EP1251161A1 - Umweltverträglicher flüssigkraftstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents

Umweltverträglicher flüssigkraftstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1251161A1
EP1251161A1 EP99959956A EP99959956A EP1251161A1 EP 1251161 A1 EP1251161 A1 EP 1251161A1 EP 99959956 A EP99959956 A EP 99959956A EP 99959956 A EP99959956 A EP 99959956A EP 1251161 A1 EP1251161 A1 EP 1251161A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vol
liquid fuel
low pollution
alcohol
pollution liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99959956A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1251161A4 (de
Inventor
Akihiro Azuma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gaia Energy International Inc
Shimura Yoshiharu
Original Assignee
Gaia Energy International Inc
Shimura Yoshiharu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaia Energy International Inc, Shimura Yoshiharu filed Critical Gaia Energy International Inc
Publication of EP1251161A1 publication Critical patent/EP1251161A1/de
Publication of EP1251161A4 publication Critical patent/EP1251161A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved low pollution liquid fuel capable of obtaining an efficiency and an output similar to or higher than those of conventional gasoline without the need of changing the structure or the material of existing internal combustion gasoline engines and remarkably reducing the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon in exhaust gases as compared with those of conventional gasoline and to a method of manufacturing the liquid fuel.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • the fuels which contain naphtha mixed with methanol and other alcohol such as "GAIAX (trade name)" have a sufficient effect for reducing the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases from the automobiles.
  • the fuels have a problem in that since they contain methanol having large polarity in the component thereof, when they are used for a long period of time, a fuel supply rubber pipe, which an accessory of internal combustion engines is swollen and fuel pressure is changed and otherwise the fuel pipe is broken due to the reduction of the strength thereof.
  • An object of the present invention which was made in view of the above problems, is to provide a low pollution liquid fuel, which does not cause problems such as the swell and damage of a fuel supply hose and the reduction of life thereof and is more excellent in practical utility and a method of manufacturing the fuel.
  • a low pollution liquid fuel of the present invention includes 10 - 50 vol% of at least two kinds of aliphatic monohydric alcohols having the number of hydrocarbons of 2 - 11, 40 - 60 vol% of at least one kind of saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons and 10 - 30 vol% of at least one kind of ethers having two chain hydrocarbon groups whose number of carbon atoms is 6 or less.
  • the volume percentage of the alcohols is 1/2 or more that of the saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • At least one kind of the aliphatic monohydric alcohols is nonstraight-chain alcohol.
  • the nonstraight-chain alcohol is isopropyl alcohol or isobutyl alcohol.
  • the low pollution liquid fuel having excellent characteristics can be obtained by the use of isopropyl alcohol or isobutyl alcohol which is a nonstraight-chain alcohol having a relatively small number of carbon atoms.
  • the ethers are at least one kind of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) and dibutyl ether.
  • MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
  • TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether
  • dibutyl ether dibutyl ether
  • the octane value of the resulting fuel can be improved by a small blended amount, whereby the price of the fuel can be suppressed to a low level.
  • the saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons are light duty naphtha or gasoline containing aromatic hydrocarbon components in the content of 1% or less.
  • a method of manufacturing a low pollution liquid fuel of the present invention includes the step of mixing 10 - 50 vol% of at least two kinds of aliphatic monohydric alcohols having the number of hydrocarbons of 2 - 11, 40 - 60 vol% of at least one kind of saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons and 10 - 30 vol% of at least one kind of ethers having two chain hydrocarbon groups whose number of carbon atoms is 6 or less.
  • the respective blended primary fuels can be effectively mixed without being separated from each other.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing a fuel for internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fuel for internal combustion engine of the present invention mainly includes at least two kinds of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, straight-chain hydrocarbons, and single ether or mixed ethers. After these primary fuels are measured in predetermined volume percentages, first, the single ether or the mixed ethers whose polarity is smaller than that of the aliphatic monohydric alcohols are charged into and mixed with light duty naphtha which is straight-chain hydrocarbon having a relatively large volume and has the smallest polarity, and then the aliphatic monohydric alcohols are charged thereinto and mixed therewith, whereby the low pollution fuel of the present invention is prepared.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the ethers and alcohols are sequentially charged into and blended with the light duty naphtha which has the low polarity, the ethers and the light duty naphtha may be sequentially charged into the alcohol having a high polarity on the contrary.
  • Blend examples of the fuel for internal combustion engine made by the above manufacturing method will be shown below.
  • a blend example 1 contains 25 vol% of isobutyl alcohol (IBA) as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IBA isobutyl alcohol
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
  • a blend example 2 contains 25 vol% of butyl alcohol as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
  • a blend example 3 contains 25 vol% of isobutyl alcohol (IBA) as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of dibutyl ether as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IBA isobutyl alcohol
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • dibutyl ether as mixed ethers
  • 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • a blend example 4 contains 25 vol% of butyl alcohol as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of dibutyl ether as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • a blend example 5 contains 25 vol% of isobutyl alcohol (IBA) as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IBA isobutyl alcohol
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether
  • a blend example 6 contains 25 vol% of butyl alcohol as one of aliphatic monohydric alcohols, 10 vol% of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as the other thereof, 20 vol% of tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) as mixed ethers and 45 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether
  • a comparative example contains 43 vol% of methyl alcohol as one of conventional alcohol fuels, 5 vol% of isobutyl alcohol (IBA) as the other thereof, 4 vol% of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) as mixed ethers and 48 vol% of light duty naphtha as the straight-chain hydrocarbons.
  • IBA isobutyl alcohol
  • MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
  • the light duty naphtha referred to here is light duty naphtha which is refined so that the content of each of aromatic hydrocarbons such as B (benzene), T (toluene), X (xylene), etc. is made 1% or less in the distillation of crude oil (atmospheric distillation).
  • the use of the light duty naphtha is preferable because it can prevent that the concentrations of CO and HC in exhaust gases are increased due to the imperfect combustion of the aromatic hydrocarbons which are relatively stable chemically and the harmful aromatic hydrocarbons such as B (benzene), T (toluene), X (xylene), etc. themselves are discharged into exhaust gases.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • straight-chain saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons whose number of carbon atoms is 9 or less may be used in place of all or a part of the light duty naphtha from the view point of the volatility of the naphtha and the increase of the concentrations of CO and HC in exhaust gases caused by the residuals thereof.
  • the aliphatic monohydric alcohols have a carbon number of at least 2 because methyl alcohol is removed therefrom.
  • the upper limit of the carbon number of the aliphatic monohydric alcohols is 12 or more, the initial distilling point of alcohol is increased as well as the specific weight thereof is made large and accordingly a resulting liquid fuel has a lowered igniting capability and is liable to reduce the starting property of an engine as well as the specific weight of a resulting fuel is made larger than a specific weight regulated as gasoline.
  • the carbon number of the aliphatic monohydric alcohols must be set to 11 or less.
  • nonstraight-chain monohydric (primary) alcohol is preferably employed as at least one kind of the aliphatic monohydric alcohols because its polarity is lower than that of straight-chain alcohol and the blending property thereof with hydrocarbon components and ethers can be improved thereby.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto and these alcohols may be suitably combined from the view point of price, volatility and the like.
  • nonstraight-chain aliphatic monohydric alcohols such as IPA, IBA, etc. because the octane value obtained thereby can be properly set to an internal combustion engine.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • ether having two chain hydrocarbon groups whose number of carbon atoms is 6 or less from the view point of the volatility and price thereof.
  • MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
  • TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether
  • the present invention is not limited to the MTBE, dibutyl ether, and TAME, and the kinds and the like of ethers to be used may be suitably selected based on the kinds and the like of alcohols which will be used.
  • blend ratios shown in the above blend examples 1 - 6 are not limited thereto, and the respective compositions have the ranges of blend ratios in which similar excellent characteristics can be obtained. The ranges will be shown below.
  • composition system of the blend example 1 is in the range of IBA; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vo%, MTBE; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • composition system of the blend example 2 is in the range of butyl alcohol; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vol%, MTBE; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • composition system of the blend example 3 is in the range of IBA; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vol%, butyl ether; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • composition system of the blend example 4 is in the range of butyl alcohol; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vol%, dibutyl ether; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • composition system of the blend example 5 is in the range of IBA; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vol%, TAME; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • composition system of the blend example 6 is in the range of butyl alcohol; 5 - 30 vol%, IPA; 5 - 30 vol%, TAME; 10 - 35 vol%, and light duty naphtha or gasoline; 45 - 60 vol%.
  • the volume percentage of the monohydric alcohol components is made less than 1/2 that of the hydrocarbons and the petroleum components such as the light duty naphtha, gasoline or the like as shown in Fig. 2, the contents of COx, HxCy, SOx, NOx, etc. in exhaust gases are increased.
  • liquid fuels of the blend examples 1 - 6, conventional gasoline and the conventional alternative fuel containing methyl alcohol as the blend example 7 were tested in a metal and a rubber used in existing automobile parts and in a metal and a rubber used in a gas supply machine main body for the comparison of the capabilities thereof.
  • the result of the test is shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the blend example 1 of the present invention is by no means inferior to the gasoline as to the swell of rubber and the deterioration of mechanical strength and characteristics thereof. Accordingly, it can be said that the low pollution liquid fuel of the present invention can be stored in the facilities of existing gas stations and used for existing gasoline-driven automobiles as it is as well as it can be arbitrarily mixed with gasoline for use. Further, characteristics similar to those of the blend example 1 can be obtained by the blend examples 2 - 6 which are not shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the concentrations of the polluted gases contained in the exhaust gases of the embodiment 1, those of the comparative example and those of gasoline were compared with each other.
  • the result of comparison is as shown below. Note that used in the comparison was an automobile of 2000 cc which satisfied the regulations for CO, HC, and NOx values stipulated by the articles 30 and 31 of Safety Standard of Japanese Automobile Inspection System.
  • any of the exhaust gas values (Cox, HxCy, and NOx) in the embodiment is low.
  • the HxCy and COx values of the liquid fuel of the present invention are remarkably lower than those of the conventional liquid fuel (comparative example) using methanol.
  • the liquid fuels of the present invention could reduce the amounts of COx and HxCy exhausted when they were combusted and further could reduce the NOx value by about 10%.
  • SOx since no sulfur is contained in the components of the low pollution liquid fuel of the present invention, SOx is not exhausted at all, and thus the fuel can be used as a low pollution fuel capable of reducing the effect thereof on the atmospheric pollution.
  • low pollution fuel of the present invention does not require that a conventional gasoline engine is provide with a special device, that some parts thereof is converted and that some parts thereof is replaced. Further, it is possible to mix the low pollution fuel of the present invention with conventional gasoline for use.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
EP99959956A 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Umweltverträglicher flüssigkraftstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung Withdrawn EP1251161A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1999/007196 WO2001046345A1 (fr) 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Carburant liquide peu polluant et procede de production correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1251161A1 true EP1251161A1 (de) 2002-10-23
EP1251161A4 EP1251161A4 (de) 2004-08-11

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EP99959956A Withdrawn EP1251161A4 (de) 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Umweltverträglicher flüssigkraftstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1251161A4 (de)
KR (1) KR20020068380A (de)
CN (1) CN1398289A (de)
AU (1) AU1691800A (de)
CA (1) CA2342824A1 (de)
TW (1) TW483932B (de)
WO (1) WO2001046345A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8974552B2 (en) 2008-01-02 2015-03-10 Shell Oil Company Liquid fuel compositions

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030077774A (ko) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-04 (주)동진켐스타 혼합연료 조성물
JP3918172B2 (ja) 2002-05-15 2007-05-23 川口 誠 内燃機関用燃料
US7410514B2 (en) * 2002-12-05 2008-08-12 Greg Binions Liquid fuel composition having aliphatic organic non-hydrocarbon compounds, an aromatic hydrocarbon having an aromatic content of less than 15% by volume, an oxygenate, and water
CN1745162A (zh) * 2002-12-13 2006-03-08 生态性能产品有限公司 醇增强的替代燃料
JP5066434B2 (ja) * 2007-12-11 2012-11-07 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 ガソリン組成物
US8734543B2 (en) * 2008-05-08 2014-05-27 Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc Oxygenated gasoline composition having good driveability performance

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB487772A (en) * 1936-11-24 1938-06-24 Conral Cleo Callis An improved liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
DE3033220A1 (de) * 1980-09-04 1982-04-01 Maurizio Milano Gianoli Treibstoff- bzw. brennstoffgemisch
WO2001021737A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Gaia Energy (Hk) Ltd. Green oil

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU168072B (de) * 1973-09-18 1976-02-28
JPS5470306A (en) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-06 Hiroshi Hara Agent providing compatibility gasoline and methanol
EP0020012A1 (de) * 1979-05-14 1980-12-10 Aeci Ltd Brennstoff und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Motors
DE3116734C2 (de) * 1981-04-28 1985-07-25 Veba Oel AG, 4650 Gelsenkirchen Vergaserkraftstoff
JPS6011994B2 (ja) * 1981-08-10 1985-03-29 池田 博美 ガソリンエンジン用液体燃料
GB8507971D0 (en) * 1985-03-27 1985-05-01 British Petroleum Co Plc Fuel composition
JPH07268366A (ja) * 1994-03-30 1995-10-17 Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk 低公害軽油の製造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB487772A (en) * 1936-11-24 1938-06-24 Conral Cleo Callis An improved liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
DE3033220A1 (de) * 1980-09-04 1982-04-01 Maurizio Milano Gianoli Treibstoff- bzw. brennstoffgemisch
WO2001021737A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Gaia Energy (Hk) Ltd. Green oil

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO0146345A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8974552B2 (en) 2008-01-02 2015-03-10 Shell Oil Company Liquid fuel compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20020068380A (ko) 2002-08-27
CA2342824A1 (en) 2001-06-21
EP1251161A4 (de) 2004-08-11
TW483932B (en) 2002-04-21
WO2001046345A1 (fr) 2001-06-28
AU1691800A (en) 2001-07-03
CN1398289A (zh) 2003-02-19

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