EP0108298A1 - Condenseur de turbine avec au minimum un conduit de dérivation de vapeur entrant dans le dôme - Google Patents

Condenseur de turbine avec au minimum un conduit de dérivation de vapeur entrant dans le dôme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108298A1
EP0108298A1 EP83110382A EP83110382A EP0108298A1 EP 0108298 A1 EP0108298 A1 EP 0108298A1 EP 83110382 A EP83110382 A EP 83110382A EP 83110382 A EP83110382 A EP 83110382A EP 0108298 A1 EP0108298 A1 EP 0108298A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
throttle
bypass
turbine condenser
turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83110382A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0108298B1 (fr
Inventor
Otto Dipl.-Ing. Von Schwerdtner
Hans Gossen
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Günther
Hans Peters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Publication of EP0108298A1 publication Critical patent/EP0108298A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0108298B1 publication Critical patent/EP0108298B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/04—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines with dump valves to by-pass stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B5/00—Condensers employing a combination of the methods covered by main groups F28B1/00 and F28B3/00; Other condensers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbine condenser with at least one bypass steam inlet opening into the steam dome according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • bypass steam inlets In steam power plants, the steam overproduction of the boiler is passed directly into the steam dome of the turbine condenser bypassing the turbine via one, two or more bypass steam inlets. Such operating states occur temporarily when starting and stopping the turbo set, with rapid load reductions and with load shedding.
  • the bypass steam inlets are equipped with a bypass valve to regulate the amount of bypass steam, a throttle device to relieve the bypass steam and a water injection to cool the bypass steam.
  • the heat gradient to be throttled in such a bypass steam introduction is very large.
  • the steam pressure upstream of the bypass valve is usually up to 45 bar, while the back pressure in the turbine condenser can be specified at around 0.1 bar.
  • a turbine condenser in the steam dome of which the bypass steam is introduced via one or two pipes extending in the longitudinal direction of the condenser.
  • the bypass steam is conducted into the tube lane of the turbine condenser in such a way that exposure to components which are at risk is avoided.
  • the previous cooling of the bypass steam takes place via a water injection pipe arranged inside the pipe.
  • a turbine condenser is also known from a company brochure of Kraftwerk Union AG, Muelheim ad Ruhr (order no. KWU 7118), in which two or more bypass steam inlets are welded into the steam dome wall on the end face of the condenser.
  • the order Conducting steam inlets each contain a bypass valve and a steam cooling screen arranged downstream thereof, in which the bypass steam is expanded and cooled by injected water or condensate.
  • the residual relaxation of the bypass steam takes place behind the steam cooling panel via a short pipe section or directly into the steam dome. Redirection steam inlets designed in this way have the advantage that, with the simplest design, disruptive installations in the steam dome of the turbine condenser are avoided.
  • the proportion of post-expansion into the steam dome is relatively high, since the cross-section of the steam cooling screen provided as a throttle device is limited for structural reasons.
  • the bypass steam enters the steam dome in the form of a bundled single jet.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the bypass steam introduction into the steam dome of a turbine condenser so that the noise is greatly reduced without significant disturbances in the exhaust steam flow of the turbine and the risk of vibration excitation and drop impact erosion of turbine blades, condenser tubes, housing walls and other illuminated components is eliminated .
  • the invention is based on the finding that speeds of the bypass steam which are substantially above the speed of sound can be avoided in the case of throttle devices connected in series with throttle cross sections increasing downstream. This applies to the entire relaxation area, i.e. also to the area behind the last throttle device, provided that the throttle cross is sufficiently large cut of the last throttle device can be made available. For this reason, the last throttle device is formed by an installation which clings to the inside of the steam dome wall and in the convexly curved wall of which a large number of holes are made. Due to the arrangement of the installation within the steam dome, a sufficiently large area is available for the holes in the installation, so that the remaining gradient is correspondingly small.
  • the installation consists of an axially parallel cut and at least approximately vertically aligned multi-hole partial cylinder with end walls.
  • This multi-hole partial cylinder is thus attached to the steam dome wall in the flow direction of the exhaust steam.
  • the multi-hole partial cylinder is also expedient to design the multi-hole partial cylinder as a multi-hole half cylinder, as a result of which the strength properties are improved and production is also facilitated.
  • the end walls are not perforated and thus all of the last throttle device emerging steam jets run at least approximately in the horizontal direction.
  • the upper end wall can then also be inclined and rise towards the steam dome wall, such a shape being particularly aerodynamic.
  • a first throttle device designed as a multi-hole throttle cone and a second throttle device designed as a steam cooling diaphragm are arranged in succession downstream of the diverter valve.
  • the multi-hole throttling cone also has the task of calming the highly turbulent steam flow behind the diverter valve.
  • the pressure of a water injection arranged after this multi-hole throttle cone can be reduced and the pump output can accordingly be reduced.
  • the steam cooling orifice arranged immediately behind causes a further throttling of the steam flow and a good atomization of the water injected in the area of high steam speeds.
  • the second throttle device can also be designed as a multi-hole steam cooling screen, whereby the steam and water distribution is further improved.
  • Additional throttle devices can also be arranged between the aforementioned second throttle device and the last throttle device.
  • the distances between these further throttle devices can then be matched to the throttle cross sections such that the vapor velocity generated in one throttle device is slowed down before reaching the next throttle device in accordance with the cross section available there. This is done in the supersonic area by compression impacts and otherwise by swirling.
  • the further throttle devices are arranged outside the steam dome wall and as multi-hole throttle cones
  • the further throttle devices are formed by internally arranged internals which adhere to the inside of the steam dome wall.
  • Such a bypass steam inlet is extremely short in view of the small space requirement outside the steam dome.
  • the further throttle devices could be designed as multi-hole throttle cones and / or as roof-shaped internals with perforated roof surfaces. The two roof halves of a roof-shaped installation are then expediently connected to one another via a short half-cylinder piece.
  • At least one of the above-mentioned further throttle devices must be assigned a further water injection.
  • bypass steam inlet opens out to the side of the preheater in an end face of the steam dome.
  • these can open out on both sides next to the preheater in a front steam dome wall. Due to the small space requirement of the installation which forms the last throttle device and clings to the inside of the steam dome wall, there is sufficient space within the steam dome without mutual hindrance for one or two bypass steam inlets, for a preheater and for the arrangement of steam extraction pipes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a highly simplified schematic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a bypass steam inlet.
  • the bypass steam indicated by arrows 1 first reaches a bypass valve 2 which regulates the amount of bypass steam according to the respective operating conditions of the turbine.
  • a pipe socket 3 Connected to the bypass valve 2 is a pipe socket 3 which is flared in the direction of flow and which is welded at the end into the steam dome wall of a turbine condenser designated by 400.
  • a first throttle device 5 is initially arranged behind the diverter valve 2, which is designed as a multi-hole throttle cone that widens in the flow direction and, in addition to throttling the diverter steam 1, is also intended to calm the flow, which is highly turbulent at this point.
  • a second throttle device 6 which is designed as a steam cooling diaphragm and which has a plurality of throttle devices which are distributed in the circumferential direction and are light in the flow direction has inclined bores 60 through which water or condensate is injected to cool the bypass steam, as indicated by the arrows 600.
  • the flow cross section of the second throttle device 6 is adapted to the course of the speed, the injection of the water 600 taking place at the highest possible steam speed for reasons of atomization.
  • the second throttle device 6 is followed in succession by a third throttle device 7, a fourth throttle device 8 and a fifth throttle device 9, each of which is designed as a multi-hole throttle cone which widens in the direction of flow.
  • the axial distances of the other throttle devices 7, 8 and 9 are matched to the hole diameters of the throttle cross sections so that the velocity of the bypass steam 1 generated in one throttle point is slowed down before reaching the next throttle point in accordance with the cross section available there. This is done in the supersonic area by compression impacts and otherwise by swirling.
  • further water injections can be assigned to the further throttle devices 7, 8 and 9.
  • a further water injection 11 is arranged directly upstream of the throttle device 9, through which water indicated by arrows 1100 is injected.
  • the design of the further throttle devices 7, 8 and 9 as multi-hole throttle cones offers advantages in terms of strength, thermal expansion and vibration behavior.
  • the last throttle device 12 following the throttle device 9 is therefore no longer arranged within the pipe socket 3, but within the steam dome of the turbine condenser.
  • the last throttle device 12 is designed as a multi-hole half cylinder 120 which is oriented vertically, i.e. in the flow direction of the exhaust steam of the turbine, and is aligned as installation of the steam dome hugs the steam dome wall 400 from the inside.
  • the multi-hole half cylinder 120 has an upper end wall 1200 and a lower end wall 1201, the upper end wall 1200 being inclined in an aerodynamically favorable manner with respect to the exhaust steam flowing into the steam dome.
  • the flow of the bypass steam 1 from the pipe socket 3 into the last throttle device 12 takes place in the manner of a T-piece. This is intended to avoid bottlenecks in the flow cross section.
  • the throttle cross sections of the throttle devices 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 12 connected in series increase downstream, so that the bypass steam 1 can be throttled in such a way that the speed of sound is exceeded as little as possible in each case.
  • the last throttle device 12 can be provided with such a large throttle cross-section as the installation of the steam dome that the corresponding reduction of the remaining gradient means that the bypass steam 1 only moderately exceeds the speed of sound when entering the steam dome.
  • Fig. 2 shows a very simplified schematic representation of a second embodiment of a bypass steam inlet.
  • the bypass steam indicated by arrows 1 ' flows in succession through a bypass valve 2', a first throttle device 5 'designed as a multi-hole throttle cone, a second throttle device 6' arranged immediately behind it and designed as a multi-hole steam cooling screen, a third throttle device 7 designed as a multi-hole throttle cone ', a fourth throttle device 8', also designed as a multi-hole throttle cone, a fifth throttle device 9 'designed as a roof-shaped installation with perforated roof surfaces, and a last throttle device 12', which as a multi-hole half-cylinder 120 'with an upper, inclined end wall 1200' and a lower end wall 1201 'is formed.
  • the first throttle device 5 ', the second throttle device 6' and the third throttle device 7 ' are arranged within a step-widening conical pipe socket 3', while the fourth throttle device 8 ', the fifth throttle device 9' and the last throttle device 12 'as nested Installation of the steam dome are formed, which are attached to the steam dome wall 400 'from the inside.
  • the entire bypass steam inlet is therefore extremely short outside the steam dome.
  • the second throttle device 6 ' is designed as a multi-hole steam cooling screen, which results in a better distribution of the bypass steam ⁇ ' and the water 600 'supplied via a line 60' and an annular channel.
  • the short distances between the individual throttling points are taken into account by small hole diameters. In order to avoid that the steam jets generated in one throttle point blow directly onto the holes in the next throttle point, holes have been omitted where the distances are too short.
  • the fifth throttle device 9 ' is designed as an installation with perforated roof surfaces, these roof surfaces being connected to one another via a short half-cylinder piece 90'.
  • This short half-cylinder piece 90 ' can also be seen in the sectional view of FIG. 3. 3 also shows the fastening of the multi-hole half cylinder 120 'of the last throttle device 12' and the multi-hole throttle cone of the fourth throttle device 8 'to the steam dome wall 400'.
  • FIG. 4 shows a vertical section through a turbine condenser, generally designated 4, which is resiliently supported on a foundation F below a low-pressure partial turbine NT.
  • a preheater 41 On both sides next to the preheater 41, two of the bypass steam inlets shown in FIG. 1 open into the steam dome 40, of which the last throttle device 12 with the multi-hole half cylinder 120 and the upper end wall 1200 as well as the pipe socket 3 welded into the front steam dome wall 400 can be seen is.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP83110382A 1982-11-02 1983-10-18 Condenseur de turbine avec au minimum un conduit de dérivation de vapeur entrant dans le dôme Expired EP0108298B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3240453 1982-11-02
DE19823240453 DE3240453A1 (de) 1982-11-02 1982-11-02 Dampfturbinenkondensator mit mindestens einer in den dampfdom einmuendenden umleitdampfeinfuehrung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0108298A1 true EP0108298A1 (fr) 1984-05-16
EP0108298B1 EP0108298B1 (fr) 1985-08-07

Family

ID=6177117

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110382A Expired EP0108298B1 (fr) 1982-11-02 1983-10-18 Condenseur de turbine avec au minimum un conduit de dérivation de vapeur entrant dans le dôme

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4530212A (fr)
EP (1) EP0108298B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5997487A (fr)
DE (2) DE3240453A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN158404B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019584A1 (fr) * 1993-02-25 1994-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidissement d'une turbine a rapport de compression reduit en mode ventilation
EP0953731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Asea Brown Boveri AG Dispositif d'introduction de vapeur dans des centrales d'énergie
EP1260782A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-27 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Condenseur de vapeur
EP2500549A1 (fr) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ecran d'injection pour une centrale à vapeur
EP3591179A1 (fr) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conduit de dérivation de vapeur

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62178885A (ja) * 1986-02-03 1987-08-05 Hitachi Ltd 減温減圧装置
DE59711396D1 (de) * 1997-01-10 2004-04-15 Framatome Anp Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Überhitzen von Dampf
SE9703218L (sv) * 1997-09-08 1998-12-21 Vattenfall Ab Ångutloppsanordning med dysa och fördelningskupa, placerad i en ånggenerators tak
US6481208B1 (en) 2001-10-01 2002-11-19 Holtec International External steam dump
EP1607586A1 (fr) * 2004-05-06 2005-12-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Centrale à vapeur
GB2452904B (en) * 2007-05-29 2010-01-20 William St George Vesy Stoney Adiabatic decompression cycle
JP6221168B2 (ja) * 2013-03-27 2017-11-01 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 復水器、及びこれを備える蒸気タービンプラント

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1014568B (de) * 1953-08-17 1957-08-29 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Einrichtung zum Niederschlagen des Anfahrdampfes in einem Oberflaechenkondensator
FR2212853A5 (fr) * 1973-01-02 1974-07-26 Cem Comp Electro Mec

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS503847U (fr) * 1973-05-08 1975-01-16
JPS54150507A (en) * 1978-05-19 1979-11-26 Toshiba Corp Condenser
JPS56132408A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-10-16 Toshiba Corp Turbine bypass device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1014568B (de) * 1953-08-17 1957-08-29 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Einrichtung zum Niederschlagen des Anfahrdampfes in einem Oberflaechenkondensator
FR2212853A5 (fr) * 1973-01-02 1974-07-26 Cem Comp Electro Mec

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019584A1 (fr) * 1993-02-25 1994-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidissement d'une turbine a rapport de compression reduit en mode ventilation
EP0953731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Asea Brown Boveri AG Dispositif d'introduction de vapeur dans des centrales d'énergie
US6189871B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-02-20 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Steam introduction device in a power plant
EP1260782A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-27 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Condenseur de vapeur
WO2002095313A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-28 Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd Condenseur de vapeur
EP2500549A1 (fr) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ecran d'injection pour une centrale à vapeur
WO2012123194A1 (fr) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur
CN103443420A (zh) * 2011-03-14 2013-12-11 西门子公司 用于蒸汽发电站的喷射孔板
CN103443420B (zh) * 2011-03-14 2016-05-18 西门子公司 用于混合水和蒸汽的喷射孔板以及冷却蒸汽的方法
EP3591179A1 (fr) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conduit de dérivation de vapeur
WO2020007609A1 (fr) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Entrée de vapeur de dérivation
RU2756941C1 (ru) * 2018-07-03 2021-10-07 Сименс Энерджи Глоубл Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг Ввод пара в байпасе

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3360524D1 (en) 1985-09-12
US4530212A (en) 1985-07-23
IN158404B (fr) 1986-11-08
EP0108298B1 (fr) 1985-08-07
JPS5997487A (ja) 1984-06-05
DE3240453A1 (de) 1984-05-03

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