EP1191560A1 - Gasblasvorrichtung für Lichtbogen in einem modularen elektrischen Gerät - Google Patents

Gasblasvorrichtung für Lichtbogen in einem modularen elektrischen Gerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1191560A1
EP1191560A1 EP00440251A EP00440251A EP1191560A1 EP 1191560 A1 EP1191560 A1 EP 1191560A1 EP 00440251 A EP00440251 A EP 00440251A EP 00440251 A EP00440251 A EP 00440251A EP 1191560 A1 EP1191560 A1 EP 1191560A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
electric arc
blowing device
air
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00440251A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane Haessler
Francis Deckert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hager Electro SAS
Original Assignee
Hager Electro SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hager Electro SAS filed Critical Hager Electro SAS
Priority to EP00440251A priority Critical patent/EP1191560A1/de
Publication of EP1191560A1 publication Critical patent/EP1191560A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H2009/348—Provisions for recirculation of arcing gasses to improve the arc extinguishing, e.g. move the arc quicker into the arcing chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas blowing device electric arc, integrated in a modular electrical protection device line type circuit breaker.
  • These devices conventionally comprise a fixed contact and a contact mobile that establish an electrical connection when in contact with one on the other, and which cut it when they are separated, voluntarily using a joystick or automatically by tilting of a mechanical lock in the event of overcurrent or overload on the line.
  • said voltage is increased by dividing the arc in a stack of deionization sheets.
  • We increases the number of arc feet and, knowing the value of the voltage across each arc foot, a number of sheets allowing to achieve by addition to a total arc voltage greater than that of the network.
  • a second classic solution consists in lengthening the arc to increase the tension.
  • arc conduction sheets limiting on two sides opposite the arc extinguishing chambers allied in particular to the effect of loop applying to the arc, direct it towards the terminal area of each room, where there is either a stack of sheets of deionization, that is to say a configuration achieving an elongation of the arc resulting in passing its voltage beyond that of the network.
  • gaseous medium changes and, in the vicinity of the arc, liquid and gaseous metallic particles from contacts may be present in ionized air. These particles increase the risk of rebooting.
  • this gas blowing is implemented via management of a set of pressures and flows applied to the plasma arc, generating forces causing it to move towards the extinguishing chambers without the addition of active consumer elements energy.
  • the circulation circuits are also provided to create a system depression / overpressure, respectively downstream and upstream of the arc, thus promoting its movement in the breaking chamber.
  • the device of the invention is configured to avoid plasma backflow to the contact area, which would consequence of increasing the risk of re-ignition on the contacts.
  • the invention applying as mentioned to a modular electrical device of the circuit breaker type, provided with a contact fixed and a movable contact secured to a release lock actuated by either a thermal bimetal or by an actuator magnetic coil and magnetic circuit, these components being integrated in an insulating housing comprising at least one chamber arc extinguishing lined with arc conduction sheets, is characterized by what it involves means of creating gas displacements at the interior of the housing promoting the progression of at least one electric arc generated after separation of the contacts to at least one room corresponding arc extinction.
  • the gas used is treated inside of the housing of the electrical appliance by means of pollution control making its characteristics unfavorable to the survival of the arc.
  • the gas used is generally air, or more precisely essentially air-based, possibly modified by physico-chemical treatments due to the arc.
  • the invention includes means for injecting recycled air into the area contacts after their separation, said air being injected immediately upstream of the contacts, in order to push the arcs to the corresponding extinguishing chambers.
  • the goal is to provide not only air at temperatures below that which reigns at the level of the arc, if possible devoid of particles metal in order to degrade conditions as much as possible favorable to the perpetuation and reignition of said arc, but still generator of a favorable direction circulation to repel it.
  • said means for injecting recycled air comprise at minus a channel in which the recycled air circulates from downstream of the area contacts upstream of said area.
  • the recycled air passes through at least one room arc extinction, at the exit of which it is guided towards an area located upstream of the contacts in a flow which is oriented in the direction of these, creating an overpressure upstream.
  • one at less of said channels includes a device for centrifuging solid and liquid metallic particles in the air after opening of contacts. Prior to centrifugation, the gas undergoes a sudden relaxation.
  • this centrifugation device consists of a cylindrical wall chamber. The exit from the latter leads to a expansion conduit ending and opening on the contact area.
  • Air recycling notably increases the pressure by upstream of the arc. Downstream, the pressure is notably kept low by the existence of orifices which allow circulation towards the outside of the shell. It should be noted that the pressures upstream and downstream of the arc are also managed by the particular forms given to the zones involved in blowing, recycling, extinction etc ... and in particular to arc conduction sheets, recycling conduits etc ...
  • a fraction of the air located downstream of at least less an electric arc is entrained in a suction system creating a depression downstream of it.
  • this suction system comprises a duct disposed at the outlet of an arc extinguishing chamber, directing air to a portion using the Venturi effect located downstream of an evacuation opening made in a housing wall.
  • the modular device preferably comprises, between the shells forming the housing, a middle wall of parallel appearance to the long sides.
  • the reliefs of this intermediate wall cooperating with those which exist on the half shells of the case, form the configuration zones ensuring the management of gas circulation.
  • the side facing the contacts has reliefs and orifices forming air circuits by combination with arc conduction sheets and ends of arc extinguishing chambers.
  • the distance between the walls of said contact zone and that between the conduction sheets arc at the output thereof are reduced to reduce the input section from the room.
  • the arc conduction sheets leave the zone of make contact with a loop form that develops towards each other, and walls of the contact area are provided with a raised tray bringing one closer to the other.
  • the resulting tightening particularly at the outlet of said contact area, also allows the arch -also thanks to the shapes above mentioned - to easily switch during its journey towards the arc extinguishing chamber (s).
  • the electric arc is then divided into two sections routed in opposition to two extinguishing chambers arc located in the same mean plane, facing each other, the two arc sections causing mutual gas blowing towards of their arc extinguishing chambers due to the creation of a overpressure between them.
  • the centrifuge chamber preferably arranged on the contact side, is supplied by a fraction of the outlet air an arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the centrifugation is arranged on the middle wall and it is located at the lateral end of each arc extinguishing chamber.
  • a fraction of air leaving each extinguishing chamber arc is sent into a channel in the "coil" side of said median wall, then reinjected via at least one orifice into a conduit provided on the "contacts" side of said wall, upstream of the contact.
  • this second fraction can be directly recycled, then injected at the contacts, or stored in the product.
  • Another fraction of the air leaving each room arc extinction is sent via an orifice passing through the middle wall to a channel located on the other face of said wall, using the Venturi effect. The air can then be expelled from the housing.
  • Holes are drilled for this purpose in the shells forming the housing, at the side exits of the arc extinguishing chambers, also to allow a final fraction of air to be exhausted. They serve not only to evacuate the air contained in the housing, but still secondarily favor a depression in downstream of the arc.
  • the walls of the apparatus of the invention bordering the arc extinguishing chambers are provided with reliefs offset from one wall to another, and interpenetrate without contact so as to stretch the electric arc forced to conform to the series of baffles thus created.
  • the electrical circuit chosen for this description which is however only one possible example to which the invention applies, consists essentially of a coil induction (1), two connection terminals (2, 3), a fixed contact (4), a movable contact (5) and a bimetallic strip (6).
  • terminal (2) is connected to the bimetallic strip (6) via a flexible conductive braid (7).
  • the coil (1) is also connected to said bimetallic strip (6) via a second flexible braid (8) arranged at one of its ends, the other end being connected to the fixed contact (4), which is extended by a sheet of arc conduction (9).
  • the movable contact (5) is connected by means of another flexible conductive braid (10) to a sheet (11), the lower part of which (12) also serves as an arc conduction sheet, while the part upper is connected to the second terminal (3).
  • FIG. 2 shows a complete product, in this case a circuit breaker, including the housing composed of half-shells (32, 33) separated by a wall middle or intermediate (22), seen here from the "coil" side.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a handle (34) of control connected to a lock (35) to which the movable contact (5) is secured.
  • This lock can flip in the event of an overcurrent (magnetic trip) overload (thermal trip) or manual opening via the handle (34).
  • the magnetic circuit is composed of a core referenced (13), extended by two branches (14,15), the whole forming a U whose the free end is provided with a movable pallet (16), which is the occurrence of a single piece with the thermal bimetallic strip (6). It is it is also possible, according to a variant, to separate these two parts.
  • the configuration shown includes two arc extinguishing chambers provided with sets of deionization plates (24, 25). These rooms are located in the same medium plane, and allow the extinction of two arc portions obtained after division of the main arc, which the spacing of the fixed (4) and mobile (5) contacts.
  • Two shield sheets (17,18) equip the half-shells (32, 33) for magnetic purposes which do not contribute to the object of the present invention, and therefore do not the subject of a detailed description.
  • the intermediate wall (22), located between the half-shells (32) and (33) is not shown here in detail, but only for illustrative purposes, in order to clarify its positioning in the product.
  • Figure 3 shows the assembled elements, seen from the side opposite the general orientation of the representation of FIG. 2.
  • the components are assembled on the half-shell (33), and the wall intermediate (24) hides the spiral coil.
  • the "contacts" side of said wall (22) therefore appears in this figure. It includes in particular a duct (19) which conveys fresh air (the flow of which is symbolized by arrows), said conduit (19) opening near and upstream of contacts (4, 5).
  • This conduit (19) is delimited by reliefs which appear on the intermediate wall (22), which actually form the bottom and the two side walls, the upper part, designed to isolate and allow it to fulfill its function without gas exchanges or losses, being constituted by the half-shell (32).
  • the channel (20) is the one which supplies fresh air to the duct cited above (19).
  • the air stored there is related, upstream, to the arc extinguishing chamber comprising the deionization plates (24). Downstream, this air passes through an orifice (21) formed in the intermediate wall (22), and opens into said channel (19). So the air stored in the channel (20) is pushed back towards the conduit (19) when an electric arc progresses towards the arc extinguishing chamber, i.e. after a tripping.
  • the generated air flow supplies fresh air to the area upstream of the contacts (4,5), and consequently promotes the thrust of the electric arc created and plasma cooling by dilution.
  • the air which is forced back by the moving electric arc does not succeed only to move the gas masses in the channel (20) and in the conduit (19). Indeed, in addition to the passage located at the level of the sheets higher deionization (24), leading as seen in the channel (20), air can also be drawn in via an orifice (27), also practiced in the intermediate wall (22), and which appears in Figure 5.
  • the orifice (27) opens, on the other side of the wall intermediate (22), in a conduit (28), the high velocity of the cut from the deionization plates (25) created by effect Venturi a depression favoring the aspiration by the orifice (27).
  • FIG. 7 shows only part of the circuit breaker of the invention, substantially centered on the core (13) of the magnetic circuit.
  • This figure shows an air recycling circuit allowing its depollution.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber does not have of deionization sheet, but a circular chamber whose operation will be explained below.
  • the conduit (19) carrying the fresh air another room of circular appearance (28), followed by a conduit (29) terminating upstream of the contacts (4) and (5), allows the reinjection of clean air.
  • the gas located downstream of the electric arc is expanded, to condense metallic vapors at the entrance of the arc extinguishing chamber. Then, a circular flow occurs in the chamber (28). Because of the centrifugation, the massive particles are kept at the periphery, and the gas to be recycled is extracted from the side, and reaches the conduit (29). The inertia of massive particles forces them to stay in the flow facing the chamber (28). Therefore, clean air - because that devoid of these metallic particles- is reinjected upstream of the electric arc, allowing it to be driven back to the extinguishing chambers arc.
  • the circulation of gases allows the cooling, in particular in contact with the air masses existing in the conduits, which leads to their deionization.
  • the sudden relaxation of plasma also has the effect of cooling the gas, therefore ionize.
  • the object of figure 10 is also to show that one proceeds to a narrowing of the distance between walls in the contact zone, at using the raised volumes (37, 38) which exceed on the one hand the intermediate wall (22) and on the other hand of the half-shell (32). It's about simply of prominent reliefs or plateaus at said level contact area.
  • the opening disposed at the outlet of said room is reduced by the particular configuration given to the sheets of arc conduction (9, 12).
  • the fixed contact (4) is connected to a sheet of arc conduction (9), via a loop which advances towards a loop (26) of the same function arranged between the sheet (11) and the conduction sheet arch (12).
  • the intermediate sheet (23) comprises also a summit part in this same region, whose interest will be explained with reference to the following figures.
  • the arcs are cut in the sheets deionization, and gaseous fluids downstream of the arc portions may escape at the level of the lower deionization plates (see arrows). However, at the level of the deionization plates gases follow the circuits which have been explained previously.
  • This figure 12e shows with arrows the circuits gaseous which are used in the configuration of the invention.
  • Figures 12a to 12e do not show the half-shells (32) and (33), but only the intermediate wall (22).
  • circuit breakers comprising a gas blowing device according to the invention, such as a deionization device with overlapping sheets, a device with stretching and arc rolling and cylindrical recycling chamber, a device with suction pipe etc.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP00440251A 2000-09-25 2000-09-25 Gasblasvorrichtung für Lichtbogen in einem modularen elektrischen Gerät Withdrawn EP1191560A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP00440251A EP1191560A1 (de) 2000-09-25 2000-09-25 Gasblasvorrichtung für Lichtbogen in einem modularen elektrischen Gerät

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00440251A EP1191560A1 (de) 2000-09-25 2000-09-25 Gasblasvorrichtung für Lichtbogen in einem modularen elektrischen Gerät

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EP1191560A1 true EP1191560A1 (de) 2002-03-27

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004001943A1 (de) * 2004-01-14 2005-08-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
RU2538785C2 (ru) * 2009-09-18 2015-01-10 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Однополюсный размыкающий блок, содержащий поворотный контактный мост, коммутационное устройство, содержащее такой блок, а также прерыватель цепи, содержащий такое устройство
RU2556240C2 (ru) * 2009-09-18 2015-07-10 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Коммутационное устройство, имеющее, по меньшей мере, один однополюсной отключающий блок, содержащий контактный мостик, и прерыватель цепи, содержащий одно такое устройство
CN113960430A (zh) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 中国航空综合技术研究所 航空电线拉弧测试装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1926693A1 (de) * 1969-05-24 1970-11-26 Siemens Ag Lichtbogenloeschkammer fuer Niederspannungsleistungsschalter
EP0817224A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 Schneider Electric Sa Unterbrechungsvorrichtung für hochkalibrigen Lastschalter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1926693A1 (de) * 1969-05-24 1970-11-26 Siemens Ag Lichtbogenloeschkammer fuer Niederspannungsleistungsschalter
EP0817224A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 Schneider Electric Sa Unterbrechungsvorrichtung für hochkalibrigen Lastschalter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004001943A1 (de) * 2004-01-14 2005-08-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
RU2538785C2 (ru) * 2009-09-18 2015-01-10 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Однополюсный размыкающий блок, содержащий поворотный контактный мост, коммутационное устройство, содержащее такой блок, а также прерыватель цепи, содержащий такое устройство
RU2556240C2 (ru) * 2009-09-18 2015-07-10 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Коммутационное устройство, имеющее, по меньшей мере, один однополюсной отключающий блок, содержащий контактный мостик, и прерыватель цепи, содержащий одно такое устройство
CN113960430A (zh) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 中国航空综合技术研究所 航空电线拉弧测试装置
CN113960430B (zh) * 2021-10-27 2023-09-26 中国航空综合技术研究所 航空电线拉弧测试装置

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