EP1249281B1 - Surface auto-nettoyante avec une structure hydrophobe et procédé pour sa réalisation - Google Patents

Surface auto-nettoyante avec une structure hydrophobe et procédé pour sa réalisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249281B1
EP1249281B1 EP02004703A EP02004703A EP1249281B1 EP 1249281 B1 EP1249281 B1 EP 1249281B1 EP 02004703 A EP02004703 A EP 02004703A EP 02004703 A EP02004703 A EP 02004703A EP 1249281 B1 EP1249281 B1 EP 1249281B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
particles
self
elevations
depressions
cleaning
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EP02004703A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1249281A2 (fr
EP1249281A3 (fr
Inventor
Markus Dr. Oles
Bernhard Dr. Schleich
Edwin Dr. Nun
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/2438—Coated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/2438—Coated
    • Y10T428/24388—Silicon containing coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/24405—Polymer or resin [e.g., natural or synthetic rubber, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/24413—Metal or metal compound
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/24421—Silicon containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/259—Silicic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to structured particles and the use thereof for self-cleaning surfaces and methods for their preparation.
  • Articles having extremely difficult to wet surfaces have a number of economically important features.
  • the economically most important feature is the self-cleaning effect of difficult-to-wet surfaces, since the cleaning of surfaces is time consuming and costly.
  • Self-cleaning surfaces are therefore of the highest economic interest.
  • Adhesive mechanisms are usually conditioned by interfacial energy parameters between the two contacting surfaces. As a rule, the systems try to lower their free surface energy. If the free interfacial energies between two components are inherently very low, it can generally be assumed that the adhesion between these two components is weak. Important here is the relative lowering of the free surface energy. For pairings with high and low interfacial energy, the possibilities of interactions are very often important.
  • hydrophobic materials such as perfluorinated polymers
  • hydrophobic surfaces are known.
  • a further development of these surfaces is to structure the surfaces in the ⁇ m range to the nm range.
  • US Pat. No. 5,599,489 discloses a method in which a surface can be provided in a particularly repellent manner by bombardment with particles of a corresponding size and subsequent perfluorination.
  • Another method is described by H. Saito et al., Service Coatings International 4, 1997, p. 168 et seq.
  • particles of fluoropolymers are applied to metal surfaces, whereby a markedly reduced wettability of the surfaces thus produced to water has been determined with a considerably reduced tendency to freeze.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 3,354,022 and WO 96/04123 disclose further methods of reducing the wettability of articles by surface topological changes.
  • artificial elevations or depressions with a height of about 5 to 1000 microns and a distance of about 5 to 500 microns are applied to hydrophobic or hydrophobized after structuring materials.
  • Surfaces of this type lead to rapid droplet formation, whereby the rolling drops absorb dirt particles and thus clean the surface.
  • WO 00/58410 describes the structures and claims the formation thereof by spraying hydrophobic alcohols, such as nonakosan-10-ol, or alkanediols, such as nonakosan-5,10-diol.
  • hydrophobic alcohols such as nonakosan-10-ol, or alkanediols, such as nonakosan-5,10-diol.
  • the disadvantage here is the lack of stability of the self-cleaning surfaces, since detergents lead to the replacement of the structure.
  • EP 1 040 874 A2 describes the embossing of microstructures and claims the use of such structures in analytics (microfluidics).
  • a disadvantage of these structures is the insufficient mechanical stability.
  • Self-repeating or self-similar surface structures are described, for example, by Marie E. Turner in Advanced Materials, 2001, 13, no. 3, page 180 ff. Described.
  • JP 11171592 describes a water-repellent product and its preparation wherein the soil-repellent surface is produced by applying a film to the surface to be treated comprising fine particles of metal oxide and the hydrolyzate of a metal alkoxide or chelate.
  • the substrate to which the film has been applied must be sintered at temperatures above 400 ° C. The method can therefore only be used for substrates which are stable even at temperatures above 400 ° C.
  • EP 1 249 280 A2 discloses self-cleaning structures through hydrophobic surfaces having particles in the micrometer to submicrometer range and with a fissured structure in the nanometer range.
  • a curable substance is applied as a carrier to a surface, then the particles are placed on the carrier and, in a final step, the particles are fixed by hardening the carrier.
  • a self-cleaning surface which is characterized in that a substantially smooth substrate surface is coated with particles having a BET surface area above 80 m 2 / g. The particles are firmly bonded to the substrate surface. In order to render the surface water- or oil-repellent, it must be provided with a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating in an additional process step.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide particularly well self-cleaning surfaces with structures in the nanometer range, as well as a simple method for producing such self-cleaning surfaces.
  • the present invention is therefore a self-cleaning surface having an artificial, at least partially hydrophobic surface structure of elevations and depressions, wherein the elevations and depressions are formed by fixed on the surface of particles, which is characterized in that the particles have a fissured structure with Have elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range, which have an average height of 20 to 500 nm, wherein the distance of the elevations or depressions on the particles is less than 500 nm, and the particles are composed of primary particles to agglomerates or aggregates , whose size is between 20 nm and 100 microns.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the production of self-cleaning surfaces, in which a suitable, at least partially hydrophobic surface structure is provided by fixing particles on a surface, which is characterized in that particles, the rugged structures with elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range, whose elevations and / or depressions have on average a height of 20 to 500 nm, wherein the distance of the elevations or depressions on the particles is less than 500 nm, and which are composed of primary particles to agglomerates or aggregates whose Size between 20 nm and 100 microns, are used.
  • the self-cleaning surface according to the invention which has an artificial, at least partially hydrophobic surface structure of elevations and depressions, wherein the elevations and depressions are formed by particles fixed on the surface, is characterized in that the particles have a fissured structure with elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range.
  • the elevations and / or depressions have on average a height of 20 to 200 nm.
  • the spacing of the elevations or depressions on the particles is preferably less than 200 nm.
  • the rugged structures with elevations and / or pits in the nanometer range can be e.g. cavities, pores, grooves, peaks and / or spikes are formed.
  • the particles themselves have an average size of less than 50 .mu.m, preferably of less than 30 .mu.m and most preferably of less than 20 .mu.m.
  • the particles on the surface preferably have spacings of 0-10 particle diameters, in particular 2-3 particle diameters.
  • the particles may be particles in the sense of DIN 53 206.
  • Particles or particles according to this standard may be individual particles but also aggregates or agglomerates, according to DIN 53 206 under aggregates surface or edge-shaped juxtaposed primary particles (particles) and agglomerates punctiform juxtaposed primary particles (particles) are understood.
  • Particles used are those which aggregate from primary particles to form agglomerates or aggregates.
  • the structure of such Particles may be spherical, strictly spherical, moderately aggregated, nearly spherical, highly agglomerated or porous agglomerated.
  • the preferred size of the agglomerates or aggregates is between 0.2 and 30 microns.
  • the particles have a BET surface area of from 20 to 1000 square meters per gram. Most preferably, the particles have a BET surface area of 50 to 200 m 2 / g.
  • the particles comprise at least one material selected from silicates, doped silicates, minerals, metal oxides, silicas, polymers and silica-coated metal powders.
  • pyrogenic silicic acids or precipitated silicas in particular aerosils, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2, zinc powder coated with Aerosil R 974, preferably having a particle size of from 0.2 to 30 ⁇ m, or pulverulent polymers, such as For example, cryogenically ground or spray-dried polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or perfluorinated copolymers or copolymers with tetrafluoroethylene, on.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the particles preferably also have hydrophobic properties in addition to the fissured structures in order to generate the self-cleaning surfaces.
  • the particles themselves may be hydrophobic, e.g. PTFE-containing particles, or the particles used may have been rendered hydrophobic.
  • the hydrophobing of the particles can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • Typical hydrophobized particles are e.g. Fine powders such as Aerosil-R 8200 (Degussa AG), which are available for purchase.
  • the preferably used silicic acids preferably have a dibutyl phthalate adsorption, based on DIN 53 601, of between 100 and 350 ml / 100 g, preferably values between 250 and 350 ml / 100 g.
  • the particles are fixed to the surface.
  • the fixing can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the chemical or physical (mechanical). By order of Particles on the surface in a tightly packed layer can generate the self-cleaning surface.
  • the self-cleaning surfaces according to the invention have an unrolling angle of less than 20 °, particularly preferably less than 10 °, the unrolling angle being defined such that a drop of water applied from a 1 cm height rolls onto a plane surface resting on an inclined plane.
  • the advancing angle and the retreating angle are above 140 °, preferably above 150 ° and have a hysteresis of less than 15 °, preferably less than 10 °. Because the surfaces according to the invention have an advancing and retreating angle above at least 140 °, preferably above 150 °, particularly good self-cleaning surfaces become accessible.
  • the self-cleaning surfaces are semitransparent.
  • the surfaces according to the invention can be contact-transparent, that is to say that after the creation of a surface according to the invention on a labeled object, this inscription, depending on the size of the writing, can still be read.
  • the self-cleaning surfaces according to the invention are preferably produced by the method according to any one of claims 9 to 16 for the production of these surfaces.
  • This method according to the invention for the production of self-cleaning surfaces, in which a suitable, at least partially hydrophobic surface structure is created by fixing particles on the surface is characterized in that, as the particles described above, the rugged structures with elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range have to be used.
  • those particles which comprise at least one material selected from silicates or doped silicates, minerals, metal oxides, fumed silicas or precipitated silicas or polymers are used.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • particles having a BET surface area of 50 to 600 m 2 / g are used.
  • particles having a BET surface area of 50 to 200 m 2 / g are used.
  • the particles preferably also have hydrophobic properties in addition to the fissured structures in order to generate the self-cleaning surfaces.
  • the particles themselves may be hydrophobic, e.g. PTFE-containing particles, or the particles used may have been rendered hydrophobic.
  • the hydrophobing of the particles can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • Typical hydrophobized particles are e.g. Fine powders such as Aerosil R 974 or Aerosil-R 8200 (Degussa AG), which are available for purchase.
  • the fixing of the particles on the surface can be carried out chemically or physically in a manner known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a chemical method of fixation e.g. the use of a fixing agent can be used.
  • Suitable fixatives are various adhesives, adhesion promoters or lacquers. The person skilled in the art will find further fixing agents or chemical fixing methods.
  • a physical method e.g. the application or impressions of the particles are used in the surface.
  • the person skilled in the art easily recognizes other suitable physical methods for fixing particles to the surface, for example the sintering together of particles with one another or of the particles on a pulverulent carrier material.
  • particles which have hydrophobic properties and / or by treatment with at least one compound from the group of alkylsilanes, alkyldisilazanes, paraffins, waxes, fluoroalkylsilanes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or perfluoroalkylsilanes have hydrophobic properties.
  • the hydrophobization of particles is generally known and can be read, for example, in the series Pigments, number 18, the Degussa AG.
  • the particles of the treated surface are treated by treatment with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkylsilanes, e.g. can be obtained from the Sivento GmbH, alkyldisilazanes, paraffins, waxes, fluoroalkylsilanes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or perfluoroalkylsilanes, be equipped with hydrophobic properties.
  • the treatment is carried out by subjecting the particle-bearing surface to be hydrophobicized to a solution containing a hydrophobing reagent, such as e.g.
  • Alkylsilane has, is dipped, excess hydrophobing reagent is drained and the surface is annealed at the highest possible temperature.
  • the treatment can also be done by spraying the self-cleaning surface with a medium having a hydrophobizing reagent and subsequent heat treatment.
  • Such a treatment is e.g. for the treatment of steel beams or other heavy or bulky objects.
  • the maximum applicable temperature is limited by the softening temperatures of the carrier or substrate.
  • the process according to at least one of claims 9 to 16 can be used excellently for producing self-cleaning surfaces on planar or non-planar objects, in particular on non-planar objects. This is only possible to a limited extent with the conventional methods. In particular, by methods in which prefabricated films are applied to a surface or in processes in which a structure is to be created by embossing, non-planar objects, such as sculptures, are not or only partially accessible. Naturally, the inventive method but also for the production of self-cleaning surfaces on objects with planar surfaces such as greenhouses or public transport.
  • the application of the method according to the invention for the production of self-cleaning surfaces on greenhouses has advantages, since with the method self-cleaning surfaces can be made, for example, on transparent materials such as glass or Plexiglas ® and the self-cleaning surface can be formed at least as far transparent that for the Growth of the plants in the greenhouse can penetrate enough sunlight through the provided with a self-cleaning surface transparent surface.
  • self-cleaning surfaces can be made, for example, on transparent materials such as glass or Plexiglas ® and the self-cleaning surface can be formed at least as far transparent that for the Growth of the plants in the greenhouse can penetrate enough sunlight through the provided with a self-cleaning surface transparent surface.
  • conventional greenhouses which regularly have to be cleaned, inter alia, of foliage, dust, lime and biological material, such as algae
  • greenhouses having a surface according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 8 with longer Cleaning intervals are operated.
  • the method of the invention may also be used to make self-cleaning surfaces on non-rigid surfaces of articles, such as screens or other surfaces which are kept flexible.
  • the method according to the invention can be used according to at least one of claims 9 to 16, for the production of self-cleaning surfaces on flexible or inflexible walls in the sanitary area.
  • Such walls may be, for example, partitions in public toilets, walls of shower cubicles, swimming pools or saunas, but also shower curtains (flexible wall).
  • the particles have elevations and / or depressions with an average height of 20 to 500 nm, preferably from 20 to 200 nm.
  • the spacing of the elevations and / or depressions on the particle is less than 500 nm, preferably less than 200 nm.
  • the particles according to the invention can be made, for example, of at least one material selected from silicates, doped silicates, minerals, metal oxides, pyrogenic or precipitated silicas, polymers and metal powders.
  • the particles may be particles in the sense of DIN 53 206.
  • Particles or particles in accordance with this standard can be individual particles but also aggregates or agglomerates, where according to DIN 53 206, aggregates are surface or edge-shaped primary particles (particles) and agglomerates are point-like primary particles (particles).
  • Particles used are those which aggregate from primary particles to form agglomerates or aggregates.
  • the structure of such particles may be spherical, strictly spherical, moderately aggregated, nearly spherical, extremely agglomerated or porous agglomerated.
  • the size of the agglomerates or aggregates is between 20 nm and 100 microns, preferably between 0.2 and 30 microns.
  • Example 1 The experiment of Example 1 was repeated, wherein particles of aluminum oxide C (Degussa AG), an aluminum oxide having a BET surface area of 100 m 2 / g, were sprayed electrostatically. After curing of the support according to Example 1 and scrubbing of excess particles, the cured, brushed plate for hydrophobing in a formulation of Tridecafluoroctyltriethoxysilane in ethanol (Dynasilan 8262, Sivento GmbH) was immersed. After draining off excess Dynasilan 8262, the plate was annealed at a temperature of 80 ° C. The surface is rated ++, ie the shape of the water droplets is not ideal, the rolling angle is below 20 °.
  • Aluminum oxide C Degussa AG
  • BET surface area 100 m 2 / g
  • Silica acid Sipernat 350 from Degussa AG is sprinkled onto the support-treated plate from Example 1. After a penetration time of 5 minutes, the treated plate is cured under nitrogen in UV light at 308 nm. Excess particles are brushed off again and the plate is then immersed again in Dynasilan 8262 and then annealed at 80 ° C. The surface is classified as +++.
  • Example 1 The experiment of Example 1 is repeated, but instead of Aerosil VPR 411 Aerosil R 8200 (Degussa AG), which uses a BET surface area of 200 ⁇ 25 m 2 / g.
  • the assessment of the surface is +++.
  • the roll angle has been determined to be 1.3 °.
  • progression and retraction angles were measured, each of which exceeded 150 °.
  • the associated hysteresis is below 10 °.
  • Aerosil VPR 411 was brushed off.
  • the characterization of the surface was initially visual and is logged with +++. +++ means, water droplets are almost completely formed.
  • the rolling angle was 0.5 °. Progressive and retreatment angles greater than 150 ° each were measured. The associated hysteresis is below 10 °.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Surface autonettoyante, qui présente une structure superficielle artificielle, au moins partiellement hydrophobe, constituée de surélévations et de renfoncements, les surélévations et les renfoncements étant formés par des particules fixées sur la surface, caractérisée en ce que les particules présentent une structure fendillée, avec des surélévations et/ou des renfoncements dans le domaine nanométrique, qui en moyenne ont une hauteur de 20 nm à 500 nm, l'écart entre les surélévations ou les renfoncements sur les particules étant inférieur à 500 nm, et les particules s'associant, à partir de particules primaires, en agglomérats ou agrégats, dont la grosseur est comprise entre 20 nm et 100 µm.
  2. Surface autonettoyante selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les particules comprennent des silices pyrogènes ou des silices précipitées.
  3. Surface autonettoyante selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les particules ont des propriétés hydrophobes.
  4. Surface autonettoyante selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les particules individuelles situées sur la surface présentent des écarts de 2 à 3 diamètres de particules.
  5. Surface autonettoyante selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les surélévations et/ou renfoncements présentent en moyenne une hauteur de 20 à 200 nm.
  6. Surface autonettoyante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'écart entre les surélévations ou les renfoncements, situées sur les particules, est inférieur à 200 nm.
  7. Procédé de fabrication de surfaces autonettoyantes, dans lequel une structure superficielle appropriée, au moins partiellement hydrophobe, est réalisée par fixation de particules sur une surface à l'aide d'un support, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des particules qui présentent une structure fendillée avec des surélévations et/ou des renfoncements dans le domaine nanométrique, dont les surélévations et/ou les renfoncements présentent en moyenne une hauteur de 20 à 500 nm, l'écart entre les surélévations ou les renfoncements, situées sur les particules, étant inférieur à 500 nm, les particules s'associant, à partir de particules primaires, pour former des agglomérats ou des agrégats dont la grosseur est comprise entre 20 nm et 100 µm.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des particules qui comportent au moins un matériau choisi parmi les silices pyrogènes ou les silices précipitées.
  9. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules sont fixées sur la surface par des méthodes chimiques ou physiques.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la fixation des particules est réalisée par voie chimique par utilisation d'un agent de fixation, ou par voie physique par enfoncement des particules dans la surface, ou par frittage des particules les unes aux autres, ou encore des particules à un matériau support en poudre fine.
  11. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des particules qui présentent des propriétés hydrophobes.
  12. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des particules qui présentent des propriétés hydrophobes grâce à un traitement effectué avec au moins un composé de l'ensemble comprenant les alkylsilanes, les perfluoralkylsilanes, les alkyldisilazanes, les fluoralkylsilanes, les disalazanes, les cires, les paraffines, les esters d'acides gras ou les dérivés fonctionnalisés d'alcanes à longue chaîne.
  13. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les particules, après fixation sur la surface, se voient conférer des propriétés hydrophobes.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les particules se voient conférer des propriétés hydrophobes grâce à un traitement effectué avec au moins un composé de l'ensemble comprenant les alkylsilanes, les perfluoralkylsilanes, les alkyldisilazanes, les fluoralkylsilanes, les cires, les paraffines, les esters d'acides gras ou les dérivés fonctionnalisés d'alcanes à longue chaîne ou les dérivés de fluoralcanes.
  15. Utilisation du procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 à 14 pour fabriquer des surfaces autonettoyantes sur des objets plans ou non plans.
  16. Utilisation du procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 7 à 15 pour fabriquer des surfaces autonettoyantes sur des surfaces non rigides d'objets.
EP02004703A 2001-04-12 2002-03-01 Surface auto-nettoyante avec une structure hydrophobe et procédé pour sa réalisation Revoked EP1249281B1 (fr)

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EP1249281A2 (fr) 2002-10-16
DE50210148D1 (de) 2007-06-28
DK1249281T3 (da) 2007-09-10
EP1249281A3 (fr) 2003-01-02
DE10118345A1 (de) 2002-10-17
JP4102583B2 (ja) 2008-06-18
JP2002346470A (ja) 2002-12-03
US6811856B2 (en) 2004-11-02
US20020150726A1 (en) 2002-10-17
CA2381747C (fr) 2012-01-24
ATE362404T1 (de) 2007-06-15
ES2286169T3 (es) 2007-12-01
CA2381747A1 (fr) 2002-10-12

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