Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
  • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
  • A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
  • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
  • A47L13/40—Cleaning implements actuated by electrostatic attraction; Devices for cleaning same; Magnetic cleaning implements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
  • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
  • B32B2307/204—Di-electric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
  • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2432/00—Cleaning articles, e.g. mops, wipes

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to cleaning materials and more particularly to layered cleaning sheets having a layer of electret material and a layer of absorbent material.
• cleaning materials such as electrostatically charged materials or adhesive-containing materials (e.g., wipes, lint brushes, feather dusters, adhesive rollers, and the like), are typically only suitable for picking up particulate materials, such as dust, lint, hair, soil and the like, and are generally unsuitable for cleaning and removing liquid materials due, in part, to their inability to absorb sufficient amounts of the liquid materials.
• these cleaning materials can only be effectively used when the material to be removed is completely, or at least substantially, comprised of particulate material (i.e., there is very little or no liquid present in or near the particulate material to be removed).
• a cleaning sheet for cleaning and removing particulate materials and liquid materials from a surface comprising a layer of electret material, and a layer of absorbent material adjacent to the layer of electret material.
• a cleaning sheet for cleaning and removing particulate materials and liquid materials from a surface comprising a layer of electret material, a layer of absorbent material adjacent to the layer of electret material, and a layer of adhesive material disposed between the layer of electret material and the layer of absorbent material.
• a cleaning sheet for cleaning and removing particulate materials and liquid materials from a surface comprising a layer of electret material, a layer of absorbent material adjacent to the layer of electret material, and a layer of barrier material disposed between the layer of electret material and the layer of absorbent material.
• a cleaning sheet for cleaning and removing particulate materials and liquid materials from a surface comprising a layer of electret material, a layer of absorbent material adjacent to the layer of electret material, a layer of barrier material disposed between the layer of electret material and the layer of absorbent material, a layer of adhesive material disposed between the layer of electret material and the layer of barrier material, and a layer of adhesive material disposed between the layer of barrier material and the layer of absorbent material.
• Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the dual layer cleaning sheet depicted in Figure l;
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of a multi-layer cleaning sheet, in accordance with a first alternative embodiment of the present invention;
• Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-layer cleaning sheet depicted in Figure 3;
• Figure 5 is a perspective view of a multi-layer cleaning sheet, in accordance with a second alternative embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-layer cleaning sheet depicted in Figure 5.
• the same reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the various Figures.
• the layered cleaning sheets of the present invention are particularly suitable for cleaning and removing particulate material (e.g., dust, hair, lint, soil, and the like) as well as liquid material (e.g., water, and the like).
• the layered cleaning sheets of the present invention are preferably used on substantially hard or rigid surfaces (e.g., tables, shelving, floors, ceilings, hard furnishings, household appliances, and the like); however, it should be appreciated that the layered cleaning sheets of the present invention may be used on relatively softer surfaces as well (e.g., rugs, carpets, soft furnishings, linens, clothing, and the like).
• the layered cleaning sheets of the present invention can be washed, dried, and re-used over and over again over an extended period of time without any substantial diminishment of their cleaning properties, tearing, pilling, or changes in dimensional stability.
• a dual layer cleaning sheet 10 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, is comprised primarily of a first layer 12 of electret material and a second layer 14 of absorbent material.
• first and second layers are used for reference purposes only and is not meant to limit the scope of the present invention.
• the exact dimensions of the cleaning sheet 10 are not thought to be critical to the success of the present invention; thus, the cleaning sheet 10 can be configured in a variety of shapes.
• the first layer 12 may be fastened, attached, or otherwise secured to the second layer
• first layer 12 is fastened, attached, or otherwise secured to the second layer 14 by any number of conventional methods, such as, but not limited to stitching (e.g., along the periphery, or alternatively, at predetermined points so as to form a "checkerboard", "cross", “crisscross”, or any other desired pattern).
• stitching e.g., along the periphery, or alternatively, at predetermined points so as to form a "checkerboard”, "cross”, “crisscross”, or any other desired pattern.
• the exact manner in which the first layer 12 is fastened, attached, or otherwise secured to the second layer 14 is not thought to be critical provided that the two respective layers do not separate from one another, for example, during routine use.
• the electret material is primarily intended to be used for the cleaning and removal of particulate material, whereas the absorbent material is primarily intended to be used for the cleaning and removal of liquid material.
• the first layer 12 is preferably comprised of a plurality of fibers.
• the fibers can be comprised of synthetic materials, such as, but not limited to, thermoplastics.
• the thermoplastics can include, without limitation, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon, rayon, and acrylic.
• the physical dimensions of the first layer 12 are not thought to be critical; however, the first layer 12 is preferably a relatively thin (as compared to the second layer 14), single planar sheet of woven electret fibers.
• the first layer 12 has a shape and configuration similar to that of the second layer 14. It is believed that the fiber thickness and length are not critical to the success of the present invention provided that the resulting first layer 12 is sufficiently thin and flexible to clean and remove particulate material.
• the denier values (i.e., the weight of 9000 meters of a single filament fiber) of the fibers of the first layer 12 are in the range of about 0.5 to about 4.
• the thickness values of the fibers of the first layer 12 are in the range of about 0.05 to about 0.2 inches, with about
• the density of the fibers of the first layer 12 is such that there are no voids greater than 100 microns wide, and more preferably, no greater than 20 microns wide.
• the first layer 12 can be constructed by any number of conventional methods, including, but not limited to, wet laid, dry laid, hydroentangled, spun-bound, needle punches, and the like.
• the thermoplastic materials are preferably suitable for the generation of a permanent electrostatic charge on the surface of the fibers. These permanently electrostatically charged materials are generally referred to as electret materials. A discussion of electret materials, and methods of producing the same, can be found in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,998,916 issued to van Turnhout; 4,178,157 issued to van Turnhout et al.; 4,215,682 issued to Kubik et al.;
• An electret material also generally referred to as an electret, is a dielectric material which retains an electrostatic charge for many years and as such can be considered the electrostatic equivalent of a permanent magnet.
• the magnet is a permanent source of external magnetic field
• the electret is a permanent source of electric field.
• Electrets are usually produced in sheet or film form with one surface positively charged and the other surface negatively charged.
• the material When an electret is formed, the material is said to be polarized; i.e., the charges have been oriented in a preferred direction.
• This polarization can involve either heterocharges, homocharges, or both, depending on the material used and the method of preparation.
• a comparative test was conducted among a conventional cotton cleaning cloth (e.g., 100% flannel cloths) obtained from Darra (North Hollywood, California), a conventional generic brand polyester cleaning cloth, and a cleaning cloth (sold under the tradename ECM-85 PFP) comprised of a single layer of electret fibers obtained from All Felt (Ingleside, Illinois).
• the comparative testing procedure is presented in
• Example I A standard dust cabinet was provided having a total internal volume of 0.468 cubic meters. A 241 centimeter x 127 centimeter section of furniture surface (oak with high gloss nitrocellulose lacquer) was cleaned to remove any dust, polish, fingerprints and was placed inside the cabinet. After the cabinet was sealed, and thirty minutes before the testing procedure was commenced, 10 grams of a 50:50 weight ratio mixture of particulate matter comprised of sieved (100 micron) vacuum cleaner dust (i.e., dust) and Bandy Black research clay (i.e., dirt) (Textile Innovators Corp., Windsor, North Carolina) was introduced into the cabinet by a Vent-Axia TX7IL fan unit having a maximum flow rate of 645 cubic meters/hour.
• a 50:50 weight ratio mixture of particulate matter comprised of sieved (100 micron) vacuum cleaner dust (i.e., dust) and Bandy Black research clay (i.e., dirt)
• Textile Innovators Corp., Windsor, North Carolina was introduced into the
• the cleaning cloth having a layer comprised of electret fibers, in accordance with the present invention not only attracted more particulate matter than the other types of cleaning cloths, but also retained more particulate matter after being shaken.
• the chemical (e.g., thermoplastic) and physical (e.g., hydrophobic) nature of the electret materials of the present invention necessarily means that they have relatively low liquid absorbency. Accordingly, a benefit of this relatively low level of liquid absorbency is that the electret material of the first layer 12 functions as a semi-impervious barrier to the liquid materials, i.e., the electret material of the first layer 12 is at least partially impervious to the liquid materials.
• the first layer 12 functions to prevent any substantial amount of the liquid material from passing through the first layer 12 and soiling the user's hand. This feature is especially beneficial if the liquid material has an objectionable odor or contains pathogenic material.
• Example II To illustrate the imperviousness features of the material comprising the first layer 12 of the cleaning sheet 10, a comparative test was conducted among a conventional wool cleaning cloth, a conventional cotton cleaning cloth (e.g., a duster), a conventional cellulosic cleaning cloth (e.g., a paper towel), and cleaning cloths comprised of non-electret synthetic fibers such as rayon, polyester, polypropylene, and nylon.
• the comparative testing procedure is presented in Example II, below:
• Laminate cloths were constructed using, on the lower layer, a super-absorbent material comprising 30 weight percent Oasis FSA (Technical Absorbents, Ltd.), 50 weight percent Fluff PLP, and 20 weight percent thermal bondable fiber.
• the upper layer which was non-electret, comprised a fabric under test for water strike-through.
• the cloths were cut to 7.6 centimeter x 7.6 centimeter squares and stitched together at the edges only.
• One hundred ml of water was placed on a horizontal surface so that it formed a puddle.
• the cloth laminate was placed in the middle of the puddle, super-absorbent layer down so that the super-absorbent layer became saturated.
• the cloth laminate was left in contact with the water for 5 minutes.
• the cloth laminate was then placed on a separate surface and left for a further 5 minutes.
• the upper layer of the laminate cloth was gently touched with a finger and rated for dampness
• the cleaning cloth having a layer comprised of synthetic fibers e.g., rayon, polyester, polypropylene, and nylon
• the polypropylene material did not allow any water penetration (i.e., strike-through) whatsoever.
• the second layer 14 is preferably comprised of an absorbent material, and still more preferably a super-absorbent material, that is capable of absorbing relatively large amount of liquid materials, especially water.
• a super-absorbent material is generally defined as a water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer material capable of absorbing water in an amount which is at least ten times the weight of the substance in its dry form. Additionally, super- absorbents also retain the absorbed liquid far better than conventional materials. Thus, once the liquid is absorbed by the super-absorbent material, it is difficult for the liquid to be released from the super-absorbent material.
• the super-absorbent material is formed into a plurality of fibers which are then formed into the second layer 14.
• the super-absorbent fibers of the present invention are preferably absorbent of any liquid material, more preferably absorbent of any aqueous-based liquid material, and still more preferably absorbent of water.
• the second layer 14 is preferably comprised a plurality of polymeric fibers (e.g., thermoplastics) comprised of up to about 70 weight percent of a cross-linked acrylate copolymer (preferably partially neutralized to the sodium salt) that acts as a water super- absorbent.
• polymeric fibers e.g., thermoplastics
• a cross-linked acrylate copolymer preferably partially neutralized to the sodium salt
• Super-absorbent materials in accordance with the present invention, are readily commercially available under the fradenames LANSEAL FTM (Toyobo Company, Limited, Osaka, Japan), FIBERSORBTM (DuPont, Wilmington, Delaware), and OASISTM (Technical Absorbents Limited, Grimsby, England).
• the super-absorbent fibers of the present invention have been demonstrated to absorb and retain up to about eighty times their own weight of water, whereas conventional natural fibers, such as cotton, wool, cellulose, and even synthetic fibers, such as nylon, polypropylene, and rayon, absorb only around up to about seven times their own weight.
• a comparative test was conducted among the various materials and the super-absorbent material of the present invention. The comparative testing procedure is presented in Example III, below:
• the fabrics comprised of natural fibers retain only about 5.36 to 7.16 times their initial mass of water.
• the fabrics comprised of synthetic fibers retain only about 0.02 to 0.06 times their initial mass of water.
• the fabric comprised of super-absorbent material, in accordance with the present invention retains nearly 80 times its own weight in water.
• the advantage of employing super-absorbent fibers is two-fold.
• the fibers permit the quick absorption of liquid materials (e.g., spills) far more efficiently than conventional paper towels or cloth towels.
• an aqueous-based cleaner e.g., a surfactant
• the fibers improve the efficiency of the cleaner, as well as particulate removal from a surface, which is especially important on surfaces that can be damaged by moisture.
• the second layer 14 optionally contains other natural or synthetic fibers to increase tensile strength of this layer, such as, but not limited to wool, cotton, cellulose, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon, rayon, and acrylic.
• the physical dimensions of the second layer 14 are not thought to be critical; however, the second layer 14 is preferably a relatively thick (as compared to the first layer 12), single planar sheet of non-woven absorbent fibers.
• the second layer 14 can be up to about 0.25 inches in diameter.
• the second layer 14 has a shape and configuration similar to that of the first layer 12.
• a multi-layer cleaning sheet 30, in accordance with a first alternative embodiment of the present invention is comprised primarily of a first layer 32 of electret material (as previously described), a second layer 34 of absorbent material (as previously described), and a third layer 36 of adhesive material disposed between the first layer 32 and the second layer 34.
• first, second, and third layers is for reference purposes only and is not meant to limit the scope of the present invention.
• the third layer 36 of adhesive material may be applied to any suitable surface of either, or both, the first layer 32 and/or the second layer 34.
• the adhesive material may be applied as a solid layer, a continuous pattern (e.g., a circle or serpentine pattern), a discontinuous pattern (e.g., a series of lines or a matrix of dots), or any other desired pattern.
• the third layer 36 of adhesive material is intended to function as a way to bond
• the third layer 36 of adhesive material is intended to function as an impervious, or at least a semi-impervious, barrier against liquid materials penetrating through to the first layer 32, i.e., the adhesive material of the third layer 36 is at least partially impervious to the liquid materials.
• the adhesive material is water-proof and otherwise impervious to liquid materials.
• the semi- impervious nature of the first layer 32 can be enhanced or reinforced by employing a solid layer of water-proof, and preferably liquid impervious, adhesive material.
• the third layer 36 of adhesive material also adds strength and durability to the cleaning sheet 30.
• the multi-layer cleaning sheet 30 is intended to function in the same manner as the dual-layer cleaning sheet 10, i.e., the first layer 32 of electret material is primarily intended to clean and remove particulate material, whereas the second layer 34 of absorbent material is primarily intended to clean and remove liquid material.
• a multi-layer cleaning sheet 50 in accordance with a second alternative embodiment of the present invention, is comprised primarily of a first layer 52 of electret material (as previously described), a second layer 54 of absorbent material (as previously described), a third layer 56 of barrier material disposed between the first layer 52 and the second layer 54, an optional fourth layer 58 of adhesive material disposed between the first layer 52 and the third layer 56, and an optional fifth layer of adhesive 60 disposed between the second layer 54 and the third layer 56.
• the adhesive layers 58 and 60 are described as being optional because the third layer 56 of barrier material can be bonded (physically and/or chemically), fastened, attached, or otherwise secured to the first layer 52 and the second layer 54 without resort to adhesives.
• the third layer 56 of barrier material can be stitched to the first layer 52 and the second layer 54, or vice verse.
• the designation of “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, and “fifth” layers is for reference purposes only and is not meant to limit the scope of the present invention.
• the third layer 56 of barrier material is employed to further improve the imperviousness of the first layer 52 against the penetration of liquid materials.
• the barrier material is preferably comprised of at least a partially or semi-impervious material, and still more preferably an impervious material, such as, but not limited to, thermoplastics, especially those that are capable of being formed into films.
• suitable materials include natural materials such as rubber, latex, and the like, as well as synthetic materials such polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, and the like.
• the barrier material should preferably extend to, and along, the periphery of both the first layer 52 and the second layer 54 in order to provide a continuous barrier against the penetration of liquid materials.
• the two adhesive layers 58 and 60 are provided in order to bond, fasten, attach, or otherwise secure the first layer 52 and the second layer 54 to the respective surfaces of the third layer 56 of barrier material.
• One, or both, of the adhesive layers 58 and 60 can be made impervious, or at least partially or semi- impervious, to liquid materials, thus further enhancing the imperviousness of the first layer 52 against the penetration of liquid materials.
• the third layer 56 of barrier material, as well as the fourth and fifth layers 58 and 60 of adhesive material also add increased strength and durability to the cleaning sheet 50.
• the multi-layer cleaning sheet 50 is intended to function in the same manner as the previously described cleaning sheets 10 and 30, i.e., the first layer 52 of electret material is primarily intended to clean and remove particulate material, whereas the second layer 54 of absorbent material is primarily intended to clean and remove liquid material.
• the present invention is highly versatile as it may be utilized to clean both substantially rigid surfaces such as countertops and floors as well as softer surfaces like rugs and carpeting. It can be manufactured with conventional manufacturing equipment and commercially available materials. Additionally, the cleaning sheets of the present invention may be washed and reused making them more environmentally sound than one-time use cleaning implements.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 2000
  • 2000-09-27 WO PCT/US2000/026480 patent/WO2001022858A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-09-27 EP EP00965465A patent/EP1215986A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-09-27 CA CA002385886A patent/CA2385886A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-09-27 KR KR1020027003888A patent/KR20020076228A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-09-27 NZ NZ517800A patent/NZ517800A/en unknown
  • 2000-09-27 JP JP2001526079A patent/JP2003510116A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-09-27 AR ARP000105069A patent/AR026886A1/es unknown
  • 2000-09-27 AU AU76181/00A patent/AU760336B2/en not_active Ceased

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