EP1153219B1 - Diffuseur sans pulsations de l'interface d'impact, et procede pour empecher les pulsations de l'interface d'impact de diffuseurs - Google Patents
Diffuseur sans pulsations de l'interface d'impact, et procede pour empecher les pulsations de l'interface d'impact de diffuseurs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1153219B1 EP1153219B1 EP00907578A EP00907578A EP1153219B1 EP 1153219 B1 EP1153219 B1 EP 1153219B1 EP 00907578 A EP00907578 A EP 00907578A EP 00907578 A EP00907578 A EP 00907578A EP 1153219 B1 EP1153219 B1 EP 1153219B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diffuser
- fluid
- turbine
- section
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/04—Antivibration arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
- F05D2250/19—Two-dimensional machined; miscellaneous
- F05D2250/191—Two-dimensional machined; miscellaneous perforated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
- Y10S415/914—Device to control boundary layer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a diffuser for delaying a Fluids with at least one wall forming a channel an inlet cross-section and an outlet cross-section, the flow cross-section of the channel at Outlet cross-section is larger than the inlet cross-section.
- Francis turbines produced by a Liquid flow through, a suction pipe connected to the above conversion from speed to To achieve pressure energy and thus the performance of the turbine to increase. Even with gas turbines and others with high Apparatus striving for velocity, by mounting a diffuser at least part of the Recover flow energy of the fluid.
- a fundamental problem with diffusers of all kinds is that due to the delayed flow separation effects between Flow and the wall of the diffuser can occur.
- This Detachment effects in any case reduce the free one Cross section of the diffuser and thus increase its effect at least partially.
- These vibrations are high Dimensions undesirable as they have an additional mechanical Represent the load on the components affected by them and thus operational reliability and service life of these components can significantly reduce.
- baffles By installing baffles in the channel of the diffuser, For example, an attempt was made to separate the flow from to prevent the convex curved wall of the diffuser. A reduction in the pulsation can thus be achieved. However, the efficiency of the diffuser deteriorates through the built-in baffles throughout Operating time worth mentioning.
- this object is achieved by a diffuser according to the characterizing part of claim 1.
- Pumping the energizing fluid into the channel can always when pulsations occur, the fluid targeted energy are supplied so that the pulsation is suppressed and Damage to the turbine blades of an upstream one Turbine or the diffuser can be prevented.
- the appearance Pulsations can be caused by the transient measurement of the pressure of the fluid and the comparison of the amplitudes of the Pressure fluctuations within a predetermined Frequency range continuously monitored during operation become. If the openings in the areas of the wall in which a pulsation of the shock boundary layer between fluid and Are arranged, the weakening remains Wall of the diffuser through the openings low. Moreover can by pumping the energizing fluid into it Target the pulsation of the shock boundary layer are influenced or suppressed.
- the control unit determines the amplitudes and frequencies of the Pressure transducers measured and triggers the promotion of the Energizing fluids in the diffuser when the Amplitudes within a predetermined frequency range Exceed threshold. This ensures that whenever pulsations occur energizing fluid in the Is promoted diffuser and on the other hand the promotion of the Energizing fluid is absent when there are no pulsations be measured. This makes the efficiency of the Diffuser according to the invention at the times when no pulsations occur, in no way impaired and it only takes place during the comparatively short Operating times at which a pulsation occurs are very there is little reduction in diffuser efficiency.
- the opening or the openings are circular or elongated so that the openings are easy to manufacture and have a low notch effect.
- the Channel has an annular cross section, so that too Diffusers with an inner shell and a convex curved Outer shell in all operating points safely and with good Efficiency can be operated.
- the fluid enters axial direction in the diffuser and / or points in Entry cross-section a swirl and / or the fluid occurs in the radial direction from the diffuser, so that the installation of a diffuser according to the invention between a steam turbine and a condenser with different inflow and Outflow conditions is easily possible.
- the diffuser is rotationally symmetrical.
- Energizing fluid same or similar consistency as that Has fluid, so that, for example, by branching off a Partial steam flow in the medium or low pressure part of the upstream steam turbine inexpensively and without equipment energizing fluid available stands, whose parameters (pressure, temperature, mass flow) exactly can be tailored to the application.
- energizing fluid can be used.
- the Energizing fluid is compressed air, so that without any intervention in the turbine or another, the diffuser according to the invention upstream apparatus the suppression of pulsations can be done.
- a Turbine with a housing, with an impeller and with one Diffuser, with a fluid flowing through the housing, where the fluid drives the impeller and where the diffuser, seen in the direction of flow of the fluid, behind the impeller is arranged, characterized in that the diffuser Diffuser according to one of the preceding claims.
- Diffuser also used in a turbine according to the invention.
- the turbine a steam turbine, a gas turbine or a Francis turbine is, so regardless of the different fluids, with where the turbines are operated, a pulsation in Diffuser of the steam or gas turbine or in the intake manifold Francis turbine is omitted.
- This method according to the invention makes it possible for whenever an operating point is approached in the Pulsations occur, these are measured, recognized and by Pumping energizing fluid in the diffuser suppressed become. So u. a. also existing diffusers, where pulsations occur, monitored and promoted of energizing fluid in the diffuser the pulsations be prevented.
- Fig. 1 is a low pressure (LP) steam turbine 1 with a horizontally extending shaft 3 shown in longitudinal section. Via an inflow line 5, the arrow 7 indicated in the following referred to as fluid steam in the LP steam trough directed.
- a nozzle 9 is located in the turbine available, which directs the fluid to an impeller 11. After the fluid along arrows 12 through several Guide vane rows 9 and the impeller 11 with several Row of blades has flowed while doing work on the shaft 3, it reaches diffusers 13.
- Diffusers 13 each have a convexly curved outer shell 15 and a concave curved inner shell 16. The fluid passes through one Diffuser inlet 17 enters the diffuser 13 and passes through a diffuser outlet 18 from this. To the diffusers 13 close an evaporator housing 19 and only a hinted Capacitor 21 on. All figures are the same Components or designations with the same reference symbols Mistake.
- Fig. 2 is an impeller 11 with a diffuser 13 in Partial section shown.
- the outer shell 15 and the inner shell 16 form a channel 30 through which Fluid flows.
- the main mass flow 31 of the fluid passes through the impeller 11 into the diffuser 13. Through the gap 33 between the impeller 11 and the outer shell 15 of the diffuser 13 arrives Gap mass flow 35 in the diffuser.
- the Flow velocity in the gap 33 is higher than that of the Main mass flow 31, because the gap mass flow 35 does not pass through the impeller 11 is braked. After the last one There is an additional row of blades on shaft 3 Acceleration of the gap mass flow 35, which is in comparable form also plays in a Laval nozzle.
- the outflow of the fluid from through the impeller 11 indicated turbine in the diffuser 13 will to a large extent through the interaction of the main mass flow 31 and the Gap mass flow 35 influenced.
- the energizing effect that from the gap mass flow 35 onto the flow boundary layer the outer shell of the diffuser is exercised, especially important.
- the energization of the boundary layer by the Gap mass flow 35 is the cause of the shift of Detachment area on the outer shell 15 in the direction of Diffuser outlet 18 and the thus induced reduction in Blocking effect due to the separation of the boundary layer arises to look at.
- the Blocking effect is greatest.
- Fig. 2 are the result of the axi-radial deflection Flow conditions in the course of the diffuser 13 in one two-dimensional representation shown schematically.
- the Gap mass flow 35 arrives in that shown in FIG. 2 Operating state with supersonic speed (Ma> 1) in the Diffuser 13, with the main mass flow 31 Subsonic speed (Ma ⁇ 1) into the diffuser 13 arrives.
- the boundary between these two areas is through a sound line 39 is shown.
- a line 41 is the Location of the shock wave is shown.
- a detachment area 43 shown within the flow of the fluid from the outer shell 15 has replaced.
- the extent of the pulsation Efficiency losses and the harmful effects of pulsation on the blades of the LP steam turbine 1 and the diffuser 13 can according to the invention through one or more openings 45 can be prevented in the diffuser 13.
- Via supply lines 46 can be an energizing fluid, not shown in FIG are conveyed through the openings 45 into the diffuser.
- the pulsations can be controlled by means of a transient measuring pressure transducer 47 are detected.
- Fig. 4 are the results of Amplitudes by means of transient pressure transducers DA1 and DA2 measured for a constant flow state were shown. The recorded different The curve shape of DA1 and DA2 is due to the fact that different positions was measured. From Fig. 4 results that the measured with a first pressure transducer DA1 Pulsation amplitudes in the range between 150 ° and 210 ° the most biggest are. The one with a second pressure transducer DA2 measured values shown in dashed lines overall somewhat lower, but also show a pronounced Maximum in the range between 190 ° and 215 °.
- FIG. 4 shows that the pulsations in the case of FIG. 3 shown outflow of the total mass flow over the Scope are different.
- openings 45 and / or pressure transducers in the area of large To lay amplitudes so that on the one hand the pulsations easily and become clearly recognizable and on the other hand through the Pumping energizing fluid into the diffuser suppression of the pulsations achieved as effectively as possible becomes.
- FIG. 7 is another operating state of the turbine or Diffuser shown in which without conveying Energizing fluid in the diffuser has an amplitude of 15.8 mbar was measured at 417 Hz.
- Fig. 8 the measured pressure curve is the same Operating state of the turbine and the diffuser with conveying Energizing fluid shown in the diffuser. In this Fall has dropped to 4.1 mbar at 425 Hz decreased, which is also called complete suppression of the Pulsation can be seen.
- the suppression of the pulsation can be done by using a diffuser according to the invention or by using the method are completely suppressed. It is irrelevant whether the fluid is steam, flue gas, air or is, for example, water.
- the inventive method is for compressible and all kinds of incompressible fluids can be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Claims (14)
- Diffuseur pour le ralentissement d'un fluide, comprenant au moins une paroi (15) formant un canal (30), une section d'admission (17) et une section de sortie (18), la section de passage du canal (30) au niveau de la section de sortie (18) étant supérieure à celle au niveau de la section d'admission (17), caractérisé en ce que la paroi (15) comporte au moins un orifice (45), en ce que le au moins un orifice (45) est agencé dans une zone de la paroi (15, 16), dans laquelle le fluide peut se détacher de la paroi (15, 16), en ce qu'un fluide énergétique peut être acheminé à travers l'orifice (45) dans le canal (30), en ce qu'au moins un capteur de pression (47) est prévu au niveau du diffuseur (13), en ce que le capteur de pression (47) mesure de manière non stationnaire la pression du fluide, en ce qu'un organe de commande est prévu, en ce que l'organe de commande détermine des amplitudes (51) et des fréquences (55) des pressions mesurées par le capteur de pression (47), et en ce que l'organe de commande déclenche l'acheminement du fluide énergétique dans le diffuseur (13) lorsque les amplitudes (51) sont supérieures à une valeur seuil à l'intérieur d'une plage de fréquences prédéfinie.
- Diffuseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (45) ou les orifices (45) sont des trous ronds ou des trous oblongs.
- Diffuseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les orifices (45) sont réalisés dans plusieurs zones de la paroi (15, 16).
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal (30) présente une section circulaire.
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide pénètre dans la direction axiale dans le diffuseur (13).
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide présente un spin dans la section d'admission (17).
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide est évacué dans la direction axiale hors du diffuseur (13).
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le diffuseur (13) est conçu avec une symétrie de rotation.
- Diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide énergétique a une consistance identique ou analogue à la consistance du fluide.
- Turbine comprenant un carter, avec un rotor (11) et avec un diffuseur (13), dans laquelle un fluide passe à travers le carter, le fluide actionnant le rotor (11), et dans laquelle le diffuseur (13) est agencé derrière le rotor (11) en référence au sens d'écoulement du fluide, caractérisée en ce que le diffuseur (13) est un diffuseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
- Turbine selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que la turbine est une turbine à vapeur basse pression.
- Turbine selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que la turbine est une turbine à gaz.
- Turbine selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que la turbine est une turbine hydraulique, en particulier une turbine Francis.
- Procédé destiné à empêcher dans un diffuseur (13) les pulsations par à-coups à l'interface, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :préparation d'un diffuseur (13) avec au moins une paroi (15) formant un canal (30),mesure non stationnaire de la pression du fluide dans le diffuseur (13),analyse des amplitudes (51) et des fréquences (55) des pressions mesurées,acheminement du fluide énergétique dans une zone de la paroi (15, 16), dans laquelle le fluide peut se détacher de la paroi (15, 16) lorsque les amplitudes (51) sont supérieures à une valeur seuil à l'intérieur d'une plage de fréquences prédéfinie.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19905994 | 1999-02-15 | ||
DE19905994A DE19905994A1 (de) | 1999-02-15 | 1999-02-15 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufhebung von Stoß-Grenzschicht-Oszillationen bei kreisringförmigen Diffusoren (axial-radial) an Dampfturbinen |
PCT/EP2000/001300 WO2000049297A1 (fr) | 1999-02-15 | 2000-02-15 | Diffuseur sans pulsations de l'interface d'impact, et procede pour empecher les pulsations de l'interface d'impact de diffuseurs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1153219A1 EP1153219A1 (fr) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1153219B1 true EP1153219B1 (fr) | 2003-08-20 |
Family
ID=7897371
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00907578A Expired - Lifetime EP1153219B1 (fr) | 1999-02-15 | 2000-02-15 | Diffuseur sans pulsations de l'interface d'impact, et procede pour empecher les pulsations de l'interface d'impact de diffuseurs |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6602046B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1153219B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE247783T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2912100A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE19905994A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000049297A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2412941A1 (fr) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Diffuseur d'échappement pour une turbine à gaz et procédé correspondant |
US8591184B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2013-11-26 | General Electric Company | Hub flowpath contour |
US8628297B2 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2014-01-14 | General Electric Company | Tip flowpath contour |
US20130022444A1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-01-24 | Sudhakar Neeli | Low pressure turbine exhaust diffuser with turbulators |
US20130243564A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Prakash Bavanjibhai Dalsania | Exhaust diffuser for turbine |
EP2677123B2 (fr) | 2012-06-18 | 2018-04-25 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Diffuseur pour turbomachines |
US9109467B2 (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2015-08-18 | General Electric Company | Exhaust system for use with a turbine and method of assembling same |
DE102013204006A1 (de) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Diffusoranordnung für ein Abdampfgehäuse einer Dampfturbine, sowie damit ausgestattete Dampfturbine |
JP6189239B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-08-30 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 蒸気タービン |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3123285A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Diffuser with boundary layer control | ||
FR770326A (fr) * | 1933-06-07 | 1934-09-12 | Procédé de transformation de l'énergie calorifique en énergie cinétique ou potentielle | |
DE1108525B (de) * | 1956-06-11 | 1961-06-08 | Voith Gmbh J M | Diffusor mit einer Einrichtung zum Anblasen der Grenzschicht |
FR1318602A (fr) * | 1959-08-01 | 1963-02-22 | Procédé pour influencer la circulation d'un fluide, notamment dans des pompes centrifuges, et dispositif pour la réalisation de ce procédé | |
US3149470A (en) * | 1962-08-29 | 1964-09-22 | Gen Electric | Low pressure turbine exhaust hood |
GB1386281A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1975-03-05 | Luft U Kaeltetechnik Veb K | Boundary layer control for turbo machines |
US3945760A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-03-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Outer cylinder for a low pressure turbine apparatus |
US4029430A (en) * | 1975-09-02 | 1977-06-14 | Fonda Bonardi Giusto | Short subsonic diffuser for large pressure ratios |
IL48928A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1978-04-30 | Univ Ben Gurion | Wind-driven energy generating device |
US4159188A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1979-06-26 | Atencio Francisco J G | Dam with reversible hydroelectric station |
FR2401311A1 (fr) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-03-23 | Europ Turb Vapeur | Dispositif d'echappement pour turbine axiale a fluide condensable |
US5603605A (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1997-02-18 | Fonda-Bonardi; G. | Diffuser |
-
1999
- 1999-02-15 DE DE19905994A patent/DE19905994A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-02-15 AU AU29121/00A patent/AU2912100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-15 DE DE50003355T patent/DE50003355D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-15 WO PCT/EP2000/001300 patent/WO2000049297A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-15 AT AT00907578T patent/ATE247783T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-15 EP EP00907578A patent/EP1153219B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-08-15 US US09/930,404 patent/US6602046B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE247783T1 (de) | 2003-09-15 |
DE50003355D1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
EP1153219A1 (fr) | 2001-11-14 |
WO2000049297A1 (fr) | 2000-08-24 |
DE19905994A1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
AU2912100A (en) | 2000-09-04 |
US6602046B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
WO2000049297B1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
US20020018714A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
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