EP1201312B1 - Safety system for a shredding device - Google Patents

Safety system for a shredding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1201312B1
EP1201312B1 EP01125231A EP01125231A EP1201312B1 EP 1201312 B1 EP1201312 B1 EP 1201312B1 EP 01125231 A EP01125231 A EP 01125231A EP 01125231 A EP01125231 A EP 01125231A EP 1201312 B1 EP1201312 B1 EP 1201312B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforated disc
comminuting machine
comminuting
data
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01125231A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1201312A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen BERNHARDT
Hartmut Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA CFS Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Convenience Food Systems Wallau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Convenience Food Systems Wallau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Convenience Food Systems Wallau GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP06026308A priority Critical patent/EP1764155A1/en
Publication of EP1201312A1 publication Critical patent/EP1201312A1/en
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Publication of EP1201312B1 publication Critical patent/EP1201312B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
    • B02C18/305—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
    • B02C18/301—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms with horizontal axis
    • B02C18/304—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms with horizontal axis with several axially aligned knife-perforated disc units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/04—Safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to comminution machines, in particular for comminuting frozen and / or fresh meat, with a cutting set having at least one knife.
  • Crushing machines as known for example from EP 0 695 581 A1, are used today in a large number of technical fields. Especially in the processing of fresh or frozen meat, these machines find many uses. Since these machines are usually equipped with a high-speed rotary knife, these machines must be equipped with a safety device to prevent injury to the operating personnel.
  • this safety device today is a hood which is folded in front of the output of the cutting set in order to avoid that the operator engages in the cutting set and thereby injured.
  • this safety device has the disadvantage that it represents only insufficient protection that an optical assessment of the crushing process and the shredded material is only partially possible.
  • the object is achieved by a crusher, according to claim 1.
  • a crushing machine is any crushing machine that has a cutting set with at least one knife having. According to the invention, a perforated disc is arranged in this cutting set behind the last knife.
  • the cutting set consists of at least one rotating blade and a corresponding perforated disc.
  • the cutting set consists of a plurality of blades, each cooperating with a perforated disc.
  • the crushing machine is only operable when the perforated disc is inserted behind the last knife. Checking whether the perforated disc is inserted can be done electronically or mechanically.
  • the perforated disc has holes which have a diameter ⁇ 6 mm.
  • the perforated disc preferably has a thickness of ⁇ 5 mm. Through this perforated disc prevents z. B. the hand of the operator is injured.
  • the thickness of the perforated disc is monitored, so that it can be prevented that the perforated disc becomes so thin with increasing wear that the operator can insert a finger through the perforated disc and is injured by the rotating blade.
  • This thickness monitoring can be done both mechanically and electronically.
  • it is coupled to the service life of the perforated disc, since a perforated disc must be reground after a certain number of operating hours and accordingly reduces the thickness. Accordingly, the crusher according to the invention calculated from which lifetime of the perforated disc whose thickness is no longer sufficient to represent a sufficient security against injury to operating personnel.
  • the crushing machine according to the invention has the advantage that the safety device is integrated in the cutting set, so that no additional components must be arranged on the crushing machine in order to ensure the safety of the operating personnel.
  • the safety devices are easy to manufacture and install components, so that the crushing machine according to the invention is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Since, in a preferred embodiment, the machine can only be put into operation when the safety device is used, injury to the operating personnel is excluded by the comminution machine according to the invention.
  • the perforated disc has a means on which data can be stored and retrieved, which allow a clear identification of the perforated disc.
  • the means on which data can be stored and retrieved is a sensor chip which has a first retrievable data memory with data which are used as actual values for comparison with the data of a second data memory assigned to the comminution machine, its data matched to the perforated disk serve as setpoints for an actual setpoint comparison.
  • the control of a crushing machine, in which the perforated disc is installed is designed so that it is not operable when the actual values deviate from the desired values.
  • the Perforated disk serve as a security device, because it can be determined by the target-actual comparison, for example, if a perforated disc is inserted in the flow direction behind the last knife whose bore diameter is so small or whose thickness is so great that can be ruled out that the operator is injured by the rotating knife.
  • the perforated disc has holes whose diameter is ⁇ 6 mm and preferably a thickness ⁇ 5 mm.
  • data are stored on the means which in particular have information about the size of the bore and preferably about the thickness of the respective perforated disk.
  • data can additionally be stored on the means, which relate to the transit time and the load of the perforated disc.
  • the wear of the perforated disc can be automatically determined, so that when a certain degree of wear of the perforated disc is exceeded, the crushing machine is no longer in operation, because the perforated disc according to the invention is no longer sufficient as a security device.
  • the means on which data can be stored and retrieved provided in a closed cavity in the perforated disc, so that it can neither be found by unauthorized persons, nor manipulated.
  • the arrangement of the agent should be made in any case so that it, if it is accidentally discovered, unusable in the expansion, preferably destroyed.
  • the data query from the built-in such a perforated disk data storage succeeds in a crushing machine best when the means is biretemental wirelessly coupled to a arranged on the crushing machine or mobile transmitting and receiving system, via an amplifier to the second data storage and / or electronic Machine control can be connected so that the data of the agent can be read and changed.
  • the transmitting and receiving system is provided with particular advantage in the immediate vicinity of the perforated disc.
  • the data memory integrated in the perforated disk according to the invention after appropriate data removal, transmission, processing and reproduction on a corresponding display, the data suitable for the identification of the perforated disc and possibly also the data of an associated counterpart, for example a knife, so the whole used for comminution system.
  • the data can be recognized by the controller of the crushing machine and taken into account in that the operation of the crushing machine is allowed only when functional parts are in use.
  • the means is a sensor chip on which data can be reversibly stored and retrieved.
  • the present invention has the advantage that in the cutting set only clearly identifiable components are used, so that on the one hand a trouble-free operation of the crushing machine is ensured and on the other a perforated disc can be used as a backup device of a cutting set, because the crusher only then put into operation can be, if a very specific perforated disc has been identified with a not-too-large amount of wear from the crusher.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for securing crushers with the perforated disc according to the invention, in which data for identifying the perforated disc, which is arranged in the direction of material flow behind the last knife in the crushing machine, retrieved and it is checked whether the respective perforated disc complies with safety standards and the crusher can only be put into operation, if this review has gone positive.
  • a violation of the operating personnel can be excluded by a knife in the cutting set.
  • the service life or the mechanical load of the perforated disc are additionally retrieved and thus their wear is checked and, if the wear is too great, the crusher is not approached or driven off.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the cutting set of the comminution device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows the cutting set of the crushing machine according to the invention in the installed state.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the cutting set 14 of the comminution machine 13 according to the invention. From the crushing machine 13, only a part of the housing 1 can be seen, which is the Cutting set 14 receives.
  • the crushing machine according to the invention has a driven screw with a shaft 2, with which the blades 4, 15 are set in a rotational movement.
  • the cutting set has a pre-cutter 3 two perforated discs 5, 6 and a spacer ring 7.
  • the cutting set 14 is fixed with the lock nut 8 in the housing 1.
  • the skilled artisan will recognize that the knife 4 cooperates with the perforated disk 5 and the knife 15 with the perforated disk 6.
  • the pre-cutter 3, the perforated discs 5, 6 and the spacer ring 7 are rotatably connected to the housing.
  • the pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5, 6 each have a sensor chip 10, which is provided in the outer region of the respective component. These sensor chips interact with the transmitting and receiving system 9, so that both data from the sensor chips are queried and data can be stored on these. Due to the configuration of the sensor chip / transceiver a clear identification of the respective components is possible.
  • this safety device is the perforated disc 6, whose holes have a diameter of 6 mm and which has a thickness of more than 5 mm.
  • the thickness of the perforated disc should not exceed 30 mm.
  • This design of the perforated disk makes it impossible for the operating personnel to injure their fingers on the rotating blade 15, for example.
  • a perforated disc can be provided in the lock nut 8, which is a particularly good safety device, because it has a greater distance from the rotating blade 15, such as the perforated disc 6.
  • a perforated disc as a backup in the lock nut eighth could have a larger bore than 6mm and have a thickness less than 5mm.
  • FIG 2 shows the crushing machine according to the invention with the cutting set 14 in the installed state.
  • the screw 2 which has a drive shaft at its end, conveys the material to be cut, in the present meat, through the pre-cutter 3 to the first knife 4.
  • This knife 4 interacts with the perforated disc 5 and crushes the meat.
  • the skilled artisan will recognize that the knife 15 and the perforated disc 6 cooperate.
  • the perforated disc 6 also serves as a safety device, since its bore ⁇ 6 mm and its thickness is more than 5 mm, so that it is impossible for the operator to stick a finger through the perforated disc and to injure the rotating blade 15.
  • the knives 4 and 15 are driven by the shaft of the worm 2, while the pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5 and 6 are fixedly connected to the housing.
  • the entire cutting set is clamped by the spacer ring 7 and the lock nut 8 in the housing.
  • the pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5 and 6 have sensor chips 10, which are bidirectionally and wirelessly connected to the transceiver 9, so that data can be stored and retrieved on the sensor chips.
  • the serial number and the service life are stored on the sensor chip and automatically retrieved at regular intervals by the crusher according to the invention and displayed on a display, which is not shown.
  • the crusher according to the invention can not be approached. This can permanently prevent injury to the operating personnel.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Zerkleinerungsmaschinen, insbesondere zum Zerkleinern von Gefrier- und/oder Frischfleisch, mit einem Schneidsatz, der mindestens ein Messer aufweist.The present invention relates to comminution machines, in particular for comminuting frozen and / or fresh meat, with a cutting set having at least one knife.

Zerkleinerungsmaschinen wie sie beispielsweise aus der EP 0 695 581 A1 bekannt sind werden heutzutage in einer Vielzahl von technischen Gebieten eingesetzt. Insbesondere bei der Verarbeitung von Fleisch in frischem oder gefrorenem Zustand finden diese Maschinen mannigfaltige Verwendungsmöglichkeiten. Da diese Maschinen in der Regel mit einem schnell laufenden, rotierenden Messer ausgerüstet sind, müssen diese Maschinen mit einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung ausgerüstet sein, um Verletzungen des Bedienpersonals zu vermeiden.Crushing machines, as known for example from EP 0 695 581 A1, are used today in a large number of technical fields. Especially in the processing of fresh or frozen meat, these machines find many uses. Since these machines are usually equipped with a high-speed rotary knife, these machines must be equipped with a safety device to prevent injury to the operating personnel.

In der Regel ist diese Sicherheitsvorrichtung heutzutage eine Haube, die vor den Ausgang des Schneidsatzes geklappt wird, um zu vermeiden, daß das Bedienpersonal in den Schneidsatz hineingreift und sich dabei verletzt. Diese Sicherheitsvorrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß sie nur einen unzureichenden Schutz darstellt, daß eine optische Begutachtung des Zerkleinerungsprozesses und des zerkleinerten Gutes nur bedingt möglich ist.In general, this safety device today is a hood which is folded in front of the output of the cutting set in order to avoid that the operator engages in the cutting set and thereby injured. However, this safety device has the disadvantage that it represents only insufficient protection that an optical assessment of the crushing process and the shredded material is only partially possible.

Es stellt sich deshalb die Aufgabe, eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine zur Verfügung zu stellen, die die Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweist.It is therefore the object to provide a crusher available that does not have the disadvantages of the prior art.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine, gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a crusher, according to claim 1.

Eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine im Sinne der Erfindung ist jede Zerkleinerungsmaschine, die einen Schneidsatz mit mindestens einem Messer aufweist. Erfindungsgemäß ist in diesem Schneidsatz hinter dem letzten Messer eine Lochscheibe angeordnet.A crushing machine according to the invention is any crushing machine that has a cutting set with at least one knife having. According to the invention, a perforated disc is arranged in this cutting set behind the last knife.

Erfindungsgemäß besteht der Schneidsatz aus mindestens einem rotierenden Messer und einer dazugehörigen Lochscheibe. Besonders bevorzugt besteht der Schneidsatz aus mehreren Messern, die jeweils mit einer Lochscheibe zusammenwirken.According to the invention, the cutting set consists of at least one rotating blade and a corresponding perforated disc. Particularly preferably, the cutting set consists of a plurality of blades, each cooperating with a perforated disc.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Zerkleinerungsmaschine nur in Betrieb nehmbar, wenn die Lochscheibe hinter dem letzten Messer eingesetzt ist. Die Überprüfung, ob die Lochscheibe eingesetzt ist, kann elektronisch oder mechanisch erfolgen.In a preferred embodiment, the crushing machine is only operable when the perforated disc is inserted behind the last knife. Checking whether the perforated disc is inserted can be done electronically or mechanically.

Vorzugsweise hat die Lochscheibe Löcher, die einen Durchmesser ≤ 6 mm aufweisen. Die Lochscheibe hat vorzugsweise eine Dicke von ≥ 5 mm. Durch diese Lochscheibe wird verhindert, daß z. B. die Hand des Bedienpersonals verletzt wird.Preferably, the perforated disc has holes which have a diameter ≤ 6 mm. The perforated disc preferably has a thickness of ≥ 5 mm. Through this perforated disc prevents z. B. the hand of the operator is injured.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsmaschine wird die Dicke der Lochscheibe überwacht, so daß verhindert werden kann, daß die Lochscheibe bei fortschreitendem Verschleiß so dünn wird, daß das Bedienpersonal einen Finger durch die Lochscheibe stecken kann und durch das rotierende Messer verletzt wird. Diese Dickenüberwachung kann sowohl mechanisch als auch elektronisch erfolgen. Vorzugsweise wird sie jedoch an die Standzeit der Lochscheibe gekoppelt, da eine Lochscheibe jeweils nach einer bestimmten Anzahl von Betriebsstunden nachgeschliffen werden muß und sich dementsprechend die Dicke reduziert. Demnach errechnet die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine ab welcher Standzeit der Lochscheibe deren Dicke nicht mehr ausreicht, um eine hinreichende Sicherheit gegen Verletzung des Bedienpersonals darzustellen.In a preferred embodiment of the crushing machine according to the invention, the thickness of the perforated disc is monitored, so that it can be prevented that the perforated disc becomes so thin with increasing wear that the operator can insert a finger through the perforated disc and is injured by the rotating blade. This thickness monitoring can be done both mechanically and electronically. Preferably, however, it is coupled to the service life of the perforated disc, since a perforated disc must be reground after a certain number of operating hours and accordingly reduces the thickness. Accordingly, the crusher according to the invention calculated from which lifetime of the perforated disc whose thickness is no longer sufficient to represent a sufficient security against injury to operating personnel.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine hat den Vorteil, daß die Sicherheitsvorrichtung in dem Schneidsatz integriert ist, so daß keine zusätzlichen Bauteile an der Zerkleinerungsmaschine angeordnet werden müssen, um die Sicherheit des Bedienpersonals zu gewähren. Bei den Sicherheitsvorrichtungen handelt es sich um einfach herzustellende und einzubauende Bauteile, so daß die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine einfach und kostengünstig herzustellen ist. Da in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform die Maschine nur in Betrieb genommen werden kann, wenn die Sicherheitsvorrichtung eingesetzt ist, wird eine Verletzung des Bedienpersonals durch die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine ausgeschlossen.The crushing machine according to the invention has the advantage that the safety device is integrated in the cutting set, so that no additional components must be arranged on the crushing machine in order to ensure the safety of the operating personnel. The safety devices are easy to manufacture and install components, so that the crushing machine according to the invention is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Since, in a preferred embodiment, the machine can only be put into operation when the safety device is used, injury to the operating personnel is excluded by the comminution machine according to the invention.

Die Lochscheibe weist ein Mittel auf, auf dem Daten abgespeichert und abgerufen werden können, die eine eindeutige Identifikation der Lochscheibe ermöglichen.The perforated disc has a means on which data can be stored and retrieved, which allow a clear identification of the perforated disc.

Vorzugsweise ist das Mittel, auf dem Daten abgespeichert und abgerufen werden können, ein Sensorchip, der einen ersten abfragbaren Datenspeicher mit Daten aufweist, die als Istwerte zum Abgleich mit den Daten eines zweiten, der Zerkleinerungsmaschine zugeordneten Datenspeichers verwendet werden, dessen auf die Lochscheibe abgestimmte Daten als Sollwerte für einen Ist-Sollwert-Vergleich dienen. Vorzugsweise ist die Steuerung einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine, in die die Lochscheibe eingebaut ist, so ausgelegt, daß diese nicht in Betrieb nehmbar ist, wenn die Istwerte von den Sollwerten abweichen. Auf diese Weise kann die Lochscheibe als Sicherungsvorrichtung dienen, weil durch den Soll-Ist-Vergleich festgestellt werden kann, ob beispielsweise eine Lochscheibe in Flußrichtung hinter dem letzten Messer eingesetzt ist, deren Bohrungsdurchmesser so klein bzw. deren Dicke so groß ist, daß ausgeschlossen werden kann, daß das Bedienpersonal durch das rotierende Messer verletzt wird. Ganz besonders bevorzugt hat die Lochscheibe Löcher, deren Durchmesser ≤ 6 mm beträgt und vorzugsweise eine Dicke ≥ 5 mm.Preferably, the means on which data can be stored and retrieved is a sensor chip which has a first retrievable data memory with data which are used as actual values for comparison with the data of a second data memory assigned to the comminution machine, its data matched to the perforated disk serve as setpoints for an actual setpoint comparison. Preferably, the control of a crushing machine, in which the perforated disc is installed, is designed so that it is not operable when the actual values deviate from the desired values. In this way, the Perforated disk serve as a security device, because it can be determined by the target-actual comparison, for example, if a perforated disc is inserted in the flow direction behind the last knife whose bore diameter is so small or whose thickness is so great that can be ruled out that the operator is injured by the rotating knife. Most preferably, the perforated disc has holes whose diameter is ≤ 6 mm and preferably a thickness ≥ 5 mm.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lochscheibe sind auf dem Mittel Daten gespeichert, die insbesondere Informationen über die Größe der Bohrung und vorzugsweise über die Dicke der jeweiligen Lochscheibe aufweisen.In a preferred embodiment of the perforated disk according to the invention, data are stored on the means which in particular have information about the size of the bore and preferably about the thickness of the respective perforated disk.

Weiterhin bevorzugt können auf dem Mittel zusätzlich Daten abgespeichert werden, die die Laufzeit und die Belastung der Lochscheibe betreffen. Mit diesen Daten kann automatisch die Abnutzung der Lochscheibe festgestellt werden, so daß, wenn ein bestimmter Abnutzungsgrad der Lochscheibe überschritten ist, die Zerkleinerungsmaschine nicht mehr in Betrieb nehmbar ist, weil die erfindungsgemäße Lochscheibe als Sicherungsvorrichtung nicht mehr ausreichend ist.Further preferably, data can additionally be stored on the means, which relate to the transit time and the load of the perforated disc. With this data, the wear of the perforated disc can be automatically determined, so that when a certain degree of wear of the perforated disc is exceeded, the crushing machine is no longer in operation, because the perforated disc according to the invention is no longer sufficient as a security device.

Vorzugsweise ist das Mittel, auf dem Daten abgespeichert und abgerufen werden können, in einem abgeschlossenen Hohlraum in der Lochscheibe vorgesehen, so daß er für Unbefugte weder auffindbar ist, noch manipuliert werden kann. Die Anordnung des Mittels sollte in jedem Fall so getroffen werden, daß es, wenn es zufällig entdeckt wird, beim Ausbau unbrauchbar, vorzugsweise zerstört wird.Preferably, the means on which data can be stored and retrieved, provided in a closed cavity in the perforated disc, so that it can neither be found by unauthorized persons, nor manipulated. The arrangement of the agent should be made in any case so that it, if it is accidentally discovered, unusable in the expansion, preferably destroyed.

Die Datenabfrage aus dem in einer solchen Lochscheibe integrierten Datenspeicher gelingt bei einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine am besten, wenn das Mittel mit einer an der Zerkleinerungsmaschine angeordneten oder mobilen Sende- und Empfangsanlage birektional drahtlos gekoppelt ist, die über einen Verstärker mit dem zweiten Datenspeicher und/oder einer elektronischen Maschinensteuerung verbunden sein kann, so daß der Datenbestand des Mittels abgelesen und geändert werden kann. Die Sende- und Empfangsanlage ist mit besonderem Vorteil in unmittelbarer Nähe der Lochscheibe vorgesehen.The data query from the built-in such a perforated disk data storage succeeds in a crushing machine best when the means is birektional wirelessly coupled to a arranged on the crushing machine or mobile transmitting and receiving system, via an amplifier to the second data storage and / or electronic Machine control can be connected so that the data of the agent can be read and changed. The transmitting and receiving system is provided with particular advantage in the immediate vicinity of the perforated disc.

Der in der erfindungsgemäßen Lochscheibe integrierte Datenspeicher liefert nach entsprechender Datenentnahme, Übertragung, Verarbeitung und Wiedergabe auf einem entsprechenden Display die für die Identifizierung der Lochscheibe geeigneten Daten und ggf. auch die Daten eines dazugehörigen Gegenstücks, beispielsweise eines Messers, also des gesamten für die Zerkleinerung verwendeten Systems. In gleicher Weise können die Daten von der Steuerung der Zerkleinerungsmaschine erkannt und insofern beachtet werden, daß der Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsmaschine nur dann zugelassen wird, wenn funktionsgerechte Teile im Einsatz sind.The data memory integrated in the perforated disk according to the invention, after appropriate data removal, transmission, processing and reproduction on a corresponding display, the data suitable for the identification of the perforated disc and possibly also the data of an associated counterpart, for example a knife, so the whole used for comminution system. In the same way, the data can be recognized by the controller of the crushing machine and taken into account in that the operation of the crushing machine is allowed only when functional parts are in use.

Auch die Überwachung der für die Zerkleinerungsmaschine ordinären Lochscheiben ist nach der Erfindung wesentlich einfacher durchführbar, weil nun aus den von den integrierten Datenspeicher lieferbaren Daten die Seriennummer der Lochscheibe ohne weiteres identifiziert werden kann und deren Abnutzung überwachbar ist, beispielsweise durch die Anzeige von Standzeiten, Schleifintervallen und dergleichen Parametern.The monitoring of ordinary for the crushing perforated discs is much easier to carry out according to the invention, because now the serial number of the perforated disc can be readily identified from the data available from the integrated data storage and their wear is monitored, for example by the display of service life, grinding intervals and the like parameters.

Vorzugsweise ist das Mittel ein Sensorchip, auf dem Daten reversibel abgespeichert und abgefragt werden können.Preferably, the means is a sensor chip on which data can be reversibly stored and retrieved.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat den Vorteil, daß in dem Schneidsatz nur eindeutig identifizierbare Bauteile verwendet werden, so daß zum einen ein störungsfreier Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsmaschine sichergestellt ist und zum anderen eine Lochscheibe als Sicherungsvorrichtung eines Schneidsatzes eingesetzt werden kann, weil die Zerkleinerungsmaschine nur dann in Betrieb gesetzt werden kann, wenn eine ganz bestimmte Lochscheibe mit einem noch nicht zu großen Verschleiß von der Zerkleinerungsmaschine identifiziert worden ist.The present invention has the advantage that in the cutting set only clearly identifiable components are used, so that on the one hand a trouble-free operation of the crushing machine is ensured and on the other a perforated disc can be used as a backup device of a cutting set, because the crusher only then put into operation can be, if a very specific perforated disc has been identified with a not-too-large amount of wear from the crusher.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Sichern von Zerkleinerungsmaschinen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lochscheibe, bei dem Daten zur Identifikation der Lochscheibe, die in Materialflußrichtung hinter dem letzten Messer in der Zerkleinerungsmaschine angeordnet ist, abgerufen werden und überprüft wird, ob die jeweilige Lochscheibe den jeweiligen Sicherheitsstandard genügt und die Zerkleinerungsmaschine erst dann in Betrieb gesetzt werden kann, wenn diese Überprüfung positiv verlaufen ist. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann eine Verletzung des Bedienpersonals durch ein Messer in dem Schneidsatz ausgeschlossen werden.Another object of the present invention is a method for securing crushers with the perforated disc according to the invention, in which data for identifying the perforated disc, which is arranged in the direction of material flow behind the last knife in the crushing machine, retrieved and it is checked whether the respective perforated disc complies with safety standards and the crusher can only be put into operation, if this review has gone positive. By the method according to the invention, a violation of the operating personnel can be excluded by a knife in the cutting set.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden zusätzlich die Standzeit bzw. die mechanische Belastung der Lochscheibe abgerufen und damit deren Verschleiß überprüft und bei zu großem Verschleiß die Zerkleinerungsmaschine nicht angefahren bzw. abgefahren. Durch diese Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es möglich, eine Gefährdung des Bedienpersonals durch verschlissene Sicherheitsvorrichtungen zu vermeiden.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the service life or the mechanical load of the perforated disc are additionally retrieved and thus their wear is checked and, if the wear is too great, the crusher is not approached or driven off. By means of this embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is possible to avoid endangering the operating personnel through worn out safety devices.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 erläutert. Diese Erläuterungen sind lediglich beispielhaft und schränken den allgemeinen Erfindungsgedanken nicht ein.In the following the invention will be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2 . These explanations are merely exemplary and do not limit the general inventive concept.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Explosionszeichnung des Schneidsatzes der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung. FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the cutting set of the comminution device according to the invention.

Figur 2 zeigt den Schneidsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsmaschine in eingebautem Zustand. Figure 2 shows the cutting set of the crushing machine according to the invention in the installed state.

In Figur 1 ist eine Explosionszeichnung des Schneidsatzes 14 der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsmaschine 13 dargestellt. Von der Zerkleinerungsmaschine 13 ist lediglich ein Teil des Gehäuses 1 zu sehen, das den Schneidsatz 14 aufnimmt. Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine weist eine angetriebene Schnecke mit einer Welle 2 auf, mit der die Messer 4, 15 in eine rotatorische Bewegung versetzt werden. Weiterhin weist der Schneidsatz einen Vorschneider 3 zwei Lochscheiben 5, 6 und ein Distanzring 7 auf. Der Schneidsatz 14 wird mit der Verschlußmutter 8 in dem Gehäuse 1 fixiert. Der Fachmann erkennt, daß das Messer 4 mit der Lochscheibe 5 und das Messer 15 mit der Lochscheibe 6 zusammenwirken. Der Vorschneider 3, die Lochscheiben 5, 6 und der Distanzring 7 sind drehfest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden. Der Vorschneider 3 und die Lochscheiben 5, 6 weisen jeweils einen Sensorchip 10 auf, der im äußeren Bereich des jeweiligen Bauteils vorgesehen ist. Diese Sensorchips wirken mit der Sende- und Empfangsanlage 9 zusammen, so daß sowohl Daten von den Sensorchips abgefragt werden als auch Daten auf diesen abgespeichert werden können. Durch die Konfiguration Sensorchip / Sende- Empfangsanlage ist eine eindeutige Identifikation der jeweiligen Bauteile möglich. FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the cutting set 14 of the comminution machine 13 according to the invention. From the crushing machine 13, only a part of the housing 1 can be seen, which is the Cutting set 14 receives. The crushing machine according to the invention has a driven screw with a shaft 2, with which the blades 4, 15 are set in a rotational movement. Furthermore, the cutting set has a pre-cutter 3 two perforated discs 5, 6 and a spacer ring 7. The cutting set 14 is fixed with the lock nut 8 in the housing 1. The skilled artisan will recognize that the knife 4 cooperates with the perforated disk 5 and the knife 15 with the perforated disk 6. The pre-cutter 3, the perforated discs 5, 6 and the spacer ring 7 are rotatably connected to the housing. The pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5, 6 each have a sensor chip 10, which is provided in the outer region of the respective component. These sensor chips interact with the transmitting and receiving system 9, so that both data from the sensor chips are queried and data can be stored on these. Due to the configuration of the sensor chip / transceiver a clear identification of the respective components is possible.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die Zerkleinerungsmaschine hinter dem letzten Messer 15 eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung auf, die eine Verletzung des Bedienpersonals durch das Messer 15 verhindert. In dem vorliegenden Beispiel ist diese Sicherheitsvorrichtung die Lochscheibe 6, deren Löcher einen Durchmesser von 6 mm aufweist und die eine Dicke von mehr als 5 mm hat. Die Dicke der Lochscheibe sollte 30 mm nicht überschreiten. Durch diese Gestaltung der Lochscheibe ist es für das Bedienpersonal unmöglich, sich beispielsweise die Finger an dem rotierenden Messer 15 zu verletzen. Der Fachmann erkennt, daß beispielsweise auch eine Lochscheibe in der Verschlußmutter 8 vorgesehen werden kann, die eine besonders gute Sicherheitsvorrichtung darstellt, weil sie einen größeren Abstand zu dem rotierenden Messer 15 aufweist, als beispielsweise die Lochscheibe 6. Eine Lochscheibe als Sicherung in der Verschlußmutter 8 könnte größere Bohrung als 6 mm aufweisen und eine geringere Dicke als 5 mm haben.According to the invention, the crusher behind the last knife 15 on a safety device that prevents injury to the operator by the knife 15. In the present example, this safety device is the perforated disc 6, whose holes have a diameter of 6 mm and which has a thickness of more than 5 mm. The thickness of the perforated disc should not exceed 30 mm. This design of the perforated disk makes it impossible for the operating personnel to injure their fingers on the rotating blade 15, for example. The skilled artisan recognizes that, for example, a perforated disc can be provided in the lock nut 8, which is a particularly good safety device, because it has a greater distance from the rotating blade 15, such as the perforated disc 6. A perforated disc as a backup in the lock nut eighth could have a larger bore than 6mm and have a thickness less than 5mm.

Figur 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit dem Schneidsatz 14 in eingebautem Zustand. Die Schnecke 2, die an ihrem Ende eine Antriebswelle aufweist, fördert das zu schneidende Material, in dem vorliegenden Fleisch, durch den Vorschneider 3 hindurch zu dem ersten Messer 4. Dieses Messer 4 wirkt mit der Lochscheibe 5 zusammen und zerkleinert das Fleisch. Nachdem das Fleisch durch die Lochscheibe 5 hindurchgedrückt worden ist, wird es durch ein weiteres Messer 15 und eine weitere Lochscheibe 6 noch einmal zerkleinert. Der Fachmann erkennt, daß das Messer 15 und die Lochscheibe 6 zusammenwirken. Die Lochscheibe 6 dient gleichzeitig als Sicherheitsvorrichtung, da ihre Bohrung ≤ 6 mm sind und ihre Dicke mehr als 5 mm beträgt, so daß es für das Bedienpersonal unmöglich ist, einen Finger durch die Lochscheibe zu stecken und sich an dem rotierenden Messer 15 zu verletzen. Die Messer 4 und 15 werden durch die Welle der Schnecke 2 angetrieben, während der Vorschneider 3 und die Lochscheiben 5 und 6 ortsfest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden sind. Der gesamte Schneidsatz wird durch den Distanzring 7 und die Verschlußmutter 8 in dem Gehäuse verspannt. Der Vorschneider 3 und die Lochscheiben 5 und 6 weisen Sensorchips 10 auf, die bidirektional und drahtlos mit der Sende- Empfangsvorrichtung 9 verbunden sind, so daß auf den Sensorchips Daten abgespeichert und abgerufen werden können. In dem vorliegenden Fall werden die Seriennummer und die Standzeit auf dem Sensorchip abgespeichert und in regelmäßigen Abständen automatisch von der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsmaschine abgerufen und auf einem Display, das nicht dargestellt ist, angezeigt. Insbesondere falls die Sicherheitsvorrichtung 6 nicht vorhanden ist oder nicht ausreichend dimensioniert ist oder wenn die Standzeit und damit der Verschleiß der Sicherungsvorrichtung 6 zu groß ist, kann die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine nicht angefahren werden. Damit kann eine Verletzung des Bedienpersonals nachhaltig verhindert werden. Figure 2 shows the crushing machine according to the invention with the cutting set 14 in the installed state. The screw 2, which has a drive shaft at its end, conveys the material to be cut, in the present meat, through the pre-cutter 3 to the first knife 4. This knife 4 interacts with the perforated disc 5 and crushes the meat. After the meat through the perforated disc 5 has been pushed through, it is crushed by another knife 15 and another perforated disc 6 again. The skilled artisan will recognize that the knife 15 and the perforated disc 6 cooperate. The perforated disc 6 also serves as a safety device, since its bore ≤ 6 mm and its thickness is more than 5 mm, so that it is impossible for the operator to stick a finger through the perforated disc and to injure the rotating blade 15. The knives 4 and 15 are driven by the shaft of the worm 2, while the pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5 and 6 are fixedly connected to the housing. The entire cutting set is clamped by the spacer ring 7 and the lock nut 8 in the housing. The pre-cutter 3 and the perforated disks 5 and 6 have sensor chips 10, which are bidirectionally and wirelessly connected to the transceiver 9, so that data can be stored and retrieved on the sensor chips. In the present case, the serial number and the service life are stored on the sensor chip and automatically retrieved at regular intervals by the crusher according to the invention and displayed on a display, which is not shown. In particular, if the safety device 6 is not present or not sufficiently dimensioned or if the service life and thus the wear of the securing device 6 is too large, the crusher according to the invention can not be approached. This can permanently prevent injury to the operating personnel.

Claims (12)

  1. Comminuting machine (13), particularly for comminuting frozen and fresh meat using a set of blades (14) which has at least one blade (4, 15), the set of blades (14) downstream of the last blade in the direction of material flow having a perforated disc (6) with bores, characterized in that the perforated disc has a means on which data can be stored and retrieved, which data permits unambiguous identification of the perforated disc.
  2. Comminuting machine (13) according to claim 1, characterized in that the identification particularly has information as to the size of the bores and preferably information as to the thickness of the perforated disc.
  3. Comminuting machine (13) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means allows storage and interrogation of additional data, preferably the operating time and stress of the perforated disc.
  4. Comminuting machine (13) according to claim 3, characterized in that the wear of the perforated disc is determined based on the operating time and stress thereof.
  5. Comminuting machine (13) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means is provided in a sealed cavity.
  6. Comminuting machine (13) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means is coupled bidirectionally with a transmitting (9) and receiving (9) unit.
  7. Comminuting machine (13) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means is a sensor chip.
  8. Comminuting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said machine can only be operated if the correct perforated disc is used.
  9. Comminuting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforated disc (6) has bores with a diameter of ≤ 6 mm and preferably a thickness of ≥5 mm.
  10. Comminuting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a thickness monitoring of the perforated disc (6), preferably coupled with the tool life of the perforated disc, the comminuting machine preferably not being operable if the perforated disc falls below a minimum thickness as a result of wear.
  11. Method of securing comminuting machines according to the preceding claims, characterized in that data for the identification of the perforated disc (6), which is arranged downstream of the last blade (15) in the comminuting machine (13) as viewed in material flow direction, is retrieved, and a check is made as to whether the respective perforated disc (6) complies with the respective security standards, and the comminuting machine cannot be put into operation until said check has furnished a positive result.
  12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the service life and mechanical stress of the perforated disc (6) are retrieved in addition, thereby checking the wear thereof, and that the comminuting machine cannot be started in the case of excessive wear.
EP01125231A 2000-10-31 2001-10-24 Safety system for a shredding device Expired - Lifetime EP1201312B1 (en)

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EP06026308A EP1764155A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2001-10-24 Safety system for a shredding device

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DE10054028 2000-10-31
DE10054028A DE10054028A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Safety systems for shredding machines

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DE10054028A1 (en) 2002-05-08
EP1764155A1 (en) 2007-03-21
ES2201944T1 (en) 2004-04-01
EP1201312A1 (en) 2002-05-02
DE50111889D1 (en) 2007-03-08

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