EP1201819A1 - Method and installation for manufacturing an impervious bituminous sheet and sheet obtained thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

A process and an installation for the production of a bituminous sealing sheet, comprises an armature impregnated and/or coated with a given bitumen and having a zone in the shape or a band or a portion of a band of a different bitumen from the first bitumen. An armature strip (2) is produced which is impregnated and/or coated except for at least one zone in the form of a strip or a strip portion (4) on at least one of its surfaces (2', 2''), having a thinner thickness of bitumen (3, 3') or no application of bitumen (3, 3'), to be used at the at least one strip or strip portion (4), over a controlled thickness, a different bitumen (5) from that initially applied and finally, after cooling and solidification of the eventually added bitumen (5), processing the resulting sheet or sealed membrane (11) in the desired form, the processing operations being carried out by continuous movement of the armature (2) in an installation (6) or suitable coating line comprising at least two coating stations (7, 7', 8).

Description

The present invention relates to the field of products bituminous waterproofing, and relates to a process for manufacturing a bituminous waterproofing sheet or membrane, an installation for its implementation, a sheet or membrane obtained by this process, as well a roof waterproofing system comprising such sheets or membranes.

Current bituminous sheets or membranes are generally made by pulling a coating support (for example a fibrous or filamentary reinforcement) through a coating line comprising at least one, and preferably several, station (s) of coating each formed from a tank containing bitumen or a mixture or a bitumen-based composition in liquid form in which quenching an inking roller or rotary coating on which the said passes frame while scrolling.

Each coating roller thus applies a layer of bitumen on the underside of the reinforcement while liquid bitumen is also dumped on the upper face by means of tubs or spillage, the bitumen being immediately after application and before force-impregnated cooling in the reinforcement by means for example of two opposite calenders determining the thickness of the bitumen layers in scraping the surplus and smoothing the faces of said impregnated reinforcement and coated.

After cooling and solidification of the bitumen layers, said impregnated and / or coated reinforcement is sectioned into segments of determined lengths forming as many sheets or membranes individual, generally wound in rolls for storage, transport and handling, and carried out on site before their installation.

These bituminous sheets are applied to the substrates to cover and laterally welded together by heating their undersides with a blowtorch to make the corresponding layer of bitumen fluid.

However, this method of attachment is tedious and the presence an open flame is always an important risk factor.

In addition, many supports or components to be sealed are more or less flammable or do not resist the heat produced by a blowtorch.

To try to overcome these drawbacks, it has been proposed sheets and membranes with self-adhesive undersides over their entire surface, for example example by applying cold adhesive bitumen. However, this surface adhesion can lead to too much contact intimacy between the support and these sheets or membranes, not allowing a distribution of the tensions, nor relative movements between them, or a diffusion of any gas pockets present on the undersides.

In addition, the entire underside must be covered by a expensive peelable protective sheet, which may be removed tedious on site and generating a lot of waste. In addition, a good quality of fixation can only be obtained during the first attempt at joining, the level of tightness obtained at the level of overlapping edges between adjacent sheets and membranes partially overlapping in neighboring regions, is not comparable to that obtained by hot welding and the use in large quantity of self-adhering cold bitumen increases the cost price.

In an attempt to remedy the above mentioned limitations, various improved solutions have been proposed, namely, sheets self-adhesive sealant with a heat-sealable strip at the edge (see in particular: EP-A-0 352 394), sealing sheets not having on the underside as spaced strips of self-adhesive bitumen or even sealing sheets mechanically fixed along one of their edges (the opposite edge of the adjacent sheet covering these fasteners with a heat-sealable braid to ensure watertightness).

However, the first and third solutions mentioned above recommend a return to the use of torches and the second solution generates surface inequalities due to the extra thickness at the self-adhesive bitumen strips attached on the underside and do not give sufficient mechanical resistance to tearing due to the small surface of adhesion linked to a joining by simple deposition of said strips of self-adhesive bitumen on the lower layer of bitumen.

The problem posed with the present invention therefore consists in propose a method of manufacturing a waterproofing sheet or membrane having on at least one of its faces at least one strip of bitumen with different properties, without excess thickness or with reduced thickness and having an intimate connection with said membrane or sheet.

To this end, the main object of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a waterproofing sheet or membrane bituminous comprising a reinforcement impregnated and / or coated with at least a bitumen, or at least a mixture based on bitumen, given on at least one of its faces and having at least one zone in the form of a strip or strip portion in bitumen, or in a bitumen-based mixture, different from said bitumen (s) or mixture (s) applied first, on at least one of its faces, a process characterized in that it consists, in produce an impregnated and / or coated reinforcement strip with the exception of at least one zone in the form of a strip or portion of strip on at least one of its faces, having a lesser bitumen thickness or having no bitumen application, to be reported at the level of said at least one strip or portion of strip, over a controlled thickness, a bitumen or a mixture based on bitumen different from that or those applied previously and, finally, after cooling and solidification bitumens or bitumen-based mixtures, to condition the sheet or the resulting waterproofing membrane in the desired form.

Preferably, all of the processing operations above are carried out, in known manner, by continuous scrolling of the reinforcement in a suitable installation or coating line comprising minus two coating stations.

les figures 1A et 1B sont des vues schématiques en élévation latérale d'une ligne d'enduction ou d'une partie d'une ligne d'enduction pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon deux modes de réalisation de l'invention;

la figure 2 est une vue selon la direction X d'une partie des installations représentées sur les figures 1 ;

les figures 3A et 3B sont des vues en coupe transversale respectivement selon B-B et C-C d'un mode de réalisation de l'armature enduite au moyen des installations représentées sur les figures 1, et,

la figure 4 est une vue en élévation latérale et en coupe d'un système d'étanchéité comportant notamment des feuilles obtenues au moyen du procédé selon l'invention.

The invention will be better understood from the description below, which relates to a preferred embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:

Figures 1A and 1B are schematic side elevational views of a coating line or part of a coating line for the implementation of the method according to two embodiments of the invention;

Figure 2 is a view in direction X of a portion of the facilities shown in Figures 1;

FIGS. 3A and 3B are views in transverse section respectively along BB and CC of an embodiment of the coated reinforcement by means of the installations shown in FIGS. 1, and,

Figure 4 is a side elevational view in section of a sealing system comprising in particular sheets obtained by the method according to the invention.

The present invention essentially relates to a method of manufacture of a bituminous waterproofing sheet or membrane 1 comprising a reinforcement 2 impregnated and / or coated with at least one bitumen, or at least a mixture based on bitumen, given 3, 3 'on at least one of its faces 1 ', 1 "and having, on at least one of its faces 1', 1", at minus a zone 4 in the form of a strip or portion of a strip of bitumen, or a mixture based on bitumen 5, different from said bitumen (s) or mixture (s) applied first 3, 3 '.

In accordance with the invention, and as shown, as non-limiting variant, Figures 1 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, said method consists in producing an impregnated and / or coated reinforcement strip 2 substantially uniformly across its width except at least a zone in the form of a strip or a portion of strip 4 on at least one of its faces 2 ', 2 ", having a thickness of bitumen 3, 3' less important or with no 3, 3 'bitumen application, to be reported at the level of said at least one strip or portion of strip 4, over a thickness bitumen or a mixture based on bitumen 5 different from that or of those impregnating and coating the rest of the strip of the frame (2) and, finally, after cooling the bitumens or bitumen-based mixtures 3, 3 ', 5, condition the resulting sheet or sealing membrane 1 under the desired shape.

These processing operations are preferably carried out by continuous scrolling of the armature 2 in an installation 6 or line adapted coating comprising at least two coating stations 7 and 8.

The packaging will generally be done by cutting transverse of the continuous strip formed by the frame 2 coated with both or several types of bitumen 3, 3 'and 5 in length segments specified rolls or presented in the form of flexible plates.

Bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 5 applied later may present, with respect to the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 'initial (s) permeating and coating the frame 2, a composition and / or different physical, chemical and / or mechanical properties in depending on the particular effects sought at the level of said one or more strip (s) or portion (s) of strip 4 (cold adhesive properties, greater flexibility, increased elongation factor, increased mechanical strength, higher density, greater rigidity, improved heat resistance, ...).

It may be the same when it is planned to apply several layers of bitumens 3, 3 ′ compatible with each other, but capable of have different mechanical and / or physico-chemical properties.

Provision may also be made, where appropriate, for applying consecutively several layers of bitumens or mixtures 5, having identical or different formulations.

However, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bitumen or mixture based on bitumen 5 reported later consists in bitumen or a mixture based on adhesive or self-adhesive bitumen to cold, the zone (s) in the form of a strip (s) or portion (s) of strip 4 receiving said bitumen or self-adhesive mixture 5 being covered before packaging of a peelable protective sheet, for example of the type silicone paper (not shown).

Likewise, the armature 2 used, in the form of a strip, could be of various natures and constitutions, namely, in particular tablecloth nonwoven or grid of fibers or filament of polymeric material or minerals, with a single-layer, multi-layer or complex structure (combination of a grid or a sheet with a film or a sheet, pierced or continuous, in a metallic, thermoplastic or other material), with component (s) single or multiple, linked or separate, ...

In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 1A of the accompanying drawings, the application of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 3, 3 'is produced, at least in part, using one or more coaters, in particular of the roller or calender type setback, applying said bitumen or mixture 3, 3 'only on a part or parts of the width of said reinforcing strip 2.

This will result in differences in bitumen thicknesses or of mixture 3, 3 'applied generating, depending on the number of zone (s), in strip or portion of strip 4, a pattern of ribs / grooves or a simple offset at the level of the face 2 'or 2 ".

According to a second embodiment of the invention (Figure 1B), the production of the reinforcing strip 2 impregnated and / or coated having at least one strip or portion of strip 4 without bitumen or reduced bitumen thickness consists, after coating or impregnating said reinforcement 2 by said at least one bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 3, 3 ', in one or more applications (change to one or more several coating stations 7, 7 ', applying bitumens or mixtures identical or different), to be removed locally, over a width and a preset depth, partially or totally, said at least one bitumen or mixture 3, 3 'on at least one of the faces 2', 2 "of the said reinforcement 2, at at least one zone substantially in the form of a strip or portion of strip 4, for example by scraping or scraping, before cooling and solidification.

As shown in FIG. 1B of the accompanying drawings, removal of bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) 3, 3 ' applied initially is carried out using a scraper or doctor blade 9 located immediately after the coating station or the last station coating 7 with bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) 3, 3 ' initials and pressed against the impregnated and coated frame 2 scrolling on or under said squeegee or said doctor blade 9, the latter possibly taking directly supported on said frame 2 used as a scraping support and preferably being adjustable transversely (perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web 2).

The scraping may possibly remove only part of the layer of bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 'on the 1' or 1 "face concerned with the sheet or membrane 1.

However, preferably, scraping will eliminate the whole of said layer at the level of the zone (s) 4 concerned with so as to expose the corresponding face 2 'or 2 "of the frame 2 and authorize an attachment and an intimate connection between the latter and the bitumen or mixture based on bitumen 5 subsequently reported at the level of this or these zone (s) 4 clear (s), from which it results a joining high strength mechanical, combined with chemical bonding resulting from the very nature of said bitumen or mixture 5 and of a possible mixing of phases at bitumen (s) 3, 3 '/ bitumen interfaces 5.

As is apparent from the two embodiments which precede zone (s) 4 can be located in different places of the sheet or membrane 1, that is to say on the upper face 1 'or lower 1 ", in the center or on the sides, be single or multiple, continuous or segmented, etc ...

According to a first alternative embodiment, shown in FIG. 3B of the appended drawings, zone 4 receiving the bitumen or the mixture with bitumen base 5 reported later consists of a side strip continuous forming a longitudinal border of the sheet or membrane 1 final seal and located on the underside or on the face lower 1 "of the latter.

According to a second alternative embodiment, not shown in attached drawings, the zone (s) 4 receiving the bitumen or the base mixture bitumen 5 reported later consists of one or more strip (s) extending longitudinally on the underside 1 "of the membrane or sealing sheet 1, if necessary distributed transversely with fixed or variable spacings between them.

To obtain a waterproofing sheet or membrane 1 with a substantially constant thickness, it can be expected that the thickness of the added layer of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 5 subsequently either approximately equal to the thickness of the bitumen layer (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) 3, 3 'initially present and removed by scraping or scraping.

However, it can also be provided, as a variant, that the thickness of the layer of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 5 reported later is different from the thickness of the layer of bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) 3.3 '.

Thus, a lower thickness will allow for example make up at least part of the excess thickness resulting from a border overlap or the presence of fixing means 11 prominent mechanicals, while ensuring a bond by more intimate at the level of a strip 4 in self-adhesive bitumen 5 in contact with the upper surface of a border of an adjacent leaf.

The invention therefore makes it possible to perfectly control the thickness of the sheet or membrane 1 at the level of the zone (s) 4.

To further strengthen the bond between the bitumen or bitumen mixture 5 reported later and the body of the sheet or the membrane 1, in particular the frame 2 of the latter, the method may also consist in treating or preparing the bottom 4 'of the groove obtained either after local removal of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) bitumen base 3, 3 'initially present, or by non-local application of this or these latter, before applying the layer of bitumen or mix of different bitumen 5 (use of a binding agent specific, removal of a component or treatment of the reinforcement 2, ...).

Possible preparation of the bottom 4 'of the groove or dropout obtained could, for example, consist in applying, after scraping, sand (or similar grainy material) on the surface produced by scraping.

At least part of the sand gets caught in the bitumen not still solidified from the bottom surface of the groove and the excess (not hooked) is removed, for example by brushing.

This gives a grainy surface with a bonding capacity. high forming a fixing support for the layer or layers of bitumen 5 different.

Although described more particularly in relation to one or two bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 ', the skilled person will understand that the or the bituminous layers added on the face (s) of the reinforcement 2 can also be obtained by successive applications of three or more elementary layers of bitumens or different mixtures or identical.

Likewise, the bitumen or mixture layer 5 may be obtained in a single or in several applications, and consist of several sub-layers in different bitumens or mixtures or identical.

• fourniture d'une armature composite polyester - grille de verre de 170 g/m² ayant une largeur d'un mètre ;
• imprégnation de l'armature avec un liant bitumineux fluide ;
• surfaçage avec un liant bitume / élastomère conforme aux exigences UEAtc. (obtention d'une membrane imprégnée d'épaisseur environ 2, 5 mm) ;
• raclage de la bordure de ce liant sur une largeur de 8 cm en sous-face de la membrane imprégnée ;
• application d'une protection de surface type film anti-adhérent ou paillettes d'ardoises ;
• application d'un film anti-adhérent en sous-face sur les 92 cm de bitume non raclé ;
• application, au niveau des 8 cm de bitume raclé, d'un bitume aux propriétés auto-adhésives ;
• protection de ce galon auto-adhésif par un papier Kraft siliconé de 10 cm de large.

By way of non-limiting practical example of implementation of the method according to the invention, provision may be made to execute the following operations:

• supply of a polyester composite reinforcement - glass grid of 170 g / m ² having a width of one meter;
• impregnation of the reinforcement with a fluid bituminous binder;
• surfacing with a bitumen / elastomer binder conforming to UEAtc requirements. (obtaining an impregnated membrane with a thickness of approximately 2.5 mm);
• scraping the edge of this binder over a width of 8 cm on the underside of the impregnated membrane;
• application of a surface protection such as non-stick film or slate flakes;
• application of a non-stick film on the underside of the 92 cm of un-scraped bitumen;
• application, at the level of the 8 cm of scraped bitumen, of a bitumen with self-adhesive properties;
• protection of this self-adhesive braid with 10 cm wide silicone Kraft paper.

The subject of the present invention is also, as the partially show Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings, an installation 6 for the production of bituminous membranes or waterproofing sheets for the implementation of the second embodiment of the method described above, including in particular a bituminous coating line comprising a or several consecutive coating station (s) 7, 7 ′ crossed by a strip 2 reinforcement continues to coat, preferably on both sides, by at least a first bitumen or mixture based on bitumen given 3, 3 ', or by first and second bitumens or mixtures of bitumens 3 and 3'.

As shown in Figure 1B of the accompanying drawings, this installation 6 further comprises, on the one hand, a doctor blade or a scraper 9 placed immediately after the coating station or the last station coating 7 with said at least one first bitumen or mixture 3 and intended to remove a preset thickness of bitumen (s) or mixture (s) bitumen-based 3, 3 'present on at least one side 2 "of said reinforcement 2 and at at least one zone 4 in the form of a strip and, on the other hand, an additional coating station 8 intended to apply a layer bitumen or bitumen-based mixture 5 different from bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 'scraped (s) at the level of said at least one shaped area strip 4, and located downstream of the last coating station 7 applying the or one of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 'of initial coating and upstream of a any packaging station also part of said manufacturing facility 6.

The scraper 9 may have a given shape, be oriented in a predetermined direction relative to the sliding frame 2 and be applied with a preset pressure against the latter, depending the quantity and location of the layer of bitumen (s) or mixture (s) 3, 3 'to be removed.

Advantageously, this scraper 9 can also be adjusted in transverse position to allow precise location of the strip to scrape.

As an alternative to using a doctor blade or a doctor blade 9, it can also be provided according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 1A of the accompanying drawings, to provide the coating station (s) 7.7 'with 3 "grooved or notched calenders applying little or no 3.3 'bitumen at the level of the strip or portion of strip 4 forming the longitudinal reinforcement intended to receive the bitumen or mixture based on bitumen 5 different, said 7,7 'post (s) being followed by a post additional coating 8 as described above.

The installation 6 for implementing the invention may be expressly built for the production of sheets or membranes 1 or result from the addition of a fixed additional processing station 8 to a existing installation.

However, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the installation according to the invention, the coating station additional 8 is movable or retractable or removable and includes in particular a coating or an inking roller 8 'bathing in the bitumen or mixture of different bitumen 5 in the liquid state, for example example of the cold self-adhesive bitumen type, the surface of which is scraped off, after impregnation and before application against the reinforcement 2, with a doctor blade 8 " whose shape and dimensions of the cutout 8 "'from the front edge is depending on the shape, layout and dimensions of the zone (s) 4 scraped (s) and the thickness of the layer of bitumen or mixture bitumen 5 to be brought to the level of said zone (s) 4.

The installation 6 according to the invention can therefore be obtained at from a conventional coating line, by simply adding the scraper 9 or mounting of 3 "recessed calenders and additional station 8. In providing the latter as mobile or removable, it will be possible to quickly modify the coating line to go from production conventional to a production of sheets or membranes 1 according to the invention, or vice versa.

The production of a strip 4 of cold adhesive bitumen in longitudinal edge of the sheet or membrane 1 can be made by forming a longitudinal strip 4 at a certain distance from the edge of reinforcement 2 impregnated and coated and then cutting a lateral braid to bring said strip 4 to the edge of 1 sheet or membrane 1 (Fig. 3B).

However, according to a preferred embodiment limiting falls, scraping and applying the bitumen layer 5 will be carried out by micrometric adjustment of the doctor blade and the device of application at the longitudinal edge of the sheet to be coated.

Several scraper assemblies may also be provided 9 / coating station 8 consecutive or a scraper 9 and several stations 8 consecutive coating, each station 8 can apply one or several strips 4 in different bitumens, said strips being distinct and separated or possibly confused (laminated strip formed of several layers of different bitumens).

Optionally, one of the stations 8 may also apply a coating product compatible with bitumen, but of a different nature (e.g. polymer or other thermoplastic material).

The present invention also relates, as shown in particular Figures 3 (3A and 3B) of the accompanying drawings, a sheet or bituminous waterproofing membrane 1 comprising a reinforcement 2 impregnated and / or coated with at least a first bitumen or base mixture of bitumen 3, 3 'given on at least one of its faces 1', 1 "and having minus a zone 4 in the form of a strip or portion of a strip of bitumen, or a mixture based on bitumen 5, different from said first and / or second bitumen or mixture 3, 3 'on at least one of its faces 1', 1 ".

This sheet or membrane 1 is characterized in that said at at least one strip or portion of strip 4 formed from said bitumen or mixture 5 different consists of a layer of the latter reported in at least one indentation in the form of a groove or a portion of a groove formed, by scraping or scraping, in the layer of bitumen (s) or mixture (s) based on bitumen 3, 3 'initially applied at the level of the upper face 1' or lower 1 "of said sealing sheet or membrane 1.

Of course, this sheet or membrane 1 is preferably obtained by means of the process described above and by means of the above-mentioned installation 6.

Finally, the invention also relates to a system waterproofing for roofs formed by one or more layers of sheets or bituminous waterproofing membranes, characterized in that at least the base layer in contact with the support to be covered 10 is formed of sheets or waterproofing membranes 1 described above, zone 4 in form of lateral strip comprising on the surface or on the underside a layer cold self-adhesive bitumen 5 covering or being covered by a zone in the form of a lateral strip of an adjacent sheet or membrane 1.

As shown in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings, the sheets or membranes 1 according to the invention may be fixed by fixings mechanical 11 along their longitudinal edges, the opposite edge presenting on the underside a strip 4 of self-adhesive bitumen intended for cover the mechanically fixed selvedge with the sheet or membrane 1 laterally adjacent.

Such a sealing layer is quick to install without require heating means, has a good seal at overlapping areas and is securely attached to the support 10 to cover, for example of the steel tub type covered with mineral wool.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the modes of embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, especially from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without leaving for as much of the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (16)

Method for manufacturing a bituminous waterproofing sheet or membrane comprising a reinforcement impregnated and / or coated with at least one bitumen, or at least one bitumen-based mixture, given on at least one of its faces and having at least one zone in the form of a strip or portion of a strip of bitumen, or of a mixture based on bitumen, different from said bitumen (s) or mixture (s) applied first, to the at least one of its faces, method characterized in that it consists in producing a reinforcement strip (2) impregnated and / or coated substantially uniformly with the exception of at least one zone in the form of a strip or portion strip (4) on at least one of its faces (2 ', 2 "), having a bitumen thickness (3, 3') less or having no application of bitumen (3, 3 '), add at the level of said at least one strip or portion of strip (4), over a controlled thickness, a bitumen or a bitu-based mixture me (5) different from that or those impregnating and coating the rest of the reinforcing strip (2) and, finally, after cooling the bitumens or bitumen-based mixtures (3, 3 ', 5), to condition the resulting sheet or sealing membrane (1) in the desired form. Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the application of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture (3, 3 ') is carried out, at least in part, by means of one or more coaters, in particular type roller or recessed calender, applying said bitumen or mixture (3, 3 ') only over part or parts of the width of said reinforcing strip (2). Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the production of the impregnated and / or coated reinforcing strip (2) having at least one strip or portion of strip (4) without bitumen or with reduced bitumen thickness consists , after coating or impregnating said reinforcing strip (2) with said at least one bitumen or bitumen-based mixture (3, 3 '), in one or more applications, over its entire surface, to be removed locally, on a preset width and depth, said at least one bitumen or mixture (3, 3 ') on at least one of the faces (2', 2 ") of said reinforcement (2), at at least one zone substantially in the form of a strip or portion of strip (4), for example by scraping or scraping, before cooling and solidification. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the removal of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) based on bitumen (3, 3 ') initially applied is carried out by means of a scraper or '' a doctor blade (9) located immediately after the coating station or the last coating station (7) with the bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) (3, 3 ') initials and pressed against the impregnated and coated armature (2), moving on or under said scraper or said doctor blade (9), this latter head possibly taking direct support on said armature (2) used as a scraper support and preferably being adjustable transversely. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the area (4) receiving the bitumen or the bitumen-based mixture (5) subsequently added consists of a continuous lateral strip forming a longitudinal border of the sheet or resulting final waterproofing membrane (1) located on the underside or on the underside (1 ") of the latter. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the zone (s) (4) receiving the bitumen or the bitumen-based mixture (5) subsequently added consists (s) of one or more strip (s) extending longitudinally on the underside (1 ") of the membrane or sealing sheet (1), being if necessary distributed transversely with fixed or variable spacings therebetween. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture (5) added later is approximately equal to the thickness of the layer of bitumen (s ) or bitumen-based mixture (s) (3, 3 ') initially present and removed by scraping or scraping. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of bitumen or bitumen-based mixture (5) added later is different from the thickness of the layer of bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) (3, 3 ') initially present and removed by scraping or scraping. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bitumen or mixture based on bitumen (5) subsequently added consists of bitumen or a mixture based on cold or self-adhesive bitumen, the zone or zones (s) in the form of a strip (s) or portion (s) of strip (4) receiving said bitumen or self-adhesive mixture (5) being covered before packaging with a peelable protective sheet, for example of the silicone paper type. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it consists in treating or preparing the bottom (4 ') of the groove obtained either after local removal of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) based on bitumen (3, 3 ') initially present, either by local application of this or these latter (s), this before application of the layer of bitumen or mixture based on different bitumen (5). Installation for manufacturing bituminous membranes or waterproofing sheets for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 10, comprising in particular a bituminous coating line comprising one or more post (s) consecutive coating (s) crossed by a reinforcement to be coated, preferably on its two faces, with at least one first bitumen or mixture based on given bitumen, characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand , a doctor blade or scraper (9) placed immediately after the coating station or the last coating station (7) with said at least one bitumen or mixture (3) and intended to remove a thickness preset bitumen (s) or bitumen-based mixture (s) (3, 3 ') present on at least one face (2 ") of said reinforcement (2) and at least a strip-shaped zone (4) and, on the other hand, an additional coating station (8) intended to apply a layer of b bitumen-based itume or mixture (5) different from bitumen (s) or mixture (s) (3, 3 ') scraped (s) at said at least one strip-shaped zone (4), and located downstream of the last coating station (7) applying the or one of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) (3, 3 ') of initial coating and upstream of a possible conditioning station also part of said manufacturing facility (6). Installation for manufacturing bituminous membranes or waterproofing sheets for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 5 to 10, comprising in particular a bituminous coating line comprising one or more station (s) of consecutive coating (s) crossed by a reinforcement to be coated, preferably on its two faces, with at least one first bitumen or mixture based on given bitumen, characterized in that said coating station (s) (7 , 7 ') is (are) provided with grooved or recessed calenders (3 ") applying no or very little bitumen (3.3') at the level of the strip or portion of strip (4) forming the longitudinal recess intended to receive the bitumen or mixture based on different bitumen (5) and in that it comprises an additional coating station (8) intended to apply a layer of bitumen or mixture based on bitumen ( 5) different from the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) (3, 3 ') rac strip (s) at said at least one strip-shaped zone (4), and located downstream of the last coating station (7) applying the or one of the bitumen (s) or mixture (s) ( 3, 3 ') of initial coating and upstream of a possible conditioning station also forming part of said manufacturing installation (6). Installation according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterized in that the additional coating station (8) is mobile or retractable or removable and includes in particular a coating or an ink roller (8 ') immersed in the bitumen or the bitumen mixture (5) different in the liquid state, for example of the cold self-adhesive bitumen type, and the surface of which is scraped off, after impregnation and before application against the reinforcement (2), by a doctor blade (8 ") the shape and dimensions of the cutout (8 "') of the front edge of which depends on the shape, layout and dimensions of the scraped area (s) (4) and the thickness of the layer of bitumen or bitumen mixture (5) to be added at the level of said zone (s) (4). Bituminous waterproofing sheet or membrane comprising a reinforcement impregnated and / or coated with at least a first bitumen or mixture based on bitumen given on at least one of its faces and having at least one zone in the form of a strip or portion of strip in a bitumen, or in a bitumen-based mixture, different from said first and / or second bitumen or mixture, on at least one of its faces, characterized in that said at least one strip or portion of strip (4 ) formed of said different bitumen or mixture (5) consists of a layer of the latter added in at least one recess in the form of a groove or portion of groove formed, by scraping or scraping, in the layer of bitumen (s) or of mixture (s) based on bitumen (3, 3 ') initially applied at the level of the upper (1') or lower (1 ") face of said sheet or sealing membrane (1). Sealing sheet or membrane according to claim 14, characterized in that it is obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 10. Sealing system for roofs formed from one or more layers of bituminous waterproofing membranes or membranes, characterized in that at least the base layer in contact with the support to be covered (10) is formed from sheets or waterproofing membranes (1) according to any one of claims 14 and 15, the zone (4) in the form of a lateral strip comprising on the surface or on the underside a layer of cold self-adhesive bitumen (5) covering or being covered by an area in the form of a lateral strip of an adjacent sheet or membrane (1).

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