15 hours, particularly preferably ⁇ 3 hours, very particularly preferably ⁇ 1 hour.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out in a very wide temperature range, which is essentially due to the temperature resistance of the materials used for the construction of the microreactor, if appropriate the residence zone, and also further components, such as, for example, connections and seals, and the physical properties of the solutions used and / or Liquids is limited.
- the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at a temperature of from -100 to +250 ° C., particularly preferably from -78 to +150 ° C., very particularly preferably from 0 to +40 ° C.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out either continuously or batchwise. It is preferably carried out continuously.
- Dehydration of organic compounds to unsaturated compounds requires that the dehydration reaction be carried out as far as possible in a homogeneous liquid phase which contains no or only very small solid particles, since otherwise the channels present in the microreactors are blocked.
- the course of the dehydration reaction in the process according to the invention can be followed and, if necessary, regulated using various analytical methods known to the person skilled in the art.
- the course of the reaction is preferably followed by chromatography, particularly preferably by gas chromatography, for example by GC-MS, and / or by high-pressure liquid chromatography and, if appropriate, regulated.
- the course of the reaction is very particularly preferably monitored by high pressure liquid chromatography.
- the control of the reaction is significantly improved in the process according to the invention compared to known processes.
- the dehydrated products are optionally isolated.
- the dehydrated product (s) is (are) isolated by extraction from the reaction mixture.
- organic compounds known to the person skilled in the art as substrates of dehydrations which dehydrate to form unsaturated compounds can be used as organic compounds in the process according to the invention.
- the organic compounds are preferably selected from aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic alcohols, amides or aldoximes.
- unsaturated compounds mean that an unsaturated organic compound is formed by the dehydration or that the unsaturated character of the compound increases if it is already an unsaturated compound. This means that alcohols are dehydrated to alkenes and amides or aldoximes to nitriles.
- aliphatic (aliphatic) alcohol As aliphatic (aliphatic) alcohol, amide or aldoxime it is possible to use all aliphatic compounds of the substance classes listed above which are known to the person skilled in the art and are suitable as a substrate for dehydrations in which unsaturated compounds are formed. Straight-chain, branched, saturated or unsaturated compounds are also included.
- Aromatic (aromatic) alcohol, amide or aldoxime which can be used are all aromatic compounds of the substance classes listed above which are known to the person skilled in the art and are suitable as a substrate for dehydrations in which unsaturated compounds are formed.
- this encompasses compounds and / or derivatives which are monocyclic and / or polycyclic homoaromatic Have basic structure or a corresponding substructure, for example in the form of substituents.
- heteroaromatic (heteroaromatic) alcohol, amide or aldoxime all heteroaromatic compounds of the substance classes listed above known to the person skilled in the art can be used, which are suitable as substrates for dehydrations in which unsaturated compounds are formed and which contain at least one heteroatom.
- Heteroaromatic compounds within the meaning of the invention include heteroaromatic compounds and / or their derivatives which have at least one monocyclic and / or polycyclic heteroaromatic backbone or a corresponding partial structure, e.g. in the form of substituents.
- Heteroaromatic basic structures or partial structures preferably comprise at least one oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom.
- dehydrating agents or mixtures of at least two components known to the person skilled in the art and suitable for dehydrating organic compounds to unsaturated compounds can be used as dehydrating agents in the process according to the invention.
- a single one is preferred
- the dehydrating agent is at least one compound selected from acids, acid anhydrides, acid halides, carbodiimides or cyanoformates or a mixture of these dehydrating agents.
- the preferred acid is p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid or a mixture of two or more of these acids.
- Preferred acid anhydrides are acetic anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride, Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride or a mixture thereof.
- ethyl cyanoformate is a preferred cyanoformate.
- Examples of preferred carbodiimides include dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, carbonyldiimidazole or a mixture thereof.
- the molar ratio of the organic compound used to the dehydrating agent used in the process according to the invention depends on the reactivity of the organic compounds and the dehydrating agent used.
- the dehydrating agent and the organic compound are used in an equimolar ratio.
- the dehydrating agent is used in a 1.3 to 10-fold molar excess, based on the organic compound, particularly preferably in a 3-fold to ⁇ -fold excess, very particularly preferably in a 4-fold to ⁇ -fold excess.
- the selectivity of the reaction itself depends on a number of other parameters, e.g. the concentration of the reagents used, e.g. the temperature, the type of dehydrating agent used or the residence time. It is possible for the person skilled in the art to adapt the various parameters to the respective dehydration reaction in such a way that the desired dehydrated product (s) is (are) obtained.
- the organic compounds and dehydrating agents used are either themselves liquid or are in dissolved form. If these compounds are not already in liquid form, they must therefore be used before Carrying out the method according to the invention can be dissolved in a suitable solvent.
- Preferred solvents are halogenated solvents, particularly preferably dichloromethane, chloroform, 1, 2-dichloroethane or 1, 1, 2,2-tetrachloroethane, straight-chain, branched or cyclic paraffins, particularly preferably pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclopentane, cycloheptane or Cyclooctane or straight-chain, branched or cyclic ethers, particularly preferably diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, aromatic solvents, particularly preferably toluene, xylenes, ligroin or phenyl ether, N-containing heterocyclic solvents, particularly preferably N-methylpyrrolidone , or mixtures of these solvents used.
- halogenated solvents particularly preferably dichloromethane, chloroform, 1, 2-dich
- the risk to humans and the environment from escaping chemicals is considerably reduced and thus leads to increased safety when handling hazardous substances.
- the dehydration of organic compounds by the process according to the invention also enables better control of the reaction conditions, e.g. Reaction time and temperature than is possible in the conventional processes.
- the temperature can be individually selected and kept constant in each volume element of the system.
- the course of the dehydration reaction can be regulated very quickly and precisely in the process according to the invention.
- the dehydrated unsaturated products can be obtained in very good and reproducible yields.
- the static micromixer was connected via an outlet and an Omnifit medium pressure HPLC connection component (Omnifit, Great Britain) to a Teflon capillary with an inner diameter of 0.49 mm and a length of 1.0 m.
- the reaction was carried out at room temperature.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10014296A DE10014296A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 | 2000-03-23 | Verfahren zur Dehydratisierung organischer Verbindungen zu ungesättigten Verbindungen |
| DE10014296 | 2000-03-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/002300 WO2001070650A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-03-01 | Verfahren zur dehydratisierung organischer verbindungen in einem mikroreaktor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1265829A1 true EP1265829A1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
Family
ID=7635955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01921296A Withdrawn EP1265829A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-03-01 | Verfahren zur dehydratisierung organischer verbindungen in einem mikroreaktor |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7098357B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1265829A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2003528062A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2001248322A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10014296A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001070650A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7402719B2 (en) | 2002-06-13 | 2008-07-22 | Velocys | Catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation, and microchannel reactors for catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation |
| US7405338B2 (en) | 2003-04-07 | 2008-07-29 | Velocys | Dehydrogenation reactions in narrow reaction chambers and integrated reactors |
| DE102004029811A1 (de) * | 2004-06-19 | 2006-01-12 | Clariant Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkenen durch Eliminierung von Wasser aus Alkoholen mit Alkylphosphonsäureanhydriden |
| JP4844793B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2011-12-28 | Dic株式会社 | フェニルシクロヘキセン誘導体またはスチレン誘導体の製造方法 |
| JP5154406B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-13 | 2013-02-27 | アステックス、セラピューティックス、リミテッド | 医薬化合物 |
| PL2222628T3 (pl) * | 2007-12-20 | 2012-12-31 | Dsm Fine Chemicals Austria Nfg Gmbh & Co Kg | Tworzenie estrów azotanowych w mikroreaktorach i milireaktorach z zastosowaniem ciągłej ekstrakcji produktu w układzie przepływu burzliwego |
| JP2011042677A (ja) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-03-03 | Dic Corp | フェニルシクロヘキセン誘導体またはスチレン誘導体の製造方法 |
| WO2012103144A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Wems, Inc. | Method and system for solvent purification |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4441419A1 (de) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-05-23 | Bayer Ag | Herbizide Mittel auf Basis von 2,6-Dichlor-3-fluor-benzonitril und neue Zwischenprodukte |
| GB9723260D0 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1998-01-07 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | A method of performing a chemical reaction |
-
2000
- 2000-03-23 DE DE10014296A patent/DE10014296A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-01 EP EP01921296A patent/EP1265829A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-01 US US10/239,392 patent/US7098357B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-01 JP JP2001568864A patent/JP2003528062A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-01 AU AU2001248322A patent/AU2001248322A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-01 WO PCT/EP2001/002300 patent/WO2001070650A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0170650A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003528062A (ja) | 2003-09-24 |
| AU2001248322A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 |
| WO2001070650A1 (de) | 2001-09-27 |
| DE10014296A1 (de) | 2001-09-27 |
| US20040049078A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
| US7098357B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 |
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