Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
  • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
  • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
  • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
  • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
  • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
  • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
  • B60G21/051—Trailing arm twist beam axles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
  • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
  • B60G11/48—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs
  • B60G11/60—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs having both rubber springs and torsion-bar springs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
  • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
  • B60G2202/13—Torsion spring
  • B60G2202/136—Twist-beam type arrangement
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
  • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
  • B60G2202/14—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber
  • B60G2202/142—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber subjected to shear, e.g. Neidhart type
  • B60G2202/1424—Torsional
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
  • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
  • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
  • B60G2204/122—Mounting of torsion springs
  • B60G2204/1226—Mounting of torsion springs on the trailing arms of a twist beam type arrangement
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
  • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
  • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
  • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
  • B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
  • B60G2204/80—Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit
  • B60G2204/83—Type of interconnection
  • B60G2204/8302—Mechanical
  • B60G2204/83022—Mechanical using cables, wires, belts or chains
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
  • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
  • B60G2206/20—Constructional features of semi-rigid axles, e.g. twist beam type axles

Definitions

• the invention relates to suspensions of motor vehicles.
• axles with pulled arms joined by a flexible or semi-rigid cross-member, one end of each arm supporting a rocket receiving a wheel, while the other end is articulated on the body of the vehicle.
• the cross member must be rigid in flexion to guide the plane of the wheels in an adequate trajectory while limiting any variation in angulation of the arms between them, but flexible in torsion to allow oscillation of each of the arms.
• axle provides an anti-roll function by means ensuring the return of one arm relative to the other in a central position.
• Patent EP 0 229576 describes such a semi-rigid axle obtained by shaping a single metal tube to form the arms and the cross member integrally.
• a flexible axle comprising a cross member and two drawn arms, connected by two coupling parts made of elastomeric material which in particular provide an anti-roll function.
• These two coupling parts are shaped and arranged to provide a torque in torsion to the relative oscillations of one arm relative to the other.
• Coupling parts of predetermined stiffness along the crossbar, provide guidance in this direction.
• the cross member comprises two tubes fitted one inside the other and rigidly fixed each to an arm. The elastomeric parts are then housed between the two tubes, each near an arm.
• elastomeric parts have appropriate stiffnesses by their structure in torsion relative to the axis of the cross, in the axial direction thereof and in its radial direction so as to optimize both the control of body movements and wheel guidance.
• the present invention improves the situation.
• axle comprising two arms intended to be mounted articulated on the body and each provided with a wheel carrier rocket.
• the axle comprises a cross member mounted between these two arms and the connection produced between the two arms by the cross member comprises at least one insert defined by an elastomeric element. This element is placed, shaped and arranged to ensure at least a torque in torsional reaction to the oscillations of one arm relative to the other.
• the insert further comprises a bearing intended, in cooperation with the elastomeric element to substantially maintain an angulation of each of the two arms relative to the cross member, while allowing rotation due to arm oscillation, rotation to which the elastomeric element reacts in torsion.
• the elastomeric element thus ensures the anti-roll function of the axle.
• the bearing ensures, in cooperation with the elastomeric element, guiding the deformations by preventing or limiting the deformations transverse to the cross-member.
• the bearing thus makes it possible to maintain the angulation of each of the arms relative to the cross-member (in a plane containing this arm and the cross-member).
• the cooperation of such a bearing with the elastomeric element thus makes it possible to provide a one-piece cross member, or else produced by only partial fitting of two tubes.
• the bearing also ensures, in cooperation with the elastomeric element, guiding the deformations of the cross member by allowing, in certain configurations and to a limited extent, the deformations in the longitudinal axis of the cross member, which, in light semi-rigid axles, makes it possible to improve the fatigue strength of the axle, in particular the holding, in service, of the recess of the cross member in the arms, as will be seen further.
• FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of an axle according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 shows part of an axle according to a second embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 partially shows an axle according to a third embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 is a detail view of an insert provided in an axle as shown in one of Figures 1, 2 and 3;
• - Figure 5 is the detailed view of a variant of the insert shown in Figure 4;
• FIG. 6A and 6B show a bearing that includes the insert, in a particular embodiment
• FIG. 7 partially shows a one-piece insert according to an advantageous embodiment.
• FIG. 1 Reference is first made to FIG. 1 to describe an axle intended to be mounted on the body of a motor vehicle.
• This axle comprises a cross member 3, connecting two suspension arms 4A and 4B.
• Each arm 4A carries a rocket 5A intended to receive a wheel (not shown).
• the other end of each arm 4A is connected to a shaft (not shown) allowing articulation along an axis of oscillation or of movement of the arm relative to the body.
• the axes of oscillation of the arms are collinear.
• the cross member 3 consists of two tubes 3A and 3B, partially nested one inside the other.
• the common length of the two tubes 3A and 3B represents a small part of the length of the cross member, typically of the order of a tenth of this length.
• the tube 3B is rigidly fixed by one of its ends to the arm 4B, while The other end is inserted into a first end of the tube 3A, coaxial and of radius greater than the radius of the tube 3B.
• the other end of the tube 3A is rigidly fixed to the arm 4A.
• the ends of the tubes 3A and 3B are fixed to the arms 4A and 4B can be carried out by fitting, by crimping, by fitting grooves or even by welding.
• the axle insert according to the invention is disposed between the respective ends of the tubes 3A and 3B constituting the cross-member 3.
• this insert is formed of at least one bearing 22, in association with an element 21 made of an elastomeric material.
• the bearing 22 is placed in the immediate vicinity of the elastomeric element 21.
• the element 21 is constituted by a rubber ring whose internal and external surfaces are joined, for example by adhesion or other to tubular elements 23 and 24 (Figure 7), such as rings or metal cups.
• the behavior in deformation of the element 21 in the axial and radial directions is obtained here by a judicious choice of rubber, of cavities or on the contrary of reinforcements formed in the rubber ring, as well as by the shape of the metal cups 23 and 24 .
• the bearing 22 is here a ball, needle, or even cylindrical or conical roller bearing.
• the internal wall of the bearing 22 and the internal cup 24 of the elastomeric element 21 are fixed to the external wall 60, for example of a tube 3B of the crosspiece.
• the outer wall of the bearing 22 and the outer cup 23 of the elastomeric element 21 are fixed to the inner wall 61, for example of another tube 3A of the cross member, or of one of the suspension arms 4A (4B ), as we will see later.
• the fixing of the bearing 22 and the metal cups of the elastomeric element 21 can be done by any known means such as, for example, by force fitting.
• the external and / or internal metal cups have an axial length which exceeds that of the rubber ring, thereby making it possible to secure the bearing 22 therein.
• the insert is then in one piece and its setting in place in the crosspiece is easier.
• the assembly times and consequently the manufacturing costs are considerably reduced.
• the present invention also relates to a one-piece insert of the above type.
• the rubber ring can be directly attached to the metal tubes 3A and 3B without using metal cups.
• the bearing 22, of selected width, has its own, extremely small, radial clearance. It is arranged at a selected distance from the elastomer ring 21, in order to, in cooperation with the latter, maintain a substantially constant angulation, as a function of the deflections, of one of the arms 4A and 4B relative to the cross member 3 (formed , if necessary, the assembly of tubes 3A and 3B). This angulation is to be considered in a plane comprising an arm and the crosspiece.
• the_ Applicants have indeed found that the distance between the bearing and the elastomer ring, for the same insert, was an important parameter for maintaining the angulation of the arms relative to the crosspiece.
• this distance between the bearing and the ring is advantageously chosen as a function of the rigidity of the elastomer ring, with a view to optimizing this cooperation between the ring and the bearing.
• the bearing 22 generally has its own play, extremely small, along the large dimension of the cross member 3, which thus limits the deformations in service of the cross member in the longitudinal direction thereof.
• the level can nevertheless be chosen to have a greater clearance in this direction, as will be seen below.
• the reaction to the torsion induced by the oscillation of the arms 4A and 4B on the cross-member 3 is mainly ensured here by the elastomeric element 21 whose stiffness is chosen to ensure a torque of reaction to the torsion, the tubes 3A and 3B being practically stiff in torsion because of their section and their material.
• the constituent elements of the cross member 3 are preferably made of metal, aluminum or aluminum alloy.
• the constituent elements of the cross member 3 are made of a composite material, comprising a resin loaded with reinforcing fibers.
• the lightness of this material is particularly suitable when one seeks to minimise ⁇ the mass of unsprung parts of the vehicle.
• the bearing 22 can also be in the form of two smooth rings 220 and 221 (FIGS. 6A and 6B), inserted one inside the other. Their contact area 222 is low friction due to the constituent materials or surface treatments performed or the interposition of a lubricant.
• the ring of smaller radius 220 can thus slide in the ring of larger radius 221.
• These rings can be made of metal, plastic, or other.
• the internal surface of the ring 220 and the external surface of the ring 221 are rigidly fixed to constituent elements of the axle such as the cross member and / or at least one of the arms.
• the outer ring 221 can move relatively relative to the inner ring 220, in rotation around the axis X-X of the crosspiece ( Figure 1) and / or in translation along this axis.
• the reaction to these displacements is ensured by the elastomeric element 21 which thus cooperates with the bearing 22 to restrict translation.
• the bearing is formed of a single ring whose internal surface is rigidly fixed to the wall 60 ( Figures 4 and 5).
• the external surface of such a ring can have suitable anti-friction characteristics and / or be coated with grease to reduce friction with the wall 61.
• an insert can be provided comprising an elastomeric element 21 and two bearings 22A and 22B (FIG. 5). These two bearings are arranged on either side of the elastomeric element 21.
• the respective widths bearings 22A and 22B are chosen as a function of the width of the elastomeric element 21 and of its stiffness.
• FIG. 2 to describe an axle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
• the cross member 3 is in one piece, formed of a single tube, the ends of which are integral with the suspension arms 4A and 4B.
• the ends of the tube 3 are fitted into respective openings which the arms 4A and 4B have, by means of respective inserts 2A and 2B, of the type shown in one Figures 4 and 5.
• the one-piece cross-member 3 is rigidly fixed and directly to one of the suspension arms 4A, by one of its ends. Its other end is secured to the other suspension arm 4B, by means of an insert 2 comprising an elastomeric element and at least one bearing.
• the asymmetry of the reactions to the bending stresses to which the cross member is subjected can be compensated for by an adapted shape of the monobloc cross member 3 over a portion 31 of its length.
• the tube 3 has been stamped radially to present locally, at a given distance and over an adequate length, a much more flexible section in bending.
• suspension arms 4A and 4B may, in a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, include substantially cylindrical rods, both projecting towards the monobloc cross member 3. The ends of these rods are then fitted into the ends of the tube forming the one-piece cross member 3, by means of respective inserts 2A and 2B.
• a plurality of elastomeric elements 21 can be provided, for example two elastomeric elements 21 on either side of a single bearing 22, according to the requirements of the intended application.
• the rings described above made of elastomeric material or rigid material, can be of cylindrical, conical or other shape to optimize the mechanical behavior of the ring.
• one insert of the axle according to the invention may be in any other form based on bearing and elastomeric member, ensuring same functions of anti-roll and wheel guide arms.
• tubes used above to describe the constituent elements of the cross referenced 3A, 3B, is to be taken in the broad sense. It designates elements of generally substantially tubular shape, cylindrical or not, with, if necessary, variations in diameter, or even in shape, along their large dimension.
• the wheel arms oscillate around a common axis parallel to the axis of the cross member but distant from this axis.
• the wheel arms can oscillate around an axis coincident with the axis of the crosspiece.
• the present invention also applies to any other mode or arrangement of attachment of the wheel arms to the body.
• An axle of the type described above finds an interesting application in the design of a rear axle of a passenger vehicle or utility vehicle.
• the simplicity of this axle allows in particular adaptability to a wide category of vehicles.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Springs (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8847659

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 2000
  • 2000-03-02 FR FR0002706A patent/FR2805776B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-02-26 CZ CZ20022940A patent/CZ20022940A3/cs unknown
  • 2001-02-26 AU AU2001237495A patent/AU2001237495A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-02-26 KR KR1020027011477A patent/KR20020091110A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-02-26 MX MXPA02008543A patent/MXPA02008543A/es unknown
  • 2001-02-26 PL PL01365161A patent/PL365161A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-02-26 US US10/220,238 patent/US20030141757A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-02-26 CA CA002401072A patent/CA2401072A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-02-26 WO PCT/FR2001/000551 patent/WO2001064463A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-02-26 CN CN01807291A patent/CN1419501A/zh active Pending
  • 2001-02-26 JP JP2001563339A patent/JP2003525158A/ja active Pending
  • 2001-02-26 EP EP01909899A patent/EP1259391A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-02-26 BR BR0108872-6A patent/BR0108872A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-02-28 AR ARP010100965A patent/AR028904A1/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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