EP1198290A1 - Dispositif pour realiser des reactions et des processus chimiques dans des champs haute frequence - Google Patents
Dispositif pour realiser des reactions et des processus chimiques dans des champs haute frequenceInfo
- Publication number
- EP1198290A1 EP1198290A1 EP01933761A EP01933761A EP1198290A1 EP 1198290 A1 EP1198290 A1 EP 1198290A1 EP 01933761 A EP01933761 A EP 01933761A EP 01933761 A EP01933761 A EP 01933761A EP 1198290 A1 EP1198290 A1 EP 1198290A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- rod
- elements
- shaped
- shaped elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
- H05B6/806—Apparatus for specific applications for laboratory use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
- B01J19/126—Microwaves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/6408—Supports or covers specially adapted for use in microwave heating apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
- B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
- B01J2219/1209—Features relating to the reactor or vessel
- B01J2219/1212—Arrangements of the reactor or the reactors
- B01J2219/1215—Single reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
- B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
- B01J2219/1209—Features relating to the reactor or vessel
- B01J2219/1212—Arrangements of the reactor or the reactors
- B01J2219/1218—Multiple reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
- B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
- B01J2219/1248—Features relating to the microwave cavity
- B01J2219/1251—Support for the reaction vessel
- B01J2219/1254—Static supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
- B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
- B01J2219/1248—Features relating to the microwave cavity
- B01J2219/1251—Support for the reaction vessel
- B01J2219/126—Support for the reaction vessel in the form of a closed housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
- B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
- B01J2219/1287—Features relating to the microwave source
- B01J2219/129—Arrangements thereof
- B01J2219/1293—Single source
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for carrying out chemical reactions and processes in high-frequency fields.
- This device advantageously allows the introduction of energy into digestions, hydrolyses, chemical syntheses, extractions, distillations, drying and other reactions and processes.
- reaction mixtures are arranged, for example, in microwave-permeable reaction containers in a microwave system with a radiation-shielded housing, and energy is supplied by irradiation with microwaves. Since the reactions and processes taking place often result in high pressures or the reactions only take place under pressure, the entire arrangement must be pressure-stable and, for example, be securely closable by a cover system.
- the reaction vessels are additionally equipped with safety or control devices in order to be able to monitor the course of the chemical reactions and processes.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device which, with high reliability and minimal energy losses and with as little effort as possible, is suitable for a wide variety of applications for carrying out chemical reactions and processes in high-frequency fields.
- the various application tasks (depending on the required pressure resistance and stability requirement, radiation treatment, cage-related radiation losses) can be used with minimal economic and operational effort adapted) and installed or converted in the shortest possible time.
- this cage with its selectable design as part of a modular system, the individual components of which are selected for the desired application, such as reactor design (selection of reactor shape, reactor size and functional principle) as well as cover attachment (closure of the high-frequency space) , assembled and can be changed with minimal effort.
- advantageous sub-features of the invention are set out in the dependent claims. So it is particularly easy to insert the reactor from above into the high-frequency room and with this introduction by attaching the cover at the same time said pressure-stable cage around the reactor and via this by means of clamping and lower holder also the reactor self-centering and aligned in its Fix and stabilize position.
- the high-frequency room is sealed radiation-proof with a lid lock.
- This simplest handling effort is also available for dismantling and retrofitting (for example as a flow device or for implementing an additional reaction treatment of the reactor material, such as gas introduction, ventilation or the like).
- an upper reactor cap preferably firmly connected to the cover of the high-frequency space
- an exchangeable lower reactor cap are provided for the reactor as part of said modular system.
- a cover that is preferably provided in a modular manner with an upper reactor closure that is suitable for the selected reactor and a corresponding accommodation and fixing of the reactor according to the invention with an effecting lower reactor closure can be used in this way.
- the invention can be used for batch reactor and flow-through reactor processes, which can be implemented as single reactor or as multiple reactor systems with multiple reaction chambers.
- Fig. 1 Sectional view of an assembled device with construction and attachment of the pressure-proof cage around the reactor located in the high-frequency room.
- Fig. 2 Sectional view of the device according to Fig. 1 for inserting and removing the reactor into or out of the high-frequency room Device with configuration for flow reactions 4: ring-shaped holder for fixing the lower position of the reactor (top view)
- each fastening adapter 6 has an upper end threaded bore 7, with which the fastening adapter 6 can be screwed onto bores 8 of the upper wall 4 and loosened again.
- each rod-shaped element 5 could also be screwed onto the upper wall 4 directly and without an additional fastening adapter 6, for example through a threaded hole (not shown in the drawing) in its upper end face.
- the bores 8 are arranged in a circle around an opening 9 (cf. FIG. 2) in the upper wall 4, through which the reactor 1 for radiation treatment can be introduced into the high-frequency space 2 and then removed therefrom.
- the rod-shaped elements 5 form a pressure-stable cage around the reactor 1, which only minimally impairs the high-frequency radiation for radiation treatment of the reactor 1 in comparison to a known pressure-resistant protective jacket (in FIG. 1 Microwaves MW are symbolized by wavy lines).
- the rod-shaped elements can be attached individually, so that the pressure-stable cage around the reactor 1 can be set up and converted depending on the intended use and application requirement.
- the realization of this cage can therefore be determined both with regard to the rod-shaped elements 5 used (in particular shape, dimensions and material) and by the choice of the number of elements and can be changed at any time.
- plastics, ceramic materials and metal are suitable as materials for the rod-shaped elements 5 in order to cope with high temperatures, pressure and high-frequency loads.
- an annular flange 10 between the upper wall 4 and the fastening adapters 6, the positive and non-positive fastening of the rod-shaped elements 5 can be reinforced if necessary.
- each rod-shaped element 5 has a guide 11 for receiving a ring-shaped holder 12 for the reactor 1 or for a lower reactor closure 13.
- These guides 11 can, for example, consist of material tapering not reaching to the lower end of the rod-shaped elements 5, into which grooves 14 (see FIG. 4), which are preferably U-shaped on the edge of the ring-shaped holder 12, engage, but are not in their design limited to this.
- the ring-shaped holder 12 with its grooves 14 can only be introduced into the guides 11 of the rod-shaped elements 5 and when the force-fitting and form-fitting fastening of the rod-shaped elements 5 is carried out by a centering and aligned self-locking is locked in position pressure stable. In this way, only the rod-shaped elements 5 need to be fastened with their upper end to the bores 8 of the upper wall 4, the ring-shaped holder 12 automatically being fixed in position in the lower region of the rod-shaped elements 5. In the opposite case, the ring-shaped holder 12 is released from its positionally stable holder position simultaneously with the release of the rod-shaped elements 5. The attachment of the rod-shaped elements 5 is shown in Fig.
- the reactor unit consisting of the reactor 1, the lower reactor closure 13, an upper reactor closure 15, and the cover 3, can be introduced from above through the opening 9 into the high-frequency space 2 (see FIG. 2).
- the lid 3 has the holes 8 in the upper wall 4 position-corresponding screw connections 16, through which both the lid 3 for radiation-proof shielding of the high-frequency space 2 itself and the pressure-stable cage from the rod-shaped elements 5 are fastened and mounted with one and the same handling.
- the ring-shaped holder 12 which receives the lower reactor closure 13 for fixing the position of the reactor 1, is locked with this fastening.
- the rod-shaped elements 5, which with the cover 3 through Screwing on the upper wall 4 of the high-frequency room 2 are connected via the ring flange 10, secure the closure of the high-frequency room 2 as a tight Faraday cage, prevent the lid 3 from being opened by lifting when there is pressure build-up in the high-frequency room 2, and thus enable reactions in the event of an increase Pressure (e.g. up to 400 bar) depending on the material and size of the high-frequency room 2.
- an increase Pressure e.g. up to 400 bar
- the described individual elements of the reactor unit and the pressure-stable cage surrounding the reactor 1 and the cover 3 for the high-frequency room 2 can expediently be provided as components of a modular system.
- the pressure-stable cage can also be changed by selecting suitable rod-shaped elements 5 while maintaining the fastening principle and adapted to the respective process and reaction conditions.
- the lower reactor closure 13 in the holder 12 has as the guide element at the bottom a cylinder flange 17 which engages in a cylinder groove 18 of the holder 12 when the device is installed.
- the formation of these guide elements between the holder 12 and the lower reactor closure 13 is, however, not limited to the features shown. Other guide elements such as pins, bores and conical receiving elements etc. could also be used here.
- the assembly of the rod-shaped elements 5, in particular for the purpose of quick and inexpensive scaffolding or configuration change of the device can additionally be facilitated by stop elements, for example an annular flange 19, which can simultaneously be designed as a guide element for the cover 3 and the upper reactor closure 15 and ultimately contributes to the fastening stability.
- stop elements for example an annular flange 19, which can simultaneously be designed as a guide element for the cover 3 and the upper reactor closure 15 and ultimately contributes to the fastening stability.
- FIGS. 1-3 shows an embodiment of the device as a flow reactor.
- the lower reactor closure 13 is replaced by a reactor closure 13a, into which a feed pipe 23 with valve opens, and the upper reactor closure 15 by a reactor closure 15a.
- a reactor closure 13a into which a feed pipe 23 with valve opens
- the upper reactor closure 15 by a reactor closure 15a.
- the upper reactor closure 15, 15a is firmly connected to the cover 3 and is provided as a common structural unit of the modular system for assembly and conversion.
- the entire reactor unit consisting of the tubular reactor 1, the cover 3 with the upper reactor closure 15 and the lower reactor closure 13 is then, as already described and shown in FIG. 2, inserted into the high-frequency space 2 in a few simple steps and can be dismantled or retrofitting can be easily removed from this.
- the pressure-stable cage which is also unlocked when the reactor unit is removed and detached from the upper wall 4, can be dismantled or similarly converted.
- cover 3 and the upper reactor closure 15 to provide additional means for carrying out the reactions and processes described at the outset, such as one or more temperature measuring probes 20, a gas introduction system 21, and for reasons of clarity, infrared probes (not shown in the drawing), cooling devices to introduce mechanical stirrers and sampling devices into the reactor 1 and to exchange them as desired.
- the optional coupling of further devices via corresponding bores in the cover 3 and in the upper reactor closure 15 is also possible and can be varied;
- one or more pressure measuring probes 22 and / or gas supply and discharge lines, also not shown for reasons of clarity, and pressure relief valves or rupture disks, which are mentioned as safety devices, can be attached or connected.
- the reactor 1 can thus be used universally by selection of the suitable modular reactor parts (cover 3 with the upper reactor closure 15) and its structure can be assembled or converted very specifically for each application.
- tubular reactors 1 as reaction vessels represent an inexpensive and extremely flexible construction solution, which also enables the use of different materials, such as glass, quartz, ceramic and plastic. These materials are available inexpensively in numerous sizes and designs.
- the invention is not limited to single reactor designs, but can equally be used in multiple reactor systems, for example reactor inserts with multiple Reaction chambers. Furthermore, the type of fastening of the cover 3 and the rod-shaped elements 5 is not fixed to the screw connection shown in the drawing.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10015794A DE10015794A1 (de) | 2000-03-27 | 2000-03-27 | Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen und Prozesse in Hochfrequenzfeldern |
DE10015794 | 2000-03-27 | ||
PCT/EP2001/003482 WO2001072413A1 (fr) | 2000-03-27 | 2001-03-27 | Dispositif pour realiser des reactions et des processus chimiques dans des champs haute frequence |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1198290A1 true EP1198290A1 (fr) | 2002-04-24 |
Family
ID=7636957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01933761A Withdrawn EP1198290A1 (fr) | 2000-03-27 | 2001-03-27 | Dispositif pour realiser des reactions et des processus chimiques dans des champs haute frequence |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6949227B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1198290A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU6015801A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE10015794A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001072413A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020169791A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-27 | Mls Mikrowellen-Labor-Systeme Gmbh | Système à contenant sous pression |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE407353T1 (de) | 1997-08-20 | 2008-09-15 | Univ Miami | Hochqualitatives durchlaufendes verfahren zur fixierung, dehydratisierung, entfettung und imprägnation von geweben |
EP1464388A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-10-06 | Mikrowellen-Systeme MWS GmbH | Traitement par micro-ondes de substances chemiques dans un récient |
DK1676117T3 (da) * | 2003-10-24 | 2009-11-09 | Univ Miami | Simplificeret forarbejdning af væv |
US20100044210A1 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | METHOD OF DIGESTING CELLULOSE TO GLUCOSE USING SALTS AND MICROWAVE (muWAVE) ENERGY |
DE102010030287B4 (de) * | 2010-03-22 | 2022-07-14 | Mwt Mikrowellen Labor Technik Ag | Druckbehälter mit Haltemittel, System mit einer Gehäuseanordnung, die einen solchen Druckbehälter aufweist, und Verfahren mit Druckbehälter und Haltemittel |
US9844101B2 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-12-12 | Scp Science | System and method for uniform microwave heating |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE916398C (de) | 1951-10-26 | 1954-08-09 | Foerderanlagen Ernst Heckel M | Foerdergefaess bei Kabelkrananlagen, insbesondere fuer den Betontransport |
DE4108766C2 (de) * | 1991-03-18 | 1996-08-01 | Knapp Guenter Univ Prof Dipl I | Vorrichtung zum Erhitzen von Substanzen unter Entstehung hoher Drücke im Mikrowellenfeld |
US5427741A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1995-06-27 | Cem Corporation | Pressure resistant reinforcing means for containers for materials to be microwave heated |
DE19700499B4 (de) | 1996-12-23 | 2005-06-02 | Mikrowellen-Systeme Mws Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Behandeln chemischer Substanzen durch Erhitzen |
DE19748520A1 (de) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-05-06 | Mikrowellen Systeme Mws Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Auslösen und/oder Fördern chemischer Prozesse durch Bestrahlung eines Ausgangsstoffs mit elektromagnetischen Wellen |
AU3658699A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 1999-11-08 | Cem Corporation | Flexible vessel and frame for microwave assisted chemistry |
-
2000
- 2000-03-27 DE DE10015794A patent/DE10015794A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-27 WO PCT/EP2001/003482 patent/WO2001072413A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2001-03-27 US US09/980,026 patent/US6949227B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-27 EP EP01933761A patent/EP1198290A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-27 AU AU60158/01A patent/AU6015801A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0172413A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020169791A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-27 | Mls Mikrowellen-Labor-Systeme Gmbh | Système à contenant sous pression |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001072413A1 (fr) | 2001-10-04 |
DE10015794A1 (de) | 2001-10-11 |
US20020176814A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
US6949227B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 |
AU6015801A (en) | 2001-10-08 |
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