EP1220181A1 - Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel - Google Patents

Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1220181A1
EP1220181A1 EP00128758A EP00128758A EP1220181A1 EP 1220181 A1 EP1220181 A1 EP 1220181A1 EP 00128758 A EP00128758 A EP 00128758A EP 00128758 A EP00128758 A EP 00128758A EP 1220181 A1 EP1220181 A1 EP 1220181A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
vehicle
monitoring system
sensor
unit
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EP00128758A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1220181B1 (en
Inventor
Goddert Peters
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE50010935T priority Critical patent/DE50010935D1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP00128758A priority patent/EP1220181B1/en
Priority to AT00128758T priority patent/ATE301861T1/en
Priority to US10/451,935 priority patent/US6925377B2/en
Priority to JP2002555391A priority patent/JP3838975B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2001/015273 priority patent/WO2002054368A1/en
Publication of EP1220181A1 publication Critical patent/EP1220181A1/en
Priority to NO20033006A priority patent/NO20033006D0/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1220181B1 publication Critical patent/EP1220181B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
    • G08G1/08—Controlling traffic signals according to detected number or speed of vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Tunnel monitoring systems in vehicle tunnels are different Commonly known embodiments:
  • a tunnel monitoring system in which in the tunnel and fire detectors are installed along the length of the tunnel.
  • This System should be a possible fire in the tunnel, especially a burning one Vehicle can be determined and localized.
  • This system can also Control device, which automatically in the event of a detected fire Warning devices, traffic control devices or shut-off devices actuated.
  • Such a monitoring system is only for detection suitable for fire-related hazards.
  • Another well-known tunnel monitoring system is made up of several Surveillance cameras, which are installed at a distance in the course of the tunnel are built. This allows assigned tunnel sections be visually monitored by the events captured by a camera Screens shown in a tunnel monitoring control center and from one Supervisor can be evaluated. Such surveillance cameras are also known swivel mount, with a remote controlled Swiveling from the tunnel monitoring control center is possible.
  • Such a tunnel monitoring system with surveillance cameras is costly to buy and maintain. In particular, they are Camera lenses in case of dirt and smoke critical fire is restricted in its function.
  • a protective function depends essentially on the individual attention of a surveillance person from time to time quick detection of a dangerous situation with required quick reactions is not guaranteed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tunnel monitoring system to provide that with good function inexpensive to manufacture and low maintenance is operable as well as extensive and variable monitoring information provides with the possibility of an automatic evaluation.
  • the localization sensors are ultrasonic sensors executed, each with a radiation and reception area on the least a lane are directed such that when a Vehicle in the radiation and reception area of an ultrasonic sensor from a corresponding sensor signal together with a sensor detection signal can be delivered to the evaluation unit.
  • the evaluation unit includes a transit time measuring unit with which by means of a sensor signal the stay of a vehicle in a radiation and reception area of a a runtime measurement can be activated for certain ultrasonic sensors. through a subsequent sensor signal one in the direction of travel in the tunnel following ultrasonic sensor, in its radiation and reception area the moving vehicle stays later is the travel time between at least these two ultrasonic sensors can be detected.
  • For the runtime measurement can use ultrasound sensors immediately following one another for evaluation or even more distant ultrasonic sensors can be used. There the distances of the ultrasonic sensors used for the transit time measurement are predefined and known, can be in a downstream speed measuring unit, which essentially consists of a multiplier immediately determines a speed signal for a specific vehicle become.
  • Speed measurements are preferably given in the above Type carried out for all vehicles entering the tunnel, whereby a runtime measurement when driving through a vehicle first ultrasonic sensor started and after driving through the second assigned ultrasonic sensor is terminated.
  • the Measuring section for a following vehicle and for a new runtime measurement can be reactivated.
  • Such measurement sections can be made in the course of the tunnel be set up one after the other so that practically every vehicle can be determined at each tunnel location. Derived from this can be easily and quickly Information such as average speeds driven or vehicle densities can be determined.
  • This arrangement can advantageously be particularly slow in a simple manner moving or stationary vehicle determined very quickly and automatically are assigned by a threshold for the runtime between two Ultrasonic sensors is set in the evaluation unit. With additional Evaluation of a sensor detection signal assigned to the current ultrasonic sensor can thus automatically the location of a broken down or particularly slow-moving vehicle can be detected in the tunnel. Also a determined sensor signal that is present during a specified time If not changed, the evaluation unit indicates that something has been left behind Vehicle.
  • the radiation and reception areas along the length of the tunnel successive ultrasonic sensors on the vehicle detection areas adjoin each other and in the longitudinal direction in the direction of vehicle travel correspond to the usual vehicle lengths. This will make one complete detection and monitoring of a lane over the entire length of the tunnel possible. In addition, a certain ultrasonic sensor only one vehicle can be detected, so that double detections or omissions of vehicles practically impossible are. This makes the evaluation result particularly reliable and meaningful.
  • a tunnel monitoring system is from relative affordable and reliable components.
  • ultrasonic sensors relatively inexpensive, reliable and low maintenance Encoder units operating in harsh operating conditions, for example are also proven in maritime use.
  • Such ultrasonic sensors are advantageous largely insensitive to contamination and also deliver usable signals for localization in the event of fire during smoke development of vehicles.
  • the evaluation of the sensor signals is together with the respective sensor detection signals relatively easily possible.
  • the installation cost and operating costs are also relatively low.
  • the exact vehicle passes using each individual vehicle a tracking unit possible.
  • a vehicle enters the tunnel detected by a first ultrasonic sensor and the vehicle passage through the following ultrasonic sensors to the tunnel exit a forwarding and handover circuit recorded and controlled.
  • a tracking unit can determine a broken down vehicle be when there is a break in the transmission of an ultrasonic sensor area to the next ultrasonic sensor area from the evaluation unit is detected. Together with an assigned sensor detection signal the exact location can be determined.
  • the evaluation unit according to claim 4 can be a distance measuring unit comprise, wherein two sensor signals are evaluated, the successive Vehicles are assigned, which simply means a relative distance the vehicles can be determined.
  • the sensor signals of the ultrasonic sensors according to claim 5 also evaluated in their signal intensity. Because different vehicle types have different reflection intensities for ultrasound can be in a vehicle type recognition unit different vehicle types can be distinguished. In order to can, for example, be advantageously differentiated as to whether one is left behind Vehicle is a motorcycle, a passenger car or a truck, which may represent different potential dangers and also different ones Reactions required. Vehicle type recognition can also be used, for example be used for statistical purposes.
  • the evaluation unit can be simple a counting unit can be included with which a vehicle count can be made via the sensor signals is feasible.
  • the ultrasonic sensors are proposed to be arranged on the tunnel ceiling, with a number of functional connected ultrasonic sensors the lanes in one direction, preferably each assigned to a single lane and breakdown spaces are.
  • the lanes in one direction preferably each assigned to a single lane and breakdown spaces are.
  • the assignment provides a much more meaningful monitoring an ultrasonic sensor row for each individual lane in one direction.
  • the sensor distances can be up to approx. 10 m, whereby approx. 50 Ultrasound pulses are emitted and received every second.
  • the sensor signals especially if the intensity of the sensor signals is to be digitized for electronic evaluation in the usual way.
  • a / D converter already attach the ultrasonic sensors and the digitized signals over a to forward the serial bus system to the evaluation unit.
  • ultrasonic sensor a certain sensor signal comes from in a manner known per se requires a sensor detection signal together to send the measurement signal to the evaluation unit.
  • a two-wire system can be used, via which also the voltage supply of the ultrasonic sensors and the A / D converter is feasible. Only one voltage supply is particularly advantageous for this required in the low-voltage range, so that no further Can pose security risks for tunnel operation.
  • a signal transmission from the ultrasonic sensors to Evaluation device can be provided via radio. This will depend on the circumstances the installation effort can be further reduced and a flawless Signal transmission also in the event that possibly at a Fire cables could be destroyed.
  • the evaluation unit is proposed to connect a control unit with which depending on certain Evaluation results installed in front of or in the tunnel and / or warning actuators can be controlled automatically.
  • actuators can Traffic light systems, flashing systems, sirens, warning signs with controllable texts, or other known control and warning systems, as well as tunnel safety devices his. Also announcements in the tunnel or via radio stations can be triggered or initiated automatically.
  • the tunnel monitoring system according to the invention can be used advantageously in road and / or rail tunnels.
  • the simple construction is a simple and inexpensive retrofit in existing ones Tunnels as well as an addition or combination with existing monitoring facilities.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross section through a two-lane tunnel 1 for motor vehicles shown.
  • lane 2 on the right side of the tunnel cross-section a truck 3 is shown schematically and in the opposite lane 4 a passenger car 5.
  • each of the ultrasonic sensor units 7 comprises two ultrasonic sensors 9 and 10, each with its associated conical Beam and reception area 11, 12 side by side on the Lane 2 and opposite lane 4 are directed.
  • motor vehicles 3 passing the emission and reception areas 11, 12, 5 recorded.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the lane 2 and the opposite lane 3 from Fig. 1 shown with the vehicles 3 and 5.
  • the approximately conical Emission and reception areas 11, 12 result in the lanes 2 4 shows the approximately circular regions shown.
  • the arrangement of the Ultrasonic sensors 9, 10 can obviously be carried out in such a way that the radiation and Reception areas 11, 12 both according to the circles shown in the longitudinal direction as well as in the transverse direction approximately adjoin one another so that with regard to passing vehicles, complete detection in the lanes 2 and 4 is possible. If necessary, the radiation and reception areas successive ultrasonic sensors overlap slightly or be slightly spaced. What is important with the arrangements, that the distances are not so large that there is a space between them Vehicle finds space undetected or because of area overlap or, for large areas, only several vehicles in it could be detected as a vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 shows a functional diagram of the tunnel monitoring system with a schematic top view of the lanes 2 and 4.
  • Ten ultrasonic sensor units 7 1 to 7 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction, the tunnel being able to be continued.
  • a breakdown bay 13 is provided next to the lane 5, which is also monitored with ultrasonic sensors 7 5a , 7 5b and 7 5c .
  • the truck 3 is again in the lane 2 and a motor vehicle 14 has remained in the breakdown bay.
  • An evaluation unit 16 is installed in a tunnel monitoring control center 15, to which the ultrasonic sensor units 7 with their respective ultrasonic sensors 9, 10 are connected via a serial bus 17.
  • the evaluation unit is here is a process control system 18 which visualization and Documentation facilities includes.
  • Two controls are provided schematically and by way of example:
  • a control system concerns an entrance traffic light 19 at the tunnel entrance for example, in the case of a vehicle that has broken down in lane 2 or can be switched to "red" if a traffic congestion is detected.
  • a control of a notice board 20 drawn in the tunnel for example Information on traffic management is given in flashing illuminated letters can be.
  • the serial bus 17 communicates with the evaluation unit 16.
  • This evaluation unit 16 can each Depending on the desired function and depending on the degree of upgrade, several if necessary have integrated measuring and evaluation units. In particular, is about a localization unit corresponding to a localization of vehicles their position in a certain radiation and reception range feasible. Runtime measurements and thus speed measurements are via a timer using a speed measuring unit for determination of vehicle speeds possible.
  • the passage of one tracked certain vehicle through the tunnel by means of a tracking unit with a trace of the passage from the tunnel entrance to to the tunnel exit is completely possible.
  • the evaluation unit 16 is an example of a screen as an output unit 22 downstream as a visualization device, with which a monitoring person can visually understand what is going on in the tunnel. Also are other known units for documentation, such as Storage and printer possible.
  • the results of the evaluation unit 16 of a control unit 23 are also shown here supplied, with which automatically connected actuators for example Traffic management, warning, security, etc. can be controlled.
  • exemplary are here with a lamp 24 traffic lights and / or flashing lights and / or Illuminated letters indicated.
  • With a fan wheel 26 are intended to automate tunnel safety devices such as ventilation Extinguishing systems, shut-off devices, etc. may be included.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Tunnel monitoring system comprises ultrasonic sensors (7, 9, 10) arranged along the longitudinal path of a road lane (2, 4) so that vehicles (3, 5) pass through the beam transmission and receipt areas (11, 12). Corresponding sensor signals are output to an analysis unit where a speed measurement unit is provided with which the speed of each vehicle can be determined from its travel time between two sensors. <??>The monitoring system can be expanded to provide measurements of vehicle position, direction and density as well as enabling determination of vehicle types. Danger situations can be quickly detected and reactions to a current situation quickly implemented by control of traffic guidance and safety systems.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Tunnelüberwachungssystem in einem Fahrzeugtunnel nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel according to the preamble of claim 1.

Tunnelüberwachungssysteme in Fahrzeugtunnels sind in unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen allgemein bekannt:Tunnel monitoring systems in vehicle tunnels are different Commonly known embodiments:

Beispielsweise ist ein Tunnelüberwachungssystem bekannt, bei dem im Tunnel und Im Längsverlauf des Tunnels Brandmelder installiert sind. Mit diesem System soll ein möglicher Brand im Tunnel, insbesondere ein brennendes Fahrzeug ermittelt und lokalisiert werden. Dieses System kann zudem eine Steuereinrichtung umfassen, welche im Falle eines erkannten Brandes automatisch Warneinrichtungen, Verkehrsleiteinrichtungen oder Absperreinrichtungen betätigt. Ein solches Überwachungssystem ist ausschließlich zur Erkennung brandbedingter Gefahrenzustände geeignet.For example, a tunnel monitoring system is known in which in the tunnel and fire detectors are installed along the length of the tunnel. With this System should be a possible fire in the tunnel, especially a burning one Vehicle can be determined and localized. This system can also Control device, which automatically in the event of a detected fire Warning devices, traffic control devices or shut-off devices actuated. Such a monitoring system is only for detection suitable for fire-related hazards.

Ein weiteres allgemein bekanntes Tunnelüberwachungssystem ist aus mehreren Überwachungskameras, welche beabstandet im Verlauf des Tunnels installiert sind, aufgebaut. Damit können jeweils zugeordnete Tunnelabschnitte visuell überwacht werden, indem die von einer Kamera erfassten Vorgänge auf Bildschirmen in einer Tunnelüberwachungsleitstelle dargestellt und von einer Überwachungsperson ausgewertet werden. Es ist auch bekannt solche Überwachungskameras schwenkbar zu montieren, wobei eine ferngesteuerte Schwenkung von der Tunnelüberwachungsleitstelle aus möglich ist. Another well-known tunnel monitoring system is made up of several Surveillance cameras, which are installed at a distance in the course of the tunnel are built. This allows assigned tunnel sections be visually monitored by the events captured by a camera Screens shown in a tunnel monitoring control center and from one Supervisor can be evaluated. Such surveillance cameras are also known swivel mount, with a remote controlled Swiveling from the tunnel monitoring control center is possible.

Ein solches Tunnelüberwachungssystem mit Überwachungskameras ist kostenintensiv in der Anschaffung und in der Wartung. Insbesondere sind die Kameraobjektive bei Verschmutzungen und durch Rauchentwicklungen bei kritischen Brandfällen in ihrer Funktion eingeschränkt. Weiter sind systemimmanente automatische Erkennungen und Bewertungen von Gefahrenzuständen nicht oder nur beschränkt möglich, da von einer Überwachungskamera ein relativ großer Tunnelabschnitt mit ggf. einer Mehrzahl von Fahrzeugen erfasst wird und selbsttätige Bildauswertungen nur schwierig durchführbar sind. Somit obliegt eine Auswertung der Bildinformationen eines solchen Tunnelüberwachungssystems im wesentlichen einer Überwachungsperson in der Tunnelüberwachungsleitstelle hinsichtlich der Erkennung von Gefahrensituationen, einer Bewertung der Verkehrsdichte, von gefahrenen Geschwindigkeiten und eingehaltenen Abständen etc. Eine Schutzfunktion hängt somit wesentlich von der individuellen Aufmerksamkeit einer Überwachungsperson ab und eine schnelle Erkennung einer Gefahrensituation mit erforderlichen schnellen Reaktionen ist nicht sichergestellt.Such a tunnel monitoring system with surveillance cameras is costly to buy and maintain. In particular, they are Camera lenses in case of dirt and smoke critical fire is restricted in its function. Next are systemic automatic detection and evaluation of dangerous conditions not possible or only possible to a limited extent because of a surveillance camera relatively large tunnel section with possibly a plurality of vehicles and automatic image evaluations are difficult to carry out. Consequently is responsible for evaluating the image information of such a tunnel monitoring system essentially a surveillance person in the tunnel surveillance control center with regard to the detection of dangerous situations, an assessment of traffic density, speeds and maintained distances, etc. A protective function depends essentially on the individual attention of a surveillance person from time to time quick detection of a dangerous situation with required quick reactions is not guaranteed.

In den beiden vorstehend beschriebenen bekannten Tunnelüberwachungssystemen sind die Brandmelder und die Überwachungskameras in der Art von Lokalisierungssensoren für Fahrzeuge verwendbar mit denen Fahrzeuge in Normalbetrieb und/oder in Gefahrensituationen lokalisierbar sind, wobei jedoch die erläuterten Nachteile und Schwachstellen des Systems in Kauf zu nehmen sind.In the two known tunnel monitoring systems described above are the fire detectors and surveillance cameras in the manner of Localization sensors for vehicles can be used with those in vehicles Normal operation and / or can be localized in dangerous situations, however to accept the disadvantages and weaknesses of the system explained are.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es ein Tunnelüberwachungssystem zur Verfügung zu stellen, das bei guter Funktion kostengünstig herstellbar und wartungsarm betreibbar ist sowie umfangreiche und variable Überwachungsinformationen liefert mit der Möglichkeit einer selbsttätigen Auswertung.The object of the invention is to provide a tunnel monitoring system to provide that with good function inexpensive to manufacture and low maintenance is operable as well as extensive and variable monitoring information provides with the possibility of an automatic evaluation.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

Gemäß Anspruch 1 sind die Lokalisierungssensoren als Ultraschallsensoren ausgeführt, die jeweils mit einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich auf die wenigstens eine Fahrspur gerichtet sind, dergestalt, dass beim Aufenthalt eines Fahrzeugs im Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich eines Ultraschallsensors von diesem ein entsprechendes Sensorsignal zusammen mit einem Sensorerkennungssignal an die Auswerteeinheit abgebbar ist. Die Auswerteeinheit umfasst eine Laufzeitmesseinheit, mit der mittels eines Sensorsignals entsprechend dem Aufenthalt eines Fahrzeugs in einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich eines bestimmten Ultraschallsensors eine Laufzeitmessung aktivierbar ist. Mittels eines nachfolgenden Sensorsignals eines in Fahrtrichtung im Tunnel nachfolgenden Ultraschallsensors, in dessen Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich sich das fahrende Fahrzeug später aufhält ist die Fahrzeit zwischen wenigstens diesen zwei Ultraschallsensoren erfassbar. Für die Laufzeitmessung können zur Auswertung unmittelbar aufeinanderfolgende Ultraschallsensoren oder auch weiter beabstandete Ultraschallsensoren herangezogen werden. Da die Abstände der für die Laufzeitmessung herangezogenen Ultraschallsensoren fest vorgegeben und bekannt sind, kann in einer nachgeordneten Geschwindigkeitsmesseinheit, die im wesentlichen aus einem Multiplikator besteht sofort ein Geschwindigkeitssignal für ein bestimmtes Fahrzeug ermittelt werden.According to claim 1, the localization sensors are ultrasonic sensors executed, each with a radiation and reception area on the least a lane are directed such that when a Vehicle in the radiation and reception area of an ultrasonic sensor from a corresponding sensor signal together with a sensor detection signal can be delivered to the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit includes a transit time measuring unit with which by means of a sensor signal the stay of a vehicle in a radiation and reception area of a a runtime measurement can be activated for certain ultrasonic sensors. through a subsequent sensor signal one in the direction of travel in the tunnel following ultrasonic sensor, in its radiation and reception area the moving vehicle stays later is the travel time between at least these two ultrasonic sensors can be detected. For the runtime measurement can use ultrasound sensors immediately following one another for evaluation or even more distant ultrasonic sensors can be used. There the distances of the ultrasonic sensors used for the transit time measurement are predefined and known, can be in a downstream speed measuring unit, which essentially consists of a multiplier immediately determines a speed signal for a specific vehicle become.

Vorzugsweise werden Geschwindigkeitsmessungen in der vorstehend angegebenen Art für alle in den Tunnel einfahrenden Fahrzeuge durchgeführt, wobei durch jedes Fahrzeug eine Laufzeitmessung beim Durchfahren eines ersten Ultraschallsensors in Lauf gesetzt und nach dem Durchfahren des zweiten zugeordneten Ultraschallsensors beendet wird. In der Auswerteeinheit kann ein solches Geschwindigkeitssignal für jedes Fahrzeug sehr schnell erhalten und ggf. für weitere Auswertungen abgespeichert werden, wobei die Messstrecke für ein nachfolgendes Fahrzeug und für eine neue Laufzeitmessung wieder aktivierbar ist. Solche Messstrecken können im Verlauf des Tunnels jeweils nacheinander eingerichtet sein, so dass praktisch jedes Fahrzeug an jedem Tunnelort ermittelbar ist. Daraus können einfach und schnell abgeleitete Informationen, wie beispielsweise gefahrene Durchschnittsgeschwindigkeiten oder Fahrzeugdichten bestimmt werden.Speed measurements are preferably given in the above Type carried out for all vehicles entering the tunnel, whereby a runtime measurement when driving through a vehicle first ultrasonic sensor started and after driving through the second assigned ultrasonic sensor is terminated. In the evaluation unit can get such a speed signal for any vehicle very quickly and possibly saved for further evaluations, the Measuring section for a following vehicle and for a new runtime measurement can be reactivated. Such measurement sections can be made in the course of the tunnel be set up one after the other so that practically every vehicle can be determined at each tunnel location. Derived from this can be easily and quickly Information such as average speeds driven or vehicle densities can be determined.

Mit dieser Anordnung kann vorteilhaft auf einfache Weise ein besonders langsam fahrendes oder stehendes Fahrzeug sehr schnell und automatisch ermittelt werden, indem ein Schwellwert für die Laufzeit zwischen zwei zugeordnete Ultraschallsensoren in der Auswerteeinheit festgelegt wird. Bei zusätzlicher Auswertung eines dem aktuellen Ultraschallsensor zugeordneten Sensorerkennungssignals kann somit selbsttätig der Ort eines liegengebliebenen oder besonders langsam fahrenden Fahrzeugs im Tunnel detektiert werden. Auch ein ermitteltes Sensorsignal, welches sich während einer festgelegten Zeit nicht ändert ergibt in der Auswerteeinheit einen Hinweis auf ein liegengebliebenes Fahrzeug.This arrangement can advantageously be particularly slow in a simple manner moving or stationary vehicle determined very quickly and automatically are assigned by a threshold for the runtime between two Ultrasonic sensors is set in the evaluation unit. With additional Evaluation of a sensor detection signal assigned to the current ultrasonic sensor can thus automatically the location of a broken down or particularly slow-moving vehicle can be detected in the tunnel. Also a determined sensor signal that is present during a specified time If not changed, the evaluation unit indicates that something has been left behind Vehicle.

Für eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 2 wird vorgeschlagen dass die Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche im Längsverlauf des Tunnels aufeinander folgender Ultraschallsensoren an den Fahrzeugerfassungsbereichen aneinandergrenzen und in der Längserstreckung in Fahrzeugfahrtrichtung etwa üblichen Fahrzeuglängen entsprechen. Dadurch wird eine lückenlose Erfassung und Überwachung einer Fahrspur über die gesamte Tunnellänge möglich. Zudem kann in einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich eines bestimmten Ultraschallsensors nur ein Fahrzeug erfasst werden, so dass Doppelerfassungen oder Auslassungen von Fahrzeugen praktisch ausgeschlossen sind. Damit wird das Auswertungsergebnis besonders sicher und aussagefähig.For a particularly preferred embodiment according to claim 2, it is proposed that the radiation and reception areas along the length of the tunnel successive ultrasonic sensors on the vehicle detection areas adjoin each other and in the longitudinal direction in the direction of vehicle travel correspond to the usual vehicle lengths. This will make one complete detection and monitoring of a lane over the entire length of the tunnel possible. In addition, a certain ultrasonic sensor only one vehicle can be detected, so that double detections or omissions of vehicles practically impossible are. This makes the evaluation result particularly reliable and meaningful.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Tunnelüberwachungssystem, auch in der vorstehenden bevorzugten Ausführung für eine lückenlose Überwachung, ist aus relativ preisgünstigen und funktionssicheren Komponenten herstellbar. Insbesondere sind Ultraschallsensoren relativ preisgünstige, funktionssichere und wartungsarme Gebereinheiten, die unter rauen Betriebsbedingungen, beispielsweise auch im maritimen Einsatz bewährt sind. Vorteilhaft sind solche Ultraschallsensoren weitgehend unempfindlich gegen Verschmutzungen und liefern auch im Brandfall bei Rauchentwicklungen verwertbare Signale zur Lokalisierung von Fahrzeugen. Zudem ist die Auswertung der Sensorsignale zusammen mit den jeweiligen Sensorerkennungssignalen relativ einfach möglich. Die Installationskosten und Betriebskosten sind ebenfalls relativ gering.A tunnel monitoring system according to the invention, also in the above preferred embodiment for complete monitoring, is from relative affordable and reliable components. In particular are ultrasonic sensors relatively inexpensive, reliable and low maintenance Encoder units operating in harsh operating conditions, for example are also proven in maritime use. Such ultrasonic sensors are advantageous largely insensitive to contamination and also deliver usable signals for localization in the event of fire during smoke development of vehicles. In addition, the evaluation of the sensor signals is together with the respective sensor detection signals relatively easily possible. The installation cost and operating costs are also relatively low.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Tunnelüberwachungssystem sind gemäß Anspruch 3 in einer einfachen Ergänzung und Weiterbildung der Auswerteeinheit die genauen Fahrzeugdurchgänge anhand jedes einzelnen Fahrzeugs mittels einer Verfolgungseinheit möglich. Dazu wird ein Fahrzeug bei der Tunneleinfahrt durch einen ersten Ultraschallsensor erfasst und der Fahrzeugdurchgang durch die nachfolgenden Ultraschallsensoren bis zum Tunnelausgang durch eine Weitergabe- und Übergabeschaltung erfasst und kontrolliert. Auch mittels einer solchen Verfolgungseinheit kann ein liegengebliebenes Fahrzeug ermittelt werden, wenn eine Unterbrechung in der Weitergabe von einem Ultraschallsensorbereich auf den nächsten Ultraschallsensorbereich von der Auswerteeinheit festgestellt wird. Zusammen mit einem zugeordneten Sensorerkennungssignal kann dabei der genaue Ort festgestellt werden.With the tunnel monitoring system according to the invention are according to claim 3 in a simple addition and further development of the evaluation unit the exact vehicle passes using each individual vehicle a tracking unit possible. To do this, a vehicle enters the tunnel detected by a first ultrasonic sensor and the vehicle passage through the following ultrasonic sensors to the tunnel exit a forwarding and handover circuit recorded and controlled. Also by means of Such a tracking unit can determine a broken down vehicle be when there is a break in the transmission of an ultrasonic sensor area to the next ultrasonic sensor area from the evaluation unit is detected. Together with an assigned sensor detection signal the exact location can be determined.

Weiter kann die Auswerteeinheit gemäß Anspruch 4 eine Abstandsmesseinheit umfassen, wobei zwei Sensorsignale ausgewertet werden, die aufeinanderfolgenden Fahrzeugen zugeordnet sind, wodurch einfach ein Relativabstand der Fahrzeuge ermittelbar ist.Furthermore, the evaluation unit according to claim 4 can be a distance measuring unit comprise, wherein two sensor signals are evaluated, the successive Vehicles are assigned, which simply means a relative distance the vehicles can be determined.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die Sensorsignale der Ultraschallsensoren gemäß Anspruch 5 auch in ihrer Signalintensität ausgewertet. Da unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen unterschiedliche Reflexionsintensitäten für Ultraschall haben, können damit in einer Fahrzeugtyp-Erkennungseinheit unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen unterschieden werden. Damit kann beispielsweise vorteilhaft unterschieden werden ob ein liegengebliebenes Fahrzeug ein Motorrad, ein Personenkraftwagen oder ein Lastkraftwagen ist, was ggf. unterschiedliche Gefahrenpotentiale darstellt und auch unterschiedliche Reaktionen erfordert. Weiter kann beispielsweise die Fahrzeugtyp-Erkennung zu statistischen Zwecken genutzt werden.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sensor signals of the ultrasonic sensors according to claim 5 also evaluated in their signal intensity. Because different vehicle types have different reflection intensities for ultrasound can be in a vehicle type recognition unit different vehicle types can be distinguished. In order to can, for example, be advantageously differentiated as to whether one is left behind Vehicle is a motorcycle, a passenger car or a truck, which may represent different potential dangers and also different ones Reactions required. Vehicle type recognition can also be used, for example be used for statistical purposes.

In einer Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 6 kann in der Auswerteeinheit einfach eine Zähleinheit aufgenommen sein, mit der über die Sensorsignale eine Fahrzeugzählung durchführbar ist.In a development according to claim 6, the evaluation unit can be simple a counting unit can be included with which a vehicle count can be made via the sensor signals is feasible.

Die vorstehenden Auswertungen mit den angegebenen einzelnen Einheiten können in an sich bekannter Art und Weise kompakt in einer Auswerteelektronik integriert sein, die beim Vorsehen entsprechender Programmiermöglichkeiten einfach auf konkrete Einbaugegebenheiten anpassbar ist.The above evaluations with the specified individual units can be compact in evaluation electronics in a manner known per se be integrated when providing appropriate programming options is easily adaptable to specific installation conditions.

Mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 wird vorgeschlagen die Ultraschallsensoren an der Tunneldecke anzuordnen, wobei eine Reihe von funktionsmäßig verbundenen Ultraschallsensoren den Fahrspuren in einer Fahrtrichtung, vorzugsweise jeweils einer einzigen Fahrspur sowie Pannenplätzen zugeordnet sind. Für eine einfache Erkennungsfunktion von liegengebliebenen Fahrzeugen wäre es auch denkbar zwei Fahrspuren unterschiedlicher Fahrtrichtung mit nur einer darüber angebrachten Reihe von Ultraschallsensoren zu überwachen. Eine wesentlich aussagefähigere Überwachung ergibt jedoch die Zuordnung einer Ultraschallsensorreihe zu jeder einzelnen Fahrspur in einer Fahrtrichtung. Insbesondere ist damit auch eine Fahrtrichtungserkennung möglich, wodurch eventuelle Geisterfahrer sofort ermittelbar sind. Für eine optimale Anordnung können die Sensorabstände bis ca. 10 m betragen, wobei etwa 50 Ultraschallimpulse pro Sekunde abgestrahlt und empfangen werden.With the features of claim 7, the ultrasonic sensors are proposed to be arranged on the tunnel ceiling, with a number of functional connected ultrasonic sensors the lanes in one direction, preferably each assigned to a single lane and breakdown spaces are. For a simple detection function of broken down vehicles it would also be conceivable to have two lanes in different directions with only one row of ultrasonic sensors attached above. The assignment, however, provides a much more meaningful monitoring an ultrasonic sensor row for each individual lane in one direction. In particular, it is also possible to detect the direction of travel, whereby any ghost drivers can be identified immediately. For an optimal arrangement the sensor distances can be up to approx. 10 m, whereby approx. 50 Ultrasound pulses are emitted and received every second.

Die Sensorsignale, insbesondere wenn auch die Intensität der Sensorsignale bewertet wird sind für eine elektronische Auswertung in üblicher Weise zu digitalisieren. Nach Anspruch 8 ist es dabei zweckmäßig A/D-Wandler bereits an den Ultraschallsensoren anzubringen und die digitalisierten Signale über ein serielles Bussystem an die Auswerteeinheit weiterzuleiten. Zur Feststellung von welchem Ultraschallsensor ein bestimmtes Sensorsignal kommt ist es in an sich bekannter Weise erforderlich jeweils ein Sensorerkennungssignal zusammen mit den Messwertsignal an die Auswerteeinheit zu senden. Für eine einfache Installationstechnik kann dazu ein Zweileitersystem verwendet werden, über das auch die Spannungsversorgung der Ultraschallsensoren und der A/D-Wandler durchführbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist hierzu nur eine Spannungsversorgung im Niedervoltbereich erforderlich, so dass davon keine weiteren Sicherheitsrisiken für den Tunnelbetrieb ausgehen können. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann auch eine Signalübermittlung von den Ultraschallsensoren zur Auswerteeinrichtung über Funk vorgesehen sein. Damit wird je nach den Gegebenheiten der Installationsaufwand weiter verringerbar und eine einwandfreie Signalübertragung auch für den Fall, dass möglicherweise bei einem Brand Kabel zerstört werden könnten, sichergestellt.The sensor signals, especially if the intensity of the sensor signals is to be digitized for electronic evaluation in the usual way. According to claim 8, it is useful A / D converter already attach the ultrasonic sensors and the digitized signals over a to forward the serial bus system to the evaluation unit. To make a statement it is in which ultrasonic sensor a certain sensor signal comes from in a manner known per se requires a sensor detection signal together to send the measurement signal to the evaluation unit. For one simple installation technology, a two-wire system can be used, via which also the voltage supply of the ultrasonic sensors and the A / D converter is feasible. Only one voltage supply is particularly advantageous for this required in the low-voltage range, so that no further Can pose security risks for tunnel operation. Alternatively or In addition, a signal transmission from the ultrasonic sensors to Evaluation device can be provided via radio. This will depend on the circumstances the installation effort can be further reduced and a flawless Signal transmission also in the event that possibly at a Fire cables could be destroyed.

Da mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Tunnelüberwachungssystem Auswertungsergebnisse weitgehend automatisiert und ohne die Notwendigkeit einer subjektiven Bewertung durch eine Überwachungsperson zur Verfügung gestellt werden, bietet es sich gemäß Anspruch 9 an auch Reaktionen auf bestimmte Auswerteergebnisse zu automatisieren. Dazu wird vorgeschlagen der Auswerteeinheit eine Steuereinheit nachzuschalten, mit der in Abhängigkeit bestimmter Auswerteergebnisse vor oder im Tunnel angebrachte verkehrsleitende und/oder warnende Stelleinrichtungen selbsttätig ansteuerbar sind. Damit wird die Sicherheit wesentlich erhöht, da keine ggf. individuell bedingten Zeitverzögerungen in Kauf zu nehmen sind. Solche Stelleinrichtungen können Ampelanlagen, Blinkanlagen, Sirenen, Warntafeln mit steuerbaren Texten, oder andere an sich bekannte Leit- und Warnsysteme, sowie Tunnelsicherungseinrichtungen sein. Auch Durchsagen im Tunnel oder über Rundfunkstationen können selbsttätig ausgelöst oder veranlasst werden. Since evaluation results with the tunnel monitoring system according to the invention largely automated and without the need for a subjective Assessment provided by a supervisor, according to claim 9, it also offers reactions to certain ones Automate evaluation results. For this purpose, the evaluation unit is proposed to connect a control unit with which depending on certain Evaluation results installed in front of or in the tunnel and / or warning actuators can be controlled automatically. In order to security is significantly increased, since none may be individually related Time delays have to be accepted. Such actuators can Traffic light systems, flashing systems, sirens, warning signs with controllable texts, or other known control and warning systems, as well as tunnel safety devices his. Also announcements in the tunnel or via radio stations can be triggered or initiated automatically.

Nach Anspruch 10 kann das erfindungsgemäße Tunnelüberwachungssystem vorteilhaft in Straßen- und/oder Schienentunnels eingesetzt werden. Durch den einfachen Aufbau ist eine einfache und kostengünstige Nachrüstung in bestehenden Tunnels ebenso möglich wie eine Ergänzung oder Kombination mit bereits bestehenden Überwachungseinrichtungen.According to claim 10, the tunnel monitoring system according to the invention can be used advantageously in road and / or rail tunnels. By the simple construction is a simple and inexpensive retrofit in existing ones Tunnels as well as an addition or combination with existing monitoring facilities.

Anhand einer Zeichnung wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.

Es zeigen:Show it:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen TunnelFig. 1 shows a cross section through a tunnel
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Fahrbahn in einem TunnelFig. 2 is a plan view of a carriageway in a tunnel
  • Fig. 3 ein Funktionsschema einer Tunnelüberwachungseinrichtung und3 shows a functional diagram of a tunnel monitoring device and
  • Fig. 4 ein Schaltschema für die Tunneleinrichtung nach Fig. 34 shows a circuit diagram for the tunnel device according to FIG. 3

    • In Fig. 1 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen zweispurigen Tunnel 1 für Kraftfahrzeuge dargestellt. Auf der Fahrspur 2 auf der rechten Seite des Tunnelquerschnitts ist schematisch ein Lastkraftwagen 3 dargestellt und auf der Gegenfahrspur 4 ein Personenkraftwagen 5.In Fig. 1 is a cross section through a two-lane tunnel 1 for motor vehicles shown. In lane 2 on the right side of the tunnel cross-section a truck 3 is shown schematically and in the opposite lane 4 a passenger car 5.

    An der Tunneldecke 6, hier im mittleren Bereich, sind Ultraschallsensoren-Einheiten 7 angeordnet, die im Längsverlauf des Tunnels 1 in gleichen Sensorabständen 8 angeordnet sind. Jede der Ultraschallsensor-Einheiten 7 umfasst zwei Ultraschallsensoren 9 und 10, die mit ihrem jeweils zugeordneten kegelförmigen Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich 11, 12 nebeneinanderliegend auf die Fahrspur 2 und Gegenfahrspur 4 gerichtet sind. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich werden die Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche 11, 12 passierende Kraftfahrzeuge 3, 5 erfasst. At the tunnel ceiling 6, here in the middle area, there are ultrasonic sensor units 7 arranged in the longitudinal course of the tunnel 1 at the same sensor intervals 8 are arranged. Each of the ultrasonic sensor units 7 comprises two ultrasonic sensors 9 and 10, each with its associated conical Beam and reception area 11, 12 side by side on the Lane 2 and opposite lane 4 are directed. As can be seen from Fig. 1 motor vehicles 3 passing the emission and reception areas 11, 12, 5 recorded.

    In Fig. 2 ist eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Fahrspur 2 und Gegenfahrspur 3 aus Fig. 1 dargestellt mit den Fahrzeugen 3 und 5. Die etwa kegelförmigen Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche 11, 12 ergeben auf den Fahrspuren 2 und 4 die eingezeichneten etwa kreisförmigen Bereiche. Die Anordnung der Ultraschallsensoren 9, 10 ist ersichtlich so durchgeführt, dass die Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche 11, 12 entsprechend den eingezeichneten Kreisen sowohl in Längsrichtung als auch in Querrichtung etwa aneinandergrenzen, so dass bezüglich passierenden Fahrzeugen eine lückenlose Erfassung auf den Fahrspuren 2 und 4 möglich ist. Gegebenenfalls können die Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche aufeinanderfolgender Ultraschallsensoren geringfügig überlappen oder auch geringfügig beabstandet sein. Wesentlich ist bei den Anordnungen, dass die Abstände nicht so groß gewählt werden, dass dazwischen ein Fahrzeug unerkannt Platz findet oder dass aufgrund von Bereichsüberlappungen oder zu großen Bereichen mehrere darin befindliche Fahrzeuge ggf. nur als ein Fahrzeug dedektiert werden könnten.In Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the lane 2 and the opposite lane 3 from Fig. 1 shown with the vehicles 3 and 5. The approximately conical Emission and reception areas 11, 12 result in the lanes 2 4 shows the approximately circular regions shown. The arrangement of the Ultrasonic sensors 9, 10 can obviously be carried out in such a way that the radiation and Reception areas 11, 12 both according to the circles shown in the longitudinal direction as well as in the transverse direction approximately adjoin one another so that with regard to passing vehicles, complete detection in the lanes 2 and 4 is possible. If necessary, the radiation and reception areas successive ultrasonic sensors overlap slightly or be slightly spaced. What is important with the arrangements, that the distances are not so large that there is a space between them Vehicle finds space undetected or because of area overlap or, for large areas, only several vehicles in it could be detected as a vehicle.

    In Fig. 3 ist ein Funktionsschema des Tunnelüberwachungssystems dargestellt mit einer schematischen Draufsicht auf die Fahrspuren 2 und 4. In der Längserstreckung sind zehn Ultraschallsensor-Einheiten 71 bis 710 angeordnet, wobei der Tunnel weiter fortsetzbar ist. Im Bereich der Ultraschallsensor-Einheit 75 ist eine Pannenbucht 13 neben der Fahrspur 5 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls mit Ultraschallsensoren 75a, 75b und 75c überwacht wird. Auf der Fahrspur 2 befindet sich wieder der Lastkraftwagen 3 und in der Pannenbucht ist ein Kraftfahrzeug 14 liegengeblieben.FIG. 3 shows a functional diagram of the tunnel monitoring system with a schematic top view of the lanes 2 and 4. Ten ultrasonic sensor units 7 1 to 7 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction, the tunnel being able to be continued. In the area of the ultrasonic sensor unit 7 5 , a breakdown bay 13 is provided next to the lane 5, which is also monitored with ultrasonic sensors 7 5a , 7 5b and 7 5c . The truck 3 is again in the lane 2 and a motor vehicle 14 has remained in the breakdown bay.

    In einer Tunnelüberwachungsleitstelle 15 ist eine Auswerteeinheit 16 installiert, an die die Ultraschallsensoreinheiten 7 mit ihren jeweiligen Ultraschallsensoren 9, 10 über einen seriellen Bus 17 angeschlossen sind. Der Auswerteeinheit ist hier ein Prozessleitsystem 18 nachgeschaltet welches Visualisierungs- und Dokumentationseinrichtungen umfasst. Für eine weitere Verwertung der Auswerteergebnisse sind schematisch und beispielhaft zwei Steuerungen vorgesehen: Eine Steuerung betrifft eine Einfahrt-Ampel 19 am Tunneleingang, die beispielsweise bei einem liegengebliebenen Fahrzeug auf der Fahrspur 2 oder bei einer festgestellten Verkehrsüberlastung auf "rot" schaltbar ist. Weiter ist eine Ansteuerung einer Hinweistafel 20 im Tunnel eingezeichnet, mit der beispielsweise in blinkender Leuchtschrift verkehrsleitende Hinweise gegeben werden können.An evaluation unit 16 is installed in a tunnel monitoring control center 15, to which the ultrasonic sensor units 7 with their respective ultrasonic sensors 9, 10 are connected via a serial bus 17. The evaluation unit is here is a process control system 18 which visualization and Documentation facilities includes. For further utilization of the evaluation results Two controls are provided schematically and by way of example: A control system concerns an entrance traffic light 19 at the tunnel entrance for example, in the case of a vehicle that has broken down in lane 2 or can be switched to "red" if a traffic congestion is detected. Is further a control of a notice board 20 drawn in the tunnel, for example Information on traffic management is given in flashing illuminated letters can be.

    In Fig. 4 ist beispielhaft ein Schaltschema für das Tunnelüberwachungssystem dargestellt. Den einzelnen Ultraschallsensoren 9, 10 der Ultraschallsensor-Einheiten 7 ist jeweils ein Analog-Digital-Wandler 21 zugeordnet und nachgeschaltet und an den seriellen Bus 17 angeschlossen. Der serielle Bus 17 kommuniziert mit der Auswerteeinheit 16. Diese Auswerteeinheit 16 kann je nach gewünschter Funktion und je nach Aufrüstgrad mehrere ggf. miteinander integrierte Mess- und Bewertungseinheiten aufweisen. Insbesondere ist über eine Lokalisierungseinheit eine Lokalisierung von Fahrzeugen entsprechend ihrer Position in einem bestimmten Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich durchführbar. Über einen Zeitgeber sind Laufzeitmessungen und damit Geschwindigkeitsmessungen mittels einer Geschwindigkeitsmesseinheit zur Bestimmung von Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten möglich. Zudem kann der Durchgang eines bestimmten Fahrzeugs durch den Tunnel mittels einer Verfolgungseinheit verfolgt werden, wobei eine Verfolgung des Durchgangs vom Tunneleingang bis zum Tunnelausgang lückenlos möglich ist. Weiter sind Abstandsmessungen zwischen Fahrzeugen durchführbar, ebenso wie Fahrtrichtungserkennungen und Pannenplatzüberwachungen. Durch Auswertungen der Intensität von Sensorsignalen ist bei einem entsprechenden Ausbau der Auswerteeinheit durch Ermittlung von Höhen und Längen von Fahrzeugen auch eine Fahrzeugtyperkennung durchführbar. Alle oder ein Teil der vorstehend genannten Auswertungsergebnisse können zu statistischen Zwecken, zu Steuereingriffen oder Warnhinweisen verknüpft werden. 4 is an example of a circuit diagram for the tunnel monitoring system shown. The individual ultrasonic sensors 9, 10 of the ultrasonic sensor units 7, an analog-digital converter 21 is assigned and connected downstream and connected to serial bus 17. The serial bus 17 communicates with the evaluation unit 16. This evaluation unit 16 can each Depending on the desired function and depending on the degree of upgrade, several if necessary have integrated measuring and evaluation units. In particular, is about a localization unit corresponding to a localization of vehicles their position in a certain radiation and reception range feasible. Runtime measurements and thus speed measurements are via a timer using a speed measuring unit for determination of vehicle speeds possible. In addition, the passage of one tracked certain vehicle through the tunnel by means of a tracking unit with a trace of the passage from the tunnel entrance to to the tunnel exit is completely possible. There are also distance measurements feasible between vehicles, as well as direction detection and breakdown monitoring. By evaluating the intensity of sensor signals is completed with a corresponding expansion of the evaluation unit Determination of heights and lengths of vehicles also a vehicle type recognition feasible. All or part of the evaluation results mentioned above can be used for statistical purposes, for tax interventions or Warnings are linked.

    Der Auswerteeinheit 16 ist hier als Ausgabeeinheit beispielhaft ein Bildschirm 22 als Visualisierungseinrichtung nachgeschaltet, womit eine Überwachungsperson die Vorgänge im Tunnel visuell nachvollziehen kann. Zudem sind auch weitere an sich bekannte Einheiten zur Dokumentation, wie beispielsweise Speicher und Drucker möglich.The evaluation unit 16 is an example of a screen as an output unit 22 downstream as a visualization device, with which a monitoring person can visually understand what is going on in the tunnel. Also are other known units for documentation, such as Storage and printer possible.

    Weiter sind hier die Ergebnisse der Auswerteeinheit 16 einer Steuereinheit 23 zugeführt, womit selbsttätig nachgeschaltete Stellglieder beispielsweise zur Verkehrsleitung, zur Warnung, zur Sicherung, etc. angesteuert werden. Beispielhaft sind hier mit einer Lampe 24 Ampeln und/oder Blinklampen und/oder Leuchtschriften angedeutet. Weiter sind mit einem Lautsprecher 25 Sirenen und/oder Durchsageeinrichtungen schematisch angegeben. Mit einem Lüfterrad 26 sollen Einrichtungen zur Tunnelsicherung, wie Lüftungen, automatisierte Löschanlagen, Absperreinrichtungen, etc. umfasst sein.The results of the evaluation unit 16 of a control unit 23 are also shown here supplied, with which automatically connected actuators for example Traffic management, warning, security, etc. can be controlled. exemplary are here with a lamp 24 traffic lights and / or flashing lights and / or Illuminated letters indicated. There are also 25 sirens with a loudspeaker and / or announcement devices indicated schematically. With a fan wheel 26 are intended to automate tunnel safety devices such as ventilation Extinguishing systems, shut-off devices, etc. may be included.

    Claims (10)

    Tunnelüberwachungssystem in einem Fahrzeugtunnel mit wenigstens einer Fahrspur,
    mit im Längsverlauf der wenigstens einen Fahrspur (2, 4) und verteilt im Tunnel angebrachten Lokalisierungssensoren als Bestandteile einer Fahrzeuglokalisierungseinrichtung,
    mit einer Auswerteinheit (16), der Sensorsignale der Lokalisierungssensoren zuführbar sind, und
    mit einer Ausgabeeinheit, die der Auswerteeinheit (16) nachgeordnet ist und mit der Auswerteergebnisse darstellbar sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lokalisierungssensoren Ultraschallsensoren (7; 9, 10) sind, die jeweils mit einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich (11, 12) auf die wenigstens eine Fahrspur (2, 4) gerichtet sind, dergestalt, dass beim Aufenthalt eines Fahrzeugs (3, 5) im Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich (11, 12) eines Ultraschallsensors (7; 9, 10) von diesem ein entsprechendes Sensorsignal (16) an die Auswerteeinheit abgebbar ist,
    dass die Auswerteeinheit (16) eine Laufzeitmesseinheit umfasst, mit der mittels eines Sensorsignals entsprechend dem Aufenthalt eines Fahrzeugs (3, 5) in einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich (11, 12) eines bestimmten Ultraschallsensors (7; 9, 10) eine Laufzeitmessung aktivierbar ist und mittels eines nachfolgenden Sensorsignals entsprechend dem späteren Aufenthalt des selben Fahrzeugs in einem Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereich eines in Fahrtrichtung im Tunnel nachfolgenden Ultraschallsensors die Fahrzeit zwischen wenigstens diesen zwei Ultraschallsensoren erfassbar ist, und
    dass der Laufzeitmesseinheit eine Geschwindigkeitsmesseinheit nachgeordnet, mit der aus der erfassten Laufzeit und dem bekannten Sensorabstand ein Geschwindigkeitssignal für das Fahrzeug (3, 5) errechenbar ist.    Tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel with at least one lane,
    with in the longitudinal course of the at least one lane (2, 4) and distributed in the tunnel localization sensors as components of a vehicle localization device,
    with an evaluation unit (16) to which sensor signals of the location sensors can be fed, and
    with an output unit which is arranged downstream of the evaluation unit (16) and with which evaluation results can be displayed,
    characterized in that the localization sensors are ultrasonic sensors (7; 9, 10), each with a radiation and reception area (11, 12) directed at the at least one lane (2, 4), such that when a vehicle ( 3, 5) in the radiation and reception area (11, 12) of an ultrasonic sensor (7; 9, 10), a corresponding sensor signal (16) can be emitted from the latter to the evaluation unit,
    that the evaluation unit (16) comprises a transit time measurement unit with which a transit time measurement can be activated by means of a sensor signal corresponding to the location of a vehicle (3, 5) in a radiation and reception area (11, 12) of a specific ultrasonic sensor (7; 9, 10) and the travel time between at least these two ultrasonic sensors can be detected by means of a subsequent sensor signal corresponding to the later stay of the same vehicle in a radiation and reception area of an ultrasonic sensor following in the direction of travel in the tunnel, and
    that the transit time measuring unit is followed by a velocity measuring unit with which a velocity signal for the vehicle (3, 5) can be calculated from the recorded transit time and the known sensor distance.         Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abstrahl- und Empfangsbereiche (11, 12) im Längsverlauf des Tunnels (1) aufeinanderfolgender Ultraschallsensoren (7; 9, 10) an den Fahrzeugerfassungsbereichen aneinandergrenzen und in der Längserstreckung in Fahrzeugfahrtrichtung kleiner als eine übliche Fahrzeuglänge sind.Tunnel monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation and reception areas (11, 12) in the longitudinal course of the tunnel (1) of successive ultrasonic sensors (7; 9, 10) adjoin one another at the vehicle detection areas and in the longitudinal direction in the vehicle travel direction are smaller than a conventional vehicle length are. Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinheit (16) eine Verfolgungseinheit umfasst, mit der ein Fahrzeug (3, 5) bei der Tunneleinfahrt durch einen ersten Ultraschallsensor erfasst und der Durchgang durch die nachfolgenden Ultraschallsensoren bis zum Tunnelausgang durch eine Weitergabeschaltung erfassbar und kontrollierbar ist, und
    dass bei einer Unterbrechung der Weitergabe ein Stillstandssignal für das Fahrzeug (3, 5) in Verbindung mit einem Sensorerkennungssignal entsprechend dem Ort des nicht mehr durchfahrenen Ultraschallsensors abgebbar ist.     Tunnel monitoring system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the evaluation unit (16) comprises a tracking unit with which a vehicle (3, 5) detects when entering the tunnel by a first ultrasonic sensor and the passage through the subsequent ultrasonic sensors to the tunnel exit through a Forwarding circuit is detectable and controllable, and
    that if the transmission is interrupted, a standstill signal for the vehicle (3, 5) can be emitted in conjunction with a sensor detection signal corresponding to the location of the ultrasound sensor that is no longer being driven through.         Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinheit (16) eine Abstandsmesseinheit umfasst, der die zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Fahrzeugen (3, 5) zugeordneten Sensorsignale zur Ermittlung eines Relativabstands aus den bekannten Sensorabständen zuführbar sind.Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the evaluation unit (16) comprises a distance measuring unit to which the sensor signals associated with the two successive vehicles (3, 5) can be fed in order to determine a relative distance from the known sensor distances. Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinheit eine Fahrzeugtyp-Erkennungseinheit umfasst, der aktuelle Sensorsignale zuführbar und hinsichtlich ihrer ermittelten Signalintensität auswertbar sind.Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the evaluation unit comprises a vehicle type detection unit which can be supplied with current sensor signals and can be evaluated with regard to the signal intensity determined. Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinheit eine Zähleinheit umfasst, der von wenigstens einem Ultraschallsensor Sensorsignale für eine Zählung von erfassten Fahrzeugen (3, 5) zuführbar sind.Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the evaluation unit comprises a counting unit, to which sensor signals for counting detected vehicles (3, 5) can be supplied by at least one ultrasonic sensor. Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet; dass die Ultraschallsensoren (7; 9, 10) an der Tunneldecke (6) angeordnet sind, und
    dass eine Reihe von funktionsmäßig verbundenen Ultraschallsensoren (7; 9, 10) den Fahrspuren (2, 4) einer Fahrtrichtung, vorzugsweise jeweils einer einzigen Fahrspur sowie Pannenplätzen (13) zugeordnet sind.    Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that; that the ultrasonic sensors (7; 9, 10) are arranged on the tunnel ceiling (6), and
    that a number of functionally connected ultrasonic sensors (7; 9, 10) are assigned to the lanes (2, 4) of a direction of travel, preferably each to a single lane and breakdown spaces (13).         Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ultraschallsensoren (7; 9, 10) einen A/D-Wandler (21) enthalten und über ein serielles Bussystem (17) mit der Auswerteeinheit (16) kommunizieren. Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ultrasonic sensors (7; 9, 10) contain an A / D converter (21) and communicate with the evaluation unit (16) via a serial bus system (17). Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auswerteeinheit (16) eine Steuereinheit (23) nachgeschaltet ist, mit der in Abhängigkeit von Auswerteergebnissen vor oder im Tunnel (1) angebrachte, verkehrsleitende und/oder warnende Stelleinrichtungen selbsttätig ansteuerbar sind.Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the evaluation unit (16) is followed by a control unit (23) with which, depending on the evaluation results, traffic-directing and / or warning actuating devices attached in front of or in the tunnel (1) can be controlled automatically , Tunnelüberwachungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tunnelüberwachungssystem in einem Straßen- und/oder Schienentunnel eingesetzt ist.Tunnel monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tunnel monitoring system is used in a road and / or rail tunnel.
    EP00128758A 2000-12-30 2000-12-30 Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel Expired - Lifetime EP1220181B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (7)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP00128758A EP1220181B1 (en) 2000-12-30 2000-12-30 Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel
    AT00128758T ATE301861T1 (en) 2000-12-30 2000-12-30 TUNNEL MONITORING SYSTEM IN A TUNNEL
    DE50010935T DE50010935D1 (en) 2000-12-30 2000-12-30 Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel
    JP2002555391A JP3838975B2 (en) 2000-12-30 2001-12-21 Tunnel monitoring system for automobile tunnel
    US10/451,935 US6925377B2 (en) 2000-12-30 2001-12-21 Tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel
    PCT/EP2001/015273 WO2002054368A1 (en) 2000-12-30 2001-12-21 Tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel
    NO20033006A NO20033006D0 (en) 2000-12-30 2003-06-30 Tunnel monitoring system in a vehicle tunnel

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    EP00128758A EP1220181B1 (en) 2000-12-30 2000-12-30 Tunnel monitoring system in a tunnel

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    EP1220181A1 true EP1220181A1 (en) 2002-07-03
    EP1220181B1 EP1220181B1 (en) 2005-08-10

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