EP1246511B1 - Circuit de commande pour une matrice de LED - Google Patents

Circuit de commande pour une matrice de LED Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1246511B1
EP1246511B1 EP02002468A EP02002468A EP1246511B1 EP 1246511 B1 EP1246511 B1 EP 1246511B1 EP 02002468 A EP02002468 A EP 02002468A EP 02002468 A EP02002468 A EP 02002468A EP 1246511 B1 EP1246511 B1 EP 1246511B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
led
drive circuit
led cluster
circuit according
signal
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02002468A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1246511A1 (fr
Inventor
Alois Biebl
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/58—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving end of life detection of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control circuit for an LED array, which comprises a first LED strand and at least a second LED strand, whereby a switch is arranged in series with each LED string and each LED strand has a supply connection via which it is connected to a supply voltage can be connected, each switch being controllable in this way is that a current flow in the associated LED string is made possible with a control circuit that is designed, the switch of the first LED string to be controlled such that a constant mean value of the first LED strand flowing current is achieved, the control loop for control at least one switch of a second LED string is designed.
  • a method for operating an LED array the first LED strand and comprises at least a second LED strand, wherein A switch is arranged in series with each LED strand and each LED strand has a supply connection via which it is connected to a supply voltage is connectable.
  • the invention is concerned with the control of LEDs.
  • series resistors or current sources are used to carry the current limit or regulate with the LED.
  • the LEDs are usually in one String interconnected, that is, a string comprises a series connection several LEDs. Depending on the size of the one to be illuminated or backlit Several LED strings must be connected in parallel, so can be combined into an array. This is basically the case here Problem that a status connection of the control circuit is corresponding Display should deliver as soon as one or more LED strands an error has occurred.
  • a first solution to this problem known from the prior art from ST Microelectronics AG is that the entire LED array is connected to a single LED string. adversely of this solution is that such an LED strand has a much higher Supply voltage required to the LED string voltage, that is, the Sum of all LED forward voltages. As soon as an error occurs the entire LED array is de-energized, which means it is no longer lit.
  • a second solution known from the prior art from Infineon Technologies AG consists of the fact that every single LED string is from one own LED driver module is regulated and monitored. Because an LED array Usually consists of several LED strings, this invention goes with the disadvantage that several LED driver modules are required for this are. All LED driver modules are on a single status connection interconnected so that it cannot be determined exactly how many LED strands have failed. The use of several LED driver modules is undesirable as this is disadvantageous in cost reflected.
  • a series circuit comprising a plurality of LEDs, D1 to D4, is connected on the one hand to a supply voltage U Batt via a switch S1, and on the other hand to ground via a measuring resistor R Shunt .
  • the voltage U Shunt dropping across the resistor is fed to an integrator 10, which provides at its output a mean value of the voltage present at the input.
  • This voltage is fed to a regulator 12, which also receives as input signal a reference voltage U Ref , which corresponds to an average target value of the current I Led through the LEDs, D1 to D4.
  • the control voltage U Regel provided at its output by the regulator 12 is applied to the positive input of a comparator 14, a triangular voltage U D being applied to its negative input, which is provided by a delta generator 16.
  • the output signal of the comparator 14 is used to control the switch S1.
  • the signal which drives the switch S1 is a clocked signal, which can be recognized by the rectangular function of the LED current I LED . This arrangement ensures that the current I LED flowing through the LEDs is regulated to a value correlated with the voltage U Ref .
  • FIG. 2 three such circuits, shown in FIG. 1, with clocked current regulation are shown schematically and by way of example in the right half, namely the blocks 18, 20, 22.
  • the supply voltage, the individual LEDs and the resistors R shunt are omitted for reasons of clarity , If each of the blocks 18, 20, 22 comprises an LED strand, an LED array can be realized by such an interconnection.
  • a triangle generator 24 applies a clock signal 26 to a counter 28 which acts on a multiplexer 30. As a result of the clock signal, the multiplexer 30 is caused to scan the control voltages of the three blocks 18, 20, 22 one after the other and to supply an error detection logic with a comparator 32 and a flip-flop 34.
  • the comparator 32 As soon as one of the control voltages U Rule 1 , U Rule 2 , U Rule 3 is less than a predetermined threshold value voltage, etc., the comparator 32 generates a signal to the flip-flop 34, so that a signal is generated at the Q output of the flip-flop 34, which is an error in one of the LED strings of blocks 18 to 22.
  • the blocks 18 to 22 were mentioned here, it being understood that further blocks, as indicated by the dash-dotted line, can of course be part of the same LED array.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore that of the beginning to further develop the mentioned control circuit for an LED array such that at Cost-effective implementation of continued operation of the LED array ensured provided the total luminance of the LED array is above a predeterminable Value.
  • This implementation has the advantage that the entire LED array despite failure individual LED strings can be operated that the error detection logic can be kept very simple, in particular provided only once must be, and finally that the LED array with any number LED strings are monitored by the fault detection device can.
  • the only limiting factor is the driver for generating the control signal for the switch of each LED string.
  • the target size is one User adjustable. This measure allows a user to determine how many LED strings may fail before the error signal is generated and thus signals a failure to the user. Furthermore is preferably to design the comparison unit in such a way that it falls short an information signal is output from the target variable by the actual variable. This information signal can then also be used, for example be informing a user to switch to another array, Etc.
  • control circuit preferably comprises one Monitoring unit with which the current flows through the first LED strand can be monitored.
  • This is particularly advantageous because the control also the slave strands with regard to the so-called master strand he follows.
  • the current flow through the master strand serves as an input signal of the control loop, which also controls the slave lines.
  • the master strand would therefore run the risk that all of them Slave lines would be destroyed by incorrect control.
  • a replacement control loop for example one for a slave line provided control loop are switched, so that then this slave line becomes the master strand.
  • the monitoring unit is therefore preferably designed so that when detected a current flow in the LED string outside of a predetermined Tolerance range, for example with no current flow, the control loop is switched off.
  • the control circuit preferably further comprises an undervoltage detection device, which is designed to emit an undervoltage warning signal, if the supply voltage drops below a predeterminable value. If the supply voltage of the circuit, for example in the automobile the on-board voltage, to the string voltage of the LEDs, i.e. the sum of all LED forward voltages, can do so uncontrolled processes occur. In particular, the specified one Target size to be modified inadvertently, so that the comparison unit incorrectly outputs an information signal. Prefers this is achieved in that the supply voltage with a reference voltage is compared, which is preferably equal to or greater than the sum of the forward voltages through all LEDs of a string. As long as the The supply voltage is greater than the reference voltage Output of an undervoltage warning signal. This measure enables that the control circuit for non-critical drops in the supply voltage can stay active.
  • the control circuit is preferably designed such that it can also be predetermined
  • the value can be set manually or predefined.
  • control circuit comprises further an output unit to which the information signal and / or the undervoltage warning signal can be transmitted. This opens the Possibility that the output unit when receiving the information signal this forwards only, for example to a user as an error signal Provides if no undervoltage warning signal has been transmitted.
  • the output unit is therefore preferably designed so that it is Receive the undervoltage warning signal even for a predetermined time or deactivated for the duration of receipt of the undervoltage warning signal, so that during a period during which the supply voltage has dropped below a critical value, none of the output unit wrong results are produced.
  • the output unit preferably has at least one transistor which is in the open collector circuit and its basis for transmission of the information signal with the comparison unit and / or for transmission the undervoltage warning signal with the undervoltage detection device connected is.
  • An open collector circuit has the advantage that at Occurrence of the information signal and / or the undervoltage detection signal the collector of the transistor is pulled to ground. In this manner and way the signal applied to the collector can easily be sent to anyone Realizations of an error evaluation circuit can be adapted. For example this opens up the possibility of other output units that also implemented in open collector circuit, via the respective collectors connect with each other. As soon as a collector is pulled to ground, that means that there is a signal at the base of the respective transistor which Switching transistor to the conductive state is one for all output units joint display can be activated.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the control circuit furthermore a switch-on time delay device, which is designed to output the dispensing unit for a predetermined time after the Deactivate switching on of the control circuit.
  • a switch-on time delay device has an advantageous effect against uncontrolled switching operations, that are related to switching on, especially within the Control loop.
  • the output unit can comprise a flip-flop, the base of the transistor with the output of the flip-flop and the set input of the flip-flop with the undervoltage detection device for transmitting the undervoltage warning signal and / or with the comparison unit for transmitting the Information signal can be connected.
  • a flip-flop By using a flip-flop a sporadic error signal, for example in the event of contact problems, prevented. This means that once an error signal has been set, it remains as long received as long as the control circuit is switched on or is activated.
  • the switch-on time delay device is designed for the duration of the switch-on delay a switch-on delay signal to the reset input of the flip-flop of the output unit. That way it is very easily possible to also use the flip-flop to output an Error signal via the output unit for a predetermined period of time after switching on the control circuit.
  • the control circuit according to the invention is not only based on the clocked Operation of the LED control is limited, but is also suitable for DC operation of LEDs.
  • the actual size is one Average of the sum of the currents through at least two, in particular determined by all second LED strands to compare against the target size to become.
  • a method for operating a LED arrays that have a first LED strand and at least a second LED strand comprises, with a switch arranged in series with each LED strand and each LED string has a supply connection, via which it can be connected to a supply voltage.
  • the switch of the first LED string is controlled with a control signal, so that a constant mean value of the one flowing through the first LED strand Current is achieved, with at least a second LED strand with the same control signal is driven.
  • the sum is the actual size the currents through at least two, in particular through all second LED strands measured, after which the actual size with a specifiable Target size is compared.
  • a first LED strand 40 with two LEDs D1, D2 is designated as the master strand.
  • Several second LED strands 42, 44 with LEDs D3, D4, D5, D6 are referred to as slave strands.
  • a plurality of LEDs can of course be arranged. This is essentially limited by whether the battery voltage U Batt used for the supply is sufficient to apply the sum of the LED forward voltages.
  • the current flow through the master strand 40 is detected by means of a resistor R shunt , the voltage U shunt dropping across the resistor R shunt being supplied to an LED control circuit 46.
  • the latter supplies the control clock CLK for the switch S1 of the master line 40, as well as for the switches S2, S3 of the slave lines 42 and 44.
  • the total current through the slave lines is determined via a resistor R Mess , the value at the resistor R Measuring falling voltage U Mess of the diagnostic unit 50 is supplied.
  • the latter also receives the battery voltage U Batt and a signal 48 from the LED control unit 46.
  • the diagnostic unit 50 in turn supplies a signal 58 to the LED control unit 46.
  • the signals 48 and 58 are described in more detail below, as is the structure of the diagnostic unit 50.
  • the output signal of the diagnostic unit 50 is sent to the base of a status transistor ST1 in the open collector Circuit laid. Information about the status of the LED array is provided at the collector of transistor ST1.
  • Figure 4b shows the temporal profile of the voltage drop across the resistance R measured voltage U measured.
  • a user-defined voltage U OL is also entered , which specifies a setpoint against which U Mess is compared.
  • the failure of a first slave line that occurs at time t1 has no influence, since the voltage U Mess is greater than U OL even after this failure. Only when a second slave line fails at time t2 does U Mess fall below voltage U OL , which leads to the generation of an information signal 47, see FIG. 4a.
  • the status signal at the collector of the status transistor ST1 only goes from high to low when the second slave line fails at the time t2, that is to say at the time at which U Mess falls below U OL .
  • FIG. 5 shows the LED control unit 46 and the diagnostic unit 50 from FIG. 3 in more detail.
  • a triangle generator 52 a triangle signal U D returns to the negative input of a comparator 54.
  • a control unit 56 receives as an input variable, the drop across the resistor R shunt voltage U shunt, as well as a reference voltage U ref with which the average value of the current I LED through the LEDs of the Master strand 40 is set. Since in the present case the switch S1 is designed as a PNP transistor and the triangular voltage U D is fed to the comparator 54 at its negative input, the controller 56 generates a at its output in the event that the current LED through the master strand is too low smaller control voltage U rule.
  • FIG. 6 shows an overview in a schematic representation in addition to the safety measures already mentioned, which can be implemented in the control circuit according to the invention.
  • the diagnostic unit 50 is divided into a block 50a, a block 50b and a block 50c.
  • the drop across the resistance R measured voltage U measured is integrated in an integrator 60, that is, the average value, and the output signal of the integrator 60 supplied to a comparator 62nd
  • the comparator 62 receives the voltage U OL, obtained by a voltage divider comprising resistors R1 and R OL from the voltage U ref at its other input.
  • the comparator 62 provides the signal 78 at its output.
  • Block 64 is used for undervoltage detection. As soon as the supply voltage U Batt of the circuit comes close to the string voltage of the LEDs, that is to say the sum of all LED forward voltages, uncontrolled processes can occur during error diagnosis. For this purpose, the supply voltage U Batt is compared in a comparator 66 against a reference voltage U Ref1 .
  • the voltage U Ref1 that is to say the undervoltage limit , can be determined by a voltage divider, which is preferably located completely outside the undervoltage detection unit 64. Alternatively, the voltage divider can be implemented in that a resistor is in the circuit and an adjustable resistor is external. The voltage U Ref1 can then be set by a user via the external resistor.
  • the undervoltage detection unit provides a signal 76 at its output.
  • the control voltage U Regel is fed to the block 50b and compared in a comparator 68 against a reference voltage U Ref2 . If the voltage rule is lower than the voltage U Ref2 , the comparator 68 supplies a signal to a flip-flop 70, the output signal 72 of which can be used to switch off the entire control circuit to prevent the LEDs in the slave lines from being destroyed, or a master switchover trigger in which a slave line is made the master line.
  • Block 50b also receives signal 76 from undervoltage detection unit 64 in order to prevent erroneous generation of output signal 72 in the event that supply voltage U Batt has dropped too far. This is because the reference voltage U Ref2 is often obtained from the supply voltage U Batt , and if an undervoltage occurs, a comparison with the voltage U Regel could lead to incorrect results.
  • Signal 76 like the output signal 78 of block 50a and the output signal 80 of the switch-on delay circuit 74, is fed to block 50c, which drives the status transistor ST1.
  • block 50c it is ensured that a signal to the status transistor is only generated if the control circuit is not in a predetermined period after switching on, if there is no undervoltage and at the same time the voltage U Mess is less than U OL .
  • the block 50c comprises a flip-flop 88, the signal 76 and the signal 80 "-linked" being applied to the reset input R of the flip-flop 88, while the signal 78 is applied to the set input S of the flip-flop 88.
  • the use of the flip-flop 88 prevents a sporadic error signal in the event of contact problems. In the present case, an error signal that has been set remains as long as the control circuit is switched on.
  • An enable input (not shown) can be provided to reset a set error signal.

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Circuit de commande pour une matrice de LED qui comprend au moins une première rangée de LED (40) et au moins une deuxième rangée de LED (42 ; 44), un interrupteur (S1, S2, S3) étant branché en série avec chaque rangée de LED (40, 42, 44) et chaque rangée de LED (40, 42, 44) comportant une borne d'alimentation par l'intermédiaire de laquelle il peut lui être appliquée une tension d'alimentation (UBatt), chaque interrupteur (S1, S2, S3) étant commandable de telle sorte qu'un flux de courant est permis dans la rangée de LED associée,
       avec un circuit régulateur (46) qui est conçu de manière à commander l'interrupteur (S1) de la première rangée de LED (40) de telle sorte qu'une valeur moyenne constante du courant (ILED) passant par la première rangée de LED (40) est obtenue, le circuit régulateur (46) étant conçu pour la commande au moins d'un interrupteur (S2, S3) d'une deuxième rangée de LED (42, 44),
       caractérisé par le fait que le circuit de commande comprend aussi :
    un dispositif détecteur de courant total (RMess) avec lequel peut être déterminée une grandeur réelle (UMess) qui correspond à la somme des courants à travers au moins deux des deuxièmes rangées de LED, notamment à travers toutes les deuxièmes rangées de LED (42, 44), et
    une unité de comparaison (50, 50a) dans laquelle la grandeur réelle (UMess) peut être comparée à une grandeur de consigne (UOL) pouvant être prescrite.
  2. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la grandeur de consigne (UOL) est réglable par un utilisateur.
  3. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de comparaison (50, 50a) est conçue pour délivrer un signal d'information (78) si la grandeur réelle (UMess) devient inférieure à la grandeur de consigne (UOL).
  4. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend une unité de surveillance (50, 50b) avec laquelle le flux de courant à travers la première rangée de LED (40) peut être surveillé.
  5. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de surveillance (50, 50b) est conçue de telle sorte que le circuit régulateur (46) est coupé s'il est constaté dans la première rangée de LED (40) un flux de courant en dehors d'une plage de tolérance pouvant être prescrite.
  6. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de surveillance (50, 50b) est conçue de telle sorte que, s'il est constaté dans la première rangée de LED (40) un flux de courant en dehors d'une plage de tolérance pouvant être prescrite, la première rangée de LED (40) est coupée et une deuxième rangée de LED (42, 44) devient première rangée de LED.
  7. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un dispositif détecteur de sous-tension (64) qui est conçu pour délivrer un signal d'avertissement de sous-tension (76) si la tension d'alimentation (UBatt) chute au-dessous d'une valeur (URef1) pouvant être prescrite.
  8. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la valeur (URef1) pouvant être prescrite est supérieure ou égale à la somme des tensions de flux de toutes les LED d'une rangée de LED (40, 42, 44).
  9. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que la valeur (URef1) pouvant être prescrite peut être réglée à la main ou peut être préalablement fixée.
  10. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend aussi une unité de sortie (50, 50c, ST1) à laquelle le signal d'information (78) et/ou le signal d'avertissement de sous-tension (76) peuvent être transmis.
  11. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de sortie (50, 50c, ST1) comprend au moins un transistor (ST1) qui se trouve dans un montage à collecteur ouvert et dont la base est reliée à l'unité de comparaison (50a) pour la transmission du signal d'information (78) et au dispositif détecteur de sous-tension (64) pour la transmission du signal d'avertissement de sous-tension (76).
  12. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend aussi un dispositif de retard au branchement (74) qui est conçu pour désactiver l'unité de sortie (50, 50c, ST1) pendant un temps prédéfini après le branchement du circuit de commande.
  13. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de sortie (50, 50c, ST1) comprend une bascule bistable (88), la base du transistor (ST1) étant reliée à la sortie de la bascule bistable (88) et l'entrée d'affectation (S) de la bascule bistable (88) étant reliée au dispositif détecteur de sous-tension (64) pour la transmission du signal d'avertissement de sous-tension (76) et/ou à l'unité de comparaison (50a) pour la transmission du signal d'information (78).
  14. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de retard au branchement (74) est conçu pour appliquer un signal de retard au branchement (80) à l'entrée de remise à l'état initial (R) de la bascule bistable (88) de l'unité de sortie (50, 50c, ST1) pendant la durée du retard au branchement.
  15. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la grandeur réelle (UMess) correspond à une valeur moyenne temporelle de la somme des courants à travers au moins deux des deuxièmes rangées de LED, notamment à travers toutes les deuxièmes rangées de LED (42, 44).
  16. Procédé pour exploiter une matrice de LED, qui comprend au moins une première rangée de LED (40) et au moins une deuxième rangée de LED (42, 44), un interrupteur (S1, S2, S3) étant branché en série avec chaque rangée de LED (40, 42, 44) et chaque rangée de LED (40, 42, 44) comportant une borne d'alimentation par l'intermédiaire de laquelle il peut lui être appliquée une tension d'alimentation (UBatt), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) commande de l'interrupteur (S1) de la première rangée de LED (40) avec un signal de commande (CLK) de manière à obtenir une valeur moyenne constante du courant (ILED) passant par la première rangée de LED (40) et commande au moins d'une deuxième rangée de LED (42, 44) avec le même signal de commande (CLK),
    b) mesure d'une grandeur réelle (UMess) qui correspond à la somme des courants à travers au moins deux des deuxièmes rangées de LED, notamment à travers toutes les deuxièmes rangées de LED (42, 44),
    c) comparaison de la grandeur réelle (UMess) avec une grandeur de consigne (UOL) pouvant être prescrite.
EP02002468A 2001-03-28 2002-02-01 Circuit de commande pour une matrice de LED Expired - Lifetime EP1246511B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10115388A DE10115388A1 (de) 2001-03-28 2001-03-28 Ansteuerschaltung für ein LED-Array
DE10115388 2001-03-28

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EP1246511A1 EP1246511A1 (fr) 2002-10-02
EP1246511B1 true EP1246511B1 (fr) 2004-08-04

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EP (1) EP1246511B1 (fr)
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US6864867B2 (en) 2005-03-08
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DE10115388A1 (de) 2002-10-10
US20020140380A1 (en) 2002-10-03

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