EP1209434B1 - Echangeur de chaleur pour échange de chaleur indirecte - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur pour échange de chaleur indirecte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1209434B1
EP1209434B1 EP01125219A EP01125219A EP1209434B1 EP 1209434 B1 EP1209434 B1 EP 1209434B1 EP 01125219 A EP01125219 A EP 01125219A EP 01125219 A EP01125219 A EP 01125219A EP 1209434 B1 EP1209434 B1 EP 1209434B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
set forth
tubes
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01125219A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1209434A3 (fr
EP1209434A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Kreilos
Frank Adamczyk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock Borsig Service GmbH
Original Assignee
Babcock Borsig Service GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock Borsig Service GmbH filed Critical Babcock Borsig Service GmbH
Publication of EP1209434A2 publication Critical patent/EP1209434A2/fr
Publication of EP1209434A3 publication Critical patent/EP1209434A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1209434B1 publication Critical patent/EP1209434B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/08—Tubular elements crimped or corrugated in longitudinal section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/187—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding at least one of the parts being non-metallic, e.g. heat-sealing plastic elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/20—Fastening; Joining with threaded elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for the indirect heat exchange of two gaseous media, of which at least one on the heat exchange surfaces aggressively acting components, eg. For example, sulfur-containing acids containing, with one of the one medium-flow chamber through which are passed through by the respective other medium tubes whose tube ends are gas-tight or liquid-tight in at least one separating the media from each other.
  • aggressively acting components eg. For example, sulfur-containing acids containing, with one of the one medium-flow chamber through which are passed through by the respective other medium tubes whose tube ends are gas-tight or liquid-tight in at least one separating the media from each other.
  • Such heat exchangers are known in various embodiments.
  • the often made of stainless steel or other possible corrosion-resistant metal tubes are passed at their ends through tube sheets and connected to the tube sheets by soldering or welding.
  • pipes made of z. B. stainless steel are resistant to corrosion by conventional standards, this is certainly not the case when used as a heat exchanger between such gases or liquids containing particularly aggressive acting ingredients such.
  • B. sulphurous acid Especially in the field of flue gas desulfurization and waste incineration, however, heat exchangers are required, which can withstand acid gases on a permanent basis, especially when falling below the acid dew point.
  • WO 95/19873 is a pipe joint for plastic pipes for use in various technical fields such as to guide media of all kinds, for example for heat exchanger applications or for use as a chimney lining disclosed.
  • a plastic pipe is provided, which has a thread-like, spiral and flexible pipe wall, wherein the pipe itself serves directly as a screwing element for the production of the pipe joint.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a composite of raw and suitable for aggressive media heat exchanger, which is characterized by low pressure losses and a low tendency to contamination on the tube side.
  • the pipes are plastic pipes with a zig-zag pattern in longitudinal section forming pipe walls, the zig-zag pattern on the pipe inside and outside of the pipe run corresponding to each other, and in that the flanks of the zigzag pattern pointing obliquely downwards on the inner side of the tube have a smaller angle to the central axis of the tube than the flanks facing obliquely upwards.
  • Such designed plastic pipes are characterized by a relatively high strength, and they can be realized with sufficient strength with relatively low wall thicknesses because of the on the inside of the tube and the outside of the pipe correspondingly extending zig-zag pattern.
  • plastic pipes can be used with a nominal diameter of up to 120 mm and a wall thickness of only 0.4 mm. Due to the zigzag-shaped design of the pipe walls is despite the small wall thickness sufficient Resistance to the prevailing in the heat exchanger flow back and optionally reaches vibrations.
  • flanks of the zig-zag pattern with alternating, different sized flank pitches ensures that the pressure losses are low when flowing through the tubes. Also, the tendency for contamination is low, since flow turbulences are generated which prevent unwanted settling of deposits on the tube inside.
  • the zig-zag pattern can be designed ring-shaped, ie with closed over the circumference of the tube flanks. Also feasible is a helical design of Rohraus tenugonne.
  • the tubes consist of a melt-weldable fluoroplastic, preferably of PFA (perfluoroalkoxyalkane) or MFA (trifluoro-metoxy-perfluoro-alcoxypolymer).
  • the tubes extend in the vertical longitudinal direction of the chamber that are vertically spaced from the tube bottom horizontal support elements are fixed in the chamber, with which the tube outer sides of the tubes are positively connected, and that the support elements with recesses for each tube are provided which enclose the outer tube side of the respective tube only on a part of the circumference in a form-fitting manner.
  • the fact is taken into account that plastic pipes with corresponding, wave-like structures on the inside and outside, although a high strength in the radial direction, ie against pressure, but behave rather flexible in the longitudinal direction.
  • the tube ends are fixed in a form-fitting manner in the tube plate, wherein the positive engagement is achieved by the zig-zag shape of the tubes.
  • This allows a simple and inexpensive connection technology, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment in which the respective tube end receiving opening of the tube plate, a tube end enclosing the retaining ring is attached, and the retaining ring is provided at its inner edge with a circumferential structure into which the zigzag Structure of the tube outside engages positively.
  • the tube sheet is plastic coated or plastic coated at least on its side facing the chamber.
  • the tube is plastic welded to the plastic layer.
  • the tubesheet is designed to be divisible into segments, and that the segments are provided with recesses, which formschlifig enclose the outer tube side of the respective tube on the half of its circumference. This allows a particularly simple attachment of the pipe ends in the respective tube sheet.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1 in view and in Fig. 2 in cross-section is designed in the manner of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a penetrated by the individual tubes 1 chamber 2 and inlets and outlets for the two involved in the heat exchange media.
  • the first medium passes through the inlet m 1e in the heat exchanger and leaves it via the outlet m 1a .
  • the distribution of this first medium via top and bottom mounted hoods 3 and under flow through the individual, vertically arranged tubes 1 of the heat exchanger.
  • the second participating in the heat exchange medium passes through the inlet m 2e in the heat exchanger, flows through the deflection twice the interior of the chamber 2 and leaves the heat exchanger again via the outlet m 2a .
  • the leadership of the second medium takes place, as the flow arrows reveal, in the cross-countercurrent, but also a cross-flow or a countercurrent flow is possible.
  • the tube 1 is a plastic tube made of a fusion-weldable fluoroplastic, for example of PFA (perfluoroalkoxyalkane) or MFA (trifluoro-metoxy-perfluoro-alcoxypolymer).
  • the plastic tube is shaped in the manner of a corrugated pipe, wherein the zigzag-shaped waves 5, as shown in FIG. 3 can be seen in the form of a graphic breakout on the inside of the pipe and the pipe outside to each other with a constant wall thickness d extend.
  • This wall thickness d is between 0.25 and 0.75 mm, for example, about 0.4 mm for a pipe with a nominal diameter up to 120 mm.
  • the ratio between maximum pipe outside diameter d a and minimum pipe inside diameter d i is between 1.2: 1 and 1.5: 1.
  • the zigzag-shaped waves 5 are each composed of a longer flank 6 and a shorter flank 7, which are at an angle to each other, which is about 90 °.
  • the measured with respect to the tube center axis 1a angle ⁇ of the tube inside obliquely upwardly facing, shorter edge 7 is 1.3 to 2 times the angle ⁇ of the pipe inside obliquely downwardly facing longer edge 6.
  • the lower angle ⁇ has the advantage that the tubes 1 from top to bottom passing flow can nestle well on the flanks 6.
  • the shorter flanks 7 in turn lead to a turbulence formation in this area and cause no deposits on the inner side of the pipe to settle in the region of the flanks 7.
  • Fig. 3 the definition of a smooth-surfaced pipe end 8 in the upper tube sheet 4 is shown. A corresponding definition can also in the lower tube sheet be provided.
  • the tube plate 4 is provided both on its upper side, as well as on its underside each with a plastic layer 9a, 9b. In the region of each through-hole to the bushings of the tube, the two plastic layers 9a, 9b are formed overlapping. At the upper circumferential edge of the through hole, a weld 10 is pulled to the gas or liquid-tight connection of the pipe end 8 with the plastic layer 9a.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment of the connection between tube 1 and tube sheet 4 is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the passage opening 11 is here designed slightly larger in diameter and has room for a retaining ring 12, which is welded to both the upper plastic layer 9a, as well as with the lower plastic layer 9b.
  • the retaining ring 21, which preferably also consists of fluoroplastics such as PFA or MFA, is provided on its inner edge with a circumferential structure 13, in which the shaft-shaped outer side of the tube engages in a form-fitting manner.
  • the structure 13 of the retaining ring 12 has zig-zag wave troughs and wave crests corresponding to the corresponding contour of the tube 1.
  • the plastic layer arranged on top of the tubesheet 4 is enlarged to form a plastic plate 14. This is provided with an inner edge 15 which engages positively in the structure of the outer surface of the tube 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the tube bundle is secured in certain vertical distances with horizontally extending support members 17.
  • the support members 17 are suitably fixed in the chamber 2. Details of the support elements 17 can be seen with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 explain.
  • each support member consists of a horizontally extending bar, which is provided on both sides with recesses 18 for the tubes.
  • the recesses have, since the tubes in the embodiment have a circular cross section, also the contour of a circular section. In this way, each recess 18 encloses the outside of the pipe 1 in question on a part of its circumference.
  • Fig. 4 shows that the strip-shaped support members 17 in the region of the recesses 18 have a cross-sectional contour, which in turn corresponds to the wave troughs and crests existing outer contour of the tubes 1.
  • each tube 1 is positively coupled in the vertical direction with a total of two support elements 17, so that the tubes in the region of the support elements can perform neither horizontal movements nor vertical movements.
  • the plastic pipes described allow, compared to conventional, smooth pipes a material savings in the small wall thickness and because of the better heat transfer value, which, inter alia, results from the increased turbulence of the gases on the flanks 7 of the plastic pipes. Furthermore, as a result of the waviness of the plastic pipes, their surface increases considerably, depending on the ratio d a / d i . For the same performance, therefore, the heat exchanger can be made smaller and more compact.
  • FIG. 9 shows a variant of the tube bottom 4.
  • This consists of individual, parallel to each other in the same plane arranged segments 19. Similar to the above-mentioned support elements is also in the segments 19 to horizontal strips, which are provided on both sides with recesses 20 for the tubes. Adjacent segments abut each other, so that the recesses 20 in tubes with a circular cross-section have the contour of a semicircle. In this way encloses each recess 20 the outside of the pipe 1 in question on half of its circumference. At the abutting edges 21, the individual segments 19 are sealed to each other in a suitable manner. The segments 19 are clamped together by long bolts 22 which penetrate all segments 19 horizontally.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur pour l'échange de chaleur indirect de deux milieux gazeux, dont l'un au moins contient des fractions ayant une action agressive sur les surfaces d'échange de chaleur, p. ex. des acides sulfureux, avec une chambre (2) apte à être parcourue par l'un des milieux et au travers de laquelle passent des tuyaux (1) aptes à être parcourus par l'autre milieu respectif, les extrémités (7) des tubes étant fixées de manière à être étanches aux gaz ou aux liquides dans au moins un fond (4) de tube séparant les fluides les uns des autres,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les tubes (1) s'étendent dans le sens vertical de la longueur de la chambre (2) et sont des tubes en matière plastique aptes à être parcourus du haut vers le bas, avec des parois de tube de section longitudinale en zigzag, les dessins en zigzag (5) s'étendant sur la face interne et sur la face externe du tube de manière à se correspondre, et que les flancs (6) du dessin en zigzag pointant obliquement vers le bas sur la face interne du tube forment par rapport à l'axe central (la) du tube un angle (α) inférieur à celui que forment les flancs (7) pointant obliquement vers le haut, les angles étant mesurés sur la face interne du tube, à la hauteur du plus petit diamètre intérieur (di) du tube.
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (β) des flancs (7) pointant obliquement vers le haut sur la face interne du tube fait 1,3 à 2 fois l'angle (α) des flancs (6) pointant obliquement vers le bas sur la face interne du tube.
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dessin en zigzag (5) s'étend en spirale ou en hélice sur la circonférence du tube (1).
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont réalisés en un fluoroplastique soudable par fusion, de préférence en PFA (perfluoro alcoxyl alcane) ou en MFA (polymère trifluoromethoxy perfluoro alcoxyl).
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les parois de tube ont une épaisseur (d) comprise entre 0,25 et 0,75 mm, de préférence une épaisseur de 0,4 mm.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des éléments support (17) horizontaux, auxquels sont reliés à coopération de forme les faces externes des tubes (1), sont fixés à distance verticale du fond (4) du tube dans la chambre (2) et que les éléments support (17) sont munis pour chaque tube (1) d'évidements (18) entourant la face externe du tube (1) respectif sur une partie seulement de sa circonférence.
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les éléments support (17) sont des baguettes horizontales qui sont munies sur leurs deux faces d'évidements (18) pour des tubes (1).
  8. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités (7) des tubes sont fixées par coopération de forme dans le fond (4) du tube, la coopération de formes étant obtenue grâce à la configuration en zigzag des tubes (1).
  9. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'ouverture (11) du fond (4) du tube recevant l'extrémité (7) respective du tube, est fixé un anneau de retenue (12) entourant l'extrémité (7) du tube et que l'anneau de retenue (12) est muni sur son bord interne d'une structure circonférentielle (13) dans laquelle s'engage par coopération de formes la face externe en zigzag du tube.
  10. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le fond (4) du tube est muni d'une couche de matière plastique (9b, 9a), au moins sur sa face tournée vers la chambre (2).
  11. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le tube (1) est soudé par soudure plastique avec la couche de matière plastique (9b, 9a).
  12. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le fond (4) du tube est conformé de manière à pouvoir être divisé en segments (19) et que les segments (19) sont munis d'évidements (20) qui entourent par coopération de formes la face externe du tube respectif (1) sur la moitié de sa circonférence.
  13. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre le plus grand diamètre extérieur (da) du tube et le plus petit diamètre intérieur (di) du tube est compris entre 1,2 :1 et 1,5 :1.
EP01125219A 2000-11-23 2001-10-24 Echangeur de chaleur pour échange de chaleur indirecte Expired - Lifetime EP1209434B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10058023 2000-11-23
DE10058023 2000-11-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1209434A2 EP1209434A2 (fr) 2002-05-29
EP1209434A3 EP1209434A3 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP1209434B1 true EP1209434B1 (fr) 2007-08-22

Family

ID=7664295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01125219A Expired - Lifetime EP1209434B1 (fr) 2000-11-23 2001-10-24 Echangeur de chaleur pour échange de chaleur indirecte

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1209434B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE371156T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50112903D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1209434T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2288901T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10350765B4 (de) * 2003-10-30 2005-12-29 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Satz von thermischen Nachverbrennungsvorrichtungen
DE202008003519U1 (de) * 2008-03-12 2009-07-30 Rehau Ag + Co Wellschlauch aus Kunststoffmaterial zur Ummantelung von wenigstens einem Abgassensor-Kabel
CN108801001A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2018-11-13 青岛达能环保设备股份有限公司 改性塑料管式烟气-烟气换热系统

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1215274A (fr) * 1958-11-13 1960-04-15 Tubes d'échangeur de chaleur en plusieurs couches de métal
GB935091A (en) * 1959-12-11 1963-08-28 Andre Huet Improvements in or relating to tubular heat exchangers
CH511078A (de) * 1970-01-07 1971-08-15 Aircold System Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines doppelwandigen Rohres mit schraubenlinienförmigem Kanal und nach dem Verfahren hergestelltes Rohr
AR205405A1 (es) 1974-12-20 1976-04-30 Ecodyne Corp Un tubo intercambiador de calor realizado de un material plastico
DE3049535C2 (de) * 1980-12-31 1984-02-16 Anatolij Alekseevič Penza Černyj Rekuperativwärmeaustauscher, insbesondere für gasgefeuerte Kupolöfen
DE3722520A1 (de) 1987-07-08 1989-01-19 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Waermeaustauschelement in form eines wellschlauches
ES2027171A6 (es) * 1990-12-13 1992-05-16 Polifluor S L Recuperador de calor de humos de combustion y metodo de fabricacion.
WO1995016873A1 (fr) * 1993-12-16 1995-06-22 Firma 2H-Kunststoffe Raccord de tuyaux
DE59903752D1 (de) * 1998-04-29 2003-01-23 Chemspeed Ltd Kunststoffrohr

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE371156T1 (de) 2007-09-15
EP1209434A3 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP1209434A2 (fr) 2002-05-29
DE50112903D1 (de) 2007-10-04
DK1209434T3 (da) 2008-01-07
ES2288901T3 (es) 2008-02-01

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