EP1207858A1 - Formes galeniques orales - Google Patents

Formes galeniques orales

Info

Publication number
EP1207858A1
EP1207858A1 EP00964052A EP00964052A EP1207858A1 EP 1207858 A1 EP1207858 A1 EP 1207858A1 EP 00964052 A EP00964052 A EP 00964052A EP 00964052 A EP00964052 A EP 00964052A EP 1207858 A1 EP1207858 A1 EP 1207858A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dosage forms
oral dosage
forms according
agents
active ingredient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00964052A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Bartholomäus
Iris Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruenenthal GmbH
Original Assignee
Gruenenthal GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19940740A external-priority patent/DE19940740A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19940944A external-priority patent/DE19940944B4/de
Priority claimed from DE10023699A external-priority patent/DE10023699A1/de
Application filed by Gruenenthal GmbH filed Critical Gruenenthal GmbH
Publication of EP1207858A1 publication Critical patent/EP1207858A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D275/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings
    • C07D275/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D275/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring sulfur atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/205—Amine addition salts of organic acids; Inner quaternary ammonium salts, e.g. betaine, carnitine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
    • A61K31/428—Thiazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
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    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1652—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
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    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
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    • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
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    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
    • A61K9/2077—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets
    • A61K9/2081—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets with microcapsules or coated microparticles according to A61K9/50
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    • A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
    • A61K9/2806—Coating materials
    • A61K9/2833—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/284—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone
    • A61K9/2846—Poly(meth)acrylates
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    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5015—Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5026—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/5042—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A61K9/5047—Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
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    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C217/00—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/54—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/74—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with rings other than six-membered aromatic rings being part of the carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C307/00—Amides of sulfuric acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfate groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C307/02—Monoamides of sulfuric acids or esters thereof, e.g. sulfamic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D291/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D291/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D291/06—Six-membered rings
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A61K9/0058—Chewing gums
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    • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
    • C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to oral dosage forms with controlled total release of an active ingredient, the same active ingredient being in the form of at least two different salts which are present in the dosage form in the solid state and have a different in vitro release of this active ingredient.
  • an active ingredient in the form of preparations from which this active ingredient is released in a controlled manner is advantageous for many therapies.
  • Controlled release of an active ingredient with a relatively short half-life extends its availability in the organism.
  • a uniform blood level can thereby be set and thus any undesirable side effects can be reduced and compliance with dosage regulations can be improved.
  • the controlled release of an active ingredient from oral dosage forms can usually only be achieved by relatively complex formulation processes, such as, for example, by coating oral dosage forms containing active ingredient with retarding film coatings or by embedding them in a sustained-release matrix. If a different release of partial amounts of an active ingredient is desired in order to control its overall release profile, one and the same active ingredient or the same active ingredient salt is processed separately to form different formulations, which are then e.g. be combined as a delayed and unretarded form into one dosage form.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide oral dosage forms of an active ingredient, from which this active ingredient is released in a controlled manner, without the need for complex, separate
  • Formulation steps to adjust the overall release profile of the active ingredient from one dosage form are required.
  • this object is achieved by the provision of oral dosage forms with controlled total release of an active ingredient, in which the same active ingredient is present in the form of at least two different salts, which are present in the dosage form in the solid state and have a different in-vitro release of this active ingredient ,
  • all the different salts of the active ingredient of a dosage form have a different solubility in water, which generally leads to a different dissolution rate of the active ingredient.
  • the water solubility of all of the different active ingredient salts used in a dosage form according to the invention preferably differs from one another by at least a factor of two.
  • the overall release profile for the respective active ingredient can be adjusted in the desired form by the choice of the active ingredient salts and their quantitative ratios in the common dosage form. This enables a therapy-appropriate division of the plasma level for an active ingredient, e.g. the setting of a plasma level which is as constant as possible over a longer period of time, a pulsed release with time-shifted plasma level peaks of the active ingredient or the setting of a
  • Plasma level of the active ingredient based on the circadian rhythm in the organism.
  • An active substance in the sense of the present invention is any substance which has an influence on biological, biochemical, chemical, physical or physiological processes or structures in the human or animal organism and can form a salt which is solid at 25 ° C. by reaction with an acid or base , This formation of active substance salt can also take place by reaction with a further active substance with the corresponding acid or base function.
  • the salt-forming active ingredient from the group of salt-forming pharmaceutical active ingredients, vitamins, nutrients,
  • Minerals or diagnostics particularly preferably selected from the group of salt-forming pharmaceutical active ingredients.
  • the active substance is a salt-forming pharmaceutical active substance, it can preferably be selected from the group of salt-forming analgesics, anthelmintics, antiarrhythmics, antiasthmatics, antidepressants, antidiabetics, antidota, antiallergics, antitussives, antibiotics, antiemetics, antiinfectives, antihistamines, antihypertensives, antihypertensives, antihypertensives, antihypertensives, antihypertensives, antihypertensives, antihypertensives , antihypertensives , Anticoagulants, antirheumatics, antipyretics, anxiolytics, slimming agents, acid therapy drugs, antivertiginosa, antihemorrhagics, antifibrinolytics, hemostats, antihypoglycemics, antihypotonic drugs, antimycotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, expectorant blockers, expectorant blockers
  • the salt-forming pharmaceutical active ingredient is particularly preferably selected from the group of the acid-forming analgesics, anti-infectives or neuroleptics.
  • Preferred salt-forming analgesics are salt-forming opioids, compounds with opoid activity, or non-steroidal analgesics.
  • the salt-forming opioids or compounds with opioid activity Brifentanil, carfentanil, Fentatienil, lofentanil, Ocfentanil, Trefentanil, codeine, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, diphenoxylate, meptazinol, nalbuphine, pethidine (meperidine), tilidine, tramadol, Viminol, butorphanol, dextromoramide, dezocine , Diacetylmorphine (heroin), hydrocodone, hydromorphone, ketobemidone, levomethadone, levomethadyl, levorphanol, morphine, nalorphine, oxycodone, pentazocine, piritramide, alfentanil, buprenorphine, etorphine, fentanyl, remifentanil or. Tramadol or morphine can be used with particular preference
  • Promethazine can preferably be used as the salt-forming neuroleptic.
  • physiologically compatible active ingredient salts can be present as active ingredient salts in the oral, pharmaceutical dosage forms according to the invention.
  • Another active ingredient can also be used as a salt partner of the active ingredient used.
  • salts are preferably selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, tartrate, teoclate, embonate, formate, acetate, propionate, benzoate, oxalate, succinate, citrate, diclofenacate, naproxenate, salicylate, glutamate, fumarate, acetylsalicylate Aspartate, glutarate, stearate, butyrate, malonate, lactate, mesylate, saccharinate, cyclamate or acesulfamate, particularly preferably from the group of chloride, sulfate, saccharinate, teociate, embonate, diclofenacate, naproxenate or salicylate.
  • tramadol hydrochloride as salts of one and the same active ingredient,
  • Tramadol saccharinate and tramadol diciofenacate or morphine hydrochloride, morphine saccharinate and morphine sulfate coexist.
  • tramadol hydrochloride and tramadol saccharinate or tramadol hydrochloride and tramadol diciofenacate can coexist as salts of one and the same active ingredient in the oral dosage forms according to the invention.
  • an alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt, ammonium salt, iron salt or aluminum salt of the active ingredient particularly preferably an alkali metal salt, very particularly preferably the sodium or potassium salt of the active ingredient, can likewise preferably be present as the active ingredient salt.
  • the controlled total release of the active ingredient from the oral dosage forms according to the invention can also be modified in that at least one of the active ingredient salts, preferably several to all or all of the active ingredient salts, are present in the dosage forms in retarded form.
  • the oral dosage form can also be preferably retarded when all active substance salts are formulated together to form the dosage form according to the invention.
  • the retardation takes place by means of a retarding coating and / or by embedding in a retarding matrix.
  • the retarding coating is preferably based on a water-insoluble, optionally modified natural or synthetic polymer, optionally in combination with a customary plasticizer or on a natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic wax or fat or fatty alcohol or a mixture of at least two of the above components.
  • Poly (meth) acrylates particularly preferably poly (C ⁇ -4) alkyl (meth) acrylates, poly (C ⁇ -) dialkylamino- (C ⁇ -) alkyl (meth) acrylates and, are preferably used as water-insoluble polymers for producing a retarding coating / or copolymers thereof, preferably ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 2: 1 (Eudragit NE30D ®), ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate / trimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate chloride copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2: 0.1 (Eudragit RS ® ),
  • coating materials are available on the market as 30% by weight aqueous latex dispersions, ie as Eudragit RS30D ® , Eudragit NE30D ® or Eudragit RL30D ® , and as such are preferably used as coating material.
  • the retarding coatings can also be based on water-insoluble cellulose derivatives, preferably alkyl celluloses such as ethyl cellulose, or cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate.
  • the coatings made of ethyl cellulose are preferably applied from aqueous pseudolatex dispersion.
  • Aqueous ethyl cellulose pseudolatex dispersions are considered 30 % By weight dispersions (Aquacoat ® ) or as 25% by weight dispersions (Surelease ® ) on the market.
  • the retarding coating can preferably be
  • the coating dispersion or solution can have, in addition to the corresponding polymer, a customary, physiologically compatible plasticizer known to the person skilled in the art in order to obtain the necessary
  • Suitable plasticizers are, for example, lipophilic diesters of an aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid with C 6 -C 0 and an aliphatic alcohol
  • C ⁇ -C 8 such as dibutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate or diethyl sebacate, hydrophilic or lipophilic esters of citric acid such as triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate or acetyltriethyl citrate, polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol, esters of glycerol, such as triacetin, Myvacet ® (acetylated mono- and diglycerides, C 23 H 44 ⁇ 5 to C 25 H 47 0), medium-chain triglycerides (Miglyol ® ), oleic acid or mixtures of at least two of the plasticizers mentioned.
  • Triethyl citrate is preferably used as the plasticizer for aqueous dispersions of Eudragit RS ® and, if appropriate, Eudragit RL ® .
  • the retarding coating preferably contains the plasticizer (s) in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 40% by weight and very particularly preferably 10 to 30% by weight, based on the amount of the polymer (s) used. In individual cases, for example for cellulose acetate, higher amounts of plasticizers, preferably up to 110% by weight, can also be used.
  • the retarding coating can contain other customary auxiliaries known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, lubricants, preferably talc or glycerol monostearate, color pigments, preferably iron oxides or titanium dioxide, surfactants such as Tween 80® or auxiliaries for modulating the film properties, such as water-soluble pore formers, for example lactose , Polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG 1000) or sucrose.
  • auxiliaries known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, lubricants, preferably talc or glycerol monostearate, color pigments, preferably iron oxides or titanium dioxide, surfactants such as Tween 80® or auxiliaries for modulating the film properties, such as water-soluble pore formers, for example lactose , Polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG 1000) or sucrose.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention can also contain at least one active ingredient salt, preferably several to all active ingredient salts in a retarding matrix, preferably evenly distributed.
  • Physiologically compatible, hydrophilic materials which are known to the person skilled in the art can preferably be used as matrix materials.
  • the retarding matrix is particularly preferably based on cellulose ethers, cellulose esters and / or acrylic resins, very particularly preferably on ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, poly (meth) acrylic acid and / or their salts, amides and / or esters.
  • Physiologically compatible hydrophobic materials which are known to the person skilled in the art can likewise preferably be used as matrix materials.
  • the matrix is particularly preferably based on hydrophobic polymers
  • Waxes fats, long-chain fatty acids, fatty alcohols or corresponding esters or ethers or their mixtures, particularly preferably on mono- or diglycerides of C 2 -C 30 fatty acids and / or C 2 -C 3u fatty alcohols and / or waxes or mixtures thereof.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention contain active ingredient salts whose acid component is a weaker acid than the hydrochloric acid which occurs in the stomach of the human or animal organism, these should have a protective coating which is preferably enteric-resistant.
  • a protective coating which is preferably enteric-resistant.
  • the gastro-resistant coatings cause the oral dosage forms according to the invention to pass through the gastrointestinal tract undissolved and the active ingredient to be released only in the intestinal tract.
  • the enteric coating preferably dissolves at a pH of 5 to 7.5.
  • the desired total release profile can be checked by the person skilled in the art by simple in vitro preliminary tests with the aid of the known measuring method for determining the active ingredient release and adjusted accordingly.
  • An enteric coating preferably consists of
  • Methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 1 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 (Eudragit L ®), methacrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymers with a
  • Coating applied in addition to the corresponding polymer may have one of the plasticizers mentioned above.
  • the sustained release coating materials listed above can also be used as a protective coating against gastric acid can be used in different thicknesses known to those skilled in the art.
  • the sustained release and / or protective coatings of the oral dosage forms according to the invention can be prepared by the customary methods known to those skilled in the art, such as e.g. be applied by spraying on solutions, dispersions or suspensions, by melting processes or by powder application processes.
  • the solutions, dispersions or suspensions can be used in the form of aqueous or organic solutions or dispersions.
  • Aqueous dispersions are preferably used.
  • Alcohols for example ethanol or isopropanol, ketones, e.g. Acetone, esters, e.g. ethyl acetate, chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. Dichloromethane can be used, alcohols and ketones being preferably used. It is also possible to use mixtures of at least two of the solvents mentioned above.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of tablets, chewable tablets, chewing gums, dragées or powder, optionally filled into capsules, particularly preferably in the form of tablets.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in multiparticulate form, preferably in the form of microtablets, microcapsules, granules, active ingredient crystals or pellets, particularly preferably in the form of
  • Microtablets, granules or pellets possibly filled into capsules or compressed into tablets. If the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of granules or pellets, they can preferably have a size in the range from 0.1 to 3 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.5 to 2 mm.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of microtablets, they can preferably have a diameter in the range from 0.5 to 5 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 1 to 3 mm and very particularly preferably in the range from 1 to 2 mm.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of active ingredient crystals, microparticles, micropellets or microcapsules, these can preferably have a diameter in the range from 10 ⁇ m to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 15 ⁇ m to 0.5 mm and very particularly preferably in the range from 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention can also contain the customary auxiliaries known to those skilled in the art as further constituents.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of tablets or microtablets, these may contain, as further auxiliaries, preferably microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose ether, lactose, starch and starch derivatives, sugar alcohols, calcium hydrogen phosphate and the customary binders, flow regulating agents, lubricants and, if appropriate, disintegrants.
  • auxiliaries preferably microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose ether, lactose, starch and starch derivatives, sugar alcohols, calcium hydrogen phosphate and the customary binders, flow regulating agents, lubricants and, if appropriate, disintegrants.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of pellets, granules or micropellets, these may contain, as further auxiliaries, preferably microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose ether, lactose, starch and starch derivatives, sugar alcohols, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fatty alcohols, esters of glycerol or fatty acid esters. If the oral dosage forms according to the invention are in the form of microcapsules or microparticles, they can contain the customary auxiliaries known to the person skilled in the art, depending on the type of process used for their preparation.
  • the active ingredient salts and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries are preferably mixed homogeneously in a high-speed mixer or in the rotor fluidized bed.
  • the formulation is then carried out according to various methods known to the person skilled in the art and, if appropriate, the application of the preferably enteric protective coatings from the coating materials mentioned above is carried out according to the methods given above.
  • the different solid active ingredient salts are preferably mixed homogeneously, processed into granules by means of wet, dry or melt granulation and pressed into tablets or prepared by direct tableting of the active ingredient salts, optionally with further auxiliaries.
  • the tablets can preferably be produced by pressing optionally coated pellets, active ingredient crystals, microparticles or microcapsules.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention in the form of pellets can preferably be prepared by mixing the active ingredient salts, extrusion and spheronization, by pelletizing or by direct pelletization in a high-speed mixer or in the rotor fluidized bed.
  • the production of the pellets by extrusion of moist masses and subsequent spheronization is particularly preferred.
  • Microcapsules are produced by customary microencapsulation methods, such as spray drying, spray solidification or coacervation.
  • the retarding coating is preferably applied in such a way that the multiparticulate forms containing the salts of the active ingredient after their preparation with the respective polymers and optionally other auxiliaries from aqueous and / or organic media, preferably from aqueous media, coated with the aid of the fluidized bed process and preferably drying the coating at the same time at usual temperatures in the fluidized bed, without subsequently annealing the coating.
  • the coating for poly (meth) acrylate coatings is preferably dried at an inlet air temperature in the range from 30 to 50 ° C., particularly preferably in the range from 35 to 45 ° C.
  • drying is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 50 to 80 ° C., particularly preferably in the range from 55 to 65 ° C.
  • Wax coatings can be applied in the fluidized bed by enamel coating and can be cooled at temperatures below the respective melting range after the coating to complete solidification. Wax coatings can also be applied by spraying their solutions in organic solvents.
  • the amount of the active ingredient to be administered to the patient varies depending on the type of active ingredient used, the weight of the patient, the indication and, if appropriate, the severity of the pain or the disease.
  • the amount of the active ingredient to be administered and its total release from the salts of the active ingredient are preferably adjusted such that the oral dosage forms according to the invention have to be administered at most twice, preferably only once a day.
  • the oral dosage forms according to the invention have the advantage that the active ingredient can be released in a controlled manner according to the desired overall release profile, for example pulsatile or multi-phase over a certain period of time, without the need for complex, separate formulation steps for the active ingredient.
  • the water solubility of the active ingredient salts was determined as follows:
  • Such a large amount of the respective active ingredient salt was added to ion-free water at 25 ° C (e.g. for tramadol saccharinate approx. 1 g to 10 ml of ion-free water) that a solution saturated at this temperature was formed, which can also be stirred after 20 hours at 25 ° C was saturated.
  • the amount of the respective active ingredient salt required for this can, if necessary, be determined by preliminary tests.
  • a part of the clear supernatant thus obtained is transferred to an HPLC sample vial and the concentration of the active ingredient salt is determined against a corresponding standard.
  • the dosage form according to the invention was tested in the basket apparatus of Pharm. Eur. At a temperature of the release medium of 37 ⁇ 0.5 ° C. at a speed of 50 revolutions per minute for 2 hours in 600 ml of artificial gastric juice without enzymes at pH 1.2. The dosage form was then tested for a further 8 hours in 900 ml of artificial intestinal juice without enzymes at pH 7.2. The each too The amount of active ingredient released at one point in time was determined by HPLC. The values shown are the mean values from 3 samples each. In the following the invention will be explained with the aid of examples. These explanations are only examples and do not limit the general idea of the invention.
  • tramadol hydrochloride 50 g of tramadol hydrochloride, 280 g of [1e- (m-methoxyphenyl) -2e-dimethyaminomethyl-cyclohexan-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloraniiino) phenyl acetate] (tramadol diciofenacate) and 330 g Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101 ® , FMC) are mixed homogeneously in a Kenwood Chef mixer for 10 minutes and then granulated with a sufficient amount of demineralized water, so that granules suitable for extrusion and spheronization are obtained.
  • the moist granulate is extruded in the NICA E140 extruder with a 1.0 x 2.0 mm extrusion die and the moist extrudate is spheronized in the NICA Spheroniser type S450.
  • the pellets are then dried in a drying cabinet at 50 ° C. for 24 hours.
  • the yield of pellets by sieve fractionation with a particle size in the range from 800 to 1250 ⁇ m is> 90%.
  • the release profile was determined in the cup apparatus in accordance with the method given above and is shown in Table 1 below and in FIG. 1 (in% of the total dose, calculated as tramadol hydrochloride). Deviating from the conditions described above, the coated pellets were tested for 18 hours in artificial intestinal juice without enzymes at pH 7.2.
  • 710 mg of the enteric-coated pellets contain 50 mg tramadol hydrochloride and 280 mg [le- (m-methoxyphenyl) - 2e-dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexan-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloroanilino ) - phenyl acetate] corresponding to a total amount of active ingredient of 200 mg tramadol hydrochloride.
  • tramadol hydrochloride 50 g tramadol hydrochloride, 280 g 1e- (m-methoxyphenyl) -2e-dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexan-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloroanilino) phenyl acetate, 120 g lactose monohydrate, 90 g Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101 ® , FMC) and 90 g colloidal microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel RC 591 ® , FMC) are mixed homogeneously in a Kenwood Chef mixer for 10 minutes and then with a sufficient amount of demineralized water granulated so that a granulate suitable for extrusion and spheronization is obtained.
  • the moist granulate is extruded in the NICA E140 extruder with a 1.0 x 2.0 mm extrusion die and the moist extrudate is spheronized in the NICA Spheroniser type S450.
  • the pellets are then dried in a drying cabinet at 50 ° C. for 24 hours.
  • the yield of pellets by sieve fractionation with a particle size in the range from 800 to 1250 ⁇ m is> 90%.
  • 500 g of these pellets (800 to 1250 ⁇ m) are in the fluidized bed (Hüttlin HKC05) with an aqueous dispersion of the following composition at an inlet air temperature of 60 ° C up to a weight gain of 2.4% by weight (based on the initial weight of the pellets).
  • Aqueous dispersion for 500 g pellets 500 g pellets:
  • the release profile was determined according to the method given above in the
  • the applied ethyl cellulose coating does not cause any retardation of the active ingredient salts, but merely has the effect that the [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloroanilino) phenylacetate ion is not displaced from its salt by the gastric acid.
  • the active ingredient tramadol is released very quickly from the very easily water-soluble tramadol hydrochloride, from the much less soluble 1e- (m-methoxyphenyl) -2e-dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexane-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6' - dichloranilino) phenylacetate, the tramadol is released in a delayed manner over a period of 10 hours.
  • the moist granulate is extruded in the NICA E140 extruder with a 1.0 x 2.0 mm extrusion die and the moist extrudate is spheronized in the NICA Spheroniser type S450.
  • the pellets are then dried in a drying cabinet at 50 ° C. for 24 hours.
  • the yield of pellets by sieve fractionation with a particle size in the range from 800 to 1000 ⁇ m is> 90%.
  • Aqueous dispersion for 500 g pellets 500 g pellets:
  • 219 mg of the enteric-coated pellets contain 10 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 94 mg of 1e- (m-methoxyphenyl) -2e- dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexan-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloroanilino) -phenylacetate corresponding to a total amount of active ingredient of 60 mg tramadol hydrochloride.
  • the enteric coating ensures that the active ingredient tramadol is not released during the test in artificial gastric juice.
  • the active ingredient tramadol from tramadol hydrochloride becomes very quickly, from [1e- (m-methoxyphenyl) -2e-dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexane-1 (a) -ol] - [2- (2 ', 6'-dichloroanilino ) -phenylacetate] released over a period of 8 hours.
  • Aqueous dispersion for 500 g pellets 500 g pellets:
  • the release profile was determined in the basket apparatus in accordance with the method given above and is shown in Table 4 below and in FIG. 4 (in% of the total dose, calculated as tramadol hydrochloride):
  • 327 mg of the pellets provided with an enteric coating contain 15 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 127 mg of tramadol saccharinate, corresponding to a total amount of active ingredient of 100 mg of tramadol hydrochloride.
  • tramadol hydrochloride 50 g of tramadol hydrochloride, 526 g of tramadol saccharinate and 384g of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101 ® , FMC) are mixed homogeneously in a Kenwood Chef mixer for 10 minutes and then granulated with a sufficient amount of demineralized water, so that one is suitable for extrusion and spheronization Receives granules.
  • the moist granulate is in the NICA E140 extruder with a 1.0 x 2.0 mm
  • Aqueous dispersion for 500 g pellets 500 g pellets:
  • Triethyl citrate 10.6 g glycerol monostearate 3.0 g
  • the release profile was determined in the basket apparatus in accordance with the method given above and is shown in Table 5 below and in FIG. 5 (in% of the total dose, calculated as tramadol hydrochloride): Table 5
  • 549 mg of the coated pellets contain 25 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 263 mg of tramadol saccharinate, corresponding to a total amount of 200 mg of tramadol hydrochloride.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des formes galéniques orales, assurant une libération globale contrôlée d'un principe actif. Ce dernier se présente sous la forme d'au moins deux sels différents qui sont présents à l'état d'agrégat solide dans la forme galénique et assurent une libération différente in vitro de ce principe actif.
EP00964052A 1999-08-31 2000-08-29 Formes galeniques orales Ceased EP1207858A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19940740 1999-08-31
DE19940740A DE19940740A1 (de) 1999-08-31 1999-08-31 Pharmazeutische Salze
DE19940944A DE19940944B4 (de) 1999-08-31 1999-08-31 Retardierte, orale, pharmazeutische Darreichungsformen
DE19940944 1999-08-31
DE10023699A DE10023699A1 (de) 1999-08-31 2000-05-16 Retardierte Darreichungsform enthaltend Tramadolsaccharinat
DE10023699 2000-05-16
PCT/EP2000/008402 WO2001015667A1 (fr) 1999-08-31 2000-08-29 Formes galeniques orales

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EP00949447A Expired - Lifetime EP1207866B1 (fr) 1999-08-31 2000-08-03 Forme d'administration a action retardee contenant du saccharinate de tramadol
EP00964052A Ceased EP1207858A1 (fr) 1999-08-31 2000-08-29 Formes galeniques orales

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