EP1196347B1 - Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue - Google Patents

Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1196347B1
EP1196347B1 EP00949684A EP00949684A EP1196347B1 EP 1196347 B1 EP1196347 B1 EP 1196347B1 EP 00949684 A EP00949684 A EP 00949684A EP 00949684 A EP00949684 A EP 00949684A EP 1196347 B1 EP1196347 B1 EP 1196347B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension cable
suspension
cable
location
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00949684A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1196347A2 (fr
Inventor
Renaud Le Devehat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FMC Technologies SAS
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FMC Technologies SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FMC Technologies SAS filed Critical FMC Technologies SAS
Publication of EP1196347A2 publication Critical patent/EP1196347A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1196347B1 publication Critical patent/EP1196347B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • B67D9/02—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships using articulated pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/8807—Articulated or swinging flow conduit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to systems loading and / or unloading of fluids, in particular from transport of such fluids.
  • a preferred area of application is the transfer of liquefied natural gas between a floating independent production platform (FPSO) and a tanker moored near this platform.
  • FPSO floating independent production platform
  • One of the key points of the operating chain lies in the transfer of the products obtained from the FPSO to the ship responsible for transport. This operation is carried out at sea and therefore depends heavily sea conditions.
  • loading systems and / or unloading of the type described in documents FR-2 469 367 and EP-0 020 267 include a fluid transfer device between a loading arrow placed on the FPSO and a coupling means planned on the ship.
  • the transfer device comprises a network of segments multiple articulated fluid pipes of the accordion or rhombus type deformable (s) and actuated by cable, the ends of the network being connected, by means of elbows and revolving joints, respectively to pipe sections attached to the boom and pipe sections intended for be connected by means of coupling.
  • hoses connected by rotating joints (rotations) form product lines supported by a articulated metal structure.
  • the present invention aims to improve the transfer conditions of fluid between two locations, in particular between a first location on a floating independent production platform and a second location located on a vessel responsible for transporting the fluid.
  • Such a rigid pipe assembly allows a high fluid speed and, hence, a high transfer speed. It also offers good resistance piping to water hammer.
  • suspension cable being subjected to tension constant, it is wound on its winch or unwound from it according the movement away from or towards the two structures.
  • the number of predetermined articulation sections hooked to this cable suspension therefore depends on the length of the latter stretched between the two structures.
  • the coupling means comprise a plurality of suspension struts of predetermined articulation sections, each which is clamped transversely a cable clamp suspension from above, to fix the suspension strut to the cable suspension, and the assembly further comprises a connection winch intended for be installed in the second location, on which a cable is wound connection adapted to be connected to the suspension cable to bring it, before transfer of fluid, to the second location and moor it there or to bring it back, after transfer of fluid, at the first location, while subjecting it to a constant tension by means of the winch with constant tension control.
  • connection winch extracted from the support the suspension cable and the articulated pipe sections, then that the constant tension of the winch with constant tension control opposes at the exit of this cable and limits the deflection of the suspended assembly.
  • the assembly advantageously includes a winch intended to be installed in the first location and on which is wound a cable intended to be connected to the connection cable to bring it to the first location to connect it to the suspension cable.
  • a jaw mechanism suitable for securing one end of the cable connection to the suspension cable, is preferably attached to one end of this last.
  • the assembly includes a device forming a mechanical stop, intended to be installed in the second location and to lock the jaw mechanism, once the suspension cable is stretched between the two locations.
  • the set includes a means fluid connection on an end pipe section and which is intended to be connected to a complementary fluid connection means intended to be installed in the second location to effect the transfer of fluid.
  • the storage medium is freely mounted pivoting in azimuth on a base intended to be fixed to the first location and the assembly further comprises at least two sets of lateral guide pulleys of the suspension cable, fixed to the support storage in different locations and suitable for moving away from the suspension in turn at the passage of a coupling means.
  • the storage medium is aligned automatically on the suspension cable, while allowing flexibility side of the product line formed by the pipe sections.
  • the storage medium is pivotally mounted in azimuth on a base intended to be fixed to the first location and the assembly further includes a position detector angle of the suspension cable and a rotation control device of the storage medium around the base, sensitive to output signals filtered from the detector to align the storage medium to the direction main cable suspension.
  • each articulation section intended to be coupled to the suspension cable comprises a combination of a rotating joint with a substantially vertical axis and at least one rotary joint with a substantially horizontal axis, in position deployed sections of pipe, and the assembly includes at least two games lateral guide pulleys of the suspension cable, fixed to the support storage in different locations and suitable for moving away from the suspension in turn at the passage of a coupling means.
  • the coupling means comprise a plurality of legs suspension, to each of which is fixed transversely a clamp tightening of the suspension cable from above, each of the clamps having two articulated arms, urged towards a clamping position of the clamp by a spring and each provided with a roller, and the support comprising two rails each defining a rolling track for one of the rollers of the clamp, the spacing of the rails being such that in the storage position of the sections of pipe, the clamp is held in an open position against the spring force, allowing it to engage on the suspension cable when from the passage of the pipe sections towards the deployed position.
  • the assembly advantageously includes pulleys for supporting the suspension cable, downstream of the rails of the storage support.
  • the present invention also proposes the use of the assembly described above for the transfer of liquefied natural gas between a floating independent production platform defining the first location and a ship defining the second location, the sections of pipe being connected by joints to other pipe sections for form two fluid transfer lines adapted to be deployed in parallel and simultaneously between the two locations, one of these lines for transferring liquefied natural gas to the ship and the other serving for the return of steam to the platform.
  • FIG. 1 a part of a platform is shown at 10 independent production.
  • a tanker 11 is moored by means of a hawser 12 to platform 10.
  • a fluid transfer assembly 13 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention makes it possible to transfer, here, crude oil extracted on platform 10 at tanker 11.
  • the assembly 13 includes a support 14 installed on the platform 10 for storing a plurality of rigid sections in suspension 15 fluid transfer line, in this case crude oil, articulated between them by means of articulation sections 16, 16 ′ provided with bends at 90 ° and rotating joints, so that it can be moved from a position storage in which the pipe sections 15 are suspended in accordion to the support 14 in a deployed position between the platform 10 and the tanker 11 by suspension from a suspension cable or carrying cable 17 to carry out the fluid transfer (see figure 2 where the two positions are shown).
  • a support 14 installed on the platform 10 for storing a plurality of rigid sections in suspension 15 fluid transfer line, in this case crude oil, articulated between them by means of articulation sections 16, 16 ′ provided with bends at 90 ° and rotating joints, so that it can be moved from a position storage in which the pipe sections 15 are suspended in accordion to the support 14 in a deployed position between the platform 10 and the tanker 11 by suspension from a suspension cable or carrying cable 17 to carry out the fluid transfer (see figure
  • the hinge sections 16 each have two 90 ° elbows 18 connected at one end to one end of a rigid section of pipe 15 and by their other end to adjacent 90 ° bend 18, via a rotating or rotating joint 19.
  • the axis of this rotary joint 19 is substantially horizontal and perpendicular to the suspension cable 17, when the articulation section 16 is suspended therein (see figure 1).
  • This type of rotary joint 19 allows the pipe sections 15 to follow the curve of the suspension cable 17 in the vertical plane, in position deployed of these pipe sections 15, but also to fold these pipe sections 15 for accordion storage on the support or station storage 14.
  • the articulation sections 16 ′ are also each provided with a rotary joint 19 'with a horizontal axis between two elbows at 90 ° 18 '.
  • a third 90 ° elbow 18 " is provided between one of these 90 ° elbows 18 'and the end a rigid section of pipe 15, a third 90 ° elbow 18 "is provided.
  • This third 90 ° elbow 18 " is connected to the neighboring 90 ° elbow by a joint turning substantially vertical axis 20 in the deployed position, allowing lateral displacements of the pipe sections 15.
  • These displacements lateral allow the whole to respond to the oscillating movements of the tanker 11 and platform 10 during transfer.
  • the twist of this line is absorbed by an additional rotating joint 21 connecting the third 90 ° elbow 18 "from the hinge section 16 'at one end of the pipe section 15 with which the rotary joint 21 is aligned.
  • one in four articulation sections is of the rotary joint type vertical.
  • each leg of suspension 22 is connected to an articulation section 16 by means of a bearing 23 having an inner ring 24 and an outer ring 25, between which are inserted balls 26.
  • the inner ring 24 is fixed to the exterior of the neighboring rotary joint 19, while the outer ring 25 is connected to the end of a vertical branch 27 of the suspension strut 22 by means of a pivot joint 28.
  • This pivot joint 28 is substantially parallel to the direction of extension of a reception passage 29 defined by a clamp 30 and intended to receive the suspension cable 17.
  • This clamp 30 is integral with the branch 27, at its end opposite to that connected to the ring 25. It has two articulated branches 31, 32 biased towards a clamping position of the clamp 30 by a spring 33 retained between the branches 31 and 32 by a rod 34 pivotally mounted on the branch 31 and received in a through hole 35 of branch 32.
  • clamp 30 is, here, fixed to the branch 27, transversely to it and allows clamping from above the cable suspension 17.
  • pivot joint 28 allows a misalignment between the suspension cable 17 and the axis of the formed pipe by the pipe sections 15 in the deployed position.
  • each of the branches 31 and 32 is also provided with a roller 37a, 37b at its end opposite to that for clamping the suspension cable 17.
  • Each of these rollers 37a, 37b is engaged in rotation on a rail 38a, 38b of the storage medium 14.
  • the spacing of the rails 38a, 38b is such that the clamp 30 is held in an open position, against the spring force 33, allowing it to be engaged on the suspension cable 17 during the passage of the pipe sections 15 towards the deployed position.
  • a control system 39 (see Figures 1 and 2) is mounted on the storage support 14 and is equipped with a hydraulic actuator adapted to engage a clamp 30 between the rails 38a, 38b or to release such a clamp 30 to allow it to hang on the suspension cable 17.
  • the control system is connected to an angular position sensor of a tension-controlled winch constant 40 installed on platform 10 and on which the cable is wound suspension 17.
  • This operating logic is applied throughout the fluid transfer phase between the platform 10 and the tanker 11, during which the separation distance between them may increase or decrease.
  • the constant tension control winch 40 allows to apply a constant tension on the suspension cable 17 in order to maintain a substantially constant deflection in the middle of this cable 17.
  • the winch 40 is powered by a hydraulic motor permanently under pressure constant. In the event of the tanker being moved away or closer together 11, the suspension cable 17 is wound on the winch 40 or unwound from it ; the variation of deflection (weak) is only due to the variation of range (distance separation between the platform 10 and the tanker 11).
  • the suspension cable wound on this winch 40 is brought to the storage support 14 by a 90 ° deflection pulley 41 mounted on a base 42 fixed to the platform 10.
  • the storage support 14 is also pivotally mounted in azimuth on this base 42 by means of bearings 43.
  • the storage medium 14 is also connected to the bridge of the platform 10 by rollers 44 taking up the weight of the support 14.
  • a winch 48 on which is wound a connection cable 49 is installed on the deck of the tanker 11.
  • a winch is provided dinghy 50 on the deck of platform 10, on which a rope 51 is wound.
  • this rope 51 is provided, at one of its ends, of a loop 52 for coupling the rope 51 to a socket 53 fixed to one end of the connection cable 49.
  • a jaw mechanism 54 is fixed to one end of the suspension cable 17.
  • Two return springs 55a, 55b keep the socket 53 in place between the jaws 56a, 56b when the cables are slack.
  • the cable tension tends to tighten the jaws 56a, 56b on the socket 53, because the latter abuts, in the connection position, against a shoulder 57a, 57b of each of the jaws 56a, 56b, which has the effect of rotating the latter towards their socket retaining position 53.
  • a first device forming mechanical stop 59 is fixed to the storage support 14 and a second mechanical stop device 60 is installed on the deck of the tanker 11, near the manifold 47.
  • the first stop device 59 serves to lock the jaw mechanism 54 while the deployment procedure the suspension cable 17 and the sections of pipe 15 have not started, while the second mechanical stop device 60 serves to lock this same jaw mechanism 54, once the suspension cable 17 has been stretched between platform 10 and tanker 11.
  • the tension force of the suspension cable 17 applies to the base 42 via the pulley 41.
  • the storage support 14 only supports the weight of the sections 15 of driving. This support 14, free to rotate around the base 42, must therefore be aligned with the suspension cable 17. This alignment is obtained by means of lateral guide pulleys visible in FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a set of two pulleys 61 and 62 each pivotally mounted on a support plate 63 by means of arms 64 and 65, respectively.
  • These arms 64 and 65 are pivotally actuated around a pivot common 66 using two hydraulic cylinders 67 and 68 each of which is fixed to the support plate 63, on the one hand, and to one of the arms 64 and 65, on the other hand.
  • the support plate 63 is, for its part, fixed to the support of storage 14.
  • any movement of the suspension cable 17 causes pivoting of the storage medium 14 on the base 42, maintaining the storage medium 14 aligned with the suspension cable 17 and therefore also with the axis of the fluid transfer pipe deployed between the platform 10 and the tanker 11.
  • a suspension strut 22 can stop at any point of this pulley guide system, to start again in one direction or in the other, even oscillate around a position.
  • control system 39 is connected to a detector position to allow it to change the order of erasing operations pulley sets, depending on the detected position of a leg suspension 22.
  • pulleys 69-72 are connected, two by two, by bars of link 73-76, themselves pivotally hinged on bars intermediate 77 and 78 to suspend the pulleys 69-72 to the support storage 14.
  • the fluid transfer assembly 13 operates in the manner next :
  • the pipe sections 15 are in the retracted position, that is to say suspended in accordion on the storage medium 14.
  • the rope 51 is, first of all, brought from the platform 10 to the tanker 11, for example by passing it at the same time as the hawser 12. An operator, tanker side 11, then connect this cable to the end of the cable connection 49, wound on its winch 48.
  • the rope 51 is wound on its winch 50. It drives the connection cable 49 which is unwound from its winch 48.
  • the connection cable 49 arrives at the storage medium 14, it automatically connects to the end of the hanging cable 17. More precisely, the socket 53 of the connection cable 49 spreads the jaws 56a, 56b of the jaw mechanism 54 and is put in place.
  • the connection winch 48, tanker side 11 is started to extract from the storage medium 14 the suspension cable 17 and the sections of pipe 15 therein gradually fixed.
  • the constant tension applied by the winch 40 is opposed at the outlet of the suspension cable 17 and limits the deflection of the assembly of transfer of fluid 13 in suspension.
  • the suspension struts 22 are, as for them, fixed to this suspension cable 17 with regular spacing.
  • the mechanical stop device 60 locks the mechanism jaws 54.
  • the connection winch 48 is then stopped and the coupler hydraulic 46 is connected to a flange of manifold 47.
  • valves of the coupler 46 are then opened and the loading of tanker 11 can begin.
  • the pipe sections 15 retract or exit the storage medium, depending on the distance separating the platform 10 from the tanker 11.
  • FIGS. 11 to 14 offers a rotation control of the storage medium.
  • the lateral guide pulley system of the suspension cable 17 in Figures 1 to 10 is replaced by a system for controlling the storage medium 14 in rotation, comprising a angular position detector 79 of the suspension cable 17 (see FIGS. 13 and 14) and a device 80 for rotating the storage medium 14 around the base 42 (see Figure 11).
  • the lateral direction of the suspension cable 17 leaving the support storage 14 is measured using a movable roller 81 resting on this cable 17.
  • This movable roller 81 is capable of following the lateral movements of the cable 17 by virtue of its mounting on an articulated support 82 mounted on a plate attachment 83 to the storage support 14 by means of two joints 84a and 84b height compensation.
  • the articulated support 82 is also connected to a rotation encoder 85.
  • the output signal from this encoder 85 representative of the position angle of the suspension cable 17, has been filtered so as to remove the cable's own oscillations.
  • This signal is transmitted to a hydraulic motor 86 of the rotary servo device 80 to align the storage medium 14 with the main direction of the suspension cable 17 thanks to a system of gear-rack type, the gear of which is mounted on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 86 and the rack 87 is mounted on the deck of the platform 10, behind the track 88 of the rollers 44.
  • the fluid transfer assembly 13 ′ of FIGS. 11 to 14 is identical in all respects to the fluid transfer assembly 13 of the figures 1 to 10.
  • the 13 "fluid transfer assembly therefore includes a system 89 for lateral guidance of the suspension cable 17 at the outlet of the support storage 14 ′, similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • articulation sections with an axis rotary joint substantially vertical, of the type shown in FIG. 19, are placed at each suspension leg 22.
  • winch on which the rope is wound, is not visible on these figures 15 and 16. This winch is identical to those represented on the other figures and can, for example, be placed behind the winch 50.
  • This 13 "fluid transfer assembly is intended for the transfer of liquefied natural gas from platform 10 to tanker 11. It includes this effect, a second network of pipe sections 15 'forming a pipe for the return of steam from the tanker 11 to the platform 10.
  • the pipe sections 15 'used for the vapor return have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the pipe sections 15 used for transferring liquefied natural gas.
  • the 16 "articulation sections of the Figure 21 each have only one rotary joint of substantially axis horizontal 91, 91 'associated with a substantially vertical axis joint 92, 92'.
  • the articulation sections 16 of FIG. 20 are, for their part, identical to that of figure 18.
  • the fluid transfer assembly conforming to the present invention can be used to transfer fluids other than crude oil and liquefied natural gas.
  • fluids other than crude oil and liquefied natural gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Storing, Repeated Paying-Out, And Re-Storing Of Elongated Articles (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP00949684A 1999-07-13 2000-07-07 Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue Expired - Lifetime EP1196347B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9909092 1999-07-13
FR9909092A FR2796375B1 (fr) 1999-07-13 1999-07-13 Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue
PCT/FR2000/001978 WO2001004041A2 (fr) 1999-07-13 2000-07-07 Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1196347A2 EP1196347A2 (fr) 2002-04-17
EP1196347B1 true EP1196347B1 (fr) 2004-03-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00949684A Expired - Lifetime EP1196347B1 (fr) 1999-07-13 2000-07-07 Systeme de chargement offshore par tuyauterie suspendue

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US (1) US6719008B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
EP (1) EP1196347B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JP3987721B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
KR (1) KR100643554B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
CN (1) CN1223507C (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
AT (1) ATE261910T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
AU (1) AU6296300A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
CA (1) CA2378652C (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (1) DE60009073T2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
ES (1) ES2218188T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2796375B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
NO (1) NO323762B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
PT (1) PT1196347E (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
RU (1) RU2246443C2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
WO (1) WO2001004041A2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
ZA (1) ZA200200023B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

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FR2796375B1 (fr) 2001-10-12
JP3987721B2 (ja) 2007-10-10
ATE261910T1 (de) 2004-04-15
CA2378652A1 (en) 2001-01-18
ZA200200023B (en) 2003-07-28
KR100643554B1 (ko) 2006-11-10
AU6296300A (en) 2001-01-30
EP1196347A2 (fr) 2002-04-17
WO2001004041A2 (fr) 2001-01-18
CA2378652C (en) 2009-12-22
KR20020035834A (ko) 2002-05-15
NO20020136L (no) 2002-03-11
PT1196347E (pt) 2004-08-31
DE60009073T2 (de) 2004-11-04
CN1420841A (zh) 2003-05-28
NO20020136D0 (no) 2002-01-11
WO2001004041A3 (fr) 2002-09-26
NO323762B1 (no) 2007-07-02
US6719008B1 (en) 2004-04-13
CN1223507C (zh) 2005-10-19
DE60009073D1 (de) 2004-04-22
ES2218188T3 (es) 2004-11-16
FR2796375A1 (fr) 2001-01-19
JP2003511284A (ja) 2003-03-25
RU2246443C2 (ru) 2005-02-20

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