EP1173538A1 - Leistungsgesteigerte reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle geschirrspülen - Google Patents
Leistungsgesteigerte reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle geschirrspülenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173538A1 EP1173538A1 EP00926937A EP00926937A EP1173538A1 EP 1173538 A1 EP1173538 A1 EP 1173538A1 EP 00926937 A EP00926937 A EP 00926937A EP 00926937 A EP00926937 A EP 00926937A EP 1173538 A1 EP1173538 A1 EP 1173538A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- detergent
- molded article
- region
- coating substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 80
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 45
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 siloxanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 23
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
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- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 229920002245 Dextrose equivalent Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 8
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(C)=O FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZGZHWIAQICBGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonanoylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)N1C(=O)CCC1=O ZGZHWIAQICBGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UAOKXEHOENRFMP-ZJIFWQFVSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2,3,4,5-tetraacetyloxy-6-oxohexyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C=O UAOKXEHOENRFMP-ZJIFWQFVSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WQZQEUCNSUNRRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical class OCC(O)CO.OC(=O)CCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCC(O)=O WQZQEUCNSUNRRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000000983 citronellal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000484 citronellol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940111685 dibasic potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RCKMWOKWVGPNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylcarbamazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)N1CCN(C)CC1 RCKMWOKWVGPNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940095104 dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BRDYCNFHFWUBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OO BRDYCNFHFWUBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WCHFOOKTKZYYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyperoxyethane Chemical compound CCOOOCC WCHFOOKTKZYYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071087 ethylenediamine disuccinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002217 eugenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001148 ferula galbaniflua oil terpeneless Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113087 geraniol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001046 glycoluril group Chemical group [H]C12N(*)C(=O)N(*)C1([H])N(*)C(=O)N2* 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001469 hydantoins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPFVBOQKRVRMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxycitronellal Chemical compound O=CCC(C)CCCC(C)(C)O WPFVBOQKRVRMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isatoic anhydride Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1CO VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001851 juniperus communis l. berry oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- SDQFDHOLCGWZPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lilial Chemical compound O=CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 SDQFDHOLCGWZPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930007744 linalool Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool acetate Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)(C=C)OC(C)=O UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;phthalate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010003855 mesentericopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediamine Chemical compound NCN RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940111688 monobasic potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005429 oxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyphenyl Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC)C=C1 RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloroglucinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001553 phloroglucinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940093916 potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010670 sage oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010671 sandalwood oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BBMHARZCALWXSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogenphosphate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O BBMHARZCALWXSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010075550 termamyl Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZKWDCFPLNQTHSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribromoisocyanuric acid Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)N(Br)C(=O)N(Br)C1=O ZKWDCFPLNQTHSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010679 vetiver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFNVDHOSLNRHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N xi-3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal Chemical compound O=CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C1 ZFNVDHOSLNRHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
- C11D17/0091—Dishwashing tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
- C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
- C11D3/38672—Granulated or coated enzymes
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of enzyme-containing washing and cleaning-active molded articles. It relates in particular to performance-enhanced multiphase detergent tablets, in which the division into several phases achieves advantages in cleaning activity.
- Such detergent tablets comprise in particular detergent tablets for automatic dishwashing.
- Multi-phase cleaning tablets for the toilet are described for example in EP 055 100 (Jeyes Group).
- This document discloses toilet block detergents that form a molded body from a slowly soluble detergent composition comprise, in which a bleach tablet is embedded.
- This document simultaneously discloses the most varied designs of multiphase molded bodies.
- the molded bodies are produced according to the teaching of this document either by inserting a compressed bleach tablet into a mold and pouring this tablet with the detergent composition, or by pouring a part of the Detergent composition in the mold, followed by inserting the compressed bleach tablet and possibly subsequent pouring over with another detergent composition, enzymes, machine cleaning of dishes or other special embodiments of the present invention are not mentioned or suggested in this document
- EP 481 547 (Unilever) also describes multi-phase detergent moldings which are to be used for machine dishwashing. These moldings have the shape of core / shell tablets and are produced by stepwise pressing of the constituents
- Bleaching agent composition into a molded body which is inserted into a mattress which is half-filled with a polymer composition, which is then filled with further polymer composition and pressed into a bleached molded body provided with a polymer jacket.
- the process is then repeated with an alkaline detergent composition, so that a three-phase molded body is obtained Enzymes and enzyme performance are not mentioned in this document
- controlled release of ingredients, now known as “controlled release”, has been and is intensively worked on in the field of detergents and cleaning agents, so that there is also a large number of publications in the field of washing and Most active bodies propose a release of certain shaped body areas accelerated by disintegration aids or shower systems. while the slower release of individual components, e.g. through coating, wrapping or deliberate delays, is of secondary importance.
- German patent application DE 198 51 426.3 (Henkel KGaA) describes em process for the production of multi-phase detergent and cleaning agent moldings, in which a particulate premix is pressed to form moldings which have a trough which is later made with a separately produced melt suspension or emulsion from a Envelope substance and one or more active substance (s) dispersed or suspended in it are filled.
- Paraffins or polyethylene glycols are mentioned as envelope substances in this document; enzymes, bleaching agents, bleach activators, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors come as active substances.
- Cobuilder and / or fragrances Liquid enzyme preparations are not mentioned in this section, and further details on the performance increase of enzymes in automatic dishwashing detergents cannot be found in this section
- the present invention was based on the object of providing detergent tablets for machine dishwashing, which enable a targeted release of certain ingredients at predetermined times in the washing and cleaning cycle and, on the other hand, are distinguished by excellent storage and transport stability and are superior to conventional products in a wide variety of different ways Can show application areas.
- the moldings to be provided should be superior to conventional moldings, in particular with regard to the storage stability and the performance of enzymes.
- detergent moldings with the desired properties can be produced in a flexible and simple manner if liquid enzyme preparations with coating substances and optionally further ingredients are processed to melt dispersions which are then applied directly or after shaping to or in the Molded bodies are applied or introduced.
- the present invention relates to detergent molded articles for machine dishwashing, which contain builders, enzymes and optionally further detergent ingredients and in which a region of the molded article is formed in or on a basic molded article a) one or more shell substance (s) having a melting point above 30 ° C., b) one or more liquid enzyme preparation (s) dispersed in the shell substance (s), and c) optionally further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients
- liquid enzyme preparations are, if appropriate with the addition of further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients, embedded in a matrix of Hull material ( ⁇ en) and form a region of the molded body. From this matrix, the enzymes become faster on the one hand and surprisingly over a longer period on the other released, so that a quick and continuous release of the enzymes is achieved.
- the maximum enzyme activity is achieved much earlier by the inventive procedure in the cleaning cycle, and the enzyme activity remains at a higher level during the further cleaning cycle
- region denotes the spatial area of the entire molded body which contains the mixture of shell substance, liquid enzyme preparation and optional active ingredients and auxiliaries. In the simplest case, this region can have the form of a layer, but it can also for example, the filled part of a trough.
- region is not limited to one region, rather the substances mentioned can also be present in several regions distributed over the molded body
- the term “basic molded body” denotes the molded body produced by known tabletting processes, which does not yet contain the “region”.
- the basic molded body is / are the area (s) of the entire molded body that are not “ Region "in the sense of the invention are in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the basic molded body is first produced and the region in a further work step on or in these Basisformgro ⁇ er applied or introduced. The resulting product is referred to below with the generic term "molded article” or "tablet”.
- the most commonly used enzymes in detergents and cleaning agents include lipases, cellulases, amylases and proteases.
- hemicellulases, peroxidases and pectinases are also used in special products.
- Proteases, amylases and lipases are of particular importance in cleaning agents for machine dishwashing.
- the enzymes for use in powder products are usually produced in a granulated and encapsulated form and added to the cleaning agent in this form. These granulated and encapsulated enzymes would dissolve in water-containing liquid cleaning agents, which is why the use of liquid enzyme concentrates is generally preferred here.
- liquid enzyme concentrates are either based homogeneously on a propylene glycol / water basis or heterogeneously as a slurry, or are present in a microencapsulated structure.
- the use of liquid enzyme products in solid cleaning agents has not yet been described.
- Preferred liquid proteases are Savinase ® L, Durazym ® L, Esperase ® L, and
- Everlase 1 from Novo Nordisk, Optimase ® L, Purafect ® L, Purafect ® OX L, Properase ® L from Genencor International, and BLAP ® L from Biozym Ges.mbH.
- Preferred amylases are Termamyl 8 L, Duramyl ® L, and BAN ® from Novo Nordisk,
- Preferred lipases are Lipolase L, Lipolase ultra ® L and Lipoprime ® L Fa. Novo
- products such as the products from Novo Nordisk labeled SL or LCC can be used, for example.
- the commercial liquid enzyme preparations mentioned for example contain 20 to 90 wt .-% propylene glycol or mixtures of propylene glycol and ⁇ W ater.
- Preferred detergent tablets in the context of the present invention are characterized in that the region contains one or more liquid amylase preparations and / or one or more liquid protease preparations.
- the region of the molded body can contain the mentioned ingredients in varying amounts, with the person skilled in the art being free from any limitations in his freedom from molding.
- the region of the shaped body consists of a) 40 to 99.5% by weight, preferably 50 to 97.5% by weight, particularly preferably 60 to 95 % By weight and in particular 70 to 90% by weight of one or more coating substance (s) which have a melting point above 30 ° C., b) 0.5 to 60% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight and in particular 5 to 25% by weight of one or more liquid enzyme preparation (s) dispersed in the shell substance (s) and c) 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0 to 15 % By weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight and in particular 0 to 5% by weight of optionally further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients.
- the region can be designed in a wide variety of ways. For reasons of process economy in production, it is preferred in the context of the present invention that the region has the shape of an insert, a core or a layer
- Shaped bodies according to the invention contain liquid enzyme preparations enclosed in one (or more) region (s) in shell materials.
- the basic molded body contains other important ingredients of cleaning agents, especially builders.
- the cleaning agents according to the invention for machine dishwashing can contain all builders commonly used in washing and cleaning agents, in particular thus zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and, as an important builder in machine dishwashing agents, also the phosphates.
- Suitable natural, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMS ⁇ x O x + ⁇ H? O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4.
- M sodium or hydrogen
- x is a number from 1.9 to 4
- y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4.
- Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514.
- Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3.
- both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicate Na Si 2 O 5 ' yH 2 O are preferred, wherein ⁇ -sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in international patent application WO-A-91/08171.
- the delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying.
- the term “amo ⁇ h” is also understood to mean “roentgenamo ⁇ h”.
- silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle.
- it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles are added
- Electron diffraction experiments provide washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima. This is to be integrated in such a way that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred.
- Such so-called X-ray silicates which also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in German patent application DE-A-44 00 024. Particularly preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray silicates.
- the finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
- zeolite P zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred.
- commercially available and can preferably be used in the context of the present invention for example a co-crystallizate of zeolite X and zeolite A (approx. 80% by weight zeolite X), which is available from CONDEA Augusta SpA is sold under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ® and through the formula
- Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
- the alkali metal phosphates with particular preference for pentasodium or pentapotassium triphosphate (sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate), are of the greatest importance in the detergent and cleaning agent industry.
- Alkali metal phosphates is the general term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of the various phosphoric acids, in which one can distinguish between metaphosphoric acids (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 in addition to higher molecular weight representatives.
- the phosphates combine several advantages: They act as alkali carriers, prevent limescale deposits on machine parts and lime incrustations in tissues and also contribute to cleaning performance.
- Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH 2 PO 4 exists as a dihydrate (density 1.91 “ , melting point 60 °) and as a monohydrate (density 2.04 gcm " J ). Both salts are white, water-soluble powders that lose water of crystallization when heated and into the weakly acidic diphosphate (disodium hydrogen diphosphate, Na 2 H 2 P 2 ⁇ ) at 200 ° C, and at higher temperature in sodium trimetaphosphate (Na 3 P 3 O 9 ) and Maddrell's salt (see below).
- NaH 2 PO is acidic; it arises when using phosphoric acid Sodium hydroxide solution adjusted to a pH of 4.5 and the mash is sprayed.
- Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (primary or monobasic potassium phosphate, potassium biphosphate, KDP), KH 2 PO, is a white salt with a density of 2.33 "3 , has a melting point of 253 ° [decomposition to form potassium polyphosphate (KPO 3 ) x ] and is easily soluble in water.
- Disodium hydrogen phosphate (secondary sodium phosphate), Na 2 HPO 4 , is a colorless, very easily water-soluble crystalline salt. It exists anhydrous and with 2 mol. (Density 2.066 gladly “3 , water loss at 95 °), 7 mol. (Density 1.68 gladly “ 3 , melting point 48 ° with loss of 5 H 2 O) and 12 mol. Water ( Density 1.52 "3 , melting point 35 ° with loss of 5 H 2 O), becomes anhydrous at 100 ° and changes to the diphosphate Na ⁇ O? When heated.
- Disodium hydrogenphosphate is obtained by neutralizing phosphoric acid with soda solution using Phenolphthalein produced as an indicator Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (secondary or dibasic potassium phosphate), K 2 HPO, is an amorphous, white salt that is easily soluble in water.
- Trisodium phosphate, tertiary sodium phosphate, Na 3 PO are colorless crystals that like a dodecahydrate a density of 1.62 "3 and a melting point of 73-76 ° C (decomposition), as a decahydrate (corresponding to 19-20% P 2 O) have a melting point of 100 ° C and in anhydrous form (corresponding to 39-40% P 2 O 5 ) a density of 2.536 "3 .
- Trisodium phosphate is readily soluble in water with an alkaline reaction and is produced by evaporating a solution of exactly 1 mol of disodium phosphate and 1 mol of NaOH.
- Tripotassium phosphate (tertiary or triphase potassium phosphate), K PO, is a white, deliquescent, granular powder with a density of 2.56 "3 , has a melting point of 1340 ° and is readily soluble in water with an alkaline reaction. It occurs, for example, when heating Thomas slag with coal and potassium sulfate Despite the higher price, the more soluble, therefore highly effective, potassium phosphates are often preferred over corresponding sodium compounds in the cleaning agent industry.
- Tetrasodium diphosphate (sodium pyrophosphate), N-L4P 2 O 7 , exists in anhydrous form (density 2.534 like “3 , melting point 988 °, also given 880 °) and as decahydrate (Density from 1.815 to 1.836 like "3, melting point 94 ° with loss of water). Both substances are colorless crystals which dissolve in water with an alkaline reaction. Na ⁇ O? Produced when disodium phosphate is heated to> 200 ° or by phosphoric acid with soda The decahydrate complexes heavy metal salts and hardness formers and therefore reduces the hardness of the water.
- Potassium diphosphate (potassium pyrophosphate), K 4 P 2 O 7 , exists in the form of the trihydrate and provides a colorless, hygroscopic Powder with a density of 2.33 preferably represents "3 , which is soluble in water, the pH of the 1% solution at 25 ° being 10.4.
- Sodium and potassium phosphates in which one can differentiate cyclic representatives, the sodium or potassium metaphosphates and chain-like types, the sodium or potassium polyphosphates. A large number of terms are used in particular for the latter: melt or glow phosphates, Graham's salt, Kurrol's and Maddrell's salt. All higher sodium and potassium phosphates are collectively referred to as condensed phosphates.
- pentasodium triphosphate Na 5 P 3 O ⁇ o (sodium tripolyphosphate)
- Approx. 17 g of the salt free from water of crystallization dissolve in 100 g of water at room temperature, approx. 20 g at 60 ° and 32 g at 100 °; After heating the solution at 100 ° for two hours, hydrolysis produces about 8% orthophosphate and 15% diphosphate.
- pentasodium triphosphate In the production of pentasodium triphosphate, phosphoric acid is reacted with sodium carbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution in a stoichiometric ratio and the solution is dewatered by spraying. Similar to Graham's salt and sodium diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate dissolves many insoluble metal compounds (including lime soaps, etc.). Pentapotassium triphosphate, K5P 3 O 10 (potassium tripolyphosphate), is commercially available, for example, in the form of a 50% strength by weight solution (> 23% P 2 O 5 , 25% K 2 O). The potassium polyphosphates are widely used in the detergent and cleaning agent industry. There are also sodium potassium tripolyphosphates, which are also in the Can be used within the scope of the present invention. These occur, for example, when hydrolyzing sodium trimetaphphosphate with KOH:
- these can be used just like sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of these two; Mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate and potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate can also be used according to the invention.
- the detergent molded articles according to the invention are preferably characterized in that the basic molded article builder contains in amounts of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 25 to 75% by weight and in particular 30 to 70% by weight, in each case based on the basic molded article.
- Organic cobuilders which can be used in the dishwasher detergents according to the invention are, in particular, polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, other organic cobuilders (see below) and phosphonates. These classes of substances are described below.
- Usable organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
- these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), as long as such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.
- Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.
- the acids themselves can also be used.
- the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH value for detergents or cleaning agents.
- Citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures thereof can be mentioned in particular.
- Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders, for example the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
- the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molecular weights M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), using a UV detector. The measurement was made against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molecular weights measured against polystyrene sulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights given in this document.
- Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates which have molar masses from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, can in turn be preferred from this group.
- copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
- Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable.
- Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
- the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution.
- the content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the agents is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular 3 to 10% by weight.
- the polymers can also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as, for example, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as monomers.
- allylsulfonic acids such as, for example, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as monomers.
- Biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units are also particularly preferred, for example those which contain salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives as monomers or those which contain salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives as monomers .
- copolymers are those which are described in German patent applications DE-A-43 03 320 and DE-A-44 17 734 and which preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.
- polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursor substances.
- Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, of which it is disclosed in German patent application DE-A-195 40 086 that in addition to cobuilder properties they also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.
- polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
- Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and their mixtures and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
- dextrins for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out according to customary, for example acid or enzyme lysed procedures are carried out. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molar masses in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol.
- DE dextrose equivalent
- the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
- oxidizing agents capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
- Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known, for example, from European patent applications EP-A-0 232 202, EP-A-0 427 349, EP-A-0 472 042 and EP-A-0 542 496 as well as international patent applications WO 92 / 18542, WO 93/08251, WO 93/16110, WO 94/28030, WO 95/07303, WO 95/12619 and WO 95/20608.
- An oxidized oligosaccharide according to German patent application DE-A-196 00 018 is also suitable.
- a product oxidized at C 6 of the saccharide ring can be
- Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates are further suitable cobuilders.
- ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) is preferably in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts.
- Glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates are also preferred in this context. Suitable amounts for use in formulations containing zeolite and / or silicate are 3 to 15% by weight.
- organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.
- cobuilders are described, for example, in international patent application WO 95/20029.
- Another class of substances with cobuilder properties are the phosphonates. These are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or aminoalkane phosphonates. Among the hydroxyalkane phosphonates, l-hydroxyethane-l, l-diphosphonate (HEDP) is of particular importance as a cobuilder.
- Preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologs. They are preferably in the form of the neutral sodium salts, e.g. B. as the hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as the hepta and octa sodium salt of DTPMP.
- HEDP is preferably used as the builder from the class of the phosphonates.
- the aminoalkanephosphonates also have a pronounced ability to bind heavy metals. Accordingly, it may be preferred, particularly if the agents also contain bleach, to use aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or to use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned.
- nonionic surfactants Only weakly foaming nonionic surfactants are usually used as surfactants in automatic dishwashing detergents. By contrast, representatives from the groups of anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants are of lesser importance.
- the detergent tablets according to the invention for machine dishwashing particularly preferably contain nonionic surfactants.
- the detergent tablets according to the invention contain nonionic surfactants, in particular non-ionic surfactants from the group of alkoxy-etherified alcohols
- the non-ionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxy-ether, advantageously ethoxy-ether, in particular polymeric alcohols with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue is linear or can preferably be methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- EO ethylene oxide
- alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, Palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol preferred.
- the preferred ethoxyetherified alcohols include, for example, C 2 - 1 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9 n alcohol with 7 EO, C ) 3 , alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ) 2 is alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures gene from C] 2 ⁇ -alcohol with 3 EO and Ci 2 -i 8 -alcohol with 5 EO
- the degrees of ethoxyherization indicated represent statistical mean values which can be an integer or a fractional number for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a restricted amount of hematologists.
- fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples of these are tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO
- alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) ⁇ can also be used as further nonionic surfactants, in which R denotes a p ⁇ maren straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular in the 2-position methyl-branched, ahphatic radical with 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
- the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10, preferably x is 1, 2 to 1.4
- nonionic surfactants which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxy-hard, preferably ethoxy-hard or ethoxy-hard and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, such as them for example in Japanese Patent application JP 58/217598 are described or which are preferably produced by the method described in the international patent application WO-A-90/13533
- Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylammoxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-d ⁇ hydroxyethylam ⁇ nox ⁇ d, and of fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
- the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half of them
- Suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkali lamb or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride
- the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (I)
- R-CO-N- [Z] (II) m is the R for a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical with 7 to 12
- R stands for a linear, branched or cychschen alkyl residue or an aryl residue with 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 2 stands for a linear, branched or cychschen alkyl residue or an aryl residue or an oxy-alkyl residue with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, whereby C ⁇ _ralkyl or phenyl residues are preferred and [Z] represents a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical, the alkyl chain of which is substituted by at least u ei hydroxyl groups, or alkoxy-hard, preferably ethoxy-hard or propoxylated derivatives of this radical
- [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example, according to the teaching of the international application WO- A-95/07331 can be converted into the desired polyhydroxyfatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst -
- Preferred detergent moldings in the context of the present invention comprise tenside (s), preferably non-ionic (s) tenside (s), in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.75 to 7.5% by weight and in particular from 1.0 to 5% by weight, in each case based on the basic shaped body
- the sodium piperborate tetrahydrate and the sodium piperborate monohydrate are of particular importance.
- Other bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium pipercarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O.
- Diperdodecanedioic acid Detergents according to the invention can also contain bleaches from the group of organic bleaches. Typical organic bleaches are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
- Other typical organic bleaching agents are peroxy acids, examples of which include alkyl peroxy acids and aryl peroxy acids.
- Preferred representatives are (a) peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monophthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid.
- 1, 12-diperoxycarboxylic acid 1, 9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxydiperyloxy-2-oxy-butoxy-diperoxybiperoxy-diperoxybiperyl-2-doxy-oxy-oxy-2-oxyacid,
- Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as bleaching agents in the detergent tablets according to the invention for machine dishwashing.
- Suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials include, for example, heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium.
- Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.
- the bleaching agents are usually used in machine dishwashing detergents in amounts of 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 20% by weight and in particular 5 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the detergent.
- the proportions mentioned relate to the weight of the basic molded body.
- Bleach activators that support the action of the bleaching agents can also be part of the basic molded body.
- Known bleach activators are compounds which contain one or more N- or O-acyl groups, such as substances from the class of anhydrides, esters, imides and acylated imidazoles or oximes. Examples are tetraacetylethylene diamine TAED, tetraacetyl methylene diamine TAMD and Tetraacetylhexylenediamine TAHD, but also pentaacetylglucose PAG, l, 5-diacetyl-2,2-dioxo-hexahydro-l, 3,5-triazine DADHT and isatoic anhydride ISA.
- Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- acylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetyloxy, 2,5-acetiacetyl, ethylene glycol 2,5-dihydrofuran, n-methyl-
- Hydrophilically substituted acylacetals and acyllactams are also preferably used.
- Combinations of conventional bleach activators can also be used.
- the bleach activators are usually used in machine dishwashing detergents in amounts of 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.25 to 15% by weight and in particular 1 to 10% by weight, based in each case on the detergent. In the context of the present invention, the proportions mentioned relate to the weight of the basic molded body.
- bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the basic molded body.
- These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo Salene complexes or carbonyl complexes.
- Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.
- Bleach activators from the group of multiply acylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (N-) or iso-NOBs iso , n-Methyl-Mo ⁇ holinium-Acetonitril-Methylsulfat (MMA), preferably in amounts up to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 wt .-% to 8 wt .-%, particularly 2 to 8 wt .-% and particularly preferred 2 to 6 wt .-% based on the total agent used.
- TAED tetraacetylethylene diamine
- NOSI N-nonanoylsuccinimide
- Bleach-boosting transition metal complexes in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group consisting of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably cobalt (ammin) - Complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, of manganese sulfate are used in conventional amounts, preferably in an amount of up to 5% by weight, in particular 0.0025% by weight % to 1% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.25% by weight, in each case based on the total composition. But in special cases, more bleach activator can be used.
- the basic shaped body can also contain enzymes, as a result of which a conventional enzyme release and action is achieved, which is supported by the enzyme release and action from the region according to the invention.
- Such detergent tablets have a "booster enzyme effect", so to speak.
- the enzymes optionally used in the base tablets are preferably commercially available solid enzyme preparations.
- Enzymes in the basic shaped bodies are in particular those from the classes of hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytically active enzymes, amylases, glycosyl hydrolases and mixtures of the enzymes mentioned. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of soiling such as protein, fat or starchy stains. Oxidoreductases can also be used for bleaching. Particularly suitable are bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyceus griseus, Coprinus Cinereus and Humicola insolens as well as enzymatic active ingredients obtained from their genetically modified variants.
- hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytically active enzymes, amylases, glycosyl hydrolases and mixtures of the enzymes mentioned. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of soiling such as protein, fat or starchy stains. Oxidoreductases
- Known cutinases are examples of such lipolytically active enzymes.
- Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases.
- Suitable amylases include in particular alpha-amylases, iso-amylases, pullulanases and pectinases.
- the enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers or embedded in coating substances to protect them against premature decomposition.
- the proportion of the enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to about 4.5% by weight.
- Preferred detergent tablets in the context of the present invention are characterized in that the basic tablet contains protease and / or amylase.
- the detergent tablets according to the invention can contain the enzyme (s) in two fundamentally different areas, tablets with very precisely defined enzyme release and action can be provided.
- the table below gives an overview of possible enzyme distributions in detergent tablets according to the invention: Basic molded body envelope material / enzyme region
- Dyes and fragrances can be added to the machine dishwashing detergents according to the invention both in the basic molded article and in the region in order to improve the aesthetic impression of the resulting products and to provide the consumer with a visually and sensorially "typical and distinctive" product.
- perfume oils or fragrances individual fragrance compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type are used. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate,
- the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes, for example, the linear alkanals with 8-18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal, and the ketones include, for example, the jonones, ⁇ -isomethylionone and methylcedryl ketone the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and te ⁇ ineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include te ⁇ enes such as limonene and pinene.
- Perfume oils of this type can also contain natural fragrance mixtures such as are obtainable from plant sources, for example pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable are muscatel, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.
- fragrances can be incorporated directly into the cleaning agents according to the invention, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers.
- the agents according to the invention can be colored with suitable dyes.
- Preferred dyes the selection of which is not difficult for the person skilled in the art, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the compositions and to light, and no pronounced substantivity to the substrates to be treated with the compositions, such as glass, ceramics or plastic dishes, so as not to stain them.
- the detergent tablets according to the invention can contain corrosion inhibitors, in particular in the base tablet to protect the items to be washed or the machine, silver protection agents in particular being particularly important in the area of automatic dishwashing.
- silver protection agents can be selected from the group of triazoles, benzotriazoles, bisbenzotriazoles, Aminotriazoles, the alkylaminotriazoles and the transition metal salts or complexes are used. Benzotriazole and / or alkylaminotriazole are particularly preferably to be used.
- active chlorine-containing agents are often found in cleaner formulations, which can significantly reduce the corroding of the silver surface.
- oxygen- and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, e.g. As hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucin, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds.
- Salt-like and complex-like inorganic compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce, are also frequently used.
- transition metal salts which are selected from the group consisting of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (amine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes , the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate.
- Zinc compounds can also be used to prevent corrosion on the wash ware.
- the basic molded body can also be designed in such a way that multilayer molded bodies are produced in a manner known per se by preparing two or more premixes which are pressed onto one another.
- the premix which has been filled in first is not or only slightly pre-pressed in order to obtain a smooth top surface which runs parallel to the mold body bottom, and after the second premix is filled in, the end mold is pressed to the finished mold body.
- a further preliminary molding is carried out after each premix addition, before the molded body is finally pressed after adding the last premix.
- detergent molded articles are preferred in which the basic molded article is a two-layer tablet.
- advantages can be achieved from the division of certain ingredients into the individual layers.
- detergent tablets are preferred in which one layer of the base tablet contains one or more bleaching agents and the other layer contains one or more enzymes. It is not only this separation of bleaching agents and enzymes that can be advantageous, the separation of bleaching agents and bleach activators that can be used optionally can also be advantageous. so that inventive cleaning agent form bodies are preferred in which one layer of the base form body contains one or more bleaching agents and the other contains one or more bleach activators
- the description of the other ingredients of the region follows, of which the shell substance is mandatory in addition to the liquid enzyme preparations.
- Preferred shell substances of the region have a melting range from 45 ° C. to 75 ° C. This melting range is used in the usual cleaning programs m An advantageous enzyme release is guaranteed in dishwashers. In the context of the present invention, it is advantageous if the shell substance is water-soluble
- cleaning agent formers in which the shell substance of the region contains at least one substance from the group of polyethylene glycols (PEG) and / or polypropylene glycols (PPG), polyethylene glycols with molecular weights between 1500 and 36,000 being preferred, those with molecular weights from 2000 to 6000 being particularly preferred preferred and those with molecular weights of 3000 to 5000 are particularly preferred
- detergent form bodies are particularly preferred which contain propylene glycols (PPG) and / or polyethylene glycols (PEG) as the only shell substance in the region.
- PPG propylene glycols
- PEG polyethylene glycols
- Polypropylene glycols (abbreviation PPG) which can be used according to the invention are polymers of propylene glycol which have the general formula III
- n can take values between 10 and 2000.
- Preferred PPGs have molar masses between 1000 and 10,000, corresponding to values of n between 17 and approximately 170.
- Polyethylene glycols which can preferably be used according to the invention are polymers of ethylene glycol which have the general formula IV
- n can have values between 20 and approx. 1000.
- the preferred molecular weight ranges mentioned above correspond to preferred ranges of the value n in formula IV from approximately 30 to approximately 820 (exactly: from 34 to 818), particularly preferably from approximately 40 to approximately 150 (precisely: from 45 to 136) and in particular from about 70 to about 120 (exactly: from 68 to 1 13).
- the region can contain further active substances and / or auxiliary substances, for example those from the groups of anti-settling agents, suspended substances, anti-floating agents, thixotropic agents and dispersing agents.
- certain shaped detergent bodies according to the invention in the region can contain further auxiliaries from the group of anti-settling agents, floating agents, anti-floating agents, thixotropic agents and dispersing agents in amounts of from 0.5 to 8.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 5.0% by weight. %, and in particular from 1.5 to 3.0 wt .-%, each based on the region.
- the region also contains emulsifiers from the group of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, polyglycerol esters and / or polyoxyalkylene siloxanes in amounts of 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight and particularly preferably 2.5 to 10 % By weight, based in each case on the region, is possible according to the invention.
- emulsifiers from the group of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, polyglycerol esters and / or polyoxyalkylene siloxanes in amounts of 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight and particularly preferably 2.5 to 10 % By weight, based in each case on the region, is possible according to the invention.
- preferred form of cleaning agent are characterized in that the region contains no further ingredients apart from the hull material (s) and the components of the liquid enzyme preparations
- the cleaning agent moldings according to the invention can be produced in different ways. For example, it is possible to produce moldings using known tabletting processes, which have a cavity that is filled with a melt dispersion of shell substance, flux enzyme preparation (s) and optional ingredients. In this way, for example, point - or mold tablets can of course be produced.
- the melt dispersion can also be applied to one side or the entire surface of the previously pressed molded body, for which purpose coating processes known to the person skilled in the art such as bedding or immersing the molded body in the melt dispersion can also be used.
- the basic molded body can also be used to transfer a mattress and pour the melt dispersion onto one side of the molded body, where it solidifies in the mattress. In this way, multilayer tablets can be produced in which the region has the shape of a Sch has not
- Another process route then consists in shaping the melt dispersion in the solidification area of the melt, so that particles are obtained which have the composition of the melt dispersion.
- These particles can be mixed into the premixes to be tabletted and in this way a multiplicity of regions homogeneously distributed over the mold body
- the particles which may have the form of flakes, pearls, strands, etc., as a premix, the contamination of which provides a layer with the composition of the melt dispersion as part of a multilayer tabletting known per se
- Another object of the present invention is a method for producing multi-phase detergent molded articles which is caused by the shell a) pressing a particulate premix to shaped bodies which have a cavity in a manner known per se, b) producing a melt dispersion from a coating substance which has a melting point above 30 ° C. and one or more liquid enzyme preparation (s) dispersed in it , c) Filling the molded article from step a) with the melt dispersion from step b) at temperatures above the melting point of the coating substance, d) cooling and optional aftertreatment of the filled detergent molded article.
- Another object of the present invention is the second process route, namely a process for the production of multi-phase
- Cleaning agent shaped body which comprises the steps: a) production of a melt dispersion from a coating substance, which has a melting point above 30 ° C. and one or more liquid enzyme preparation (s) dispersed therein, b) shaping processing of the melt dispersion in the solidification area of the melt into one Particulate composition, c) optional mixing of the particles formed in step b) with further particulate ingredients of detergents, d) molding of the premixes formed in step b) or c) to form shaped bodies or regions thereof.
- a melt dispersion is produced in step b) from the ingredients of the region described above.
- this is step a).
- preferred amounts and certain substances of the coating substance and the liquid enzyme preparations reference can be made to the above explanations regarding the detergent tablets according to the invention.
- the composition the basic molded body in the first method according to the invention applies analogously to what has been said above.
- first method variants according to the invention are preferred in which the premix builder pressed in step a) is obtained in amounts of from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 25 to 75% by weight and in particular from 30 to 70% by weight on the premix.
- a further preferred embodiment of the first-mentioned method provides that the particulate premixes of surfactant (s), preferably nonionic surfactant (s), pressed in step a), in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably of 0 , 75 to 7.5 wt .-% and in particular from 1.0 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the premix.
- the premix can, as described above for the description of the basic molded article, be composed of a wide variety of substances. Regardless of the composition of the premixes to be processed in process step a), physical parameters of the premixes can be selected such that advantageous molded-body properties result.
- the particulate premixes pressed in step a) have bulk densities above 600 g 1, preferably above 700 g / 1 and in particular above 800 g / 1.
- the particle size in the premixes to be measured can also be adjusted in order to obtain advantageous shaped body properties.
- the particulate premix pressed in step a) has a particle size distribution in which less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 7.5% by weight and in particular less than 5% by weight the particles are larger than 1600 ⁇ m or smaller than 200 ⁇ m. Narrower particle size distributions are further preferred here.
- Particularly advantageous process variants are characterized in that the particulate premix pressed in step a) has a particle size distribution in which more than 30% by weight, preferably more than 40% by weight and in particular more than 50% by weight of the particles have a particle size between 600 and 1000 ⁇ m.
- the first method according to the invention is not restricted to the fact that only a particulate premix is pressed into a shaped body. Rather, process step a) can also be expanded to the effect that multilayer molded articles are produced in a manner known per se by preparing two or more premixes which are pressed onto one another. In this case, the premix which has been filled in first is lightly pre-pressed in order to obtain a smooth upper surface which runs parallel to the mold body bottom, and after the second premix is filled in the finished mold body is finally pressed. In the case of three-layer or multi-layer molded bodies, a further preliminary treatment is carried out after each premix addition, before the molded body is finally pressed after addition of the last premix.
- the above-described cavity in the basic molded body is preferably a trough, so that preferred embodiments of the first method according to the invention are characterized in that in step a) multilayered molded bodies which have a trough are produced in a manner known per se by a plurality of different particulate premixes on top of one another be pressed.
- melt dispersion produced in step b) consists of 40 to 99.5 % By weight, preferably 50 to 97.5% by weight, particularly preferably 60 to 95% by weight and in particular 70 to 90% by weight of one or more coating substance (s) which have a melting point above 30 ° C.
- the coating substance (s) (en) dispersed liquid enzyme preparation (s) has 0.5 to 60% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight and in particular 5 to 25% by weight of one or more in the coating substance (s) (en) dispersed liquid enzyme preparation (s) and 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight and in particular 0 to 5% by weight optionally further auxiliaries and / or Active ingredients exist.
- the shaping processing in step b) is carried out by granulating, compacting, pelleting, extruding or tableting.
- the granules, compactates, pellets, prills, extrudates, pearls, flakes, flakes, tablets etc. obtained in this way can be pressed to larger areas by conventional tableting processes.
- either direct pressing is possible or pressing after mixing with further particles, for example further powdery or granular ingredients of cleaning agents.
- Further refinements of the second method according to the invention therefore provide that the particles formed in step b) are mixed with further particulate constituents of cleaning agents to form a premix which is pressed into a single-layer molded body.
- the region is a coherent region and does not consist of many smaller regions.
- the particles formed in step b) are therefore used as a premix for the production of a two-layer tablet known per se without further additives.
- the coating substance of the melt dispersion contains at least one substance from the group of polyethylene glycols (PEG) and / or polypropylene glycols (PPG), polyethylene glycols having molecular weights between 1500 and 36,000 are preferred, those with molecular weights from 2000 to 6000 are particularly preferred and those with molecular weights from 3000 to 5000 are particularly preferred and in which the melt dispersion contains one or more liquid amylase preparations and / or one or more liquid protease preparations.
- PEG polyethylene glycols
- PPG polypropylene glycols
- the detergent tablets according to the invention have clear advantages over previous products when used in dishwashers.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of solidified melt dispersions from a) one or more coating substance (s) which have a melting point above 30 ° C., b) one or more liquid dispersed in the coating substance (s) Enzyme preparation (s) and c) optionally further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients in detergent tablets for automatic dishwashing
- enzymes dispersed in polyethylene glycols with molecular weights from 1500 to 36,000, preferably from 2000 to 6000 and in particular from 3000 to 5000 in detergent tablets for machine dishwashing is preferred.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of solidified melt dispersions from a) one or more coating substance (s) which has / have a melting point above 30 ° C. b) one or more liquid enzyme preparation (s) dispersed in the coating substance (s) and c) optionally further auxiliaries and / or active ingredients for the rapid and long-lasting release of enzymes from detergent tablets which contain these solidified dispersions.
- melt dispersions of the following composition were prepared
- the protease-free base tablet 2 was filled with the melt dispersion 1 and delivered the mold body El according to the invention, the base tablet weighing 24 g before filling and 25 g after filling.
- the protease-containing base tablet 1 was filled with the melt dispersion 1, which is the Formko ⁇ er E2 according to the invention delivered
- the Remists instruct the inventive Formko ⁇ er El and E2 -was against the unfilled Basisformko ⁇ er 2 (VI) or 1 (V2) judges To this was contaminated Geschi ⁇ m a 55 ° C program at 16 ° d W ⁇ asserharte in Hauptspulgang a Miele G 590 m with Universal program used
- the table below shows the cleaning performance of the individual molded bodies on different protease-sensitive soils.
- the unfilled molded body VI is protease-free, while the unfilled molded body V2 protease in the basic molded body contains the inventive molded body El only contains the protease in poured core (less protease activity than V2), while the inventive mold body contains E2 protease both in the basic mold body and in the core.
- the cleaning performance of the agents on the soiling was carried out visually by experts and rated on a scale of 0-10 Grade "0" no cleaning g means and "10" means complete removal of the stains. The results of the cleaning tests are summarized in the table below. For better clarity, a protease content in the basic form body is marked with "B”, and a protease content in the "enzyme core" with "K"
- the basic molded body 2 was filled with the melt dispersion 2 (E3) and the performance compared to an unfilled basic molded body 2 (V3).
- the table shows that the shaped body according to the invention reaches the activity maximum after 6.75 minutes, while the comparative example requires 10 minutes.
- the enzyme activity in the cleaning liquor remains at a high level over the entire main wash cycle, while in the comparative example it drops drastically shortly after the maximum.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19918458A DE19918458A1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | Leistungsgesteigerte Reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle Geschirrspülen |
| DE19918458 | 1999-04-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/003387 WO2000065021A1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-04-14 | Leistungsgesteigerte reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle geschirrspülen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1173538A1 true EP1173538A1 (de) | 2002-01-23 |
| EP1173538B1 EP1173538B1 (de) | 2004-09-08 |
Family
ID=7905615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00926937A Expired - Lifetime EP1173538B1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-04-14 | Leistungsgesteigerte reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle geschirrspülen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1173538B1 (de) |
| AR (1) | AR023554A1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE275623T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU4549900A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2306383A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19918458A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000065021A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60113059T2 (de) * | 2001-03-05 | 2006-01-12 | Unilever N.V. | Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
| DE10313458A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-11-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
| DE10313457A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8727135D0 (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1987-12-23 | Unilever Plc | Machine dishwashing composition |
| US5133892A (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-07-28 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Machine dishwashing detergent tablets |
| DE19851426A1 (de) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-01-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung mehrphasiger Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper |
-
1999
- 1999-04-23 DE DE19918458A patent/DE19918458A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-04-14 DE DE50007687T patent/DE50007687D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-14 WO PCT/EP2000/003387 patent/WO2000065021A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-04-14 AU AU45499/00A patent/AU4549900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-14 AT AT00926937T patent/ATE275623T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-14 EP EP00926937A patent/EP1173538B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-19 AR ARP000101851A patent/AR023554A1/es unknown
- 2000-04-20 CA CA002306383A patent/CA2306383A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0065021A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR023554A1 (es) | 2002-09-04 |
| CA2306383A1 (en) | 2000-10-23 |
| WO2000065021A1 (de) | 2000-11-02 |
| DE19918458A1 (de) | 2000-10-26 |
| ATE275623T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
| AU4549900A (en) | 2000-11-10 |
| EP1173538B1 (de) | 2004-09-08 |
| DE50007687D1 (de) | 2004-10-14 |
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