EP1249662A1 - Générateur de vapeur - Google Patents

Générateur de vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249662A1
EP1249662A1 EP02007233A EP02007233A EP1249662A1 EP 1249662 A1 EP1249662 A1 EP 1249662A1 EP 02007233 A EP02007233 A EP 02007233A EP 02007233 A EP02007233 A EP 02007233A EP 1249662 A1 EP1249662 A1 EP 1249662A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
steam
steam generator
circuit
venturi nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02007233A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1249662B1 (fr
Inventor
Jiri Dr. Ing. Jekerle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arvos GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH filed Critical Alstom Power Energy Recovery GmbH
Publication of EP1249662A1 publication Critical patent/EP1249662A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1249662B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249662B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1869—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1884—Hot gas heating tube boilers with one or more heating tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/62—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B37/70—Arrangements for distributing water into water tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator, in particular a heat recovery steam generator or boiler for heating with hot exhaust gases.
  • Such steam generators are mainly used with hot exhaust gases from energy and / or process plants and often consist of several water-side strands or circuits that not only have different geometries have, but also have very different heat absorption. For this Basically, it is often necessary to distribute the amount of water in circulation on individual strands or circuits z. B. to control with the help of throttle elements.
  • Controlling the amount of water circulating in a steam generator with one Natural circulation system is a more difficult problem because these steam generators in the As a rule, there is no sufficient pressure difference available for the installation of throttle orifices stands.
  • the available pressure difference in the individual pipe strings or circuits is through the heating intensity, the height difference and the pressure loss in the individual Predetermined strands.
  • the installation of throttle nozzles or orifices to improve the Water distribution here is based on the amount of water in the well-circulating strands throttling in order to circulate water in the weakly circulating strands to increase the lower friction pressure loss in the common downpipes and risers.
  • the total amount of circulation in the system is often disadvantageously reduced as a result, where for the strand concerned, i.e. the weakly circulating strand only a moderate one Improvement can be achieved.
  • the venturi device is inserted into the Down pipe of the water / steam circuit used Venturi nozzle formed.
  • the downpipe with a standard nozzle, for example, a Venturi nozzle according to EN ISO 5167-1.
  • Venturi nozzle device a downpipe formed as a Venturi tube is formed. So that's it Venturi nozzle device fully integrated in the downpipe and can possibly be from the same Material and be made from one piece.
  • the steam generator according to the invention is preferably operated in natural circulation.
  • Have water circulation operate with an increased water circulation without being on need to resort to additional pumps, the investment, operating and Demand maintenance costs.
  • the ratio of the inner diameter is d the Venturi nozzle device at its narrowest cross section to the inner diameter D the downpipe between 1.0 and 0.01.
  • FIG. 1 shows a steam generator 1, which is designed as a smoke tube boiler and one Heat recovery steam generator represents.
  • the steam generator 1 essentially comprises one vertically arranged water space 29, the side through a jacket 27 and above and is limited below by end or tube plates 23, 24.
  • the water space 29 is from penetrates at least one bundle of smoke pipes 30, which between the end plates 23 and 24 are arranged gas-tight and are essentially vertical. That for warming of the heating medium or hot exhaust gas required in the water chamber 29 is supplied to the steam generator 1 via an inlet 21 and the gas inlet chamber 22.
  • the heating gas passes from the inlet chamber 22 into through the water chamber 29 leading smoke pipes 30 and gives heat to that located in the water chamber 29 Water.
  • the cooled heating medium then passes through the Gas outlet chamber 25 to the outlet 26, from where it is via lines, not shown further process steps can be supplied.
  • the hot exhaust gas passed from top to bottom through the steam generator 1. This can vary depending Requirements also take place from bottom to top.
  • the water space 29 together with the smoke tube bundle 30 and the two tube plates 23, 24 form the evaporator device 4 of the first water / steam cycle 2.
  • the steam generator 1 has two water / steam circuits or strands 2, 3 on. From the water / steam drum 6 with a line, not shown Feed water is supplied, the water passes through a common downpipe 7 leads away from the drum 6 and is substantially vertical, and over the Branch 8 into the two water / steam circuits 2, 3.
  • the branch 8 leading line 9 of the first circuit 2 leads the water through the in In the immediate vicinity of the lower end plate 24, the inlet 15 into the water space 29 on.
  • the result of the warming and the resulting upward lift flowing water or steam is in the area of the upper end plate 23 through the outlet 16 are discharged from the water space 29 and via the branch line 9 and riser line 19 the drum 6 fed.
  • Already generated steam can be removed from the drum 6 via a Line 28 a superheater (not shown) in the steam generator 1 or another Purpose to be fed.
  • the non-evaporated water is from the drum 6 again Circulations 2, 3 supplied via the downpipe 7.
  • the branch line 10 of the second water / steam circuit leading away from the branch 8 3 according to Figures 1 to 3 is designed such that the Inlet opening 14 of the strand line 10 just behind the narrowest cross section of the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12, i.e. in the area of the diffuser-shaped outlet 39, and in arranged in the middle of the downpipe 7 and the branch line 10 is designed as a pitot tube.
  • the strand line 10 expediently guided away substantially perpendicular to line 9.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is effected by the venturi device 11, 12 built-up dynamic pressure of the flowing liquid a pressure increase at the inlet 14 of the second circuit 3 or the branch line 10, in which the water throughput is targeted at a higher level should be set.
  • the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 is made either from a streamlined shaped Venturi nozzle 11, for example DIN EN ISO 5167-1 with a given diameter ( Figure 2) or as Venturi tube 12 shaped downpipe 7 ( Figure 3), in the case of cross-sectional expansion the static pressure of the fluid is recovered. With the help of the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 is the flow rate and thus the dynamic pressure before the as a pitot tube trained line 10 increased.
  • the high flow rate is reduced again, the static pressure increases.
  • the increased dynamic pressure at the inlet 14 into the second water / steam circuit 3 is thus only by converting the kinetic energy of the flowing medium in the Downpipe 7 generated without an additional loss of friction pressure by throttling in to cause the first water / steam circuit 2 or in the inlet 13 to the branch line 9.
  • the arrangement according to the invention thus takes place in the second circuit 3 Pressure increase instead of using an additional pump.
  • the buoyancy of the natural circulatory system is thus optimal for the Setting the desired water distribution within the water / steam cycles 2, 3 of the steam generator 1 is used.
  • the now increased in the second circuit 3 Amount of water is through the line 10 in the water space 29 of the Steam generator 1 introduced that the line 10 is centered with respect to the tube plate 23rd and opens in the immediate vicinity below the tube plate 23 and the water inevitably from below against the heating medium entering the inlet chamber 22 particularly heated tube plate 23 is passed.
  • the as thermally endangered tube plate 23 can be safely cooled and the steam production in Steam generator 1 maintained without failures or more frequent maintenance intervals become.
  • the evaporator device 5 of the second circuit 3 essentially comprises the water space 29 and the upper tube plate 23.
  • the branch line 10 of the second circuit 3 can also be operated according to FIG. in axial direction of the down pipe 7 from the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 away become.
  • the strand line 9 of the first water / steam circuit 2 in usually led away perpendicular to the downpipe 7.
  • FIG. 1 At the steam generator acc. Figure 1 are the two circuits 2, 3 in Water space 29 merged and by means of a common outlet 16, 18 common outlet line 9/10, 19/20 supplied to the drum 6.
  • the two circuits 2, 3 i.e. circuits 2, 3 each have separate evaporator devices 4, 5) over the respective circuits separate outlets 16, 18 and strand lines and risers 9, 19 and 10, 20 of the Feed drum 6.
  • FIG two or more branches 8 each one behind the other in the direction of flow arranged in the downpipe 7 and each formed with a Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 are arranged in the downpipe 7.
  • FIG a third water / steam circuit 31 which, like the second circuit 3, has a experiences increased water circulation.
  • the working medium passes through the inlet opening 37 into the third branch line 32 in the region of the diffuser 39 at the second branch 8 and is fed to a third evaporator device 33, in order to subsequently pass through the String line 32 to be fed back to the drum 6.
  • FIG. 5 instead of a strand line in the area of Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 several strand lines 10, 32, 35 for several circuits 3, 31, 34 to be arranged.
  • the inlet openings 14, 37, 38 are the String lines 10, 32, 35 also in the area of the diffuser 39 Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 arranged such that the three inlet openings 14, 37, 38 together in the middle of the downpipe lie around an even quantity distribution to achieve the individual strands 10, 32, 35.
  • the string lines 10, 32, 35 lead in each case essentially perpendicularly away from the downpipe 7.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further variant of a steam generator 1 according to the invention
  • Steam generator acc. 7 is also a heat recovery steam generator, however, not a smoke tube boiler, but a water tube boiler.
  • the Steam generator 1 has a substantially vertical throttle cable 40, which in the is essentially formed from water-cooled pipe walls and the Evaporator device 4 of the first water / steam circuit 2 of two available Forms circuits.
  • the working medium is water from the drum 6 on the Down pipe 7 and through the inlet opening 13 of the branch line 9 Evaporator device 4 supplied, partially evaporated here and then over the strand line 9 is fed back to the drum 6.
  • the working medium of the second circuit 3 is at the junction 8 through the Inlet opening 14 of the branch line 10 and then the evaporator device 5 are designed as contact heating surfaces and are arranged in the gas flue 40. After partial evaporation of the water, the working medium passes through the String line 10 back into the drum 6.
  • the water circulation in the second water / steam circuit 3 through the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 on the Branch 8 of the downpipe 7 increased.
  • the heating medium or hot exhaust gas passes through the inlet 21 below in the gas duct 40 of the steam generator 1 and flows through the gas duct 40 from the bottom up, before it is fed 26 further process steps at the outlet becomes.
  • the heating medium gives heat to the Pipe walls and the contact heating surfaces, i.e. to the evaporator devices 4 and 5 from.
  • the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12th expediently arranged downstream of the circulation pump, which in the downpipe 7 is arranged.
  • the downpipe 7 is strictly upstream of the forced circulation Circulation pump a suction line and downstream a pressure line just like that Riser pipe 19, 20.
  • the Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 is like in the forced circulation the amount of water circulating in the second circuit 3 increases during natural circulation.
  • Venturi nozzles 11 can be used as Venturi nozzle devices 11, 12 or classic Venturi tubes 12, such as those used in the flow measurement of Fluids with throttling devices according to DIN EN ISO 5167-1 are used, be used.
  • the Venturi nozzle devices 11, 12 point in Flow direction of the fluid or the working medium water seen one Inlet cone, a cylindrical neck part with inner diameter d (narrowest cross section), and a diffuser 39, with an inlet curve instead of the inlet cone according to the Venturi nozzle according to DIN EN ISO 5167-1 is possible and the narrowest Cross-sectional neck portion may not be cylindrical.
  • the openings for the Flow measurement in the neck part can inevitably be omitted.
  • the ratio of the inner diameter d Venturi nozzle device 11, 12 at its narrowest cross section to the inner diameter D the downpipe 7 be between 1.0 and 0.01.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
EP02007233A 2001-04-10 2002-03-28 Générateur de vapeur Expired - Lifetime EP1249662B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10117989 2001-04-10
DE10117989A DE10117989C1 (de) 2001-04-10 2001-04-10 Dampferzeuger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1249662A1 true EP1249662A1 (fr) 2002-10-16
EP1249662B1 EP1249662B1 (fr) 2005-01-05

Family

ID=7681162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02007233A Expired - Lifetime EP1249662B1 (fr) 2001-04-10 2002-03-28 Générateur de vapeur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6526922B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1249662B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3736630B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100589086B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE286581T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU783495B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10117989C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2234943T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105953198A (zh) * 2016-06-05 2016-09-21 侴乔力 虹吸循环余热蒸汽锅炉
CN106224922A (zh) * 2016-08-21 2016-12-14 侴乔力 管内虹吸循环逆流加热余热蒸汽锅炉
CN106642043A (zh) * 2016-12-18 2017-05-10 侴乔力 回热型余热蒸汽锅炉

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338218A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-08-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Once-through boiler downcomer flow distribution system
EP0051078A1 (fr) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-12 Paul Lindenau GmbH & Co. KG Schiffswerft und Maschinenfabrik Chaudière à vapeur pour l'utilisation de la chaleur de gaz d'échappement
DE19638851C1 (de) * 1996-09-21 1998-02-26 Oschatz Gmbh Dampferzeuger

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH532749A (de) * 1970-12-31 1973-01-15 Sulzer Ag Dampferzeuger
US4151813A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-05-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Jet pump in natural circulation fossil fuel fired steam generator
GB2099558A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-12-08 Gen Electric Heat recovery steam generator
BE1005793A3 (fr) * 1992-05-08 1994-02-01 Cockerill Mech Ind Sa Chaudiere de recuperation de chaleur a circulation induite.
DE4303613C2 (de) * 1993-02-09 1998-12-17 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Dampf in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger
FI101736B1 (fi) * 1996-10-24 1998-08-14 Pipemasters Oy Ltd Pakokaasukattila
US6013939A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-01-11 National Scientific Corp. Monolithic inductor with magnetic flux lines guided away from substrate
DE59810334D1 (de) * 1998-01-21 2004-01-15 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Dampfbildung in einem Zwangsumlaufdampferzeuger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338218A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-08-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Once-through boiler downcomer flow distribution system
EP0051078A1 (fr) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-12 Paul Lindenau GmbH & Co. KG Schiffswerft und Maschinenfabrik Chaudière à vapeur pour l'utilisation de la chaleur de gaz d'échappement
DE19638851C1 (de) * 1996-09-21 1998-02-26 Oschatz Gmbh Dampferzeuger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE286581T1 (de) 2005-01-15
ES2234943T3 (es) 2005-07-01
EP1249662B1 (fr) 2005-01-05
US20020144663A1 (en) 2002-10-10
JP2002333102A (ja) 2002-11-22
DE10117989C1 (de) 2002-05-23
US6526922B2 (en) 2003-03-04
JP3736630B2 (ja) 2006-01-18
AU3299102A (en) 2003-10-16
AU783495B2 (en) 2005-11-03
DE50201936D1 (de) 2005-02-10
KR100589086B1 (ko) 2006-06-12
KR20020080258A (ko) 2002-10-23

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