EP1249662B1 - Générateur de vapeur - Google Patents

Générateur de vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249662B1
EP1249662B1 EP02007233A EP02007233A EP1249662B1 EP 1249662 B1 EP1249662 B1 EP 1249662B1 EP 02007233 A EP02007233 A EP 02007233A EP 02007233 A EP02007233 A EP 02007233A EP 1249662 B1 EP1249662 B1 EP 1249662B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
steam
steam generator
circuit
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02007233A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1249662A1 (fr
Inventor
Jiri Dr. Ing. Jekerle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arvos GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH filed Critical Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH
Publication of EP1249662A1 publication Critical patent/EP1249662A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1249662B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249662B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1869—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1884—Hot gas heating tube boilers with one or more heating tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/62—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B37/70—Arrangements for distributing water into water tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator, in particular a heat recovery steam generator or boiler for heating with hot exhaust gases.
  • Such steam generators are predominantly with hot exhaust gases from energetic and / or process equipment and often consist of several water-side strands or circuits that are not just about different geometries but also have very different heat absorption. For this Basically, it is often necessary to divide the circulation of water into individual strands or circuits z. B. with the help of throttle elements.
  • a steam generator having the features of the preamble of claim 1 shows document EP-A-0 051 078.
  • the control of the amount of circulated water in a steam generator with a Natural circulation system is a more difficult problem because of these steam generators in the Usually no sufficient pressure difference for the installation of orifices available stands.
  • the available pressure difference in the individual pipe strands or circuits is by the heating intensity, the height difference and the pressure loss in the individual Strands intended.
  • the installation of throttle nozzles or orifices to improve the Water distribution is based here, the amount of water in the well-circulating strands to choke in the weakly circulating strands the water circulation over a increase lower friction pressure loss in the common fall and risers.
  • the total amount of circulation in the system is thus often disadvantageously greatly reduced, for the strand concerned, i. the weakly circulating strand only a moderate Improvement can be achieved.
  • the Venturi nozzle device by a in the Downstream of the water / steam cycle used venturi formed.
  • the downpipe with a commercially available, standardized nozzle, For example, a Venturi nozzle according to EN ISO 5167-1, form.
  • venturi device by formed as a Venturi tube downpipe is formed. This is the Venturi device completely integrated in the downpipe and may possibly from the same Material and made from one piece.
  • the steam generator according to the invention is operated in natural circulation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a steam generator 1, which is designed as a flue tube boiler and a Depicting heat recovery steam generator.
  • the steam generator 1 essentially comprises a vertically arranged water space 29, the side by a jacket 27 and above and is bounded below by end or tube plates 23, 24.
  • the water room 29 is from at least one bundle of flue pipes 30 passes through, which between the end plates 23 and 24 are arranged gas-tight and extend substantially vertically.
  • the warming up the water in the water space 29 required heating medium or hot exhaust gas is fed via an inlet 21 and the gas inlet chamber 22 to the steam generator 1. From the inlet chamber 22, the heating gas enters the through the water chamber 29th leading flue pipes 30 and thereby gives heat to the water in the room 29 located Water off.
  • the cooled heating medium passes over the Gas outlet chamber 25 to the outlet 26, from where it via lines not shown can be supplied to further process steps.
  • the hot exhaust gas passed from top to bottom through the steam generator 1. This can vary depending on Requests also made from bottom to top.
  • the water room 29 together with the smoke tube bundle 30 and the two tube plates 23, 24 form the evaporator device 4 of the first water / steam cycle 2.
  • the steam generator 1 has two water / steam circuits or strands 2, 3 on. From the water / steam drum 6, which via a line, not shown Feed water is supplied, the water passes through a common downpipe 7, the leads away from the drum 6 and is formed substantially vertically, and on the Branch 8 in the two water / steam circuits 2, 3.
  • the branch of the 8th wegrichden line 9 of the first circuit 2 leads the water through the in immediately adjacent the lower end plate 24 located entrance 15 into the water space 29th one.
  • the result of the warming and the resulting buoyancy upwards flowing water or steam is in the region of the upper end plate 23 through the outlet 16 discharged from the water chamber 29 and the strand line 9 and riser 19 fed to the drum 6.
  • Already generated steam can from the drum 6 via a Line 28 a superheater (not shown) in the steam generator 1 or another Purpose to be supplied.
  • the unevaporated water is from the drum 6 again Circuits 2, 3 supplied via the downcomer 7.
  • the away from the branch 8 leading line 10 of the second water / steam cycle 3 according to the figures 1 to 3 according to the invention is designed such that the Inlet opening 14 of the strand line 10 just behind the narrowest cross section of Venturi nozzle means 11, 12, i. in the region of the diffuser-shaped outlet 39, and in arranged the center of the downpipe 7 and the strand line 10 is formed as a pitot tube.
  • the stranded line 10 becomes expediently carried away substantially perpendicular to the line 9.
  • the inventive arrangement causes by the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12th built up dynamic pressure of the flowing liquid, a pressure increase at the inlet 14 of the second circuit 3 and the strand line 10, in which the water flow targeted to a higher level should be set.
  • the venturi device 11, 12 is made either from a streamlined shaped Normventuridüse 11, for example DIN EN ISO 5167-1 with a given diameter ( Figure 2) or one as Venturi tube 12 shaped downpipe 7 ( Figure 3), in which in the cross-sectional widening the static pressure of the fluid is recovered. With the help of the venturi device 11, 12, the flow velocity and thus the back pressure before as a pitot tube trained strand line 10 increases.
  • the inventive arrangement thus takes place in the second circuit 3 a Pressure increase instead, without using an additional pump.
  • the buoyancy of the natural circulation system is thus optimally for the Setting the desired water distribution within the water / steam circuits 2, 3 exploited the steam generator 1.
  • the now in the second cycle 3 increased Amount of water is through the strand line 10 so in the water space 29 of the Steam generator 1 introduced that the conduit 10 centrally with respect to the tube plate 23rd and in the immediate vicinity below the tube plate 23 opens and the water inevitably from below against the entering of the inlet chamber 22 heating medium particularly heated tube plate 23 is passed.
  • the as thermally endangered tube plate 23 are cooled safely and steam production in the Steam generator 1 maintained without failures or more frequent maintenance intervals become.
  • the evaporator device 5 of the second circuit. 3 essentially comprises the water space 29 and the upper tube plate 23.
  • the strand line 10 of the second circuit 3 can also be used according to FIG. 3, i. in axial direction of the downcomer 7 away from the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 become.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in addition to the two circuits 2, 3 a third water / steam circuit 31, which as well as the second circuit 3 a Increased circulation of water experiences.
  • the working medium passes through the inlet opening 37 in the region of the diffuser 39 at the second branch 8 in the third branch line 32 a and is a third evaporator 33 is supplied to subsequently over the Strand line 32 again to the drum 6 to be supplied.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further variant of a steam generator 1 according to the invention
  • Steam generator acc. Fig. 7 is also a heat recovery steam generator, but not a smoke tube boiler, but a water tube boiler.
  • the Steam generator 1 has a substantially vertical throttle cable 40, which in the is formed essentially of water-cooled pipe walls and the Evaporator 4 of the first water / steam cycle 2 of two existing Circuits forms.
  • the working fluid is water from the drum 6 over the Downpipe 7 and through the inlet opening 13 of the strand 9 of the Evaporator 4 is supplied here partially evaporated and subsequently over the strand line 9 fed back to the drum 6.
  • the working medium of the second circuit 3 is at the junction 8 through the Inlet opening 14 of the strand line 10 and then the evaporator 5, the designed as contact heating surfaces and arranged in the throttle cable 40, fed. After partial evaporation of the water, the working medium passes through the Strand line 10 back into the drum 6.
  • the water circulation in second water / steam circuit 3 through the Venturi nozzle means 11, 12 at the Branch 8 of the downpipe 7 increases.
  • the heating medium or hot exhaust gas passes over the inlet 21 below in the throttle cable 40 of the steam generator 1 and flows through the throttle cable 40 from bottom to top, before it 26 further process steps supplied at the outlet becomes. When flowing through the throttle cable, the heating medium gives heat to the Pipe walls and touch heating surfaces, i. to the evaporator devices 4 and 5 from.
  • the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12th expediently arranged downstream of the circulation pump, in the downpipe. 7 is arranged.
  • the downpipe 7 is exactly the upstream of the forced circulation Circulation pump a suction line and downstream a pressure line as well as the Riser 19, 20.
  • the venturi device 11, 12 is the forced circulation as when the natural circulation, the water circulation amount of the second circuit 3 increases.
  • Venturi 11th or classic Venturi tubes 12 as for example in the flow measurement of Fluids are used with throttle devices according to DIN EN ISO 5167-1, be used.
  • the Venturi nozzle devices 11, 12 point in Flow direction of the fluid or the working fluid water seen a Inlet cone, a cylindrical neck part with inner diameter d (narrowest cross-section), and a diffuser 39, wherein instead of the inlet cone and an inlet rounding according to the venturi nozzle according to DIN EN ISO 5167-1 is possible and the closest Cross-section forming neck part may not be cylindrical.
  • the openings for the Flow measurement in the neck can be omitted inevitably.
  • a narrowing part and a diffuser part containing Venturi nozzle device are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Générateur de vapeur (1), en particulier pour le chauffage au moyen de gaz chauds de rejet,
    comprenant deux ou plusieurs circuits eau/vapeur (2, 3, 31, 34), du type selon lequel chaque circuit eau/vapeur (2, 3, 31, 34) présente au moins un dispositif évaporateur (4, 5, 33, 36) pour l'absorption de la chaleur issue du fluide de chauffage et du type selon lequel les circuits eau/vapeur (2, 3, 31, 34) ont en commun au moins un tambour formant caisson eau/vapeur (6) et une conduite de descente (7),
    comprenant au moins une ramification (8) dans la conduite de descente (7), à partir de laquelle partent les conduites unitaires de ligne (9, 10, 32, 35) des circuits eau/vapeur respectifs (2, 3, 31, 34),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la conduite de descente (7) est, dans la zone de la ramification (8), conformée avec un dispositif d'injection formant venturi (11, 12),
    et en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (14, 37, 38) de la conduite formant ligne (10, 32, 35) d'au moins un circuit eau/vapeur (3, 31, 34) est ménagée dans la zone de l'ouverture de sortie (39), formant diffuseur, du dispositif d'injection formant venturi (11, 12) et en ce que la conduite formant ligne (10, 32, 35) est conformée en tant que tube d'accumulation, afin d'augmenter la pression du fluide de travail dans ledit circuit (3, 31, 34).
  2. Générateur de vapeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection formant venturi est constitué d'une buse formant venturi (11) insérée dans la conduite de descente (7).
  3. Générateur de vapeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'injection formant venturi est constitué d'une conduite de descente (7) sous la forme d'un tube formant venturi (12).
  4. Générateur de vapeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de vapeur (1) est susceptible de fonctionner en régime de circulation naturelle.
  5. Générateur de vapeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de vapeur (1) est susceptible de fonctionner en régime de circulation forcée.
  6. Générateur de vapeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le rapport du diamètre intérieur d du dispositif d'injection formant venturi (11, 12), dans sa section transversale la plus étroite, par rapport au diamètre intérieur D de la conduite de descente (7) se situe entre 1,0 et 0,01.
EP02007233A 2001-04-10 2002-03-28 Générateur de vapeur Expired - Lifetime EP1249662B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10117989 2001-04-10
DE10117989A DE10117989C1 (de) 2001-04-10 2001-04-10 Dampferzeuger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1249662A1 EP1249662A1 (fr) 2002-10-16
EP1249662B1 true EP1249662B1 (fr) 2005-01-05

Family

ID=7681162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02007233A Expired - Lifetime EP1249662B1 (fr) 2001-04-10 2002-03-28 Générateur de vapeur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6526922B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1249662B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3736630B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100589086B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE286581T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU783495B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10117989C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2234943T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105953198A (zh) * 2016-06-05 2016-09-21 侴乔力 虹吸循环余热蒸汽锅炉
CN106224922A (zh) * 2016-08-21 2016-12-14 侴乔力 管内虹吸循环逆流加热余热蒸汽锅炉
CN106642043A (zh) * 2016-12-18 2017-05-10 侴乔力 回热型余热蒸汽锅炉

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338218A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-08-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Once-through boiler downcomer flow distribution system
CH532749A (de) * 1970-12-31 1973-01-15 Sulzer Ag Dampferzeuger
US4151813A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-05-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Jet pump in natural circulation fossil fuel fired steam generator
EP0051078A1 (fr) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-12 Paul Lindenau GmbH & Co. KG Schiffswerft und Maschinenfabrik Chaudière à vapeur pour l'utilisation de la chaleur de gaz d'échappement
GB2099558A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-12-08 Gen Electric Heat recovery steam generator
BE1005793A3 (fr) * 1992-05-08 1994-02-01 Cockerill Mech Ind Sa Chaudiere de recuperation de chaleur a circulation induite.
DE4303613C2 (de) * 1993-02-09 1998-12-17 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Dampf in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger
DE19638851C1 (de) * 1996-09-21 1998-02-26 Oschatz Gmbh Dampferzeuger
FI101736B1 (fi) * 1996-10-24 1998-08-14 Pipemasters Oy Ltd Pakokaasukattila
US6013939A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-01-11 National Scientific Corp. Monolithic inductor with magnetic flux lines guided away from substrate
DE59810334D1 (de) * 1998-01-21 2004-01-15 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Dampfbildung in einem Zwangsumlaufdampferzeuger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002333102A (ja) 2002-11-22
DE50201936D1 (de) 2005-02-10
AU3299102A (en) 2003-10-16
AU783495B2 (en) 2005-11-03
US20020144663A1 (en) 2002-10-10
DE10117989C1 (de) 2002-05-23
KR100589086B1 (ko) 2006-06-12
JP3736630B2 (ja) 2006-01-18
US6526922B2 (en) 2003-03-04
ATE286581T1 (de) 2005-01-15
KR20020080258A (ko) 2002-10-23
EP1249662A1 (fr) 2002-10-16
ES2234943T3 (es) 2005-07-01

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