EP1175247B1 - Lebensrettungssystem für umschlossene räume, insbesondere tunnel - Google Patents
Lebensrettungssystem für umschlossene räume, insbesondere tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1175247B1 EP1175247B1 EP20000938517 EP00938517A EP1175247B1 EP 1175247 B1 EP1175247 B1 EP 1175247B1 EP 20000938517 EP20000938517 EP 20000938517 EP 00938517 A EP00938517 A EP 00938517A EP 1175247 B1 EP1175247 B1 EP 1175247B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shelter
- compressed air
- air
- vortex tube
- danger zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001459 mortal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 vapors Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B13/00—Special devices for ventilating gasproof shelters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
Definitions
- Such spaces i.e. spaces that, due to their location, geometry, Equipment and / or expansion of an escape from fires or consequences of fire (smoke, poisonous gases, Heat, vapors, etc.) or only inappropriately allow it is considerable Dangers to life and limb connected.
- Such spaces (hereinafter referred to as “danger areas” are) for example tunnels, rooms with locks, cellars, high floors in High-rise buildings, rooms in (nuclear) power plants, clean rooms, laboratories etc.
- Tunnels and other danger areas are often provided with shelters (niches), they. usually do not offer active ventilation and / or cooling. Staying in such Shelters can therefore mean that people are only protected for a certain amount of time and are in mortal danger if the fire spreads or the consequences of a fire.
- the invention has for its object to a system suitable for hazardous areas create an active ventilation and cooling system and keep harmful substances away.
- DE-A-40 25 804 describes a device for the supply of cooled air in a room, whereby the cold flow outlet of a vortex tube into the room leads.
- Vortex tube is arranged in the room. Neither will discloses where the hot flow outlet leads.
- Much more only an air conditioning system for supply is cooled Air described in a room with a vortex tube.
- Vortex tubes are supplied with compressed air.
- the functioning of the vortex tube is briefly described below:
- a stream of compressed air is fed tangentially into a pipe.
- This compressed air flow is divided into two Partial flows on: A partial flow exits heated via a static throttle at one end of the pipe, the other partial flow exits cooled via a static orifice at the other end of the pipe.
- Fig. 1 is the basic Circuit of such a system described:
- shelters 2 for accommodating groups of people
- Shelters 3 to accommodate groups of 4 or individuals, depending on how the spatial conditions in the tunnel are.
- shelters 2 or 3 Vortex tubes 5, from which cooled air exits into the shelters. This cooled air serves for breathing and cooling people or the shelter.
- a barrier to the Danger area e.g. door
- the compressed air is supplied via a line 6.
- This compressed air is over a Compressed air station provided, which consists of a wind boiler 7, a compressed air compressor 8 and if necessary, there is a compressed air dryer 9.
- the compressed air station can, however, in the tunnel itself also (preferably) be set up outside the tunnel.
- the pipeline 6 should be insulated (e.g. double-walled with mineral in between Thermal insulation, possibly also melt basalt to increase the temperature resistance be used).
- the wind boiler 7 should be designed so that it is large enough. Compressed air for the Provide the duration and volume of the largest fire to be assumed.
- the compressor 8 would be relatively small; moreover, in the event of danger, it is not inevitable Compressed air compressors must be started, i.e. the life-saving air is in one static system and is not subject to the reliability of moving components and Machine groups.
- the compressed air line 6 can be used from both sides of the tunnel entrance a corresponding compressed air device can be supplied. Likewise, the compressed air line 6 can be divided into several sub-lines to avoid damage to a pipeline To maintain pipe reserves.
- FIG. 2 A more precise circuit of the vortex tube system is shown in Fig. 2.
- the vortex tube 5 is with the compressed air line 6 is supplied from the air boiler 7, which in turn from Compressed air compressor 8 and possibly a compressed air dryer 9 is supplied with compressed air.
- the Wind boiler 7 is provided with a sump drain 10, via the condensed water vapor can be discharged outside.
- a pressure relief valve ensures that the pressure in 7 does not rise unacceptably and at Exceeds the maximum pressure blows through an outlet 11. Compressed air humidity can condense in a condenser 9 and then discharged through a drain 12 become. Possibly. it is possible and even sensible to have a small partial flow of the orifice 13 To drain compressed air continuously via the compressed air compressor 8. It is both a regular Functional control possible, on the other hand the compressed air compressor 8 is kept “warm” what Corrosion prevents prolonged standstill. To prevent compressed air from escaping when the To prevent compressed air compressor 8, a check valve 14 can be used.
- the compressed air line 6 enters the shelter 2, 3 and opens into a tap (in Fig. 2 as Ball valve shown).
- the tap 15 is normally, i.e. if the shelter is not occupied or operated, closed. People who visit the shelter in the event of danger, can open the tap 15 (e.g. via a lever or a chain, which are clearly identified and act only in one direction or via footboard that is connected to the tap 15 so that when entering the shelter via a bar, chain or the like opens automatically).
- the compressed air entering the swirl tube 16 tangentially occurs on Warm air outlet 17 heated via the throttle 19 and cooled at the cold air outlet 18 via the Fade out.
- the heated partial flow is through the hot air outlet 17 through the wall of the Sheltered area to the danger zone (again a positive pressure drop), the cooled air at the cold air outlet 18 is available to people in the shelter.
- the compressed air can also be used to operate an emergency power generator To enable lighting of the shelter.
- the partition between the shelter and the danger zone can be made of refractory or fire retardant material with good thermal insulation and is preferably as solid Wall with door / gate or only as door / gate.
Landscapes
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Description
- Keine bewegten Teile im Schutzraum (bis auf z.B. ein handbetätigtes Kugelventil),
- Keine bewegte Mechanik am Wirbelrohr, die Robustheit des Wirbelrohres kann durch Material und Wandstärke beliebig gesteigert werden,
- Luftzufuhr und Kühlung erfolgen zwangsläufig, d.h. es muß nicht manipuliert oder geregelt werden,
- Die Abwärme des Wirbelrohres kann - wegen des höheren Druckes - problemlos in den Gefahrenraum abgegeben werden,
- Keine Wärmeaustauscher, d.h. keine Wartung, keine Verschmutzung,
- Geringer Platzbedarf. darüberhinaus sehr flexibel an örtliche Verhältnisse anpassbar,
- Luftmenge ist hoch genug, um ein positives Druckgefälle zum Gefahrenraum aufrecht zu erhalten,
- Geringer Platzbedarf für die Druckluftleitung, gute Wärmedämmbarkeit der Leitung,
- Verschmutzung der Einrichtung ist ohne negative Auswirkung auf Leistung und Funktion des Wirbelrohres,
- Gute Redundanzverhältnisse (mehrere Drucklufterzeuger möglich, große Windkessel, getrennte Leitungen, Plazierung der Druckluftversorgungseinrichtungen z.B. an beiden Enden des Tunnels,
- Einfache Bedienung (Not"hebel", Reißkette o.ä.), d.h. die Luftzufuhr und Kühlung kann ohne Fachwissen vom Laien bedient werden.
Claims (5)
- Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr von gekühlter Luft in einen in einem Gefahrenbereich angeordneten Schutzraum (2, 3), gekennzeichnet durch ein in dem Schutzraum (2, 3) angeordnetes Wirbelrohr (16), dessen Kaltstromauslaß (18) in den Schutzraum (2,3) führt und dessen Warmstromauslaß (17) in den Gefahrenbereich führt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch einen in dem Schutzraum (2, 3) angeordneten, von den sich in diesem befindenden Personen zu betätigenden, den Zugang von Druckluft in das Wirbelrohr (16) freigebenden Hahn (15).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein außerhalb des Gefahrenbereichs angeordneten Windkessel (7) und einer von dem Windkessel (7) zu dem Schutzraum (2, 3) führenden Druckluftleitung (6).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckluftleitung (6) wärmeisoliert ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch kennzeichnet, daß dem Schutzraum (2, 3) zwei Windkessel (7) und zwei Druckleitungen (6) zugeordnet sind, die sich in verschiedenen Richtungen von dem Schutzraum (2, 3) weg erstrecken.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19919740 | 1999-04-30 | ||
DE19919740A DE19919740C2 (de) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Lebensrettungssystem für umschlossene Räume, insbesondere Tunnel |
PCT/DE2000/001346 WO2001012266A1 (de) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-05-02 | Lebensrettungssystem für umschlossene räume, insbesondere tunnel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1175247A1 EP1175247A1 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
EP1175247B1 true EP1175247B1 (de) | 2004-10-27 |
Family
ID=7906442
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20000938517 Expired - Lifetime EP1175247B1 (de) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-05-02 | Lebensrettungssystem für umschlossene räume, insbesondere tunnel |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1175247B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE280620T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19919740C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001012266A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3181811A3 (de) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-07-12 | Eureka Pumps AS | Tunnelnotfallüberlebensunterstützungssystem |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104534601A (zh) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-22 | 重庆大学 | 一种用于核电站主控室断电事故中的空气储能制冷系统 |
CN105805553A (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | 一种核电站的应急压缩空气系统 |
DE102018005497B4 (de) * | 2018-07-11 | 2023-08-10 | Kastriot Merlaku | Vorrichtung eines Rettungs-Systems für Menschen aus einer von Wasser-Massen eingeschlossenen Höhle |
NO20200449A1 (no) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-08-30 | Fossheim Solution | Behovsstyrt ventilasjon ab tilfluktsrom i veitunneler |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE106538C (de) * | ||||
DE249605C (de) * | ||||
GB1438001A (en) * | 1973-06-26 | 1976-06-03 | Kg Smoke Dispersal Ltd | Fire safety systems |
FR2393119A1 (fr) * | 1976-10-19 | 1978-12-29 | Laing Oliver | Chambre de protection contre l'incendie |
US4467796A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1984-08-28 | Beagley Arthur E | Emergency breathing air supply system and apparatus |
DE4025804A1 (de) * | 1990-08-15 | 1992-02-20 | Joachim Scheuermann | Klimaanlage |
-
1999
- 1999-04-30 DE DE19919740A patent/DE19919740C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-02 WO PCT/DE2000/001346 patent/WO2001012266A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-02 EP EP20000938517 patent/EP1175247B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-02 DE DE50008425T patent/DE50008425D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-02 AT AT00938517T patent/ATE280620T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3181811A3 (de) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-07-12 | Eureka Pumps AS | Tunnelnotfallüberlebensunterstützungssystem |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001012266A1 (de) | 2001-02-22 |
EP1175247A1 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
DE50008425D1 (de) | 2004-12-02 |
DE19919740C2 (de) | 2001-03-08 |
ATE280620T1 (de) | 2004-11-15 |
DE19919740A1 (de) | 2000-11-23 |
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