EP1198861B1 - Balanced to unbalanced circuit - Google Patents
Balanced to unbalanced circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1198861B1 EP1198861B1 EP00946644A EP00946644A EP1198861B1 EP 1198861 B1 EP1198861 B1 EP 1198861B1 EP 00946644 A EP00946644 A EP 00946644A EP 00946644 A EP00946644 A EP 00946644A EP 1198861 B1 EP1198861 B1 EP 1198861B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- sub
- conductor
- balun
- balanced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a balanced to unbalanced circuit (BALUN) according to the preamble of Claim 1.
- High frequency electric signals can be transmitted in two often occurring ways, namely either balanced or unbalanced.
- balanced transmission there is used two conductors in which electric currents are constantly in antiphase.
- Unbalanced transmission uses only one signal conductor and the signal (the current) is returned via earth.
- the balanced transmission is differential in nature and therewith less sensitive to disturbances and interference than the unbalanced transmission.
- Balun circuits are used to this end.
- balun circuit depend on impedance difference and phase difference for odd and even modes in the high frequency electric signal.
- a typical balun is the Marchand-balun which includes four ⁇ /4 waveguides connected in pairs.
- a balanced port shall be connected to an input or to an output of a differential amplifier. Normally, it is necessary to DC-bias the amplifiers and consequently a DC-wise short circuit of the balanced port to earth cannot be accepted. This has earlier been solved by including two capacitors between the actual balanced circuit and the balanced load. The capacitors are discrete capacitors which are chosen so that their resonance frequency coincides with the signal frequency.
- the capacitance is then balanced by the own parasite inductance of the capacitor and ideally behaves transparent at the frequency concerned.
- a problem with discrete capacitors is that they are relatively bulky and cannot be implemented readily when integrated in multilayer printed circuit boards or ceramic substrates.
- An object of the present invention is to at least reduce the aforesaid problem.
- One advantage afforded by the present invention is that performance is improved with regard to loss reductions and better phase characteristics of the balanced signal.
- Another advantage is that it can be simulated more readily than in the case of existing solutions, since it is not necessary to rely on discrete component models.
- Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a classic Marchand-balun 1, which includes a first and a second sub-circuit 10 and 20 respectively.
- the first sub-circuit 10 includes an upper conductor 10U, a lower conductor 10L and a discrete layer disposed between said conductors.
- the upper conductor 10U and the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 are connected together capacitively and inductively, with a given coupling constant.
- the first sub-circuit 10 corresponds to, or essentially to, a first ⁇ /4-wave guide.
- the second sub-circuit 20 includes an upper conductor 20U and a lower conductor 20L and a dielectric layer disposed between said conductors.
- the upper conductor 20U and the lower conductor 20L are connected to one another in said second sub-circuit 20 capacitively and inductively, with a given coupling constant.
- the second sub-circuit corresponds to, or essentially to, a second ⁇ /4-wave guide.
- An input P1 is connected to a first side on the upper conductor 10U in the first sub-circuit 10.
- a second side on the upper conductor 10U in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to a first side on the upper conductor 20U in the second sub-circuit 20 via a connecting conductor 15.
- a second side on the upper conductor 20U in the second sub-circuit 20 is open.
- a first side on the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to earth.
- a second side of the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to a first output port P2.
- a first side on the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 is connected to a second output port P3.
- a second side of the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 is connected to earth.
- Figure 2 illustrates a Marchand-balun circuit 1A.
- the sole difference between the Marchand-balun circuit 1A and the classic Marchand-balun 1 shown in Figure 1 is that the Figure 2 circuit includes two capacitors 50 and 60 which prevent the balanced output signal from being short circuited DC-wise to earth.
- a first capacitor 50 is arranged between the output port P2 and the second side of the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10.
- a second capacitor 60 is arranged between the output port P3 and the first side of the second conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of an inventive balun circuit 1B.
- the illustrated embodiment of the inventive balun circuit is shown in stripline form, in other words the mutually connected conductors lie in different planes.
- the inventive balun circuit 1B includes a first and a second sub-circuit 10 and 20 respectively.
- the first sub-circuit 10 includes an upper conductor 10U, a lower conductor 10L and a dielectric layer disposed between the said conductors.
- the upper conductor 10U and the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 are connected together capacitively and inductively with a given coupling constant.
- the first sub-circuit 10 corresponds to, or essentially to, a first ⁇ /4-wave guide.
- the second sub-circuit 20 includes an upper conductor 20U and a lower conductor 20L and a dielectric layer disposed between said conductors.
- the upper conductor 20U and the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 are connected together capacitively and inductively with a given coupling constant.
- the second sub-circuit corresponds to, or essentially to, a second ⁇ /4-wave guide.
- An input P1 is connected to a first side of the upper conductor 10U in the first sub-circuit 10.
- a second side on the upper conductor 10U in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to a first side on the upper conductor 20U in the second sub-circuit 20 via a connecting conductor 15.
- a second side on the upper conductor 20U in the second sub-circuit 20 is open.
- a first side on the second conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to a first side of a first open terminating ⁇ /4-wave guide 30.
- a second side on the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 is connected to a first output port P2.
- a first side on the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 is connected to a second output port P3.
- a second side on the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 is connected to a first side on a second open, terminating ⁇ /4-wave guide 40.
- the dielectric material disposed between the upper conductors 10U and 20U and the lower conductors 10L and 20L in the first and the second sub-circuits is disposed in a layer structure, a stripline structure. It will be understood, however, that the dielectric layer can be disposed in the same plane as the upper and the lower conductor, microstructure.
- the electric conductors may be linear in accordance with Figure 1, or of the spiral type.
- a point 70 between the third ⁇ /4-wave guide 30 and the lower conductor 10L in the first sub-circuit 10 functions as an RF-wise earth point.
- a point 80 between the fourth ⁇ /4-wave guide 40 and the lower conductor 20L in the second sub-circuit 20 functions as an RF-wise earth point.
- the ⁇ /4-wave guides in the illustrated embodiment of the balun circuit 1B may be made of metal, for instance from a silver alloy, copper, tungsten or aluminium.
- the dielectric material may comprise a ceramic material, polymeric material, an electrically non-conductive organic material, silicon dioxide or silicon nitride.
- the balun circuit 1B may be of the microstrip or stripline kind.
Landscapes
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9902497 | 1999-06-30 | ||
SE9902497A SE513345C2 (sv) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | Balun |
PCT/SE2000/001350 WO2001001514A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-26 | Balanced to unbalanced circuit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1198861A1 EP1198861A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
EP1198861B1 true EP1198861B1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
Family
ID=20416316
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00946644A Expired - Lifetime EP1198861B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-26 | Balanced to unbalanced circuit |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1198861B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003503928A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20020013938A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1175516C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU6036900A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2377963A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60035694D1 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1048197B (zh) |
SE (1) | SE513345C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW431079B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001001514A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100531782B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-13 | 2005-11-29 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 밸룬 제조방법 |
JP7023961B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-29 | 2022-02-22 | アラリス ホールディングス リミテッド | 多帯域円偏波アンテナ |
CN109088137B (zh) * | 2018-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 易力声科技(深圳)有限公司 | 一种应用于双面平行线的集总电路平衡转换器 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6263198B1 (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 2001-07-17 | Wj Communications, Inc. | Multi-layer printed wiring board having integrated broadside microwave coupled baluns |
US5697088A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1997-12-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Balun transformer |
JP3576754B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 2004-10-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | バラン回路及びバランス型周波数変換器 |
-
1999
- 1999-06-30 SE SE9902497A patent/SE513345C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-27 TW TW088116506A patent/TW431079B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-06-26 DE DE60035694T patent/DE60035694D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-26 EP EP00946644A patent/EP1198861B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-26 AU AU60369/00A patent/AU6036900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-26 CN CNB008097887A patent/CN1175516C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-26 CA CA002377963A patent/CA2377963A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-26 WO PCT/SE2000/001350 patent/WO2001001514A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2000-06-26 KR KR1020017016717A patent/KR20020013938A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-26 JP JP2001506637A patent/JP2003503928A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-13 HK HK03100298.6A patent/HK1048197B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1359550A (zh) | 2002-07-17 |
CN1175516C (zh) | 2004-11-10 |
AU6036900A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
SE9902497L (sv) | 2000-08-28 |
SE513345C2 (sv) | 2000-08-28 |
JP2003503928A (ja) | 2003-01-28 |
KR20020013938A (ko) | 2002-02-21 |
WO2001001514A1 (en) | 2001-01-04 |
HK1048197B (zh) | 2005-06-24 |
TW431079B (en) | 2001-04-21 |
HK1048197A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 |
SE9902497D0 (sv) | 1999-06-30 |
EP1198861A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
CA2377963A1 (en) | 2001-01-04 |
DE60035694D1 (de) | 2007-09-06 |
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